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2004

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The Applicability Of A Habitat Rating System For Low Gradient Streams In Wisconsin To Low Gradient Coldwater Streams In Northern Michigan, Eric Lawrence Forward Dec 2004

The Applicability Of A Habitat Rating System For Low Gradient Streams In Wisconsin To Low Gradient Coldwater Streams In Northern Michigan, Eric Lawrence Forward

Masters Theses

Habitat and fish assemblage data were collected on 12 streams in northern Michigan to assess the applicability of a habitat rating system developed for low gradient streams in Wisconsin in determining stream health in low gradient coldwater streams in northern Michigan. An Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI) developed for coldwater streams in the upper Midwest was used as the measure of stream health. Principal components analysis was used to select a small subset of habitat variables to describe the variation in IBI scores. The seven habitat variables chosen to describe the variation in IBI scores in the final model included: …

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Manufacturing And Evaluation Of Structural Products With Recycled Polymers, Raghuram Phani Aditham Dec 2004

Manufacturing And Evaluation Of Structural Products With Recycled Polymers, Raghuram Phani Aditham

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The rapid growth of Wastes from Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) can be attributed to the rapid developments in technology, leading to reduction in service life to less than 2 years in certain products. Thermoplastics such as Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Polycarbonate (PC) form a significant percent of the Electronic Shredder Residue (ESR) that were used in this research to manufacture and evaluate structural products with recycled polymers.;In this research, offset blocks for highway and bridge guardrail systems were developed using recycled polymers reinforced with glass fabric as shell and discarded tire strips/wood as core materials. Optimum compression molding process parameters …

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Shrinkage And Strength Characterizations Of Concrete Containing Supplementary Cementing Materials, Aniruddha Chatterjee Dec 2004

Shrinkage And Strength Characterizations Of Concrete Containing Supplementary Cementing Materials, Aniruddha Chatterjee

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Considerable differences in drying shrinkage strains and compressive strengths are observed in HPC containing supplementary cementing materials from normal concrete (without any supplementary cementing material). The differences in these properties due to addition of supplementary cementing materials occur because of different quantity of C-S-H gel formation. This limits the application to HPC of standard prediction equation for shrinkage and strength of normal concrete.;Therefore in this study a novel technique has been used to estimate the C-S-H gel for cement pastes containing supplementary cementing materials in varying replacement proportions and combinations. New shrinkage and compressive strength models have been developed using …

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Comparison Of Chestnut Canker Treatment Procedures For Hypovirus Introduction, Brian C. Bell Dec 2004

Comparison Of Chestnut Canker Treatment Procedures For Hypovirus Introduction, Brian C. Bell

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Historically, hypovirulent strains of Cryphonectria parasitica have been introduced into cankers principally by inoculating wounds made to the margin of cankers. Twelve hypovirus introduction methods were tested. Seventy-two trees were inoculated in June 2002 with an orange-pigmented virulent strain of C. parasitica (two inoculations per tree). After 11 weeks, the resulting cankers were treated with a brown-pigmented hypovirulent C. parasitica isolate using one of the following methods: (1) a non-invasive treatment where the inoculum was painted onto the canker surface; (2) an invasive treatment where the canker face was wounded with a sharp blade prior to the painting application of …

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Identity Development And Empathy As Related To Creative Activity Participation, Shana L. Blackshire Dec 2004

Identity Development And Empathy As Related To Creative Activity Participation, Shana L. Blackshire

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The focus of this study was the associations between identity, empathy as an emotional construct, and participation in creatively focused activities among adolescents in a largely rural population. A series of measures to assess identity status, the ego strength of fidelity, empathy, and level of participation in creative activities were administered to 212 male and 320 female adolescents in grades nine through eleven at public high schools in Appalachia. Analyses indicated that while the expected relationship between creative activity participation and identity was not statistically significant, gender may heavily influence that relationship as a mediating variable. Empathy, however, was found …

