Digital Commons Network^™

Stoic Emotion, Lawrence C. Becker

Philosophy Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Early Protection Against Pathogenic Virus Infection At A Mucosal Challenge Site After Vaccination With Attenuated Simian Immunodeficiency Virus, Klara Tenner-Ràcz, Christiane Stahl Hennig, Klaus T. Überla

Publications

Atraumatic application of attenuated SIVmac23Δnef vaccine to the tonsils of rhesus macaques provided protection against challenge 26 weeks later with infectious SIVmac251 applied through this route. Early events at the mucosal portal of entry of challenge virus were followed. Wild-type virus was detected in nonvaccinated controls by day 4, and then simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) replicated vigorously at days 7 and 14. In contrast, a challenge of 10 of 10 vaccinees with SIV did not significantly raise RNA levels in the plasma or increase infected cells in lymphoid tissues, as assessed by single-cell labeling for viral RNA and nef protein. …

In Vivo Targeting Of Antigens To Maturing Dendritic Cells Via The Dec-205 Receptor Improves T Cell Vaccination, Laura C. Bonifaz, David P. Bonnyay, Anna Charalambous

Publications

The prevention and treatment of prevalent infectious diseases and tumors should benefit from improvements in the induction of antigen-specific T cell immunity. To assess the potential of antigen targeting to dendritic cells to improve immunity, we incorporated ovalbumin protein into a monoclonal antibody to the DEC-205 receptor, an endocytic receptor that is abundant on these cells in lymphoid tissues. Simultaneously, we injected agonistic α-CD40 antibody to mature the dendritic cells. We found that a single low dose of antibody-conjugated ovalbumin initiated immunity from the naive CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cell repertoire. Unexpectedly, the αDEC-205 antigen conjugates, given s.c., …

Hiv-1-Infected Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells Do Not Undergo Maturation But Can Elicit Il-10 Production And T Cell Regulation, Angela Granelli-Piperno, Angelika Golebiowska, Christine Trumpfheller

Publications

Dendritic cells (DCs) undergo maturation during virus infection and thereby become potent stimulators of cell-mediated immunity. HIV-1 replicates in immature DCs, but we now find that infection is not accompanied by many components of maturation in either infected cells or uninfected bystanders. The infected cultures do not develop potent stimulating activity for the mixed leukocyte reaction (MLR), and the DCs producing HIV-1 gag p24 do not express CD83 and DC-lysosome-associated membrane protein maturation markers. If different maturation stimuli are applied to DCs infected with HIV-1, the infected cells selectively fail to mature. When DCs from HIV-1-infected patients are infected and …

Cd25+ Cd4+ T Cells, Expanded With Dendritic Cells Presenting A Single Autoantigenic Peptide, Suppress Autoimmune Diabetes, Kristin V. Tarbell, Sayuri Yamazaki, Kara D. Olson

Publications

In the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of type 1 diabetes, the immune system recognizes many autoantigens expressed in pancreatic islet β cells. To silence autoimmunity, we used dendritic cells (DCs) from NOD mice to expand CD25⁺ CD4⁺ suppressor T cells from BDC2.5 mice, which are specific for a single islet autoantigen. The expanded T cells were more suppressive in vitro than their freshly isolated counterparts, indicating that DCs from autoimmune mice can increase the number and function of antigen-specific, CD25⁺ CD4⁺ regulatory T cells. Importantly, only 5,000 expanded CD25⁺ CD4⁺ BDC2.5 T cells …

The Linkage Of Innate To Adaptive Immunity Via Maturing Dendritic Cells In Vivo Requires Cd40 Ligation In Addition To Antigen Presentation And Cd80/86 Costimulation, Shinichiro Fujii, Kang Z. Liu, Carol L. Smith

Publications

Dendritic cell (DC) maturation is an innate response that leads to adaptive immunity to coadministered proteins. To begin to identify underlying mechanisms in intact lymphoid tissues, we studied α-galactosylceramide. This glycolipid activates innate Vα14⁺ natural killer T cell (NKT) lymphocytes, which drive DC maturation and T cell responses to ovalbumin antigen. Hours after giving glycolipid i.v., tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ were released primarily by DCs. These cytokines induced rapid surface remodeling of DCs, including increased CD80/86 costimulatory molecules. Surprisingly, DCs from CD40^-/- and CD40L^-/- mice did not elicit CD4+ and CD8⁺ T cell …

6th Annual Student Academic Conference: Conference Program & Abstracts Volume Vi, Minnesota State University Moorhead

Student Academic Conference Abstract Books

Minnesota State University Moorhead Student Academic Conference abstract book.

