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2004

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The Research-Exhibition: Some Useful On-Line Media For This Alternative Publication Format Of The Design Research Community., Alec Robertson Nov 2004

The Research-Exhibition: Some Useful On-Line Media For This Alternative Publication Format Of The Design Research Community., Alec Robertson

DRS Biennial Conference Series

There is occasional discussion and studies done on the nature of design research and the success of its publication formats (1)(2)(3)(4). The topic was pursued by Rust and Robertson (5), who explored the notion of the ‘Research- Exhibition’ as an alternative to the research-paper at the DRS Biennial 2002 Common Ground Conference. This paper builds upon the experience of work on the on-line record of the experimental DRS Common Ground Exhibition 2002 (6), and reminds us of some of the general background issues identified by Rust and Robertson, its co- organisers. It provides further modest pointers as to possible use …

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A Pilot Study Of Establishing An On-Line Design Audit Platform., Tung-Jung Sung, Chia-Hou Chen, Manlai You Nov 2004

A Pilot Study Of Establishing An On-Line Design Audit Platform., Tung-Jung Sung, Chia-Hou Chen, Manlai You

DRS Biennial Conference Series

To identify gaps between current and desired performance, audits of organizational activities have been developed in many areas. However, past studies take little account on a holistic inspection of the design activities of an enterprise in a practical way. Furthermore, the audit approach is evolving from the traditional manual process of paper documentation to a paperless, electronic, and online one. To continually inspect design activities, this study aims at developing an online design audit platform (ODAP) for application in an enterprise.

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Designing Design Research Within A Collaborative Research Centre: A Flexible Approach To Working With Scientists, Government, Industry And Academia., Lyndon Anderson, Lucy Allnutt, Christine Thony Nov 2004

Designing Design Research Within A Collaborative Research Centre: A Flexible Approach To Working With Scientists, Government, Industry And Academia., Lyndon Anderson, Lucy Allnutt, Christine Thony

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Whilst certain CRCs use industrial designers on a fee for service basis, few have been involved as key activity drivers from the beginning and for the duration of a CRC. The National institute of Design, Swinburne University of Technology has been involved since the beginning of the CRC for Wood Innovations. Appropriate design strategies suitable for PhD candidates and research in a variety of complex environments have been developed, implemented and continue to evolve.

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User-Centred Approach In Visual And Spatial Reasoning: Design Research In Wayfinding Map Design., Christopher Kueh Nov 2004

User-Centred Approach In Visual And Spatial Reasoning: Design Research In Wayfinding Map Design., Christopher Kueh

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Designing effective wayfinding maps to assist people to navigate effectively within a specific environment has always been an issue. According to Wright, ‘[users] have responded negatively to map design in the past ... ’(cited in Wood 1993). The aim of this paper is to address the importance of user-centred approaches in the design of wayfinding maps. In this paper I am proposing that graphic and information designers should emphasize the interaction processes between people and maps, people and the physical environment, and the relationship that people create between the map and the environment. This paper also suggests a speculative wayfinding …

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Deconstruction Sites: An Interpretive Case Study Of The Design Of The Emerging Cultural Landscape., Vince Dziekan Nov 2004

Deconstruction Sites: An Interpretive Case Study Of The Design Of The Emerging Cultural Landscape., Vince Dziekan

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper will critique museum spaces as an “institution” of artistic practice and evaluate the designed relationship of art to space and its predispositions. The research will investigate how artworks are not only accommodated by the architectural realization of physical spaces but also by the way that their design (acting as a “framework”) structures types of resulting art practices that can be supported and privileged by those spaces. Recognizing the intertwining of such design concerns has implications that extend to artistic practice, curatorship and art history.

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Circa (Computer Interactive Reminiscence And Conversation Aid): The Collaborative Research Process In Context Challenge., Gary Gowans, Jim Campbell Nov 2004

Circa (Computer Interactive Reminiscence And Conversation Aid): The Collaborative Research Process In Context Challenge., Gary Gowans, Jim Campbell

DRS Biennial Conference Series

There are estimated to be more than eighteen million Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) sufferers worldwide. Other dementia related clinical condi tions would significantly expand this estimation, and with human populations progressively becoming older, the incidence of age-related cognitive impairment is set to grow proportionately. Quality of reminiscence therapy can vary enormously depending upon many variables e.g. availability of resources, location, type of care environment etc. Current practice often relies upon physical props, e.g. old photo-albums.

