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An Investigation On The Effects Of Influenza Virus Infection As It Pertains To The Initiation Of Translation, Morgan Hager Mccoy

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Like the majority of host cell mRNAs, the mRNAs of influenza virus are capped and polyadenylated. The NS1 protein of influenza has been implicated as a translational activator for both influenza and reporter gene mRNAs. Data is presented showing that influenza A virus infection resulted in an increased ratio of cap-dependent to cap-independent translation. This ratio increase was largely due to an increase in cap-dependent translation. These experiments employed a bicistronic reporter construct measuring cap-dependent and cap-independent translation in a single sample. Expression of NS1 alone resulted in a small, but reproducible increase in the ratio of cap-dependent to cap-independent …

Can The Internet Be A Human Right?, Michael L. Best

Human Rights & Human Welfare

A review of:

Human Rights and the Internet edited by Steven Hick, Edward F. Halpin, and Eric Hoskins. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2000. 276pp.

Cosmopolitan Law—And Cruelty— On Trial, Matthew S. Weinert

Human Rights & Human Welfare

A review of:

Law against Genocide: Cosmopolitan Trials by David Hirsh. London: Cavendish/Glasshouse, 2003. 183pp.

Pinochet’S Chile: The United States, Human Rights, And International Terrorism, Todd Landman

Human Rights & Human Welfare

A review of:

International Human Rights and Authoritarian Rule in Chile by Darren Hawkins. Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press, 2002. 259 pp.

and

The Pinochet File: A Declassified Dossier of Atrocity and Accountability by Peter Kornbluh. New York and London: The New Press, 2003. 551 pp.

and

The Condor Years: How Pinochet and His Allies Brought Terrorism to Three Continents by John Dinges. New York: The New Press, 2004. 322 pp.

Negotiating Toleration: Engagement, Enforcement, And The Politics Of Recognition, Matthew S. Weinert

Human Rights & Human Welfare

A review of:

Toleration and Identity: Foundations in Early Modern Thought by Ingrid Creppell. New York: Routledge, 2003. 212pp.

and

How the Idea of Religious Toleration Came to the West by Perez Zagorin. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2003. 371pp.

Politics And International Justice In A World Of States, J. Peter Pham

Human Rights & Human Welfare

A review of:

War Crimes and Realpolitik: International Justice from World War I to the 21st Century by Jackson Nyamuya Maogoto. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2004. 267 pp.

Children’S Health And Human Rights, Norie Nogami

Human Rights & Human Welfare

One of the first international attempts to improve the health of children was by Ms.Eglantyne Jebb, a founder of Save the Children, during the aftermath of the WWI. She drafted the Geneva Declaration of the Rights of the Child, the first international children’s rights document adopted by the League of Nations in 1924. Today, in the Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) we have a more comprehensive and near universal legal instrument for children’s rights.

Health, Human Rights And The Pharmaceutical Industry, Gerald Montgomery

Human Rights & Human Welfare

The pharmaceutical industry is a crucial touchstone in the discussion of corporate responsibility to promote human rights. This relationship is, however, problematic at best and, at worst work in opposition to each other. At the same time that drug producers are instrumental in promoting a basic level of human welfare, the outlook of major pharmaceutical corporations are mitigated by unfiltered lenses of profit. With hundreds of millions of dollars spent on research and development, patenting, and marketing, they understandably develop strategies for handling reoccurring costs. But should a morally responsible international community redirect these costs to the developing world or …

Health Care And Professionals, Monica Fish

Human Rights & Human Welfare

One of the unfortunate truths of the current human rights regime is that it has given rise to an entirely new aid industry. Fortunate as it is that there are willing individuals eager to share their knowledge and expertise with those in need, the group of professional men and women making up the army of humanitarian workers is, perhaps, overextended and under appreciated. One way of helping the next generation of humanitarians to train and prepare for working within a context of human rights is to provide them with the sound analytical research based on research of current human rights …

Selecting For A Diverse Public Health Workforce - Community Health Education Mph Program For Admissi, Edward M. Mamary