Communicating Severity Of Hazard With The Signal Word On A Safety Sign, Roger C. Jensen, Andrew M. Mccammack

Safety Health & Industrial Hygiene

An experiment examined five signal words on safety signs for effectiveness at communicating information about severity of a hazard. Perceived severity was rated by 59 college students for the signal words Deadly, Danger, Warning, Caution, and Notice. Results indicated that Deadly communicated the highest ratings for severity. Danger was second. Warning and Caution were tied for third. The lowest ratings were for Notice.

Comparison Of Student Versus Employee Test Populations For Warning Sign Research Based On Severity Ratings For Signal Words, Scott Thomas, Roger C. Jensen

Safety Health & Industrial Hygiene

Most studies of warning signs involve undergraduate students as subjects. This paper reports a direct comparison of findings from an undergraduate population and an employed population. The 48 employed subjects from this study were compared with 59 undergraduate subjects from a companion study. Subjects from both populations were shown the same signs and asked to rate the severity level connoted by each sign. The signs differed only in signal word. Results for each population indicated that signal word had a highly significant effect on severity ratings. When the two populations were compared for ratings of each signal word, the only …

Bryn Mawr College Undergraduate College Catalogue And Calendar, 2004-2005, Bryn Mawr College

Bryn Mawr College Calendar

No abstract provided.

2004-2005 Bulletin Of Information - Graduate, Seattle University

Bulletin of Information

No abstract provided.

Gender Identity Disorder : A Misunderstood Diagnosis, Kristopher J. Cook

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

A transsexual is defined as a person who strongly identifies with the opposite sex. This is also known as gender identity disorder. The individual may identify with the opposite sex to the point of believing that he or she is, in fact, a member of the opposite sex who is trapped in the wrong body. This causes the person to experience serious discomfort with his or her own biological sex. A person with gender identity disorder may or may not know that they actually have a disorder. Not knowing they have this disorder, they can’t explain the problems they experience …

Antimicrobial And Spermicidal Activity Of Hydrogen Peroxide And Nonoxynol-9 Based Gel Preparations, Paul E. Grimmett

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Eighty gel formulations were prepared using five buffer systems (0.01M citrate, 0.02M citrate, 0.01M tartrate, 0.02M tartrate, and 0.01M citrate/0.01M tartrate), four hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentrations (0%, 0.3%, 0.9%, and 1.2%), and four nonoxynol-9 (N-9) concentrations (0%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%). The eighty gel formulations were then tested for physio-chemical properties (viscosity and pH), antimicrobial effectiveness (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Assay) against Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus agalactiae, and finally, spermicidal effectiveness (Sander Cramer Assay). The gel formulation that contained the best combination of physio-chemical, antimicrobial, and spermicidal properties was a 0.01M citrate buffered hydrogel, which contained 0.9% H2O2 and …

National Identity And The British Empire : The Image Of Saint Paul’S Cathedral, Rebecca Pierce

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

This paper considers the historical geography of place and identity construction through the case of English Nationalism and the British Empire as encapsulated in London’s Saint Paul’s Cathedral. The research explores several themes: 1) the British Empire’s use of Saint Paul’s Cathedral as a representation, both physically and symbolically, of the ideals and power of the empire; 2) the British Empire’s employment of the Cathedral as the emotional and ideological center of national identity and imperialism in the English population; and 3) the British Empire's manipulation of the image of Saint Paul’s Cathedralas a national and religious landmark. Data analysis …

The Comparative Analysis Of The Dyslexia Screening Instrument And The Dyslexia Screening Tool, Shelley J. Lemasters

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

STEEP is a universal screening instrument that provides effective and efficient identification of students at risk. It is hypothesized that by using the difference between the math STEEP score and the reading STEEP score that STEEP can be used to identify dyslexic children. The present research was conducted by selecting students that scored mastery/instructional in math and frustrational in reading as the sample. The current study examines the correlation between the Dyslexia Screening Instrument and the Dyslexia Screening Tool by administering those instruments to the identified population. The results were analyzed by using the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) and the …

Factors That Most Influence Job Satisfaction Among Cardiac Nurses In An Acute Care Setting, Lashonda Leigh Bare

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The purpose of this study is to determine cardiac nurses’ level of job satisfaction through an examination of the relationship between Herzberg’s motivation and hygiene factors and job satisfaction. The study used a non-experimental, quantitative design with a theoretical framework based on Herzberg’s Motivation Versus Hygiene theory. The independent variables were motivation and hygiene factors and the dependent variable was nurse job satisfaction. The Work Quality Index and a demographic survey were given to approximately 32 registered nurses at a medical center in southwestern, West Virginia. The data was collected over three weeks and was analyzed using descriptive and correlational …