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Potential Mechanisms Linking Nutrition And Neuroendocrine Control Of Reproduction In The Sheep, Adam Bradley Dobbins Dec 2004

Potential Mechanisms Linking Nutrition And Neuroendocrine Control Of Reproduction In The Sheep, Adam Bradley Dobbins

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Nutrition and reproduction are linked in that the nutritional status of an individual influences its reproductive performance, i.e. an individual in negative energy balance will have decreased ability to reproduce. The mechanisms in which nutrition influences reproduction are not understood. My data suggest that reductions in lutenizing hormone secretion resulting from photoperiod-induced increases in sensitivity to testosterone negative feedback may be mediated, at least in part, by elevated neuropeptide Y (NPY), a hypothalamic neuropeptide shown to alter gonadotropin releasing hormone release and potently affect food intake. The results from my second study support our hypothesis that the growth hormone mediated …

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Natural Gas Exploration Associated With Fracture Systems In Alleghenian Thrust Faults In The Greenbrier Formation, Southern West Virginia, Craig A. Edmonds Dec 2004

Natural Gas Exploration Associated With Fracture Systems In Alleghenian Thrust Faults In The Greenbrier Formation, Southern West Virginia, Craig A. Edmonds

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A hydrocarbon play has been identified in southern West Virginia targeting the intersection of thrust faults with specific Mississippian reservoirs. Late Paleozoic sandstone and limestone reservoirs are traditional pays of the study area, often yielding economic natural gas production, with initial production rates ranging between 100 to 200 Mcf per day per well. In contrast, production rates from wells that encounter faults often exceed 500 Mcf per day. We believe this prolific production results from secondary fracture porosity and enhanced permeability from fracture zones associated with thrust faults, providing a conduit to the Union Oolite reservoir member of the Greenbrier …

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Depositional Environments And Sequence Stratigraphy Of The Rockwell-Price Formation In Western Maryland, South-Central Pennsylvania, And Northern West Virginia, Darin A. Dolezal Dec 2004

Depositional Environments And Sequence Stratigraphy Of The Rockwell-Price Formation In Western Maryland, South-Central Pennsylvania, And Northern West Virginia, Darin A. Dolezal

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The Price Formation of northern West Virginia consists of Upper Devonian - Lower Mississippian siliciclastic rocks that are primarily marine. Members of the Price Formation include from oldest to youngest the Oswayo, Cussewago, Riddlesburg Shale, and Rockwell. Rocks of the Price Formation are considered to be of genetic and temporal equivalence to the Rockwell Formation in south-central Pennsylvania, western Maryland, and the eastern West Virginia panhandle.;The research attempts to (1) interpret sedimentary facies and their depositional environments and (2) identify stratigraphic relationships across six outcrops in the central Appalachian basin. Outcrops have been measured and described along a 150 km …

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Specific Aspects Of Social Anxiety Related To Children's Peer Sociometric Status, Abby H. Friedman Dec 2004

Specific Aspects Of Social Anxiety Related To Children's Peer Sociometric Status, Abby H. Friedman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The present study examined the association between specific aspects of social anxiety and sociometric status. Participants included 268 children in grades 4, 5, and 6. The children completed the Social Anxiety Scale for Children-Revised (SASC-R) and the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory for Children (SPAI-C). A sociometric nomination procedure was used to categorize participants into sociometric status groups (i.e., neglected, rejected, controversial, popular, and average). Results replicated and extended previous literature. Neglected children scored the highest on both measures of social anxiety, followed by rejected children. This was one of the first investigations to associate socometric status with SPAI-C factor …

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Starvation-Induced Alterations In Hepatic Lysine Metabolism In Different Families Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss), Angela Higgins Dec 2004

Starvation-Induced Alterations In Hepatic Lysine Metabolism In Different Families Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss), Angela Higgins

