Digital Commons Network^™

The Exxon Valdez Reopener: Natural Resources Damage Settlements And Roads Not Taken, William H. Rodgers, Jr., J.B. Crosetto Iii, C.A. Holley, T.C. Kade, J.H. Kaufman, C.M. Kostelec, K.A. Michael, R.J. Sandberg, J.L. Schorr

Articles

The 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill caused extensive natural resource damage to the Prince William Sound. Lawsuits addressing this natural resource damage resulted in a settlement that required Exxon to pay $900 million over time to trustees charged with spending this money to restore the damaged environment of the Sound and nearby areas. The settlement included a “Reopener Clause,” which pledges Exxon to spend an additional $100 million to fund restoration or rehabilitation of resources whose injuries were not foreseeable in 1989.

This Article urges the State of Alaska and the United States to seek enforcement of the Reopener Clause, …

Dedication To Charles Rick Johnson, South Dakota Law Review, Mike Abourezk, Hon. Donald J. Bormann, Andrew W. Bogue, Greg Eiesland, Wally Eklund, David R. Gienapp, Judith R. Meierhenry, Michael Myers, Lawrence L. Piersol, Richard W. Sabers, Gary J. Pashby, David R. Vrooman

South Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

Making Sense Of Family Limited Partnership Law After Strangi And Stone: A Better Approach To Planning And Litigation Through The Bona Fide Transaction Exception, Bradford Updike

South Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

State V. Schroeder: South Dakota Performs Legal Alchemy And Transmutes Use Into Possession, John Thomas Richter

South Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

An Absence Of Punishment And Custody Lead To An Absence Of Credit: Closs V. South Dakota Board Of Pardons And Parole, Hilary Williamson

South Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

South Dakota Review 50th Anniversary Topic Index, Vols. 31-50, South Dakota Law Review

South Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

Passive Decisions And Potent Defaults, James J. Choi, David Laibson, Brigitte C. Madrian, Andrew Metrick

Faculty Publications

Default options have an enormous impact on household choices. Such effects have now been extensively documented in the literature on 401(k) plans (Madrian and Shea 2001; Choi et al. 2002b, 2004). Defaults have been shown to affect participation, savings rates, rollovers, and asset allocation. For example, Choi et al. (2004) study three firms that use automatic enrollment. When employees at these firms are automatically enrolled in their 401(k) plan, only a tiny fraction opt out, producing participation rates exceeding 85 percent regardless of tenure. But when employees at these firms were not automatically enrolled, participation rates were significantly lower, ranging …

Mental Health At Work: From Defining To Solving The Problem. Solving The Problem: Preventing Stress In The Workplace, Jean-Pierre Brun

Guides

Cet ouvrage est issu des travaux effectués sur la prévention des problèmes de santé psychologique au travail (Brun, J.-P. et al. 2002), et s'adresse à celles et ceux qui souhaitent comprendre cette problématique et s'outiller afin de mieux la prévenir. L'itinéraire proposé comporte trois étapes: l'ampleur du problème, les causes et la prévention. Ces documents permettront aux travailleurs et aux organisations de mieux faire face à ce problème qui est la cause principale de l'augmentation de l'absentéisme au travail.

De la même série

• Scope of the problem: How workplace stress is shown
• What causes the problem? The sources of …

La Qualité De L'Air Intérieur Dans Les Établissements Du Réseau De La Santé Et Des Services Sociaux, Pierre Gauthier, Richard Bastien, Lyne Boudreau, Sylvie Bédard, Gérald Boily, Mario Fortin, Nicole Goyer, Norman King, Pierre Lajoie, Mario Lessard, Luc Ménard, Qussaï Samak, Louise De Guire, Louis Drouin, Jacques Lavoie, Louis Lazure, Benoît Lévesque, André Matte, Pierre Poulin

Guides

No abstract provided.

Applying The Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model Of Hiv- Risk To Youth In Psychiatric Care, Geri R. Donenberg, Rebecca Moss Schwartz, Erin Emerson, Helen W. Wilson, Fred B. Bryant, Gloria Coleman

Psychology: Faculty Publications and Other Works

This study examined the utility of cognitive and behavioral constructs (AIDS in-formation, motivation, and behavioral skills) in explaining sexual risk taking among 172 12–20–year-old ethnically diverse urban youths in outpatient psy-chiatric care. Structural equation modeling revealed only moderate support for the model, explaining low to moderate levels of variance in global sexual risk taking. The amount of explained variance improved when age was included as a predictor in the model. Findings shed light on the contribution of AIDS informa-tion, motivation, and behavioral skills to risky sexual behavior among teens re-ceiving outpatient psychiatric care. Results suggest that cognitive and behavioral factors …