A Spatial And Temporal Analysis Of Conifers Using Remote Sensing And Gis, Michael Koon

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Two sets of remotely sensed images, 1986 Landsat Multispectral Scanner and a 2000 Landsat Thematic Mapper +, were used in a change detection study to determine decline and growth of conifers in Grant and Tucker Counties. The images were registered, preprocessed for atmospheric effects, ratioed using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, and categorized. A thematic change calculation was performed indicating growth and decline of vegetation. The resulting information was combined with ancillary data for GIS spatial analysis. The results showed an overall increase in vegetation and specifically on abandoned mine lands. Statistical tests showed decline occurred on steeper slopes, but was …

Do You Recall Where You Where When...?: Support For Automatic Encoding Of One's Location, Kristen Lea Neal

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The present experiment tested whether one's personal location is automatically encoded into memory. Twenty-one groups of students were given a tour of the Marshall University campus. At each of 10 locations on the tour, participants were told an interesting fact about the University. Participants were informed of a test following the tour assessing their recall of the facts. In addition, half of the participants were also told their recall of the location at which each fact was presented would be tested. Immediately following and two weeks after the tour, participants completed a memory test which assessed their (a) recognition of …

Hk-2 Cells As A Human Model Of Glucuronide Transport, Eliza E. Robertson

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Glucuronidation is primarily a pathway of detoxification in most species, but many glucuronide conjugates are associated with toxicity. Numerous drugs are excreted in the urine as glucuronide conjugates. Being organic anions, it is likely that glucuronides are secreted into the urine by organic anion transporters found in renal proximal tubule cells (PTCs). Some drugs that are metabolized by glucuronidation have been shown to cause renal toxicity, yet little is known about the renal handling of glucuronide conjugates. It is hypothesized that glucuronides are transported into renal PTCs by an organic anion transporter (OAT) on the basolateral membrane of the cell. …

The Impact Of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (Adhd) On Families: The Perceptions Of Families With An Adhd Child, Patrick Whaley

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

This study extended the research to include a more complete description o f parents’ perceptions and the impact had on their family functioning. The researcher selected the participants with two categories in mind: (A) Parents must live or not live with an ADHD diagnosed child; (B) Parents will provide their consent for this study. The researcher used the Parenting Stress Index (PSI). The PSI is used to identify stress levels in parent-child systems. By using a t-test for independent samples, the treatment group responded with more stress than the control group (T= 10.143, 28). The researcher found a statistically significant …

The Genetic And Molecular Characterization Of The Polycystic Kidney Disease-Causing Mouse Gene Bicc1, Sarah J. Price

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is one of the most common hereditary diseases and is characterized by progressive cyst formation, substantial renal enlargement, and frequently, progression to end-stage renal disease. One way to learn more about the etiology of this disease is to study mouse models that imitate the human situation. The juvenile congenital polycystic kidney disease (jcpk) gene on mouse Chromosome 10 has been found to cause a severe, early onset form of PKD when inherited in an autosomal recessive manner (Flaherty et al., 1995). Previous genetic studies mapped the jcpk locus to a 1 cM region on mouse Chromosome …

Identifying At Risk Youth For Delinquency In Southern West Virginia, Roderick Q. Neal

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Juvenile delinquency has been an important area of study. Academics, practitioners, politicians, and legal scholars have devoted their attention to basic questions about the nature of youth crime. This report was designed to identify which psychological and social variables are statistically reliable predictors of significant juvenile delinquency in southern West Virginia. In an effort to identify at risk youth, 200 subjects were administered a 16-question survey. This survey had a mixture of continuous and categorical psychological and social variables and the data was analyzed using Logistic Regression strategies. One hundred of the subjects had been referred to a juvenile probation …

Domestic Violence In Appalachia With A Focus On Cabell County, Wv, Deborah Ann Moore

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

This study of domestic violence in Appalachia with a focus on Cabell County, West Virginia involves many aspects. The costs of domestic violence, as well as, how abused women here conceptualize the major contributors to abusive behavior in men are examined. The demographics of Cabell Co., WV are discussed. The effects of battering and violence on woman’s work and employability are examined. What I did not anticipate to find through the qualitative interviews is the absence of a honeymoon stage in Walker’s (1989) cycle of violence. Goode’s (1971) resource theory provides an influential explanation of violence in Appalachia where a …

