Digital Commons Network^™

A Positive Right To Protection For Children, Tamar Ezer

Articles

Concepts that are useful in other areas of human rights break down in the context of children. Because children are dependent on adults for their development, they are an anomaly in the liberal legal order, which views negative rights as implying fully rational, autonomous individuals that can exercise free choice. This Article argues for a positive right to protection for children, rooted in dignity, by probing the problematic nature of the positive/negative rights duality and exploring alternate legal approaches to protecting children 's rights in both international and comparative law. The adoption of positive rights for children would help assure …

What's Happening: January, 2004, Maine Medical Center

What's Happening

No abstract provided.

Renal Basolateral Transport Of Glucuronides And Other Organic Anions In Rat In Vitro Models, Sarah L. Miles

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Glucuronidation is a common Phase II biotransformation reaction that increases the hydrophilicity, and thus elimination, of toxins, xenobiotics, and endogenous compounds. Previous studies suggest that the kidney can secrete glucuronide conjugates, but the renal transport mechanisms for glucuronide secretion have not been determined. Based on the chemical nature of glucuronide metabolites, it is hypothesized that organic anion transporter (OAT) proteins along the basolateral membrane of the renal proximal tubule promote renal accumulation of glucuronide conjugates. The purpose of this study was to develop a rat renal proximal tubule model which demonstrates OAT activity and by which the contribution of OAT …

Integrated Allosteric Regulation In The S. Cerevisiae Carbamylphosphate Synthetase – Aspartate Transcarbamylase Multifunctional Protein, Valã©Rie Serre, Bernadette Penverne, Jean-Luc Souciet, Serge Potier, Hedeel Guy, David Evans, Patrick Vicart, Guy Hervã©

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

The S. cerevisiae carbamylphosphate synthetase – aspartate transcarbamylase multifunctional protein catalyses the first two reactions of the pyrimidine pathway. In this organism, these two reactions are feedback inhibited by the end product UTP. In the present work, the mechanisms of these integrated inhibitions were studied.

Results

The results obtained show that the inhibition is competitive in the case of carbamylphosphate synthetase and non-competitive in the case of aspartate transcarbamylase. They also identify the substrate whose binding is altered by this nucleotide and the step of the carbamylphosphate synthetase reaction which is inhibited. Furthermore, the structure of the domains …

Translation Research: From Accurate Diagnosis To Appropriate Treatment, Craig P. Webb, Harvey I. Pass

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

This review article focuses on the various aspects of translational research, where research on human subjects can ultimately enhance the diagnosis and treatment of future patients. While we will use specific examples relating to the asbestos related cancer mesothelioma, it should be stressed that the general approach outlined throughout this review is readily applicable to other diseases with an underlying molecular basis. Through the integration of molecular-based technologies, systematic tissue procurement and medical informatics, we now have the ability to identify clinically applicable "genotype"-"phenotype" associations across cohorts of patients that can rapidly be translated into useful diagnostic and treatment …

Faculty Publications And Creative Works 2004, Office Of The Vice President For Research

Office of the Vice President for Research

Faculty Publications & Creative Works is an annual compendium of scholarly and creative activities of University of New Mexico faculty during the noted calendar year. Published by the Office of the Vice President for Research and Economic Development, it serves to illustrate the robust and active intellectual pursuits conducted by the faculty in support of teaching and research at UNM.

2004 Annual Report, The Jackson Laboratory

Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

Wenda Gu: Art From Middle Kingdom To Biological Millennium By Mark H.C. Bessire [Book Review], Ellen Corrigan

Faculty & Staff Research & Creative Activity

Review of: Wenda Gu: Art from Middle Kingdom to Biological Millennium edited by Mark H.C. Bessire (MIT Press, 2003)

Department Of Veterinary And Biomedical Sciences 2004 Annual Report

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Information and History

Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Personnel
VBMS Teaching Program
VBMS Research Program
International Activities, 2004
Veterinary Extension Program. 2004
VBMS Grants and Contracts Program. 2004
Refereed Publications by VBMS Faculty in 2004
Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences. Selected Committees, Editorial and Other Appointments. 2004
Articles Regarding the Department in 2004
Departmental Budget Summaries. 2004
Nebraska Agricultural Statistics. 2003/2004