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Romanticism Reinforced: The Construction Of Nature Through 'Green' Advertising And The Implications For Ecodesign., Marie Sierra Nov 2004

Romanticism Reinforced: The Construction Of Nature Through 'Green' Advertising And The Implications For Ecodesign., Marie Sierra

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper makes a critical assessment of the construction of nature through advertising. Like any other subject, the complex and rich subject of nature can be portrayed metaphorically. Due to its complexity, the idea of nature is often depicted obliquely in advertising, rather than through direct pictorial representation. There is fertile ground for this approach in the advertising of home appliances – particularly appliances designed to be ‘green’, or what is referred to in design culture as ‘ecodesign’.

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The Comparison Between Novice And Expert Designers' Sketching In Conceptual Design., Hui-Hsia Chen, Manlai You Nov 2004

The Comparison Between Novice And Expert Designers' Sketching In Conceptual Design., Hui-Hsia Chen, Manlai You

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In many literature reviews, we find that sketching is confirmed as an activity of generating and developing ideas. The sketching activity is also a key factor of influencing idea generation. However, the focus of conceptual design is to develop the promising new concepts. We are primarily interested in finding a creation process and thinking by analysis of sketching activity in conceptual design. The aim is to support the validation of the importance of the sketch in conceptual design and to further explore an appropriate method for improving the efficiency of ideation activities. In addition, it is important to find the …

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Design And Morals In The Globalized Context., Robert Nelson Nov 2004

Design And Morals In The Globalized Context., Robert Nelson

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The paper sets out to: • describe globalization in the context of product design, visual communication and multimedia; • describe the elements of design that matter in a moral sense and those that do not; • assess the vulnerability of design to pressure to become a promotional organ of global vanity; • explain the reluctance of authors to adopt a critical stance with regard to the vanity of many products; • identify the problems besetting design discourse, which cause it to be largely mute in the evaluation of design in the context of cultural life; and, • investigate the methodological …

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Notions Of Practice: Design As Facilitation For Interactive Social Systems., Penny Hagen Nov 2004

Notions Of Practice: Design As Facilitation For Interactive Social Systems., Penny Hagen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper introduces the notion of ‘design as facilitation’ identifying some of the places it features in current research, and how it informs design of interactive social systems, such as multi-user communication technologies. This research is motivated by the shift in focus from the technical to the social in technology. A parallel shift in the notion of design practice is suggested in the move to understand interactive systems in relation to users as seen in design theory and interaction design research and methodology (Dourish 2001), (Preece et al 2002), (Winograd 1997). By examining the commonalities that exist in four different …

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Reading Digital Clones In The Conservation Process., Matthew Cooke Nov 2004

Reading Digital Clones In The Conservation Process., Matthew Cooke

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper explores notions of ‘the virtual facsimile’, the copy and representation at a practice-oriented level and discusses them with relation to notions of ‘tracking’, ‘recording’ and ‘annotating’ design and design history through digital means. It begins by asking the question: if previsualisation software packages are useful in the representation phase of a construction project, how useful are they as markers and postvisualisation tools for pre-existing structures? Indeed, once modelled, how far departed from the original is the facsimile? Is it possible to extend the usefulness of these tools to include the representation of that which is already built and …

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Practical Uses Of Nanotechnology To Accelerate Design Innovation., Lyndon Anderson, Cameron Jones Nov 2004

Practical Uses Of Nanotechnology To Accelerate Design Innovation., Lyndon Anderson, Cameron Jones

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Nanotechnology promises a natural method to accelerate the complex task of innovation for many design problems by exploiting self-assembly and quantum processing at extreme scales of miniaturization. With this objective, a range of hybrid computer devices that use biological cells or chemical thin-films have been built to take advantage of nanoscale information processing. These devices are termed molecular computers and function by manipulating input sets of digital schematics or images stored to Compact Disc optical media. Light transmission through cells or chemical thin-films is a highly nonlinear phenomenon, and causes digital information to replicate with itself. This means that well-defined …