Caduceus 2005, Stritch School Of Medicine

Stritch School of Medicine Yearbooks

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Certain Factors On Productive And Reproductive Efficiency Traits And Phenotypic Relationships Among These Traits And Repeatabilities In West Anatolian Holsteins, Mustafa Tekerli̇, Mustafa Gündoğan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present investigation was undertaken to study certain factors affecting production efficiency, milk production and reproduction and to estimate the repeatabilities and phenotypic correlations of these traits in Holsteins maintained at different farms in western Anatolia over 3 years (1990 - 1993). The data consisted of 506 first and 232 second lactations of 525 cows. Three production efficiency traits (milk yield per day of lactation length (MYPDLL), milk yield per day of calving interval (MYPDCI) and milk yield per day of age at second calving (MYPDASC)), one production trait (lactation yield (LY)), and one reproduction trait (calving interval (CI)) were …

Heritabilities Of Tonic Immobility And Leucocytic Response In Sire And Dam Layer Lines, Özge Altan, Petek Settar, Yakut Ünver, Meti̇n Çabuk

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Fearfulness reaction was examined using tonic immobility (TI) response and differential leucocyte counts as physiological indicators of distress from sire and dam brown layer lines. The study was performed on 20 male and 131 female chickens from the sire line and 24 male and 116 female chickens from the dam line. The duration of TI, the time interval until the bird righted itself, and the number of inductions (15 s periods of restraint) necessary to attain TI were recorded. If TI could not be induced after 5 attempts, a score of 0 was recorded. After the TI test, blood samples …

An Abattoir Survey Of Liver And Lung Helminthic Infections In Local And Imported Sheep In Jordan, Anwar Maraqa, Zuhair Sami Amr, Lina Rifai, Walid Al-Melhim

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The livers and lungs of 5596 sheep (443 local, 473 Romanian and 4680 Australian) slaughtered in Amman Central Abattoir during November-December 1999 were examined in routine meat inspection procedures for helminths. Dictyocaulus filaria, hydatid cyst, Fasciola hepatica and Dicrocoelium dendriticum were recovered from the examined sheep with variable prevalences. Dicrocoelium dendriticum is reported from the livers of imported sheep in Jordan for the first time.

Effect Of Single Dose Cadmium Chloride Administration On Oxidative Stress In Male And Female Rats, Haki̇ Kara, Fi̇kret Karataş, Hali̇t Canatan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was carried out to determine the effect of single dose cadmium chloride (CdCl_2) administration on the possible development of oxidative stress by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the liver, kidney and blood serum of male and female rats. For this purpose 80 animals (14-16 weeks old) were initially divided into two 2 groups according to sex, each containing 40 rats. Then both were divided into 5 equal treatment groups [0 (control) 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 mg/kg CdCl_2 body weight by subcutanous injection, respectively]. The blood serum and tissues of the liver and kidney were collected after 24 …

Performance Testing Studies And The Selection Of Hasmer, Hasak, Hasiv And Linmer Crossbreed Sheep Types: Ii. Pre-Weaning Growth, Mehmet Emi̇n Teki̇n, Mehmet Gürkan, Osman Karabulut, Hüseyi̇n Düzgün

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted to investigate the pre-weaning growth of crossbreed types. Fifteen genotypes (F_1 and B_1) were obtained by crossbreeding in the Animal Research Institute in Konya from 1989 to 1996. These 15 genotypes were classified in 4 appropriate genotype names: Hasmer, Hasak, Hasiv and Linmer. GLM and Tukey's HSD tests were used for statistical analyses. Year, genotype, sex, birth type, and dam's age were introduced into the model as fixed factors and birth weight was introduced as a covariate along with year x genotype interaction. While the effects of year, dam's age, birth type, and sex on birth …

The Possibilities Of Twice-Yearly Lambing Of Awassi Sheep Ewes Without Using Hormones In An Organic Animal Production System, Ümi̇t Yavuzer

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This goal of the present research was to determine the possibility of twice-yearly lambing in Awassi sheep. The research was appropriate in terms of ecological agriculture, animal breeding applications, and organic agricultural production with no impact on their health or behavior, or exposure to environmental conditions such as exogenous hormone applications. The research was carried out after the February 2001 lambing season. Rams were introduced to the ewe flock while the lambs were weaning. The sheep's giving birth in August 2001 indicated that they had become pregnant while the lambs were weaning. The fertility rate in the August 2001 birth …

Performance Testing Studies And The Selection Of Hasmer, Hasak, Hasiv And Linmer Crossbreed Sheep Types: Iii. Fattening Performance, Mehmet Emi̇n Teki̇n, Mehmet Gürkan, Osman Karabulut, Hüseyi̇n Düzgün