Primaquine Therapy For Malaria, J. Kevin Baird, Stephen L. Hoffman

United States Public Health Resources

Primaquine is the only available drug for preventing relapse of malaria, and confusion surrounds its use. This review examines the wide range of clinical applications of primaquine described in the medical literature between 1946 and 2004. The risk of relapse of Plasmodium vivax malaria without primaquine therapy ranged from 5% to 80% or more, depending largely upon geographic location. Supervision of therapy profoundly impacts the risk of relapse, and almost all reports of malaria resistant to primaquine are associated with lack of such supervision. We nonetheless suspect that there is widespread resistance to the standard course of primaquine therapy, which …

Does Breastfeeding Protect Against Pediatric Overweight? Analysis Of Longitudinal Data From The Centers For Disease Control And Prevention Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance System, Laurence M. Grummer-Strawn, Zuguo Mei

United States Public Health Resources

Objective. To examine whether increasing duration of breastfeeding is associated with a lower risk of overweight in a low-income population of 4-yearolds in the United States.

Methods. Visit data were linked to determine prospectively the duration of breastfeeding (up to 2 years of age) and weight status at 4 years of age. Overweight among 4-year-old children was defined as a body mass index (BMI)-for-age at or above the 95th percentile based on the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts. Logistic regression was performed, controlling for gender, race/ethnicity, and birth weight. In a subset of states, links to …

Wif-B Cells As A Model For Alcohol-Induced Hepatocyte Injury, Courtney S. Schaffert, Sandra L. Todero, Benita L. Mcvicker, Pamela L. Tuma, Michael F. Sorrell, Dean J. Tuma

United States Public Health Resources

A potential in vitro model for studying the mechanisms of alcohol-induced hepatocyte injury is the WIF-B cell line. It has many hepatocyte-like features, including a differentiated, polarized phenotype resulting in formation of bile canaliculi. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of ethanol treatment on this cell line. WIF-B cells were cultured up to 96 h in the absence or presence of 25 mM ethanol and subsequently were analyzed for ethanol-induced physiological and morphological changes. Initial studies revealed WIF-B cells exhibited alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity, expressed cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1), and efficiently metabolized ethanol in culture. This cell …

Natural And Technologic Hazardous Material Releases During And After Natural Disasters: A Review, Stacy Young, Lina Balluz, Josephine Malilay

United States Public Health Resources

Natural disasters may be powerful and prominent mechanisms of direct and indirect hazardous material (hazmat) releases. Hazardous materials that are released as the result of a technologic malfunction precipitated by a natural event are referred to as natural-technologic or na-tech events. Na-tech events pose unique environmental and human hazards. Disaster-associated hazardous material releases are of concern, given increases in population density and accelerating industrial development in areas subject to natural disasters. These trends increase the probability of catastrophic future disasters and the potential for mass human exposure to hazardous materials released during disasters. This systematic review summarizes direct and indirect …

Real-Time Fluorescence Pcr Assays For Detection And Characterization Of Heat-Labile I And Heat-Stable I Enterotoxin Genes From Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli, Udo Reischl, Mohammad T. Youssef, Hans Wolf, Eija Hyytia-Trees, Nancy A. Strockbine

United States Public Health Resources

To facilitate the diagnosis of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infections in humans, we developed and evaluated real-time fluorescence PCR assays for the Roche LightCycler (LC) against the enterotoxin genes commonly present in strains associated with human illness. Separate LC-PCR assays with identical cycling conditions were designed for the type I heat-labile enterotoxin (LT I) and the type I heat-stable enterotoxin (ST I) genes, using the LC hybridization probe format. A duplex assay for ST I with two sets of amplification primers and three hybridization probes was required to detect the major nucleotide sequence variants of ST I, ST Ia and …

West Nile Virus Blood Transfusion-Related Infection Despite Nucleic Acid Testing, Alexandre Macedo De Oliveira, Brady D. Beecham, Susan P. Montgomery, Robert S. Lanciotti, Jeffrey M. Linnen, Cristina Giachetti, Larry A. Pietrelli, Susan L. Stramer, Thomas J. Safranek

United States Public Health Resources

BACKGROUND: A case of West Nile virus (WNV) encephalitis associated with transfusion of blood that did not react when tested for WNV by minipool (MP) nucleic acid testing (NAT) is described. A Nebraska man developed clinical encephalitis 13 days after surgery and transfusion of 26 blood components. Antibody testing confirmed WNV infection. An investigation was initiated to determine the source of this infection.

STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The patient’s family members were interviewed to identify risk factors for WNV infection. Residual samples were retested for WNV RNA using transcription-mediated amplification (TMA) assay and two polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. …

Chloroquine Resistance In Plasmodium Vivax, J. Kevin Baird

United States Public Health Resources

Emerging resistance to chloroquine (CQ) by Plasmodium vivax threatens the health of the hundreds of millions of people routinely exposed to the risk of infection with this organism. CQ has been the first-line therapy for vivax malaria since 1946 (32, 115). Plasmodium falciparum developed resistance to CQ in the 1950s (110), and today it occurs globally (91). Resistance by P. vivax was unknown until 1989, when Australians repatriated from Papua New Guinea failed routine treatment (94). Subsequent reports affirmed that finding, and CQ-resistant P. vivax (CRPV) was reported from Indonesia (8, 35, 99, 100, 111). Reports from Myanmar (76, 82) …

Agricultural Pesticide Use And Adenocarcinomas Of The Stomach And Oesophagus, W. J. Lee, W. Lijinsky, E. F. Heineman, R. S. Markin, D. D. Weisenburger, M. H. Ward

United States Public Health Resources

Aims: To evaluate the risk of the stomach and oesophageal adenocarcinomas associated with farming and agricultural pesticide use.
Methods: Population based case-control study in eastern Nebraska. Telephone interviews were conducted with men and women diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of the stomach (n = 170) or oesophagus (n = 137) between 1988 and 1993, and controls (n = 502) randomly selected from the same geographical area. Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for farming and for use of individual and chemical classes of insecticides and herbicides, including pesticides classified as nitrosatable (able to form N-nitroso compounds on …

Molecular Characterization Of Noroviruses Detected In Diarrheic Stools Of Michigan And Wisconsin Dairy Calves: Circulation Of Two Distinct Subgroups, Annabel G. Wise, Stephan S. Monroe, Lora E. Hanson, Daniel L. Grooms, Donald Sockett, Roger K. Maes

United States Public Health Resources

Noroviruses have emerged as the leading worldwide cause of acute non-bacterial gastroenteritis in humans. The presence of noroviruses in diarrheic stool samples from calves on Michigan and Wisconsin dairy farms was investigated by RT-PCR. Norovirus-positive samples were found on all eight farms studied in Michigan and on 2 out of 14 farms in Wisconsin. Phylogenetic analyses of partial polymerase and capsid sequences, derived for a subset of these bovine noroviruses, showed that these strains formed a group which is genetically distinct from the human noroviruses, but more closely related to genogroup I than to genogroup II human noroviruses. Examination of …

The Social Effects Of Psychism: Spiritual Experience And The Construction Of Privatized Religion, Marty Laubach

Sociology and Anthropology Faculty Research

What is the relationship between spiritual experiences and privatized religion? This study defines spiritual experiences in terms of “psychism,” or psychic intrusions in the stream of consciousness that are not perceived by the actor as originating within the “self.” Intrusions interpreted as psychism are regarded by the actor as having the same facticity as empirical experience and are regarded as “proof” of an esoteric belief system. Psychism originated beliefs are therefore resistant to refutation or change, and support spiritual autonomy. Psychism theory is tested using 1988 GSS data on religious beliefs, where psychism is measured using GSS questions on “paranormal” …

Anth 265.01: Human Sexuality, Kimber Haddix Mckay, David Garry Kerr

University of Montana Course Syllabi

No abstract provided.

