Digital Commons Network^™

Personal Fouls: How Sexual Assault By Football Players Is Exposing Universities To Title Ix Liability, Christopher M. Parent

Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Best Practices In Voluntary Driving Cessation Programs For Seniors, Cutr

Research Reports

No abstract provided.

Senior Transportation Alternatives: Why Are They Important And What Makes Them Work?, Cutr

Research Reports

No abstract provided.

Full Issue 6(4)

Journal of Public Transportation

No abstract provided.

A Review Of Approaches For Assessing Multimodal Quality Of Service, Rhonda G. Phillips, Martin Guttenplan

Journal of Public Transportation

Prompted by a need to respond to increasing traffic congestion, national, state, and local organizations have called for increased multimodal planning. This changing focus has added more complexity, data needs, and desire for supportive analytical tools to the transportation planning process overall. Multimodal performance methodologies are needed that can be readily applied. This article provides an analysis of existing methodologies to assess quality of service and related concerns for pedestrian, bicycle, and transit modes. It explores the methodologies in the context of supply-side considerations and provides considerations for their use. By placing transit-level service in line with pedestrian and bicycle, …

Externalities By Automobiles And Fare-Free Transit In Germany — A Paradigm Shift?, Karl Storchmann

Journal of Public Transportation

To mitigate automobile-caused externalities, several European cities have introduced fare-free transit schemes. Best known are the plans introduced in Hasselt, Belgium, and Templin, Germany. The staggering increases in ridership in both cities seem to prove the overwhelming success of this policy. In addition, a study carried out for the German Federal Ministry of Transportation scrutinized the program in Templin and found that a positive net effect is likely and fare-free transit is a viable policy to curb automobile externalities. Fare-free schemes are based on the economic theory of the second-best. Automobile users should be encouraged to shift to environmentally friendly …

Tree Fern (Dicksoniaceae And Cyathaceae) Allelopathy In The Monteverde Cloud Forest, December 2003, Katie Heckendom, Melody Saeman

Monteverde Institute: Tropical Ecology and Conservation

The purpose of this experiment was to look at the effects of Allelopathy between six species of tree ferns in the Monteverde Cloud Forest. We analyzed these effects by comparing plant abundances under the tree ferns to controls. We also compared controls to germination of seeds and spores grown with water or leachate made from the tree fern fronds. We found significantly higher plant abundances in controls than under the tree ferns. Also significantly less seed and spore germination than controls was found. There was not a significant difference between species of tree ferns in their inhibition of plants under …

Vertical Stratification Of Moss-Dwelling Arthropod Communities In The Elfin Forest Of Monteverde, Costa Rica, December 2003, Joe Northrup

Monteverde Institute: Tropical Ecology and Conservation

The purpose of this study was to determine the community composition, S, H, E, N, and Smarg of arthropods living in epiphytic moss mats on vertical gradients, in the elfin forest of Monteverde, Costa Rica. Past studies have shown that moss mats alter biotic factors of the surrounding environment by increasing moisture and decreasing temperature variation. Moss samples were collected from 1 m, 7 m, and 15 m from nine trees between 1725 m and 1800 m and dried using Berlese funnels. Arthropods were separated by order and morphospecies. N was highest at 15 m, Smarg and S were highest …

Progress In Reducing Tobacco Use Across Nebraska, Jeff Willett, Ian Newman, Cheryl Wiese, Seth Emont, Tandiwe Njobe, Peter Finn

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States, causing over 400,000 deaths annually. In Nebraska each year, 2,400 adults die prematurely because of cigarette smoking. It is estimated that 45,000 Nebraskans now under the age of 18 will eventually die prematurely from cigarette smoking. Cigarette smoking is responsible for $419 million of Nebraska's annual health care costs (representing approximately 7 percent of the state's annual health care costs, including 12 percent of Nebraska's annual Medicaid expenditures), and smoking-related mortality results in over $400 million in forgone future earnings in the state per year.
In 2000, …

Impact Of Firm Performance Expectations On Ceo Turnover And Replacement Decisions, Kathleen A. Farrell, David A. Whidbee

Department of Finance: Faculty Publications

Our analysis suggests that boards focus on deviation from expected performance, rather than performance alone, in making the CEO turnover decision, especially when there is agreement (less dispersion) among analysts about the firm’s earnings forecast or there are a large number of analysts following the firm. In addition, our results suggest that boards are more likely to appoint a CEO that will change firm policies and strategies (i.e., an outsider) when forecasted 5-year EPS growth is low and there is greater uncertainty (more dispersion) among analysts about the firm’s long-term forecasts.

