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2004

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A Study On The Mode Of User Interface For The Elderly., Wang-Chin Tsai Nov 2004

A Study On The Mode Of User Interface For The Elderly., Wang-Chin Tsai

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mode of user interface of consumer electronic appliances for the elderly. For this purpose, a digital clock was chosen with five different interface modes in this experiment. Forty elderly subjects (above 65 yrs) and forty middle-elderly subjects (45-64 yrs) participated in this study. Each subject had to operate three different tasks such as time setting, alarm time setting, and date setting. We investigated how problems encountered when performing these tasks, and collected data such as operation time, total number of input, and subjective estimation. The findings of this study indicated that …

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Macroscopic Feature Driven Shape Generation Method For Curve Design Support., Yoshiki Ujiie, Yoshiyuki Matsuoka Nov 2004

Macroscopic Feature Driven Shape Generation Method For Curve Design Support., Yoshiki Ujiie, Yoshiyuki Matsuoka

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In styling design, the construction of method for representation of macroscopic feature and the construction of method for control of macroscopic feature are important. This paper describes the method for representation of macroscopic feature "complexity" in curved profile, and the shape generation method for control of complexity. Firstly, method for representation of macroscopic feature "complexity" was proposed. "Complexity" affects evaluation of the important factor on design, such as "beauty" and "similarity." In the present study, the method for representation of complexity was applied to the diverse curved profiles. As a result, it was found that curvature integration represents the complexity …

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Resistant Geometry, Architecture And Subjectivity., Tom Loveday Nov 2004

Resistant Geometry, Architecture And Subjectivity., Tom Loveday

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Can there be a de-subjectivised architectural design practice? This paper draws on some of the issues discussed in my PhD in regard to the relationship between art and architecture. The paper starts with the proposition that with the revival of visually aestheticised architectural design through digital representation, that there is a strengthening of “Enlightenment Subjectivity” in architectural design. It is proposed that this strengthening draws design in architecture away from trends towards de- subjectivisation in other disciplines such as art theory and philosophy. It is expected that the conclusion to the paper will be that, due to this resurgence of …

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Exploring Emotional Responses On Empathic Objects., Ming-Huang Lin, Yu-Hung Chien Nov 2004

Exploring Emotional Responses On Empathic Objects., Ming-Huang Lin, Yu-Hung Chien

DRS Biennial Conference Series

According to Franco Fornari’s theory of ‘affective codes’, and the concept of ‘transitional objects’ from the studies of British psycholoanalyst Donald Woods Winnicott, Alberto Alessi, the key figure in his organisation, has developed and established the language of empathic objects in the Alessi workshop and through subsequent production. These objects reveal great passion and display the strong Alessi identity. Alessi’s discovery illustrates a fascinating and exciting psychological approach to design. Based on his hypotheses, this research aims to probe people’s emotional responses when facing these objects.

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The Relationship Between Package Visual Design Of Green Products And Consumer Behavior - An Example Of Green Laundry Detergent Package., Chen-Fu (Daniel) Chen, Yian-Lin Ling Nov 2004

The Relationship Between Package Visual Design Of Green Products And Consumer Behavior - An Example Of Green Laundry Detergent Package., Chen-Fu (Daniel) Chen, Yian-Lin Ling

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This research explains the specific relationship between consumer buying behavior and the package visual design. This research involves a questionnaire survey of consumers through the package visual design of green products with the Eco-label in Taiwan. The laundry detergent product category has been selected for the sample. The related research issues, such as functions of product package, green package design, definitions of green products, and green consumption, are also discussed. This research has explained the influential factors, including both categories of aesthetic and environmental appeal factors, to the green package visual design of the laundry detergent, which may help designers …

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The Legibility Of Chinese Characters In The Perspective Environment., Chiwu Huang Nov 2004

The Legibility Of Chinese Characters In The Perspective Environment., Chiwu Huang

DRS Biennial Conference Series

How to present a large amount of information in a limited computer display space is always an important issue. One of the solutions is to present information three dimensionally. Perspective is one of the reasons that people can perceive things three dimensionally on a computer display. However, in a perspective background the legibility of Chinese characters might be affected. Therefore, this research aims to explore the legibility of Chinese characters in the computer perspective environment. The legibility test was used for the research. First, a perspective space was simulated on a computer screen. A few sets of Chinese characters were …

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Intuitive Interaction With Complex Artefacts., Alethea Blackler, Vesna Popovic, Douglas Mahar Nov 2004