Survival Of Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis In The Pol, John Rumsey

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) is an intracellular pathogen that is known to parasitize macrophages and monocytes. Map infiltrates gastrointestinal tract host tissue where it is the known etiological agent of johne's disease in ruminants and implicated in the etiology of crohn's disease in humans. Map's ability to survive within macrophages enables it to disseminate throughout the rest of the host, possibly infecting other circulating blood leukocytes. In this study, the survival and fate of map strain atcc 43015 (human isolate) following phagocytosis was determined using in vitro murine macrophage cell line j774a.1 and polymorphonuclear cells (pmnc's) from five crohn's …

Cd 610 Moral Development, Chris Kiesling

Syllabi

James C. Wilhoit and John M. Dettoni. Nurture that is Christian: Developmental Perspectives on Christian Education. Wheaton: Victor Books, 1995. Reading Packet for Moral Development (available at the bookstore, though it may be delayed beyond the first week of class). James Fowler. Faithful Change: The Personal and Public Challenges of Postmodern Life. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1996. Jean Piaget, The Moral Judgment of the Child. New York, Free Press, 1965. E Stanley Jones, The Christ of the Mount. Choose one from the following: (I recommend The Great Divorce for this class, but I am open to these other substitutions if they …

The Ecology Of Drift Algae In The Indian River Lagoon, Florida, Julie Lynnae Liss

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

To gain an understanding of the ecology of drift algae in the Indian River Lagoon system along the east coast of central Florida, four questions were addressed: 1) What is the composition and rate of accumulation of drift? 2) How much movement and turnover occurs within drift accumulations? 3) Do growth rates differ for drift versus attached algae? 4) Is there a difference in photosynthetic performance in drift versus attached algal species? Manipulative field and laboratory experiments were conducted to address these questions with the green macroalga Codium decorticatum and the red macroalga Gracilaria tikvahiae. Changes in pigment concentration and …

Washington University Magazine, Fall 2004

Washington University Magazine

No abstract provided.

Washington University Magazine, Winter 2004

Washington University Magazine

No abstract provided.

Gated Electron Transfer As A Probe Of The Configurational Dynamics Of Peptide−Protein Complexes, Liu Liu, Jing Hong, Michael Y. Ogawa

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Gated electron-transfer measurements are used to probe the configurational dynamics of complexes formed between small metallopeptides and cytochrome c. The results show that that an apparently subtle chemical alteration of the metallopeptide produces significant changes to the dynamics of the peptide−protein complex.

Cd 610 Moral Development, Chris Kiesling

Syllabi

James C. Wilhoit and John M. Dettoni. Nurture that is Christian: Developmental Perspectives on Christian Education. Wheaton: Victor Books, 1995. Reading Packet for Moral Development (available at the bookstore, though it may be delayed beyond the first week of class). James Fowler. Faithful Change: The Personal and Public Challenges of Postmodern Life. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1996. Jean Piaget, The Moral Judgment of the Child. New York, Free Press, 1965. E Stanley Jones, The Christ of the Mount. Choose one from the following: (I recommend The Great Divorce for this class, but I am open to these other substitutions if they …

Undergraduate Catalog - The School Year 2003-2004, Prairie View A&M University

Undergraduate Catalog

No abstract provided.

Research Annual Report 2003, Children's Mercy Hospital

Research Annual Reports

Annual report of the research at Children's Mercy Hospital in Kansas City MO, a pediatric medical center.

Risk Of Disease From Wildlife Reservoirs: Badgers, Cattle, And Bovine Tuberculosis, M. Scantlebury, M. R. Hutchings, D. J. Allcroft, S. Harris

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Livestock face complex foraging options associated with optimizing nutrient intake while being able to avoid areas posing risk of parasites or disease. Areas of tall nutrient-rich swards around fecal deposits may be attractive for grazing, but might incur fitness costs from parasites. We use the example of dairy cattle and the risks of tuberculosis transmission posed to them by pastures contaminated with badger excreta to examine this trade-off. A risk may be posed either by aerosolized inhalation through investigation or by ingestion via grazing contaminated swards. We quantified the levels of investigation and grazing of 150 dairy cows at badger …