Occupational Therapy Job Satisfaction In The Geriatric Setting, Dawn Doctor

Masters Theses

This study examined the level of job satisfaction among occupational therapists working in the geriatric setting in the state of Michigan. The purpose of this study was to determine if burnout exists among occupational therapists working in a geriatric setting. Questionnaires from 29 therapists who work in a·geriatric setting were analyzed. The majority of the respondents reveled they are not burned out, but do report at least one sign of stress within their job. The most common forms of stress were treating difficult diagnoses, excessive paperwork, excessive caseload, increased productivity expectations, the lack of respect for occupational therapy, and the …

Out Of Office And In The News: Early Projections Of The Clinton Legacy, Lori Cox Han, Matthew J. Krov

Political Science Faculty Articles and Research

During the first year after a president has left office, the tone and topic of news media coverage can influence a legacy greatly. This study examines coverage of Bill Clinton during his first year out of office in the New York Times and on network news shows and compares this coverage to that of Ronald Reagan and George Bush during their first years out of office. We find that Clinton received substantially more news coverage during the first year out of office than did either Reagan or Bush, and that Clinton's coverage in the media was also more critical and …

A Workforce Divided: Community, Labor, And The State In Saint-Nazaire's Shipbuilding Industry, 1880-1910, By Leslie A. Schuster, Michael S. Smith

Faculty Publications

A review of A Workforce Divided: Community, Labor, and the State in Saint-Nazaire's Shipbuilding Industry, 1880-1910, by Leslie A. Schuster

Comparisons Of Electron Fluxes Measured In The Crustal Fields At Mars By The Mgs Magnetometer/Electron Reflectometer Instrument With A B Field-Dependent Transport Code, Michael W. Liemohn, David L. Mitchell, Andrew F. Nagy, Jane L. Fox, Tamara W. Reimer, Yingjuan J. Ma

Physics Faculty Publications

We compare Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) magnetometer/electron reflectometer data with results from a B field–dependent kinetic transport code for ‘‘superthermal’’ electrons. The photoelectrons created on crustal field loops, when they are on the dayside, allow for the exploration of the magnetic topology and the upper atmospheric density structure. A case study of a typical orbit of the MGS satellite through the strong crustal field region in the southern hemisphere of Mars is examined. The results indicate that the low solar wind dynamic pressure during the selected orbit allowed for the expansion of the crustal field line to relatively high altitudes. …

Sector Differences In Student Learning: Differences In Achievement Gains Across School Years And During The Summer, William Carbonaro

Journal of Catholic Education

Public and private schools have been the focus of considerable research, comparing student achievement, attendance, dropout rates, graduation rates, disciplinary incidents, and a variety of educational and prosocial outcomes across sectors. Comparative studies of student achievement have tended to concentrate on the high school years and without any effort to measure gains or losses during specific years. This study concludes that sector differences in learning vary across grade levels and that summer learning rates vary by school sector. More study of sector differences in learning is recommended, especially longitudinal studies that examine seasonal gains across school sector over the entire …

Transitional Justice: The Un And The Sierra Leone Special Court, Richard S. Williamson

Cardozo Public Law, Policy & Ethics Journal

The article explores the role of transitional justice in post-conflict societies, with a focus on the United Nations' efforts to address war crimes and promote reconciliation. It highlights the establishment of the Sierra Leone Special Court and the Truth and Reconciliation Commission as key mechanisms for accountability and healing. The article argues that transitional justice is essential for national reconciliation, democracy, and long-term peace, emphasizing the importance of balancing justice with the need to avoid destabilizing fragile post-conflict societies.

Practitioners Put Research Into Practice Strengthening Community-Based Pregnant And Parenting Teen Programs, Elizabeth J. Gong, Marilyn J. Johns, Fe Moncloa

Journal of Extension

The United States teen birth rate remains the highest of any industrialized nation. Although nationally the rate is declining, the problem remains complex and significant. Cooperative Extension staff in three San Francisco, California Bay Area counties partnered with six community-based teen pregnancy program site practitioners to adopt a new best practice to improve their programs. This article reports on the process, the implementation, and outcomes for both pregnant and parenting teen participants and programs. Male involvement, family involvement, and youth development/participation in sports and exercise were the best practices chosen for implementation.

Sector Differences In Opportunities For Parental Involvement In The School Context, Gail M. Mulligan

Journal of Catholic Education

Research has consistently related school effectiveness to parental involvement. Catholic schools in particular have tended to have high levels of parental involvement, more so than public schools. This study measured the opportunities for parental involvement present in private and public schools. While Catholic school parents tend to demonstrate higher levels of parental involvement than public school parents, public schools offer significantly more opportunities for parental involvement than Catholic schools.

Testing Field Marks Of Adult Dowitchers In Ohio: The Testimony Of Specimens, Bill Whan

Ohio Cardinal

No abstract provided.

The Importance Customers Place On Specific Service Elements Of Bus Rapid Transit, Michael R. Baltes

Journal of Public Transportation

Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) is a rapidly growing national trend in the provision of public transportation. At present, with more than 150 New Start Rail Projects currently in the FTA pipeline, a wide range of alternatives is necessary to fulfill the demand for cost-effective rapid public transportation. As a lower cost, high-capacity mode of public transportation, BRT can serve as an option to help address the growing traffic congestion and mobility problems in both urban and nonurban areas. Careful documentation and analyses of BRT systems and the unique features of these projects will help determine the most effective features offered …