Intuitive Interaction With Complex Artefacts., Alethea Blackler, Vesna Popovic, Douglas Mahar

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper addresses the application of intuitive interaction to interface design. Intuition is based on experiential knowledge and people can only use intuitive processing if they have previous experience to draw on. Previous research has revealed that prior knowledge of features of a digital camera and a universal remote control allowed participants to use those features intuitively. An experiment was conducted to test various interfaces applied to the universal remote control. The interfaces were designed according to principles developed previously. Users were video recorded doing set tasks with one of the four remote control interfaces. The video data were later …

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A Cross-Cultural Study On Colour Emotion And Colour Harmony., Li-Chen Ou, Ming Ronnier Luo, Guihua Cui, Angela Wright, Andrée Woodcock, Monica Billger, Beata Stahre, Rafael Huertas, Alain Tremeau, Eric Dinet, Klaus Richter Nov 2004

A Cross-Cultural Study On Colour Emotion And Colour Harmony., Li-Chen Ou, Ming Ronnier Luo, Guihua Cui, Angela Wright, Andrée Woodcock, Monica Billger, Beata Stahre, Rafael Huertas, Alain Tremeau, Eric Dinet, Klaus Richter

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This study investigates: (a) the relationship between colour combinations and adjective combinations and (b) to verify the colour harmony theory developed by Angela Wright (called the Wright theory in this study). Two experiments were carried out with subjects from the following six countries: Britain, China, France, Germany, Spain, and Sweden. In Experiment 1, 100 adjectives and 32 colours were used as stimuli presented on a calibrated Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) monitor. All the colour stimuli were selected evenly from four colour groups, CG 1 to CG 4, which were defined according to the Wright theory, and so were the adjectives, …

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Driving Experience And The Effect Of Challenging Interactions In High Traffic Context., Rafael Gomez, Vesna Popovic, Sam Bucolo Nov 2004

Driving Experience And The Effect Of Challenging Interactions In High Traffic Context., Rafael Gomez, Vesna Popovic, Sam Bucolo

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper focuses on exploring the emotional experience of driving and aims to identify some of the aspects that may influence this experience. The paper presents an exploratory study focusing on the driver’s experience during interaction with the vehicle interface while driving. The study is based on a data triangulation approach including interviews, observation, and think-aloud protocol. Preliminary analysis of the study provided encouraging indicative findings, identifying aspects of design that enhance and/or detract from the driving experience. Previous analysis suggests that context and situation have a dominant impact on the driving experience. Further analysis has shown that challenges with …

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Practical Uses Of Nanotechnology To Accelerate Design Innovation., Lyndon Anderson, Cameron Jones Nov 2004

Practical Uses Of Nanotechnology To Accelerate Design Innovation., Lyndon Anderson, Cameron Jones

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Nanotechnology promises a natural method to accelerate the complex task of innovation for many design problems by exploiting self-assembly and quantum processing at extreme scales of miniaturization. With this objective, a range of hybrid computer devices that use biological cells or chemical thin-films have been built to take advantage of nanoscale information processing. These devices are termed molecular computers and function by manipulating input sets of digital schematics or images stored to Compact Disc optical media. Light transmission through cells or chemical thin-films is a highly nonlinear phenomenon, and causes digital information to replicate with itself. This means that well-defined …

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The Importance Of Industrial Design For Small Wood Manufacturing Companies - An Analysis From The Manufacturers' Perspective., Kajsa Ekberg Nov 2004

The Importance Of Industrial Design For Small Wood Manufacturing Companies - An Analysis From The Manufacturers' Perspective., Kajsa Ekberg

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Although industrial design use in small companies has been discussed more frequently in the literature in the past few years, very little research has been specifically done on the wood industry. This article presents a study of design use in small wood manufacturing companies in the northeast region of Sweden. Qualitative empirical data was collected from nine wood manufacturing companies using a structured questionnaire combined with a series of semi-structured interviews. The results indicate that industrial design is important for increasing competitiveness in small wood manufacturing companies. The firms that had invested in design found that it was of vital …

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Vessels Of Expression And Flows Of Innovation: Some Reflections On The Relationship Between Toilet Design And Building Design., Andrew Martel, Paolo Tombesi Nov 2004

Vessels Of Expression And Flows Of Innovation: Some Reflections On The Relationship Between Toilet Design And Building Design., Andrew Martel, Paolo Tombesi