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study focused on lysine catabolism by the lysine alpha-ketoglutarate reductase (LKR) pathway in rainbow trout (RBT). Selective breeding based on feed efficiency in 2 strains (A and B) of RBT generated 2 families within each strain. Eight fish from each of the four families were randomly allotted to individual tanks. Fish were fed until satiation for 3 wks at which time four fish within each family were randomly selected for 2 wks of starvation. After the 2 wk starvation, all fish were harvested. Hepatic in-vitro LKR activity and lysine oxidation (LOX) were measured as was LKR mRNA abundance. Strain …

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Factors Underlying Stalking And Harassing Behavior In A College Population, Jill Johansson-Love Dec 2004

Factors Underlying Stalking And Harassing Behavior In A College Population, Jill Johansson-Love

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

At the high end of unwanted pursuit behavior is stalking. This study, using questionnaires, investigated a sample of 48, college females, identified as potential stalkers. Factors examined included: demographic information, social desirability, psychological functioning, attachment, motive, rape myth acceptance, adversarial sexual beliefs, criminal thinking styles, and the actual unwanted pursuit behavior. Hypotheses regarding the criminal thinking styles of the individuals engaging in harassing and stalking behavior were supported at the .05 level. These findings indicate that harassers and stalkers exhibit criminal thinking patterns, such as sacrificing internal control to exert control over the external environment and justifying behavior by externalizing …

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Factors Controlling Landslide Initiation As A Result Of July 2001 High-Precipitation Events In A Section Of The Lower New River Gorge, West Virginia, M. Patrick Kish Dec 2004

Factors Controlling Landslide Initiation As A Result Of July 2001 High-Precipitation Events In A Section Of The Lower New River Gorge, West Virginia, M. Patrick Kish

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Several geologic and physical factors affect the location of landslides associated with the July 2001 high precipitation events in Lower New River Gorge, West Virginia. The surficial geology of the heavily mined landscape was mapped using ArcGis 8.3 and four specific factors related to the landslides were identified. Road building was shown statistically to have a positive influence on the location of landslides. Slope aspect, slope angles, and elevation were also shown to have strong relationships with landslide initiations.;A landslide initiation risk map was created by overlaying the physical and geological factors favorable for landslide initiation. The risk map outlines …

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Stream Ecosystem Response To Mitigative Limestone Treatment In Acid-Impaired, Central Appalachian Streams, Sarah Elizabeth Mcclurg Dec 2004

Stream Ecosystem Response To Mitigative Limestone Treatment In Acid-Impaired, Central Appalachian Streams, Sarah Elizabeth Mcclurg

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

We quantified water chemistry, primary production, and benthic macroinvertebrate and fish community structure in 20 Central Appalachian streams: 4 acidic streams, 8 naturally circumneutral streams, and 8 historically acidic streams treated annually with limestone sand over varying lengths of time. The objective was to determine the extent of chemical and biological recovery and temporal trends in the recovery process of limestone treated streams compared to circumneutral reference conditions in Central Appalachia. Results indicate that the application of limestone sand to acidic streams is effective in fully and immediately recovering some of the chemical and biological characteristics of naturally functioning stream …

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Examination Of Experimentally Engineered Larval Fish Habitat In The Marmet Pool, Kanawha River, West Virginia, Jonathan M. Niles Dec 2004

Examination Of Experimentally Engineered Larval Fish Habitat In The Marmet Pool, Kanawha River, West Virginia, Jonathan M. Niles

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In rivers, velocity shelters are thought to serve as limiting factors in the retention and recruitment of young fish. Such shelters are formed in backwaters and tributaries, however these areas are limited in the Marmet Pool of the Kanawha River, West Virginia. In response to this concern, several structures that are thought to serve as low velocity zones were placed within the Marmet Pool. This study was conducted to evaluate the experimental rock structures (Finger and Zipper Dikes) as potential mitigation for navigational impact and to determine which sampling gears are best to sample these shallow, structurally diverse areas. The …

