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2004

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Circa (Computer Interactive Reminiscence And Conversation Aid): The Collaborative Research Process In Context Challenge., Gary Gowans, Jim Campbell Nov 2004

Circa (Computer Interactive Reminiscence And Conversation Aid): The Collaborative Research Process In Context Challenge., Gary Gowans, Jim Campbell

DRS Biennial Conference Series

There are estimated to be more than eighteen million Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) sufferers worldwide. Other dementia related clinical condi tions would significantly expand this estimation, and with human populations progressively becoming older, the incidence of age-related cognitive impairment is set to grow proportionately. Quality of reminiscence therapy can vary enormously depending upon many variables e.g. availability of resources, location, type of care environment etc. Current practice often relies upon physical props, e.g. old photo-albums.

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The Relationship Between Package Visual Design Of Green Products And Consumer Behavior - An Example Of Green Laundry Detergent Package., Chen-Fu (Daniel) Chen, Yian-Lin Ling Nov 2004

The Relationship Between Package Visual Design Of Green Products And Consumer Behavior - An Example Of Green Laundry Detergent Package., Chen-Fu (Daniel) Chen, Yian-Lin Ling

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This research explains the specific relationship between consumer buying behavior and the package visual design. This research involves a questionnaire survey of consumers through the package visual design of green products with the Eco-label in Taiwan. The laundry detergent product category has been selected for the sample. The related research issues, such as functions of product package, green package design, definitions of green products, and green consumption, are also discussed. This research has explained the influential factors, including both categories of aesthetic and environmental appeal factors, to the green package visual design of the laundry detergent, which may help designers …

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Trial-And-Error-Based Innovation: Rapid Materialisation As Catalyser Of Perception And Communication In Design., Jan Capjon Nov 2004

Trial-And-Error-Based Innovation: Rapid Materialisation As Catalyser Of Perception And Communication In Design., Jan Capjon

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Design theory of the 1970s tried to map generalised approaches to design action (Cross et al. 1984), an endeavour which seems to have more or less evaporated in postmodern contextualisation. Can some common ground for making still be sketched – or will a future ground of designing only imply diversification? In my doctoral thesis (Capjon 2004) I have tried to map an effective landscape of design action which is shared by all collaborating actors regardless of background and have called its metaphorical depiction the Plant of Emerging Materiality– or PoEM. Its development is based on the capabilities of Rapid Prototyping …

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The Comparison Between Novice And Expert Designers' Sketching In Conceptual Design., Hui-Hsia Chen, Manlai You Nov 2004

The Comparison Between Novice And Expert Designers' Sketching In Conceptual Design., Hui-Hsia Chen, Manlai You

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In many literature reviews, we find that sketching is confirmed as an activity of generating and developing ideas. The sketching activity is also a key factor of influencing idea generation. However, the focus of conceptual design is to develop the promising new concepts. We are primarily interested in finding a creation process and thinking by analysis of sketching activity in conceptual design. The aim is to support the validation of the importance of the sketch in conceptual design and to further explore an appropriate method for improving the efficiency of ideation activities. In addition, it is important to find the …

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A Study Of Consumer Perception In Innovative Product., Rungtai Lin, Chia-Ling Chang, Yen-Yu Kang Nov 2004

A Study Of Consumer Perception In Innovative Product., Rungtai Lin, Chia-Ling Chang, Yen-Yu Kang

DRS Biennial Conference Series

With increasing global competition, innovative products are not merely desirable for a company; rather, they are mandatory. In today’s intensely competitive business climate, innovation becomes central in product development. To be successful, innovative products must have a clear, significant, point of difference that is related to a need in the market place. Furthermore, changes in consumer perception regarding innovation are also important in product design. The main purpose of this work is to study factors affecting designers’ and users’ perception in innovation; these factors are discussed in order to eliminate differences between designers’ and users’ perception of innovative products. Subjects …

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Intuitive Interaction With Complex Artefacts., Alethea Blackler, Vesna Popovic, Douglas Mahar Nov 2004

Intuitive Interaction With Complex Artefacts., Alethea Blackler, Vesna Popovic, Douglas Mahar

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper addresses the application of intuitive interaction to interface design. Intuition is based on experiential knowledge and people can only use intuitive processing if they have previous experience to draw on. Previous research has revealed that prior knowledge of features of a digital camera and a universal remote control allowed participants to use those features intuitively. An experiment was conducted to test various interfaces applied to the universal remote control. The interfaces were designed according to principles developed previously. Users were video recorded doing set tasks with one of the four remote control interfaces. The video data were later …