Faculty Publications

The population of California continues to become more diverse; it has become increasingly important for California universities to provide graduate education to underrepresented groups and to prepare culturally competent health educators whose skills are adapted to these dynamic demographic changes. This paper describes the graduate admissions requirements of the four California-based graduate programs in Community Health Education (CHE) accredited by the Council on Education for Public Health (CEPH ) and uses the graduate admissions process at San Jose State University as a case example for selecting a cohort that reflects the cultural and linguistic diversity of the state. The use …

Embodied Perceptual Practices: Towards An Embrained And Embodied Model Of Mind For Use In Actor Training And Rehearsal, Shannon Rose Riley

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Why Teach Environmental Ethics? Because We Already Do, Raymond Benton Jr.

School of Business: Faculty Publications and Other Works

In this paper we argue for the importance of the formal teaching of environmental ethics. This is, we argue, both because environmental ethics is needed to respond to the environmental issues generated by the neoliberal movement in politics and economics, and because a form of environmental ethics is implicit, but unexamined, in that which is currently taught. We maintain that students need to become aware of the latent ethical dimension in what they are taught. To help them, we think that they need to understand how models and metaphors structure and impact their worldviews. We describe how a simple in-class …

Information Outlook, January 2004, Special Libraries Association

Information Outlook, 2004

Volume 8, Issue 1

The Standard For Setting Utility Rates In Wyoming: Restoring The Required Balance Between Investors And Customers, James M. Van Nostrand

Wyoming Law Review

No abstract provided.

Does Collaboration Matter? A Paradigm For Practical Educational Research, David Philip White

Plymouth Institute of Education Theses

What is the virtue in collaboration among practitioners in practical educational research? And if collaboration as elaborated here matters enough for us to care, how will our lives as practitioner-researchers be different? This thesis argues that collaborative research is more than a way of distributing the research burden; it forms a paradigm of practice which requires new modes of conduct andthinking. I illustratethetransformation of my practice from a collaborative methodology to a collaborative ethics, in which changes in status and relationships between participants implied new forms and sources of knowledge. The context of the thesis is a police training college …

Interactive Teaching In The National Numeracy Strategy: Tensions In A Supportive Framework, Nick Pratt

Plymouth Institute of Education Theses

This thesis is an exploratory study of teachers' and children's understandings of the National Numeracy Strategy, and of interactive whole class teaching in particular. It starts by identifying aspects of the Strategy that are of significance to teachers and develops these by detailing the challenges that face them in teaching in this way. Data are collected by means of interviews and classroom observations, progressively focusing the study. In particular, the way in which teachers and children understand the role of discourse in whole class discussion is examined. This understanding illuminates a tension between the rhetoric of the Strategy, which appears …

Factors Influencing The Seawater Solubility Of Aerosol Associated Trace Metals, Angela Biscombe

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

Recent recognition of the importance of trace metals in oceanic biogeochemical cycling and of the significance o f atmospheric trace metals inputs to marine waters, highlights the need to assess the dissolved trace metals inputs from atmospheric sources. Atmospheric inputs are important to the surface waters of the Eastern Mediterranean, due to the reduction of riverine inputs. High-volume aerosol samples were collected from Haifa, Israel and Erdemli, Turkey in 1996. These samples were characterised by air mass back trajectories, because contrasting aerosol sources (urban and crustal) are apparent in this region. Trace metal (Cu, Pb and Zn) seawater solubility studies …

Arsenic In The Pak Pa-Nang River Basin, Thailand, Saravuth Rattanachongkiat

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

The Pak Pa-Nang River Basin is located in southern Thailand. Its environmental degradation has been arising because its catchment is mineralized with substantial deposits of tin forming part of the SE Asian Tin Belt, with the presence of arsenopyrite gives rise to high arsenic concentrations, mobilized during past mining activity. Suitable techniques have been developed, for the extraction of arsenic species in a variety of environmental and biological samples. Trypsin and cellulase enzymatic extraction procedures were used to extract arsenic species from fish and plant samples, respectively. Arsenic species in sediments were determined following 1 M H3P04 extraction in an …