Measuring The Effect Of Wife Employment Status On First-Time Father Stress, Brad Petry

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

This thesis examines the important aspect of changing stress levels in first-time expectant fathers at six months of term prenatal (time one), at eight months of term prenatal (time two), and one month postpartum (time three). The changing stress level was measured in relation to the employment status of the wife during pregnancy. Stress levels were measured using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Data used in this research was obtained by Dr. Robert Rodriguez for use in his doctoral dissertation. Changes in expectant father stress level in accordance to wives’ employment status were insignificant at time 1 (f = .159), …

The Use Of Ergogenic Aids Among High School Athletes In Eastern Kentucky, John Robert Brandenburg

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

A fifteen-question survey was developed to study the use of over-the counter nutrition supplements by high school athletes in eastern Kentucky. Athletic trainers from four local high schools were given one hundred permission forms and surveys. After two weeks only a small number (n=25) completed the requirements to participate in the study. The twenty-five participants consisted of male (n=15) and female (n=10). The athletes with the highest frequency of supplement use were football players (67.7%). The supplements with the highest use were protein powders (n=13) and creatine monohydrate (n=9).

Welfare As A Social Control In The United States, Jimmi Sue Brown

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The question is whether the Clinton Administration “reforms” were a revolutionary concept or an extension of history’s pattern of forgetting the “deserving poor” and ignoring the “undeserving poor”. A literature search was conducted focusing on the deserving and undeserving poor in the United States over the past century. Historically, the deserving poor were defined as people who were impoverished as a consequence of old age, mental illness, physical illness and blindness or widowed and orphaned. The undeserving poor were people who were able to work, but did not and people of color. There have been occasions when the unemployed were …

Punishing The Poor: America’S Use Of The Welfare System As A Means Of Controlling The Impoverished, Jill R. Foley

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Throughout America’s history, various welfare assistance programs have been implemented in an attempt to prevent the poor from coordinating a social uprising to overturn capitalism. Applying sociologist Karl Marx’s theories on capitalism and the presence of a false versus a class consciousness one can trace the growth of industrialization in American with the increasing efforts devoted to subduing the impoverished. Actions ranging from the imprisonment of the poor to child saving in the 1700 and 1800s to the use of police force to dissipate uprisings of the indigent in the 1900s provide evidence of the government's continued efforts to prevent …

Smoking Cessation Education Needs As Reported By Current Smokers, Former Smokers, And Nurses, Ana Grynwald

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a difference in the importance of selected smoking cessation information to current smokers, former smokers, and nurses in the Appalachian population. There were no instruments found in the literature to assess the perceptions of educational content for smoking cessation, therefore, a Smoking Cessation Education (SCE) survey was developed to measure the perceptions. The conceptual framework for this study was based on the Health Belief Model developed by psychologists Drs. Godfrey M. Hochbaum, S. Stephen Kegeles, Howard Leventhal, and Irwin M. Rosenstock..

Design: The SCE is a ten question …

Roles Of Pkc Isozymes In Retinoic Acid-Induced B16 Mouse Melanoma Cell Growth Inhibition And Differentiation, Jianming Han

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Protein Kinase C (PKC) has been implicated in many cellular responses. Of the 11 isotypes in this family, seven are expressed in B16 mouse melanoma cells − PKCα, PKCδ, PKCε, PKCθ, PKCλ, PKCζ, and PKCµ.

Treatment of B16 cells with retinoic acid (RA) results in growth inhibition and differentiation. Simultaneously, RA induces a 6-8 fold increase of PKC α protein level, but only about 2-fold increase of PKC enzyme activity. The over- expression of wild type PKCα in B16 cells mimicked the action of RA. The over- expression of enzymatically inactive PKCα, either open or closed conformation, also inhibited B16 …

Docosahexaenoic Acid Modulates Class I Major Histocompatibility Complex Protein Function, Kaleb Marie Hypes

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Fatty acids influence immune responses, but how this occurs at the molecular level is not understood. Class I major histocompatibility complex molecules (MHC I), transmembrane proteins required for antigen presentation to T cell receptors, each consist of a 45kDa α chain noncovalently associated with a 12-kDa β₂-microglobulin (β₂m) molecule. Docosahexaenoic acid’s (DHA) effect on the binding of β₂m and anti-MHC I monoclonal antibodies (Mab) was measured. EL4 and RMA-S cells were cultured 48 hours with 0-45µM DHA or oleic acid. Murine to human β₂m exchange and Mab binding were assessed by fluorescence …