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A Cross-Cultural Study On Colour Emotion And Colour Harmony., Li-Chen Ou, Ming Ronnier Luo, Guihua Cui, Angela Wright, Andrée Woodcock, Monica Billger, Beata Stahre, Rafael Huertas, Alain Tremeau, Eric Dinet, Klaus Richter Nov 2004

A Cross-Cultural Study On Colour Emotion And Colour Harmony., Li-Chen Ou, Ming Ronnier Luo, Guihua Cui, Angela Wright, Andrée Woodcock, Monica Billger, Beata Stahre, Rafael Huertas, Alain Tremeau, Eric Dinet, Klaus Richter

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This study investigates: (a) the relationship between colour combinations and adjective combinations and (b) to verify the colour harmony theory developed by Angela Wright (called the Wright theory in this study). Two experiments were carried out with subjects from the following six countries: Britain, China, France, Germany, Spain, and Sweden. In Experiment 1, 100 adjectives and 32 colours were used as stimuli presented on a calibrated Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) monitor. All the colour stimuli were selected evenly from four colour groups, CG 1 to CG 4, which were defined according to the Wright theory, and so were the adjectives, …

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Design And Morals In The Globalized Context., Robert Nelson Nov 2004

Design And Morals In The Globalized Context., Robert Nelson

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The paper sets out to: • describe globalization in the context of product design, visual communication and multimedia; • describe the elements of design that matter in a moral sense and those that do not; • assess the vulnerability of design to pressure to become a promotional organ of global vanity; • explain the reluctance of authors to adopt a critical stance with regard to the vanity of many products; • identify the problems besetting design discourse, which cause it to be largely mute in the evaluation of design in the context of cultural life; and, • investigate the methodological …

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Driving Experience And The Effect Of Challenging Interactions In High Traffic Context., Rafael Gomez, Vesna Popovic, Sam Bucolo Nov 2004

Driving Experience And The Effect Of Challenging Interactions In High Traffic Context., Rafael Gomez, Vesna Popovic, Sam Bucolo

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper focuses on exploring the emotional experience of driving and aims to identify some of the aspects that may influence this experience. The paper presents an exploratory study focusing on the driver’s experience during interaction with the vehicle interface while driving. The study is based on a data triangulation approach including interviews, observation, and think-aloud protocol. Preliminary analysis of the study provided encouraging indicative findings, identifying aspects of design that enhance and/or detract from the driving experience. Previous analysis suggests that context and situation have a dominant impact on the driving experience. Further analysis has shown that challenges with …

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Reading Digital Clones In The Conservation Process., Matthew Cooke Nov 2004

Reading Digital Clones In The Conservation Process., Matthew Cooke

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper explores notions of ‘the virtual facsimile’, the copy and representation at a practice-oriented level and discusses them with relation to notions of ‘tracking’, ‘recording’ and ‘annotating’ design and design history through digital means. It begins by asking the question: if previsualisation software packages are useful in the representation phase of a construction project, how useful are they as markers and postvisualisation tools for pre-existing structures? Indeed, once modelled, how far departed from the original is the facsimile? Is it possible to extend the usefulness of these tools to include the representation of that which is already built and …

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Disciplining Creativity: Neoliberalism And Design Education In New Zealand., Amanda Bill Nov 2004

Disciplining Creativity: Neoliberalism And Design Education In New Zealand., Amanda Bill

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Two decades of educational reform in New Zealand have resulted in one of the most market-oriented regimes of higher education in the OECD. In this environment, enrolments in design and other creative degree courses that seem to provide an opportunity for individual expression and self-development have greatly increased. However, representatives of traditional industry sectors complain that there are hardly any jobs for these graduates, and little in the way of career paths. The situation thus seems to confound human capital approaches to education policy, in which tactics such as high fees and student loans are meant to exert a conservative …

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Design For Uncertainty., Dirk Pons Nov 2004

Design For Uncertainty., Dirk Pons

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The development of engineering systems, whether those systems be products, plant or services, is a complex activity. The systems themselves are becoming more rather than less complex. Partly this arises from the need to optimise multiple system attributes including function, cost, resource usage, and style, among others. Also, most significant engineering projects involve diverse activities (including design, risk assessment, decision making, construction, and ongoing operation), and these invariably require teams of people with different skills. In turn that diversity requires effective management and leadership. Furthermore, the addition of electronic functionality and active control systems adds functionality but also introduces complex …