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The unpredictable nature of manufacturing products from vitreous china results in the sanity ware industry employing a prototype-based, trial-and-error process for the development of its product lines. These technological circumstances present opportunities to use project specific or one-off designs to develop innovations that may then flow back into the industry at large. Such developments may take one of two forms: (1) stylistic, aesthetic based innovation aimed at integrating the sanity ware into the style of the building project, and (2) architecture-autonomous technological innovation, not dependent on specific projects for stimulus and more on the manufacturers’ ongoing in-house developments and industry …

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Beyond Desktop Usability: Web Site Usability And Its Evaluation., Stephen Ar Scrivener, Chao-Yang Yang, Andrée Woodcock Nov 2004

Beyond Desktop Usability: Web Site Usability And Its Evaluation., Stephen Ar Scrivener, Chao-Yang Yang, Andrée Woodcock

DRS Biennial Conference Series

An Internet questionnaire survey was conducted in order to explore whether web users’ and web designers’ conceptions of usability differ, and whether these conceptions are encompassed within conventional HCI usability. The primary results of the survey were that: 1 The users and designers had different viewpoints. For example, the users wanted web sites that provide diverse functions and information, whereas the designers thought web sites should be designed thematically. Similarly, the users valued information content over visual design, the designers vice versa. 2 Usability goals, such as stickiness (i.e., a web site’s ability to engender user attachment to it), attractiveness …

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Commercialization Of New Materials In Consumer Goods., Ilse Van Kesteren, P V Kandachar Nov 2004

Commercialization Of New Materials In Consumer Goods., Ilse Van Kesteren, P V Kandachar

DRS Biennial Conference Series

New materials try to find their way into consumer goods, but not all do so with the same speed and success as revealed by this study on the development and application history of plastics. Three major actors can influence this commercialization process of new materials: material technologists, industrial design engineers and consumers. They can actively influence this process in some cases, but not in all cases. The factors affecting the commercialization process of plastics in the past have been analyzed to formulate recommendations for future generations of materials. Cooperation between material technologists and designers is considered as an important factor …

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Design For Uncertainty., Dirk Pons Nov 2004

Design For Uncertainty., Dirk Pons

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The development of engineering systems, whether those systems be products, plant or services, is a complex activity. The systems themselves are becoming more rather than less complex. Partly this arises from the need to optimise multiple system attributes including function, cost, resource usage, and style, among others. Also, most significant engineering projects involve diverse activities (including design, risk assessment, decision making, construction, and ongoing operation), and these invariably require teams of people with different skills. In turn that diversity requires effective management and leadership. Furthermore, the addition of electronic functionality and active control systems adds functionality but also introduces complex …

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The System Around The Product: Methodologies And Experiences Focusing On Material And Immaterial Aspects In Design Solutions., Nicola Morelli Nov 2004

The System Around The Product: Methodologies And Experiences Focusing On Material And Immaterial Aspects In Design Solutions., Nicola Morelli

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The design discipline has traditionally focused on products physical aspects, giving for granted that the context of services, infrastructures and technology will support the product life. A systemic perspective would revise such a focus, in order to project design competences over systemic aspects usually neglected by designers. This perspective shift is a challenge for designers, who have very efficient methods and tools to handle physical aspects of product design, but need to define an ‘operative paradigm’ to operate in a systemic context. An operative paradigm consists of a set of tools and methods to handle immaterial aspects such as time …

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Environ-Mental., Bev Lamey, Carol Bristow Nov 2004

Environ-Mental., Bev Lamey, Carol Bristow

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Loony Bins and madhouses; does the environment contribute to the wellbeing of mental health patients (clients)? Have the large Victorian asylums, where patients were hidden from public view, disappeared? Evidence suggests otherwise. People struggling with the distress and disruptive consequences of mental illness, are still kept in oppressive, unsympathetic environments. Research into patient focussed design and architecture has concentrated on physical health care environments and ignored psychiatric health care. As a result many psychiatric patients are still housed (and locked up) in former asylums with their outdated facilities and arrangements. The "Environ-mental" project and SEED is about design for wellbeing …

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An Exploratory Study Of Managing A Design Project., Chung-Hung Lin, Yu Lin Hsu Nov 2004