Bus Transit And Land Use: Illuminating The Interaction, Andy Johnson

Journal of Public Transportation

Attracting people to public transit in urban areas has proven to be a difficult task indeed. Recent research on the transportation–land use connection has suggested that transit use can be increased through transit-friendly land use planning. While significant evidence exists that a relationship between land use and transit is apparent, the exact nature of the relationship remains ambiguous. Despite the murky nature of the relationship, many practitioners and researchers have asserted claims regarding land use policy, namely TOD, and its effect on travel. This article examines the effect of land use, socioeconomics, and bus transit service on transit demand in …

Evaluating The Urban Commute Experience: A Time Perception Approach, Yuen-Wah Li

Journal of Public Transportation

This article examines the perception of travel time and evaluation of the urban commute experience. It reviews the literature on time perception in psychology, positing perceived travel time as a function of commute characteristics, journey episodes, travel environments, and expectancy. Insights from emerging behavioral economics are drawn to illuminate evaluation of the urban commute experience. The perception–evaluation correspondence presents the potential of a new research approach to travel behavior. A time perception model for evaluating urban commute experience is formulated to accommodate all the posited relationships, with possible moderations by goal attainment, economic values associated, and time urgency. Practical significance …

Far From The Finish Line: Transsexualism And Athletic Competition, Jill Pilgrim, David Martin, Will Binder

Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

A Historical View Of Intellectual Property Rights In The Palestinian Territories, Ihab G. Samaan

LLM Theses and Essays

Before introducing any new intellectual property (IP) laws in the Palestinian Territories, it is necessary to determine which IP laws are in force there today. This study traces the development of IP laws in Palestine since the end of the Ottoman era until the Palestinian Authority assumed responsibilities in certain parts of the West Bank and Gaza Strip. The study then summarizes the pertinent laws established as currently in force , and offers a comparative analysis of these laws with the requirements of the TRIPS Agreement. Finally, this study raises a number of crucial issues that must be addressed prior …

The Effects Of Feedback, Goals, And Consequences On Response Time For Medical Staff In A Medical-Surgical Hospital Setting, Don K. Nielsen

Masters Theses

Organizational Behavior Management (OBM) has developed procedures useful in addressing a variety of organizational challenges. Frequently used components of OBM interventions include feedback, goal setting, and consequences. Literature on various combinations of these components is abundant but there are few reports of their use in the hospital setting. Specifically, no published studies were found that focus on response time of answering patient calls. The present study was an attempt to evaluate the effects of feedback, goals, and consequences on the latency of responses to patient calls. A multiple-baseline design across individuals was used in a hospital setting to evaluate the …

Community Norms And Organizational Practices: The Legitimization Of Wage Arrears In Russia, 1992-1999, John S. Earle, Andrew Spicer, Klara Sabirianova Peter

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

What role do community norms play in the diffusion and persistence of new organizational practices? We explore this question through an examination of the widespread practice of wage arrears, the late and non-payment of wages, in Russia during the 1990s. Existing research on wage arrears most often examines this practice as a means of flexible wage adjustment under difficult economic conditions. We develop an alternative theory that explains wage arrears through their acceptance as a legitimate form of organizational behavior within local communities. Our empirical analysis finds some support for the neoclassical position that wage arrears reflect adjustment to negative …

Redevelopment And Gis As Tools For Altering Crime Patterns, Jason R. Naess

Master's Projects

This planning report seeks to demonstrate a relationship between crime, neighborhood disinvestment/blight, and therefore the location of redevelopment project areas. Establishing that relationship, the report also describes the use of GIS and crime mapping to identify and prioritize areas which merit priority in redevelopment spending.

The City of Oakland is tised as a model to demonstrate how a jurisdiction can use its current GIS crime-tracking system to identify and prioritize areas for redevelopment agency spending.

Gender Differences In Accurate Route Recall In Novice Drivers Using Landmarks In Electronic Maps, Kimberly K. Brantley

Master's Theses - Daytona Beach

Past literature has found a link between gender and accuracy of route recall in traditional paper maps using landmarks. Research also suggests that what is already known about wayfinding behavior in the physical world can be applied to computer-generated environments. The goal of this study is to merge these two conclusions to determine if gender and route recall differences remain constant for global, electronic maps. Analysis of gender by accuracy as measured by number of trials showed that males required fewer trials (M = 3.63) than females (M = 4.09), F (1,99) = 7.29, p < .05 and accuracy as measured by number of errors in trial 1 also showed that males had fewer errors (M = 3.33) than females (M = 4.09), F (1,99) = 5.79, p < .05. Analysis of landmarks by accuracy as measured by number of trials showed participants viewing Landmark High Maps required fewer trials (M = 3.64) than those viewing Landmark Low Maps (M = 4.12), F (1,99) = 7.68, p < .05. Accuracy as measured by number of errors in trial 1 showed participants viewing Landmark High Maps had fewer errors in trial 1 (M = 3.16) than those viewing Landmark Low Maps (M = 4.33), F (1,99) = 11.87.

Foreword, Sidney D. Watson

Saint Louis University Law Journal

No abstract provided.

A Thirteenth Amendment Challenge To Both Racial Disparities In Medical Treatments And Improper Physicians’ Informed Consent Disclosures, Larry J. Pittman

Saint Louis University Law Journal

No abstract provided.