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The Influence Of Communication Environment To The Brainstorming Practice., Yi-Han Hu, Chi-Hsien Hsu, Chun-Di Chen Nov 2004

The Influence Of Communication Environment To The Brainstorming Practice., Yi-Han Hu, Chi-Hsien Hsu, Chun-Di Chen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Team work is not new for an organization to enhance the quality and quantity of the answer against the problem [1]. Increasingly, the completion of design work needs group’s effort, leading the request of communication tools to reduce the cost and time for traveling to place the face-to-face discussion. Many studies have devoted to the field using computer-mediated communication tools to support cooperative design work. On the other hand, the utilization of brainstorming in producing many ideas has been recognized. The pervasive usage of telecommunication tools and brainstorming in design work prompts an interest about how brainstorming is conducted over …

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Environ-Mental., Bev Lamey, Carol Bristow Nov 2004

Environ-Mental., Bev Lamey, Carol Bristow

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Loony Bins and madhouses; does the environment contribute to the wellbeing of mental health patients (clients)? Have the large Victorian asylums, where patients were hidden from public view, disappeared? Evidence suggests otherwise. People struggling with the distress and disruptive consequences of mental illness, are still kept in oppressive, unsympathetic environments. Research into patient focussed design and architecture has concentrated on physical health care environments and ignored psychiatric health care. As a result many psychiatric patients are still housed (and locked up) in former asylums with their outdated facilities and arrangements. The "Environ-mental" project and SEED is about design for wellbeing …

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A Differential Study On The Influence Of Prior Experience And Visual Stimuli In Idea Generation With Analogy Method., Ku Feng Yen, Tze Hsun Wang, Kai Ming Liu, Chun Di Chen Nov 2004

A Differential Study On The Influence Of Prior Experience And Visual Stimuli In Idea Generation With Analogy Method., Ku Feng Yen, Tze Hsun Wang, Kai Ming Liu, Chun Di Chen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

One of the purposes of design education is to teach designers to employ their prior knowledge and experience to solve problems encountered in the design process, thus making the process more efficient. Design techniques, however, are to improve on design ability through simple and easy learning rules in design education. This study targets the most challenging phase in the design process, idea generation and modification, by emphasizing association and analogical deduction method. Contemporary contributions in the literature on design methods mostly favour descriptions of implementation manners, contents, procedures, and advantages or disadvantages; few rely upon actual design tasks to illustrate …

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User Preferences For Personalities Of Entertainment Robots According To The Users' Psychological Types., Sona Kwak, Myung-Suk Kim Nov 2004

User Preferences For Personalities Of Entertainment Robots According To The Users' Psychological Types., Sona Kwak, Myung-Suk Kim

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The purpose of this paper is to suggest a design process for constructing personality of an entertainment robot based on psychological types, and investigate user preferences for robot personalities according to the users’ psychological types. In this study, four temperaments derived from 16 personality types in a psychological type indicator, MBTI (Myers Briggs Type Indicator), were applied to design the personality of an entertainment robot. The case study and experiment yielded several results. First, the major experimenters match reactions with robot temperaments. From this result, we could see that robot temperaments are useful guidelines to design the entertainment robot’s personality. …

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The Role Of Occupational Communities In The Transmission And Embedding Of Design Innovation: A Conceptual Framework., Philippa Ashton Nov 2004

The Role Of Occupational Communities In The Transmission And Embedding Of Design Innovation: A Conceptual Framework., Philippa Ashton

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper will explore social relationships as essential to the ability of organisations and the occupational communities within which they sit, to acquire and embed design innovation. The tacit qualities of design mean that social contact is required to enable the transmission and embedding of design innovation. The paper is focussed on selected literature that investigates this concept and commonly cited features and mechanisms for innovation and design knowledge transfer, are then built into a conceptual model applicable to design communities. The topic has particular relevance because of the growth of many publicly funded initiatives in the UK which attempt …

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Identification Of Graphic Character Influenced By The Design Of Characteristic Features., Regina Wang, Ting Chien Lin Nov 2004

Identification Of Graphic Character Influenced By The Design Of Characteristic Features., Regina Wang, Ting Chien Lin