An Exploratory Study Of Managing A Design Project., Chung-Hung Lin, Yu Lin Hsu

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Managing a design project arguably needs a simplest organizational structure. There are established methods and procedures on which to base a suitable structure for managing design projects. Project management tends to deal not only with a process or system in carrying out a particular task (e.g. a military project) but also entails the crossing of functional and organizational boundaries to achieve higher levels of performance and productivity. In this research, the concern of project management is to use management skills in coordinating design activities with other tasks in the organization, ensuring the provision of comprehensive design activities being given a …

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Identification Of Graphic Character Influenced By The Design Of Characteristic Features., Regina Wang, Ting Chien Lin Nov 2004

Identification Of Graphic Character Influenced By The Design Of Characteristic Features., Regina Wang, Ting Chien Lin

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Graphic design of character has been included one of the main factors in corporate identity system. It makes people to create an interactive connection of emotions in addition to enhance brand loyalty though its gratifying appearance. The characteristic feature performs the important role during the graphic character is being designed. It is able to create clear memory and impression for observers if the features of character were illustrated. The core of the investigation is to clarify the characteristic features demanded in identifying a character and to find out the importance of them. It is found that at least five characteristics …

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The Role Of Designer-Client Communication In Determining Product Appearance., Nathan Crilly, James Moultrie, P John Clarkson Nov 2004

The Role Of Designer-Client Communication In Determining Product Appearance., Nathan Crilly, James Moultrie, P John Clarkson

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper reports on a series of interviews with practising industrial design consultants. The difficulties they encounter in communicating with clients on the subject of product appearance are discussed. The effects on the design process, manufacture and subsequent marketing of the product are explored. A preliminary tool is presented for communicating on the subject of consumer response to product appearance. Designers’ views on how this might assist in communicating with their clients are discussed. In closing the paper, suggestions for possible future work are presented and conclusions are drawn.

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Could Synergies Of Relations In Design Become The Basis For Professional Standards Of Eudaemonia?, John Wood Nov 2004

Could Synergies Of Relations In Design Become The Basis For Professional Standards Of Eudaemonia?, John Wood

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Where Marxism used negative terms such as 'alienation' to characterise the loss of enfranchisement and engagement in industrialised capitalism, this paper outlines positive methods for enhancing well being in education and industry. It develops an idea of John Ruskin (1851) as a possible method for helping designers to design for higher levels of synergy. Here, synergy is defined using ecological systems as a point of reference. If synergy can be mapped as a set of interdependent relations it would be possible to evaluate complex situations in the real world. The paper argues that we reduce synergy by design-related activities that …

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Visual/Verbal Meaning Collaboration In Redefining Interplay., Susan Hagan Nov 2004

Visual/Verbal Meaning Collaboration In Redefining Interplay., Susan Hagan

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The study of visual/verbal design has not yet resulted in effective principles of practice and analysis for the designer because our reigning perspectives either recast visual messages as objects to be “read,” reduce textual elements to unexamined “background material,” or remove message interests altogether in order to focus on the “presentation” of ideas separated from the ideas themselves. Given particular goals, these reducibility assumptions can yield reasonable, if incomplete, analyses. This fact explains both the persistence and popularity of these assumptions in light of their limitations. However, these assumptions ignore the status of visual and verbal elements as sui generis …

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An Eye Tracking Technique Towards Form Reasoning In Design Practices., Kuo-Jung Hsieh, Eleanor Jayne Browne Nov 2004

An Eye Tracking Technique Towards Form Reasoning In Design Practices., Kuo-Jung Hsieh, Eleanor Jayne Browne

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Question - how do individuals perceive visual forms in the indication of daily life interactions? The recording of eye movements during task operation can indicate levels of cognitive behaviours that have been considerably difficult to detect in the past. Fixation and saccades data which display ‘intention shift’ and ‘motor system drive’ illustrate how individuals interact with visual stimuli. Two experiments were coordinated to examine the possibility of visual form reasoning investigation in design applications. The broad results indicated that successful communication and decision-making were very likely comprised of three major elements – ‘stimulus presentation’, ‘context’ and ‘personal preference’. However, even …

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Chance Moves In The Gridded Garden: Experimental Investigations In Chinese Scholar Garden Design., Greg Missingham Nov 2004

Chance Moves In The Gridded Garden: Experimental Investigations In Chinese Scholar Garden Design., Greg Missingham

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper discusses experiments in rule-governed, though chance-based approaches to the design of contemporary Chinese-styled gardens inspired, in part, by contemporary minimalist landscape architectural design tactics. The results are compared both with other versions of rule-based understandings of the design of traditional Chinese scholar gardens and with such gardens, themselves. While inherent contradictions in the rule-governed approaches are exposed, their utility is demonstrated through discussion of a first and then a later version of the design of the Gridded Garden.