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted to evaluate the fattening performance of Hasmer (31.25% Hampshire Down (HD) + 31.25% German Black Headed Mutton (GBM) + 37.50% Merino), Hasak (31.25% HD + 31.25% GBM + 37.50% Akkaraman), Hasiv (31.25% HD + 31.25% GBM + 37.50% Awassi) and Linmer (50% Lincoln + 50% Merino) types. The research was performed between 1997 and 1999. Potential sires were selected based on their performance test results. The general linear model and Tukey's honestly significant difference test were used for statistical analyses. Year and genotype were introduced into the model as fixed factors and initial weight was introduced …

Prevalence Of Salmonella Serogroups In Chicken Meat, Gülşen Goncagül, Elçi̇n Günaydin, K. Tayfun Çarli

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Salmonella serogroups in chicken meat. A total of 315 skins from the wing part of chicken carcasses were collected from 8 chicken carcass retailers. Salmonella isolation was performed as described in the Bacteriological Analytical Manual of the Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Enteritidis (Salmonella Enteritidis) in Serogroup D was isolated from 27 out of 315 (8.57%) chicken carcass skins from the wing parts. Four out of 45 (8.88%), 3 out of 50 (6.00%), 12 out of 57 (21.05%), …

Sero-Prevalence Of Contagious Ecthyma In Lambs And Humans In Kars, Turkey, Hali̇l İbrahi̇m Gökce, Oktay Genç, Gürbüz Gökçe

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The sero-prevalence of contagious ecthyma (orf) in lambs and humans was studied in the Kars region of Turkey. For this purpose, serum samples were collected from 320 lambs from 5 different districts of the Kars region. Serum samples were also collected from 100 humans at risk of infection. The serum samples were tested for the presence of antibodies to orf virus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that 52.81% and 5% of the serum samples collected from lambs and humans, respectively, were seropositive for orf virus. These results indicate that contagious ecthyma is a prevalent infection in lambs …

Early Morphological Changes After Total Gastrectomy In The Rat Pancreas, Serpi̇l Ünver Saraydin, Emel Koptagel

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Total gastrectomy is widely used as a major surgical treatment for gastric cancer. The aims of this study were to investigate the possible effects of total gastrectomy on pancreas morphology, and to determine the immunolocalisation of chromogranin A (Cg A) and synaptophysin (SYP) antigens, described as specific tumour markers for neuroendocrine tumours. Ten rats underwent total gastrectomy via oesophago-duodenostomy. After a month the rats were killed, and tissue samples were taken from the pancreas, processed for light microscopy and stained with haematoxylin-eosin. In addition, 5-7 µm thick paraffin embedded tissue sections were immunohistochemically stained with Cg A and SYP. The …

The Histochemical And Ultrastructural Structures Of Avian Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Fiber Types And Changes In Them Caused By Water Copper Level, Fati̇me Geyi̇koğlu, Özgen Vuraler, Aysel Temelli̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The histochemical and ultrastructural effects of water Cu on the anterior latissimus dorsi (ALD) muscle of 120 newly hatched broilers were investigated in a 45-day experiment. Two doses of water Cu (250 mg Cu/kg water and 500 mg Cu/kg water) were given to the poults. Two distinct categories (IIIA and IIIB) of slow tonic fibers in the control groups were detected by enzyme reactions. The ultrastructure of the Z-line, mitochondrial content and sarcotubular content differed between the 2 fiber types. In the application of 250 mg Cu/kg water, the histochemical characteristics of the IIIB fibers were clearly different from those …

Effects Of Heavy Metal Accumulation On The 96-H Lc_50 Values In Tench Tinca Tinca L., 1758, Syed Lal Shah, Ahmet Altindağ

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The effects of already accumulated heavy metals (Hg, Cd, Pb) in the body of tench on the 96-h LC_50 values of the respective heavy metals were studied. The body concentration of mercury, cadmium and lead was 0.011, 0.32 and 1.59 mg/g respectively, and their 96-h LC_50 values were 1.0, 6.5 and 300.0, ppm, respectively. The general accumulation order of heavy metals and their respective 96-h LC_50 values were Hg< Cd< Pb. It was observed that the fish with lowest body concentration of heavy metal showed the lowest 96-h LC_50 value of the respective heavy metal and vice versa. This close relationship showed that the previous body accumulation of heavy metals has a direct effect on the 96-h LC_50 values of the respective heavy metals and the susceptibility of fish.