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Graphic design of character has been included one of the main factors in corporate identity system. It makes people to create an interactive connection of emotions in addition to enhance brand loyalty though its gratifying appearance. The characteristic feature performs the important role during the graphic character is being designed. It is able to create clear memory and impression for observers if the features of character were illustrated. The core of the investigation is to clarify the characteristic features demanded in identifying a character and to find out the importance of them. It is found that at least five characteristics …

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Methods For Experience Design: The Experience Design Framework., John Knight, Marie Jefsioutine Nov 2004

Methods For Experience Design: The Experience Design Framework., John Knight, Marie Jefsioutine

DRS Biennial Conference Series

User-Lab provides user centred design services and carries out academic research. This paper describes the development of the Experience Design Framework (EDF) resulting from the interaction between the Lab’s academic and commercial activities. The authors identified a range of negative attitudes to usability suggesting many practitioners did not perceive methods as relevant or useful. The EDF evolved out of an attempt to find methods that were more sympathetic to the concerns and needs of designers and business. The EDF broadens the focus of methods from usability to include accessibility, engagability and benefit. It is based on the idea that this …

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Fragments, Signs, Systems: Research Into Collaborative Innovation., Jan Coker Nov 2004

Fragments, Signs, Systems: Research Into Collaborative Innovation., Jan Coker

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper briefly discusses FRAGMENTS of insight resulting from my research into the design of a curriculum for collaborative innovation. In this curriculum diagrams are employed as visual SIGNS that represent diverse understanding of a problem, they are used by student designers to negotiate the collaborative innovative space. Any design can be viewed as a SYSTEM but the “wicked” problems described later in this paper exist in a globalizing and international context and may now offer opportunities for design of systems solutions that foster social and ecological sustainability.

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Visual/Verbal Meaning Collaboration In Redefining Interplay., Susan Hagan Nov 2004

Visual/Verbal Meaning Collaboration In Redefining Interplay., Susan Hagan

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The study of visual/verbal design has not yet resulted in effective principles of practice and analysis for the designer because our reigning perspectives either recast visual messages as objects to be “read,” reduce textual elements to unexamined “background material,” or remove message interests altogether in order to focus on the “presentation” of ideas separated from the ideas themselves. Given particular goals, these reducibility assumptions can yield reasonable, if incomplete, analyses. This fact explains both the persistence and popularity of these assumptions in light of their limitations. However, these assumptions ignore the status of visual and verbal elements as sui generis …

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Profiling The Designer: How Are The Design Professions Perceived?, T W Allan Whitfield, Gillian Smith Nov 2004

Profiling The Designer: How Are The Design Professions Perceived?, T W Allan Whitfield, Gillian Smith

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper draws upon the results of two large-scale investigations into the public’s perceptions of the design professions. The first was a comparative study involving matched samples of Australians and South Koreans. Carried out within the framework of occupational prestige assessment (e.g. Daniel, 1983), it sought to position the design professions in terms of social standing relative to a range of other professions and occupations. It also provided a comparison of how designers perceived themselves against how the public perceived them (Chung and Whitfield, 1999; Whitfield and Smith, 2003). The second was the most extensive field survey so far undertaken …

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An Eye Tracking Technique Towards Form Reasoning In Design Practices., Kuo-Jung Hsieh, Eleanor Jayne Browne Nov 2004

An Eye Tracking Technique Towards Form Reasoning In Design Practices., Kuo-Jung Hsieh, Eleanor Jayne Browne

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Question - how do individuals perceive visual forms in the indication of daily life interactions? The recording of eye movements during task operation can indicate levels of cognitive behaviours that have been considerably difficult to detect in the past. Fixation and saccades data which display ‘intention shift’ and ‘motor system drive’ illustrate how individuals interact with visual stimuli. Two experiments were coordinated to examine the possibility of visual form reasoning investigation in design applications. The broad results indicated that successful communication and decision-making were very likely comprised of three major elements – ‘stimulus presentation’, ‘context’ and ‘personal preference’. However, even …

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Designing In A Multicultural World., Konstantinos Syrmos, John Boult, Ray Holland Nov 2004

Designing In A Multicultural World., Konstantinos Syrmos, John Boult, Ray Holland

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The purpose of this study is to investigate a new paradigm in consumer behaviour, which is a conceptual framework to study how consumers behave through theoretical categories originating within different cultures. As individuals we belong to different cultures, but all of us belong to a cultural group called consumer culture, where design and branding play a major part when it comes to decision making. Today’s consumers are brand weary. They are surrounded by brands; they use brands and in many occasions identify themselves with the brand.