New Strategies To Determine The Distribution Of Trace Elements In Soils And Sediments, Rebeca Santamaria-Fernandez

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

Sequential chemical extraction to fractionate metals in soils and sediments into different groups reflecting their "leachability" has been widely employed to determine distribution of metals in different physico-chemical phases. A large number of sequential extraction schemes have been reported, most of them modifications of Tessier's extraction protocol. Although this method has been widely accepted, it is important to highlight that sequential extraction procedures are often tedious and time consuming and that they also suffer from a number of limitations, such as the problem of achieving selective dissolution and the re-adsorption of trace metals during extraction. The objective of this study …

Amino Acids As Diagnostics Of Soil And Soil Water Quality, Jane Madge Bobart Hawkins

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

Information on the contribution of amino acids to dissolved organic nitrogen and carbon exported from grassland soil is scarce. Evidence from the literature for other environments, suggests that determination of amino acid patterns of distribution may be a useful method for improved understanding of the interaction of microbial synthesis and degradation of organic N in conjunction with soil physical states. A sample pre-concentration technique and an HPLC methodology were developed that enabled the determination of dissolved free (DFAA) and combined (DCAA) amino acids in natural waters at picomolar concentration. These methods were used to examine the content of amino acids …

Holocene Palaeoclimate Reconstruction From New Zealand Peatlands, Zoe Jennifer Hazell

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

A selection of palaeoecological proxies were tested on two raised, ombrotrophic, restiad peat bog sites from the North Island of New Zealand. With varying degrees of success, peat humification, testate amoebae, plant macrofossil and charcoal analyses contributed to determining the palaeomoisture records from three cores on each site. Climatic inferences have successfully been made for the Waikato region, mid North Island, over the period between the Tuhua (6,130±30 14C years BP; 6,800-7,150 cal. years BP) and Taupo (1,850±10 14C years BP; 1,650-1,800 cal. years BP) tephras. 47 AMS radiocarbon ages contributed to the production of age-depth models. The peat humification …

Development Of Water Resources In Bahrain: A Combined Approach Of Supply-Demand Analysis, Mubarak Aman Al-Noaimi

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

Bahrain is an arid country with acute water shortage problems. The demand for water has increased substantially over the last four decades, leading to over-exploitation from the already scarce renewable groundwater resources. This has caused a significant decline in groundwater levels, a drastic storage depletion, and serious deterioration in groundwater quality. The imbalance between the available water supply and the projected water demand has been growing rapidly, imposing a major constraint on the country's socio-economic development. Resolving these problems or at least mitigating their adverse impacts primarily requires a major shift from the supply-oriented approach to water planning, which is …

Aqueous & Non-Aqueous Phase Tracer Migration Through Differing Soil Textures, Anthony Johnson

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

The National Grid Transco Company sponsored this project in order to promote the understanding of NAPL migration through b-horizon soils and retarding effects upon non aqueous species migration. Soil structure and texture was also studied using conservative (Bromide) and non-conservative (Phosphate) tracers. Experimental data was produced using a laboratory ½ metre scale automated lysimeter designed and constn1cted at Plymouth. The tracers were compared before oil injection, to calibrate differences in soil texture, and after oil injection to detect any changes in the flow patterns caused by the oil injection. It was found that the Crediton, Sollom and Conway soils respectively …

The Mobility And Speciation Of Antimony In Contaminated Soils And Waters, Martin James Nash

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

Total element concentrations, solid state partitioning and leaching characteristics of antimony are examined in surface soils at two contrasting field sites contaminated by former mining activities. These parameters are compared in each soil and related to selected soil properties and leachant solution pH to identify factors that influence the mobilisation of antimony in soils. Total element concentrations are determined in soils using an evaluated Mg(N03)2 ashing technique and highly elevated concentrations (up to 8202 mg kgˉ¹ antimony) are measured in soils formed on the surface of spoil heaps at these sites. A stream system bisects a spoil heap at one …