The Red Blood Cell Membrane Proteins In Rabbits With Experimental Ketosis, Sefa Çeli̇k, Hi̇lal Karagül

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study investigated the effects of experimentally induced ketosis on erythrocyte membrane proteins in rabbits by sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The animals were allocated to 2 groups; ketosis and control. The experiment was lasted 13 days. Food was withheld for 5 days in the ketosis group, and then the animals were fed for 8 days. The control group was fed standard rabbit rations. Erythrocyte membrane proteins were isolated from the blood, and analyzed by SDS-PAGE using 10% (w/v) acrylamide monomer. Erythrocyte membrane proteins separated on the polyacrylamide gel were quantified by densitometry. Band 3 and actin on day …

Research On The Factors Affecting Cholesterol Content And Some Other Characteristics Of Eggs In Laying Hens The Effects Of Genotype And Rearing System, Hati̇ce Basmacioğlu, Mustafa Ergül

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The effects of the age of the hen, genotype, rearing system and dietary structure on egg and serum cholesterol content and some other characteristics of eggs were investigated in laying hens. However, only the findings related to genotype and rearing system are given. A total of 840 hens, 21weeks of age and consisting of 400 white layers (Babcock-300) and 440 brown layers (IsaBrown) were used. The 2 genotypes had been housed in different rearing systems, floor pens and cages. Ten different feed groups consisting of controls (I and II), 2% and 4% fiber increment (III, IV, V and VI), 2% …

The Results Of Phacofragmentation And Aspiration Surgery For Cataract Extraction In Dogs, Fatma Eser Özgenci̇l

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Cataract surgery was planned on 41 ERG positive eyes of 25 dogs of which 9 had unilateral and 16 had bilateral cataracts. Phacofragmentation and aspiration surgery was performed on 32 eyes of 20 dogs (and ECCE was performed on 4 eyes and ICCE was performed on 5 eyes of 5 dogs) of different breeds, sexes and ages. Vision restoration and complications were evaluated postoperatively in the short term (4 weeks). Mean age of the 20 dogs was 7.3 years. Stages of cataracts were classified as mature (n: 17), immature (n: 8) and intumescent (n: 7). While the mean phacoemulsification time …

The Prevalence Of Strongyle Infections And Persistent Efficacy Of Pyrantel Embonate, Ivermectin And Moxidectin In Turkish Horses, Veli̇ Yilgör Çirak, Ender Güleğen, Christian Bauer

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Strongyle infection was detected in 68% of 320 horses from 9 farms in western Turkey. Egg counts per gram of faeces (EPG) were more than 950 in half of the animals. The persistent efficacy of 3 different anthelmintics to suppress cyathostome EPG was compared on a horse farm. One group of horses was treated with moxidectin on day 0, and the 2 other groups received pyrantel embonate or ivermectin on days 0 and 70. Pyrantel embonate reduced the EPG by >90% for 2 weeks; thereafter egg counts steadily increased. Ivermectin reduced the EPG by >98% for up to 6 weeks. …

Conjugated Linoleic Acid: Chemical Structure, Sources And Biological Properties, Rahi̇m Aydin

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a group of geometrical and positional isomers of linoleic acid (C18:2, cis-9, cis-12). In contrast to linoleic acid, double bonds in CLA are usually located at positions 9 and 11 or 10 and 12 and each double bond can be either in the cis or trans configuration. Meat and dairy products from ruminant animals (such as milk, butter, yogurt and cheese) are the principal natural sources of CLA in the human diet. Egg and meat products from poultry contain less CLA than meat from ruminant animals (0.6 and 0.9 mg/g fat vs. 2.9 to 5.6 …

Immunohistochemical Identification Of Peptide Hormones In The Endocrine Cells Of The Gastrointestinal Tract Of The Oreochromis Niloticus, Berri̇n Gençer Tarakçi, Si̇bel Şi̇mşek Köprücü, Kenan Köprücü

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The endocrine cells of gastrointestinal tract of the Oreochromis niloticus were investigated using immunohistochemical techniques. 8 antisera were tested and 3 immunoreactivities were detected: Serotonin, glucagon and somatostatin immunoreactive cells. Substance P, insulin, gastrin, calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) and calbindin immunoreactive cells were not found.

Production Characteristics And Changes In Fatty Acids Profiles Of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Using Algae As A Food Source In Partitioned Aquaculture System, Alp Yalçin Tepe

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Small (57.56 ± 0.03 g) and large (172.46 ± 1.14 g) Nile tilapia fingerlings (Oreochromis niloticus) were stocked in six 0.15 ha partitioned aquaculture system (PAS) units on May 1 1997 at a rate of 100 kg/0.15 ha (low density) and 200 kg/0.15 ha (high density) in triplicate to determine the growth rates and production characteristics and the changes in fatty acid profiles of the fish. The primary food source for the 152-day rearing period available to the fish confined within the raceway sections was planktonic algae and to a lesser extent zooplankton and possibly drifting invertebrates. At harvest the …