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Biometric Analysis And Aversive Conditioning Of Black Bears In Southern West Virginia, Harley Wayne Weaver Dec 2004

Biometric Analysis And Aversive Conditioning Of Black Bears In Southern West Virginia, Harley Wayne Weaver

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

During 2003, 11 male and 1 female black bear (Ursus americanus) were captured and fitted with radio collars. Individuals were randomly assigned to receive either treatment (n = 6) or control (n = 6). Upon release, treatment individuals received a conditional regimen comprised of rubber buckshot to the flank and a succession of shell crackers. Physical and auditory conditioning techniques we used did not appear to be an effective means of reducing repeat nuisance behavior.;West Virginia Division of Natural Resources (WVDNR) captured 179 (151 males, 28 females) nuisance and 156 (77 males, 79 females) non-nuisance individuals from 1996 to 2003.;We …

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Exposures To Silica And Inducers Of Xenobiotic Metabolism In The Rat Lung, Lori A. Battelli Dec 2004

Exposures To Silica And Inducers Of Xenobiotic Metabolism In The Rat Lung, Lori A. Battelli

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

CYP1A1 metabolizes polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as those in cigarettes, to reactive intermediates which interact with DNA and lead to cancer. Silica is a lung carcinogen. Epidemiology studies of silica and lung cancer are not all positive. A possible explanation for these inconsistencies may be that silica is a modifier of PAH metabolism and, thus, cigarette smoke carcinogenesis. We hypothesize that crystalline silica exposure alters CYP1A1 expression, thereby modifying lung cancer risk. Rats exposed to both crystalline silica and the model PAH, beta-naphthoflavone (NF), a CYP1A1 inducer have significantly decreased CYP1A1 enzymatic activity and CYP1A1 protein expression. In the …

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What Is The Impact Of Parental Support On Early Literacy?, Deborah K. Bush Dec 2004

What Is The Impact Of Parental Support On Early Literacy?, Deborah K. Bush

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Today, more than 75 percent of women ages 25--34 and 75 percent of women with a child under six years of age participate in the labor force. When both parents work outside the home, they often want to send their child to preschool, but preschool classes aren't always available, and often those that are available are the government programs that are open only to those of lower socio-economic status.;In addition, parents often want to support the emergent literacy of their children and help prepare them for kindergarten but aren't sure of how to provide the type of assistance that might …

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Use Of Commercial Cfd Software For Assessing The Performance Of Personal Aerosol Samplers, Aaron J. Bird Dec 2004

Use Of Commercial Cfd Software For Assessing The Performance Of Personal Aerosol Samplers, Aaron J. Bird

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Accurate performance of personal aerosol samplers is critical for industrial hygienists' successful efforts to protect workers. Performance assessments of personal samplers are necessarily conducted in controlled environments so unknown sources of variability will not influence the results. This is done in order that samplers may be used with confidence for monitoring workplace air quality. These performance evaluations are usually conducted in wind tunnels. However, recent advances in high-performance cluster computing---together with advanced flow modeling software---have made it possible to evaluate sampler performance with computer simulations. This was done in the current research. Simulations were conducted for air and particle behavior …

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Modified Delphi Investigation Of Exercise Science In Physical Education Teacher Education, Sean M. Bulger Dec 2004

Modified Delphi Investigation Of Exercise Science In Physical Education Teacher Education, Sean M. Bulger

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

As physical education teacher educators experiment with alternative pedagogical approaches to bridge the gap between subdisciplinary theory and professional practice, the need for enhanced multi-disciplinary research and communication continues. The purpose of this study was to determine the critical exercise science competencies, and associated instructional methods, that are recommended for inclusion in the physical education teacher education undergraduate curriculum. An initial list of theoretical and applied exercise science competencies was constructed using the knowledge, skills, and abilities recommended by the American College of Sports Medicine for individuals working in the field of exercise science. The two-round, modified Delphi procedure involved …