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Digital Illustration And Litigation: Anticipating The Implication Of Digital Imaging Within The Architectural Profession., John Stabb Nov 2004

Digital Illustration And Litigation: Anticipating The Implication Of Digital Imaging Within The Architectural Profession., John Stabb

DRS Biennial Conference Series

As the capacity of the digital medium expands so the potential for creative design increases. Yet, while the rigid and artificial effects of traditional presentation techniques, such as photo-montages and early solid models, provided a degree of ambiguity regarding the final outcome of the project, the almost seductive power of the hyper-real is beginning to narrow the gap on the licence of interpretation. Consequentially the credibility and ethics of the image may start to come into question if the integrity of the architecture as built fails to meet the expectations, which the image inspired in the first place. By addressing …

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Disciplining Creativity: Neoliberalism And Design Education In New Zealand., Amanda Bill Nov 2004

Disciplining Creativity: Neoliberalism And Design Education In New Zealand., Amanda Bill

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Two decades of educational reform in New Zealand have resulted in one of the most market-oriented regimes of higher education in the OECD. In this environment, enrolments in design and other creative degree courses that seem to provide an opportunity for individual expression and self-development have greatly increased. However, representatives of traditional industry sectors complain that there are hardly any jobs for these graduates, and little in the way of career paths. The situation thus seems to confound human capital approaches to education policy, in which tactics such as high fees and student loans are meant to exert a conservative …

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A Study On Japanese Traditional Sweets Wrapped In Natural Materials: The Relationship Between Japanese Contemporary Package Design And The Japanese Wrapping Culture., Karen Meiko Nawa, Shinnichi Ishimura Nov 2004

A Study On Japanese Traditional Sweets Wrapped In Natural Materials: The Relationship Between Japanese Contemporary Package Design And The Japanese Wrapping Culture., Karen Meiko Nawa, Shinnichi Ishimura

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Focusing particularly in packages that used either bamboo sheathes or bamboo leaves as wrappings, the purpose of this research is to investigate the actual condition of traditional package design in Japan, taking contemporary Japanese sweets wrapped in natural materials as the study’s subject. Both of the mentioned above can be folded in various ways and possess optimal properties as wrapping materials. Supported by literature materials, the method consisted of a field survey, sample collection and data analysis. The field survey was focused on the southernmost Kyushu Island’s Fukuoka Prefecture and some of the samples were collected in the main Honshu …

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User Preferences For Personalities Of Entertainment Robots According To The Users' Psychological Types., Sona Kwak, Myung-Suk Kim Nov 2004

User Preferences For Personalities Of Entertainment Robots According To The Users' Psychological Types., Sona Kwak, Myung-Suk Kim

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The purpose of this paper is to suggest a design process for constructing personality of an entertainment robot based on psychological types, and investigate user preferences for robot personalities according to the users’ psychological types. In this study, four temperaments derived from 16 personality types in a psychological type indicator, MBTI (Myers Briggs Type Indicator), were applied to design the personality of an entertainment robot. The case study and experiment yielded several results. First, the major experimenters match reactions with robot temperaments. From this result, we could see that robot temperaments are useful guidelines to design the entertainment robot’s personality. …

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An Exploratory Study Of Managing A Design Project., Chung-Hung Lin, Yu Lin Hsu Nov 2004

An Exploratory Study Of Managing A Design Project., Chung-Hung Lin, Yu Lin Hsu

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Managing a design project arguably needs a simplest organizational structure. There are established methods and procedures on which to base a suitable structure for managing design projects. Project management tends to deal not only with a process or system in carrying out a particular task (e.g. a military project) but also entails the crossing of functional and organizational boundaries to achieve higher levels of performance and productivity. In this research, the concern of project management is to use management skills in coordinating design activities with other tasks in the organization, ensuring the provision of comprehensive design activities being given a …

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The Use Of Prototypes In Pre-Development Activities., Chris Conley Nov 2004

The Use Of Prototypes In Pre-Development Activities., Chris Conley

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Prototypes are commonly used in design and development activities to help understand aspects of an emerging design before it is complete. The use of prototypes before development begins, however, is essentially non-existent. Why is this so? Are prototypes simply a method for those who design and develop tangible artefacts? In spite of their wide spread use and reports of beneficial impact, there is surprisingly little theory or principles of prototyping. This lack of prototyping theory and principles may be one reason prototypes are not considered for use in a wider variety of situations such as strategy development or product planning. …