Foraminiferal Distribution And Sequence Stratigraphy Of Oxfordian Successions In The Wessex/Anglo-Paris Basin, Melissa Jane Oxford

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

The use of micropalaeontology within a sequence stratigraphic context is rapidly emerging as a valuable tool for the recognition of ancient cycles and sequences. This study shows how micropalaeontology can be used to develop insights into sequence stratigraphic interpretations. A micropalaeontology study of two Upper Jurassic, Oxfordian successions from the South . Dorset Coast, U.K. and the Normandy Coast, France provide the basis for this study. A near continuous succession of the Oxfordian from South Dorset and Normandy were obtained, and foraminifera extracted. Examination of the fauna revealed representatives from 23 families, comprising 36 genera and 126 species. All species …

Landslide Investigation In The Río Aguas Catchment, Southeast Spain, Andrew Barrie Hart

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

Many remote and/or rural communities Uve under the threat of major landslide activity. These remote areas are also increasingly the focus of development programmes which, without careful consideration of the ground conditions, will be at risk. The cost of mitigating against landslide activity can also be extremely high, possibly making prevention or avoidance the better long-term option. It is, therefore, of prime importance to assess the type and magnitude of the landslide activity affecting an area, particularly during the feasibility and planning stages of any project. The most straightforward approach to any landslide investigation is the compilation of a landslide …

The Development Of Diatom-Nutrient Palaeolimnological Inference Models For Uk Lowland Reservoirs, Amy Burgess

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

Deterioration of UK lowland reservoir water quality through cultural eutrophication is of concern for both water supply and conservation. This study represents the first attempt to develop diatom-based palaeolimnological inference models for the assessment of eutrophication in UK lowland reservoirs. Models are developed from a 46-reservoir calibration set comprising surface sediment diatom assemblages and contemporary environmental data measured seasonally between May 1999 and October 2000. Following removal of outliers the dataset spans a total phosphorus (TP) gradient of 12-242 µgl ˉ¹ (mean = 63), a chlorophyll-α (Chla) gradient of 1.8-25.5 µgl ˉ¹ (mean = 63) and a conductivity (EC) gradient …

High-Resolution Records Of Climate Change From Lacustrine Stable Isotopes Through The Last Two Millennia In Western Turkey, Matt Jones

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

Knowledge of past chmate variability is vital if the causes of observed chmate changes since instrumental records began are to be fully understood, particularly those, post-1850 AD, possibly due to anthropogenic activity. The past two millennia provide a long enough background with which to compare post-r850 AD change, whilst errors on proxy records remain relatively small. In the Eastem Mediterranean changes in water balance are of particular interest as water is an important resource. Oxygen isotope records from lakes in the region record changes in water balance and are therefore an important archive for observing natural, and anthropogenicaly forced, variabiUty …

Recovery Of The Mersey Estuary From Metal Contamination, Sarah Jane Watts

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

The Mersey Estuary has received significant quantities of industrial wastes and sewage over several decades. Although contaminant loads are reducing and the estuary is showing signs of recovery, the sediment reservoir remains a repository of historical contamination and still contains high concentrations of trace metals and organic compounds. A combination of hydrodynamic, sedimentary and geochemical processes are responsible for maintaining trace metal concentrations at present-day levels. The distributions of trace metals in bed sediments reflect changes in granulometry, differences in POC content and the magnitude of past inputs rather than the locations of point sources in the estuary. The association …

Specification Development For The Use Of Devon Cob In Earthen Construction, Kathryn Anne Coventry

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

The traditional earthen building practice of cob construction has been historically linked to Devon for many centuries. However no standards or specifications exist to facilitate a technical appraisal of the material. This thesis sets out to develop an appropriate test methodology for the classification and compressive strength determination of Devon cob. The absence of appropriate standards for cob construction is shown as a function of neglect for Devon cob as a potential construction material. National and international events that have re-kindled interest in earth as a building material are discussed, with particular reference to cob construction. A rationale is presented …