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K--12 Teachers' Technology Integration In Benedum Collaborative Professional Development Schools, Sabah Karayegen-Giraldo Dec 2004

K--12 Teachers' Technology Integration In Benedum Collaborative Professional Development Schools, Sabah Karayegen-Giraldo

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study investigated how K--12 teachers and interns in West Virginia University's Professional Development Schools (PDS) are using technology as a tool to enhance their students' education. The study addressed the use of technology as a classroom tool for research, communication, productivity, and problem-solving as outlined by the National Technology Standards for students. Eleven research questions framed this study. Comparisons across grade levels (elementary, middle, and high schools) and subject areas (English, mathematics, science, and social studies) were included. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used as quantitative research methods. The study involved 327 teachers and 102 intern students in these …

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Linear Engine Development For Series Hybrid Electric Vehicles, Csaba Toth-Nagy Dec 2004

Linear Engine Development For Series Hybrid Electric Vehicles, Csaba Toth-Nagy

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation argues that diminishing oil reserves, concern over global climate change, and desire to improve ambient air quality all demand the development of environment-friendly personal transportation. In certain applications, series hybrid electric vehicles offer an attractive solution to reducing fuel consumption and emissions. Furthermore, linear engines are emerging as a powerplant suited to series HEV applications. In this dissertation, a linear engine/alternator was considered as the auxiliary power unit of a range extender series hybrid electric vehicle. A prototype linear engine/alternator was developed, constructed and tested at West Virginia University. The engine was a 2-stroke, 2-cylinder, dual piston, direct …

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Strategies For Sustainable Professional Development Programs To Promote Effective Pedagogical Use Of Instructional Technology In Teaching, Karla R. Assis Cezarino Dec 2004

Strategies For Sustainable Professional Development Programs To Promote Effective Pedagogical Use Of Instructional Technology In Teaching, Karla R. Assis Cezarino

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to determine a set of common strategies employed by sustainable instructional technology professional development programs that are found to successfully promote educators' high-level use of technology in their teaching practice. Two questions guided this study: (a) Research Question 1: What do successful instructional technology professional development programs recognize as indicators of high-level use of technology? and (b) Research Question 2: Which instructional technology professional development strategies successfully promote high-level use of instructional technology in participants' teaching practice?;An online questionnaire consisting of close-ended questions and open-ended questions was used as the means of data collection. …

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Hematotoxicity Of Heptachlor, Sarah Vanessa Meads Dodson Dec 2004

Hematotoxicity Of Heptachlor, Sarah Vanessa Meads Dodson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Hematotoxicity has been documented in adults exposed to high levels of organochlorine pesticides. Our studies revealed that prenatal exposure to the organochlorine pesticide heptachlor resulted in alteration of lymphocyte development, while myeloid cell development was spared. To further investigate effects of heptachlor on lymphoid cells, we evaluated direct exposure of this compound on pro-B and pre-B cells. In these studies, the pro-B cell line C1.92 and the pre-B cell line 70Z/3 demonstrated concentration-dependent decreases in proliferation following heptachlor exposure. Pro-B cell viability decreased significantly; however, pre-B cell viability was not altered. Further investigation into mechanisms of diminished cell proliferation revealed …

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Three Essays On The Profitability, Risk, And Viability Of Family Firms In A Developing Economy, Kamol Khaemasunun Dec 2004

Three Essays On The Profitability, Risk, And Viability Of Family Firms In A Developing Economy, Kamol Khaemasunun

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The objective of this dissertation is to examine the family firms in term of profit, risk and the probability of their survival in developing countries. The first chapter gives an introduction to this study. The second chapter provides an analysis of family businesses in regard to their performance, since there have been claims in the popular press that family-centered "crony capitalism" significantly contributed to the Asian financial crisis of 1997. Small, tightly focused firms can, however, be well managed by family hierarchies. As firms grow and diversify, family management is often displaced by diffuse ownership and independent managers. Between these …