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Methods For Experience Design: The Experience Design Framework., John Knight, Marie Jefsioutine Nov 2004

Methods For Experience Design: The Experience Design Framework., John Knight, Marie Jefsioutine

DRS Biennial Conference Series

User-Lab provides user centred design services and carries out academic research. This paper describes the development of the Experience Design Framework (EDF) resulting from the interaction between the Lab’s academic and commercial activities. The authors identified a range of negative attitudes to usability suggesting many practitioners did not perceive methods as relevant or useful. The EDF evolved out of an attempt to find methods that were more sympathetic to the concerns and needs of designers and business. The EDF broadens the focus of methods from usability to include accessibility, engagability and benefit. It is based on the idea that this …

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Being, Seeing And Being Seen: Accessing The Social Language Of Clothing Style For Use Within Design Research., Fiona Candy, John Mcaleavy Nov 2004

Being, Seeing And Being Seen: Accessing The Social Language Of Clothing Style For Use Within Design Research., Fiona Candy, John Mcaleavy

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper will introduce a new approach to the study of clothing and involves visual ethnographic research methods that can support empirical investigation in to the range of personal and social meanings associated with everyday styles of dress. It has been developed as a result of a multidisciplinary collaboration between fashion, video production, illustration, and animation designers. Research has involved street photography, one to one interviews, group clothing workshops, body language video documentation and post production experimentation with animation and rotoscoping digital imaging techniques. Initial findings are that our approach has a variety of potential applications for practitioners and researchers …

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Design As Change Agent., Carlos Teixeira Nov 2004

Design As Change Agent., Carlos Teixeira

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The goal of this study is to discuss the roles and responsibilities of designers in the process of envisioning and promoting change in people’s every day lives. According to Heskett (2002), “design is one of the basic characteristics of what it is to be human, and an essential determinant of the quality of human life. It affects everyone in every detail of every aspect of what they do throughout each day. As such, it matters profoundly. Very few aspects of the material environment are incapable of improvement in some significant way by greater attention being paid to their design.” This …

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Visual/Verbal Meaning Collaboration In Redefining Interplay., Susan Hagan Nov 2004

Visual/Verbal Meaning Collaboration In Redefining Interplay., Susan Hagan

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The study of visual/verbal design has not yet resulted in effective principles of practice and analysis for the designer because our reigning perspectives either recast visual messages as objects to be “read,” reduce textual elements to unexamined “background material,” or remove message interests altogether in order to focus on the “presentation” of ideas separated from the ideas themselves. Given particular goals, these reducibility assumptions can yield reasonable, if incomplete, analyses. This fact explains both the persistence and popularity of these assumptions in light of their limitations. However, these assumptions ignore the status of visual and verbal elements as sui generis …

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Profiling The Designer: How Are The Design Professions Perceived?, T W Allan Whitfield, Gillian Smith Nov 2004

Profiling The Designer: How Are The Design Professions Perceived?, T W Allan Whitfield, Gillian Smith

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper draws upon the results of two large-scale investigations into the public’s perceptions of the design professions. The first was a comparative study involving matched samples of Australians and South Koreans. Carried out within the framework of occupational prestige assessment (e.g. Daniel, 1983), it sought to position the design professions in terms of social standing relative to a range of other professions and occupations. It also provided a comparison of how designers perceived themselves against how the public perceived them (Chung and Whitfield, 1999; Whitfield and Smith, 2003). The second was the most extensive field survey so far undertaken …

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Revolutionary Images And Images Of Revolution. Graphic Resistance Through Culture Jamming And Radical Commodities., Brad Haylock Nov 2004

Revolutionary Images And Images Of Revolution. Graphic Resistance Through Culture Jamming And Radical Commodities., Brad Haylock

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Culture jamming offers both a practical blueprint and some social theoretical foundation according to which graphic designers might play a consequential role in shaping their world, emancipated from their typical realm of corporate subservience. Culture jamming, however, is obviously not the only means through which graphic design may be of political significance. This article, therefore, is not focussed specifically upon culture jamming; rather, the article is concerned with the broader question of graphic resistance, and particularly also with the question of graphic design’s significance within the context of what might be termed ‘radical commodities’. This paper seeks to argue that …