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The Big Brand: Designing A National Identity System. A New Australian Flag And Supporting Ensigns., Russell Kennedy Nov 2004

The Big Brand: Designing A National Identity System. A New Australian Flag And Supporting Ensigns., Russell Kennedy

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The paper tests the Advance Australia National Flag in the context of an extended visual identity program. The colonial flag system used by the Britain to brand its empire has provided an insight into the possible implementation of any new Australian flag design. The flag of the colonising country assumes a position of dominance in the canton or first quarter. The individual symbol or badge of the colony is then positioned in the field (prominent back ground colour) of the flag. If it is important for Australia to retain its state flags then any new Australian flag design should consider …

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Questioning Understanding: The Cultural Perception Of Visual Communication By Recent Immigrants To The U.S., Patricia Boman Nov 2004

Questioning Understanding: The Cultural Perception Of Visual Communication By Recent Immigrants To The U.S., Patricia Boman

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This research project documents the cultural perceptions and general comprehension of recent U.S. immigrants (immigrated within last 3 years) to visual communication designed to market a product or service. During interviews, participants will share their understanding of a variety of visual communication including: product advertisements, marketing brochures, packaging, and multimedia related to specific products and services ranging in quality and type from ordinary to luxury. Interview questions include but are not limited to the following: What does each example communicate to them? What do they think is the key idea or message of the example? Do they have a positive …

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Designing Text For The Screen: Setting Out The Criteria For The Legibility Of Type Designed To Be Read From The Computer Screen., Stuart Gluth Nov 2004

Designing Text For The Screen: Setting Out The Criteria For The Legibility Of Type Designed To Be Read From The Computer Screen., Stuart Gluth

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The legibility of text on the computer screen appears to be one of the most important problems that designers have currently, or any communicators perhaps. It may be that the paperless office has not come about largely because of the difficulty of reading text on the screen. More forests of paper than ever seem to be being consumed just so that people can read the vastly increased amount of information that their computers give them access to. Nor are high tech solutions such as greater screen resolution or non-screen presentations a solution for the majority of users because of cost …

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A Designer-Centred Method For Ergonomically-Informed In-Car Device Design., Eugene Chen, Andrée Woodcock, Stephen Ar Scrivener Nov 2004

A Designer-Centred Method For Ergonomically-Informed In-Car Device Design., Eugene Chen, Andrée Woodcock, Stephen Ar Scrivener

DRS Biennial Conference Series

A gap has been identified in evaluation methods that can be used by in-car device designers to capture the usability problems of representative end users, during concept design. Usability information has a vital role to play in design, yet all too frequently, this information is only gathered once concepts are stable and mature. At this stage ergonomics information and recommendations cannot have a major role in influencing the final design. Additionally many evaluation methods fail to evaluate in-car devices in their context of use, i.e. as a secondary task. An evaluation method is needed for concept design, that can be …

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Design As A Device., Sidney Newton Nov 2004

Design As A Device., Sidney Newton

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper will describe the collaborative research project as a case study in how design and other disciplines intersect. Critically, it will argue that what design brings to such a situation may have less to do with design as a particular methodology, and more to do with design as a new device for understanding and engaging with the material content of the project. The paper will argue that significant qualities otherwise (and typically) attributed to ‘the nature of design’, can in fact be accounted for through the phenomenological concept of ‘introducing’. This alternative account has clear implications for the future …

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Introducing Matik Service - Proposition For A New It Communication System Through An Approach In Kansei., Pierre Levy, Shin Young Park, Toshimasa Yamanaka Nov 2004

Introducing Matik Service - Proposition For A New It Communication System Through An Approach In Kansei., Pierre Levy, Shin Young Park, Toshimasa Yamanaka

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Even though IT is a very convenient tool for virtual communities to correspond, limitations are many and, for most of them, already known. This paper focuses on the issues related with tacit knowledge and subjective communication. The aim is to introduce an original software taking user’s subjectivity into account to optimize information flow. This research has been launch as a part of the 21st Century COE Program, sponsored by the MEXT, aiming at structuring Kansei as a science. Three laboratories with different specialties are working on this common program. As various knowledge is sharing between various people, a quick multiplication …

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