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Intraindividual Variability And Relations Between Daily Affect And Physical Activity Among Community -Dwelling Older Women, Jenessa C. Steele Dec 2004

Intraindividual Variability And Relations Between Daily Affect And Physical Activity Among Community -Dwelling Older Women, Jenessa C. Steele

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The current study investigated individual and group-level daily relations between affect and physical activity among 37 non-sedentary community-dwelling older women. The study expected that (a) positive affect would hold a significant, positive synchronous relation with physical activity and (b) negative affect would hold a significant, negative synchronous relation with physical activity over six consecutive days. Women over age 55 (M = 71.5, SD = 9.4) participated by completing four daily assessments (8am, 12pm, 4pm, 8pm) of positive and negative affect and physical activity on a hand-held computer Monday through Saturday. Affect was measured using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule …

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Pain-Related Acceptance And Physical Impairment In Individuals With Chronic Pain, Kevin E. Vowles Dec 2004

Pain-Related Acceptance And Physical Impairment In Individuals With Chronic Pain, Kevin E. Vowles

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Treatments using acceptance-based approaches have been utilized for a variety of health care concerns with data regarding their application to a chronic pain population recently emerging. These approaches may be particularly suited to chronic pain as they target potentially harmful avoidance and ineffective pain control strategies. Acceptance of chronic pain is related to psychosocial constructs generally (e.g., depression, pain-related anxiety); however, its relation to the overt behavioral variables associated with such states remains unevaluated. The present investigation assessed the specific effects of an acceptance-based versus control-based instructional set on demonstrated physical impairment in 74 individuals with chronic low back pain. …

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Modeling And Real-Time Feedback Control Of Mems Device, Limin Wang Dec 2004

Modeling And Real-Time Feedback Control Of Mems Device, Limin Wang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Applying closed-loop control to a MEMS devices not only can handle the abnormal behaviors caused by manufactory imprecision or device failure, enabling MEMS devices to survive in critical conditions, but also can increase the application where MEMS devices are used to drive components under varying load conditions. This study mainly focuses on the effort of closed-loop control on the Lateral Comb Resonator (LCR) MEMS device. The success of closed-loop control has been achieved on lateral comb resonator with novel integrated through wafer optical monitoring technique.;Availability of a system model and feedback signals are mandatory conditions for the implementation of closed-loop …

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Interactions Of Allelopathy And Competition Affecting Ziziphus Spina-Christi And Prosopis Juliflora Seedlings, Thobayet S. Alshahrani Dec 2004

Interactions Of Allelopathy And Competition Affecting Ziziphus Spina-Christi And Prosopis Juliflora Seedlings, Thobayet S. Alshahrani

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study consists of two parts, provides data on the interference between Ziziphus spina-christi, native to Saudi Arabia, and Prosopis juliflora, an introduced species. Dry leaves from both species were milled and used to prepare extracts using 0g/l, 5g/l, 20g/l, 40g/l, 60g/l, and 100 g/l of dried leaves. Leaf extract of P. juliflora was used to irrigate Z. spina-christi with 120 ml weekly over a 7-month growth period, and vice versa. Plant height, plant diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, chlorophyll content, total root length, number of root tips, root diameter, root surface area, root volume, shoot dry weight, root …

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Administrative Proceedings Involving European Agencies, Edoardo Chiti Dec 2004

Administrative Proceedings Involving European Agencies, Edoardo Chiti

Law and Contemporary Problems

Chiti reconstructs the peculiar features of proceedings involving European agencies by analyzing the relevant positive law, administrative practice, and case law. This is to ascertain, in part, what is distinctive about these proceedings, as compared to the other procedural models that are progressively emerging in the Community legal order.

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Alaska Office Of Victims’ Rights: A Model For America, Stephen E. Branchflower Dec 2004

Alaska Office Of Victims’ Rights: A Model For America, Stephen E. Branchflower

Alaska Law Review

No abstract provided.

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