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Creating Opportunities For Successful Design Decisions In Uncertain Environment., Anssi Tuulenmaki Nov 2004

Creating Opportunities For Successful Design Decisions In Uncertain Environment., Anssi Tuulenmaki

DRS Biennial Conference Series

It is widely recognized that properly conducted early part of the new product development process – conceptualization or fuzzy front end – is vital for new product success. Accurate and timely information during the early phases of the New Product Development (NPD) and design processes reduces rework and lead-time, enables better planning, execution and results. Therefore, the aim of the conceptualization phase can be articulated as in providing information package according to which a decision could be made whether a concept is to be developed further to a product or not. What is the role of the conceptualization in situations …

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Designing In A Multicultural World., Konstantinos Syrmos, John Boult, Ray Holland Nov 2004

Designing In A Multicultural World., Konstantinos Syrmos, John Boult, Ray Holland

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The purpose of this study is to investigate a new paradigm in consumer behaviour, which is a conceptual framework to study how consumers behave through theoretical categories originating within different cultures. As individuals we belong to different cultures, but all of us belong to a cultural group called consumer culture, where design and branding play a major part when it comes to decision making. Today’s consumers are brand weary. They are surrounded by brands; they use brands and in many occasions identify themselves with the brand.

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Towards 100 Actions For The 100 Languages Of Children: The Use Of Ethnographic Methods And Participatory Design To Enable An Investigation Into Children's Learning Using Tangible Media And Digital Technologies., Frank Feltham Nov 2004

Towards 100 Actions For The 100 Languages Of Children: The Use Of Ethnographic Methods And Participatory Design To Enable An Investigation Into Children's Learning Using Tangible Media And Digital Technologies., Frank Feltham

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper takes a look at the opportunities Ethnographic methods including Participant Observation and Participatory Design offers for a context based research into children’s creative learning using tangible media and digital technologies. The intent of this paper is to discuss the study design in terms of its method and intended outcomes. This paper will also discuss some of the issues that have arisen as a result of the study of design of products and services in the information age. The title of the paper refers to the book “The 100 languages of children” (Edwards, Gandini et al. 1993) which documents …

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The Panoramic Narrative And The Production Of Historical Consciousness: This Is Australia., Denise Whitehouse Nov 2004

The Panoramic Narrative And The Production Of Historical Consciousness: This Is Australia., Denise Whitehouse

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper takes a cross-disciplinary approach drawing on developments in Australian historical and cultural studies to investigate the role of design in the production of national cultures and more specifically the construction of colonising histories. It argues that in modern settler nations such as Australia, graphic design has had a significant role in the shaping of the public imagination of nationhood. This paper investigates the historical involvement of the graphic designer in constructing the visual vocabulary and communication strategies of the modern panoramic narrative and its origins in 1930s when business and government turned to modern design to bring aesthetic …

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She's A Store, She's So Much More: Sportsgirl, The Brand And The Social Construction Of Young Women In 1960s Australia., Nanette Carter Nov 2004

She's A Store, She's So Much More: Sportsgirl, The Brand And The Social Construction Of Young Women In 1960s Australia., Nanette Carter

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper explores the emergence of one of Australia's first youth fashion brands, beginning with the development of its original flagship store and its advertising in Melbourne newspapers in the 1960s. This analysis is in terms of how the brand was inserted within the national culture with regard to the social roles presented to young women and the broader social and economic changes of the period. It explores the way the Sportsgirl brand participated in constructing for young Australian women, their increasing identification as independent, adventurous and in charge of their own sexuality. In doing so, it seeks to draw …

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Generative Design: A Paradigm For Design Research., Jon Mccormack, Alan Dorin, Troy Innocent Nov 2004

Generative Design: A Paradigm For Design Research., Jon Mccormack, Alan Dorin, Troy Innocent

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Generative design offers new modes of aesthetic experience based on the incorporation of system dynamics into the production of artifact and experience. In this paper, we review a number of processes that can be explored by designers and suggest how design as a discipline can benefit from this research. These processes include self-organization, swarm systems and ant colonies, evolution, and generative grammars. We give examples on the application of these processes to creativity and design.

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