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Designerly Research: Towards Design's Own Research Paradigm., Fatina Saikaly Nov 2004

Designerly Research: Towards Design's Own Research Paradigm., Fatina Saikaly

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Design research draws on different research paradigms from both the sciences and the humanities. Two empirical works about design research at the doctoral level demonstrated the emergence of a research paradigm distinct from research in the sciences and the humanities. The first empirical work was a comparative study of ten Ph.D. programmes in design. The selected cases were from different geographical-cultural contexts. The study of each case was divided into three parts: the study of the programme, the study of a selected Ph.D. thesis and an interview with the coordinator of the programme or with a Ph.D. supervisor. The second …

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Using Music To Influence Creative And Critical Thinking., Kevin Hilton, Cathy Lockhart, A G Rodell, B Rodell Nov 2004

Using Music To Influence Creative And Critical Thinking., Kevin Hilton, Cathy Lockhart, A G Rodell, B Rodell

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper investigates the hypothesis that listening to music may influence responsiveness to creative or critical thinking tasks. It has been acknowledged that a driver’s attitude can change as a result of choice of music played during a journey, but is such an influence observable with cognitive tasks of a creative or critical nature? Certain types of music have been claimed to aid cognitive ability and skill development, though a number of follow-up research programmes have called the reliability of some of these tests into question. The term ‘Mozart Effect’ has been used in reference to a growing claim that …

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The Panoramic Narrative And The Production Of Historical Consciousness: This Is Australia., Denise Whitehouse Nov 2004

The Panoramic Narrative And The Production Of Historical Consciousness: This Is Australia., Denise Whitehouse

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper takes a cross-disciplinary approach drawing on developments in Australian historical and cultural studies to investigate the role of design in the production of national cultures and more specifically the construction of colonising histories. It argues that in modern settler nations such as Australia, graphic design has had a significant role in the shaping of the public imagination of nationhood. This paper investigates the historical involvement of the graphic designer in constructing the visual vocabulary and communication strategies of the modern panoramic narrative and its origins in 1930s when business and government turned to modern design to bring aesthetic …

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Morphing As A Tool For Exploring Affective Product Shapes., Lin-Lin Chen, Chun-Chi Yeh, Brandon Wong, Kun-An Hsiao Nov 2004

Morphing As A Tool For Exploring Affective Product Shapes., Lin-Lin Chen, Chun-Chi Yeh, Brandon Wong, Kun-An Hsiao

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Fierce competition in an increasingly fragmented market forces new products to be developed in rapid cycles for very specific groups of target customers. Automobiles, which used to spend five to seven years in development, are now developed in three to five years. For the highly competitive consumer electronics market, the situation is much worse: a mobile phone is often given merely three months for design and development. In many product categories, the market is flooded with numerous products that are almost indistinguishable in terms of functionality, quality, and usability. To stand out among such abundance of alternatives, a product must …

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Designing Transmutational Worlds In Game Space., Troy Innocent Nov 2004

Designing Transmutational Worlds In Game Space., Troy Innocent

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Digital games are often situated within interactive 3D spaces that create the feeling of being in ‘another world’. The limitations of realtime simulation make it necessary for compromises to made in the representation of game worlds – it is not possible to recreate every detail of ‘reality’ within these worlds. So, they are abstractions of reality that rely on the player’s mind to fill in the gaps. This paper looks at principles of world design for digital games in terms of the most significant elements needed to ‘create a world’ in the players mind. The player becomes the subject addressed …

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The Big Brand: Designing A National Identity System. A New Australian Flag And Supporting Ensigns., Russell Kennedy Nov 2004

The Big Brand: Designing A National Identity System. A New Australian Flag And Supporting Ensigns., Russell Kennedy

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The paper tests the Advance Australia National Flag in the context of an extended visual identity program. The colonial flag system used by the Britain to brand its empire has provided an insight into the possible implementation of any new Australian flag design. The flag of the colonising country assumes a position of dominance in the canton or first quarter. The individual symbol or badge of the colony is then positioned in the field (prominent back ground colour) of the flag. If it is important for Australia to retain its state flags then any new Australian flag design should consider …

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