Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2003

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 18751 - 18780 of 18895

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Generation X In Law School: The Dying Of The Light Or The Dawn Of A New Day, Tracy L. Mcgaugh Jan 2003

Generation X In Law School: The Dying Of The Light Or The Dawn Of A New Day, Tracy L. Mcgaugh

Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Supreme Court Section 1983 Decisions: (October 2001 Term), Martin A. Schwartz Jan 2003

Supreme Court Section 1983 Decisions: (October 2001 Term), Martin A. Schwartz

Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

Go to article

September 11th: Pro Bono And Trauma, Marjorie A. Silver Jan 2003

September 11th: Pro Bono And Trauma, Marjorie A. Silver

Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Towards A Single Definition Of Armed Conflict In International Humanitarian Law: A Critique Of Internationalized Armed Conflict, James G. Stewart Jan 2003

Towards A Single Definition Of Armed Conflict In International Humanitarian Law: A Critique Of Internationalized Armed Conflict, James G. Stewart

All Faculty Publications

The strict division of international humanitarian law into rules applicable in international armed conflict and those relevant to armed conflicts not of an international nature is almost universally criticized. Even though attempts to abandon the distinction were made at every stage of negotiation of the Geneva Conventions and their Protocols, calls for a single body of international humanitarian law have since died out. This article revives those calls by highlighting the inadequacies of the current dichotomy’s treatment of internationalized armed conflicts, namely, armed conflicts that involve internal and international elements. It concludes that the law developed to determine this “internationalization” …

Go to article

Tax Policy And Global Warming, David G. Duff Jan 2003

Tax Policy And Global Warming, David G. Duff

All Faculty Publications

The Canadian government announced its ratification of the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change on December 17, 2002. Under this protocol, Canada has agreed to reduce annual emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) to 6 percent below 1990 levels during the period 2008-2012 - a commitment that requires a 30 percent reduction relative to projected GHG emissions for 2010 assuming business as usual. In order to achieve this objective, the Canadian government has established specific reduction targets and proposed various policy instruments in its climate change action plan (CCAP) released in November 2002. Although the main …

Go to article

Introducing Critical Appraisal Of Biomedical Literature To First-Year Medical Students In Histology, Joseph Forester, Maria Cole, Pamela P. Thomas, David Mcwhorter Jan 2003

Introducing Critical Appraisal Of Biomedical Literature To First-Year Medical Students In Histology, Joseph Forester, Maria Cole, Pamela P. Thomas, David Mcwhorter

Faculty and Staff Publications

During the preclinical phase of medical school, most students rely on instructor-provided lecture notes and required textbooks, and note taking during lectures. By the time medical students begin their clinical clerkships, they are accustomed to accepting the word of authority at face value. Paradoxically, physicians must be able to critically evaluate and solve patient problems from a rapidly expanding body of biomedical literature. To address this discrepancy and to help show the relevance of histology to medicine, we implemented a program to introduce critical reading of biomedical literature throughout our 21-week histology course. During weeks one through four, students in …

Go to article

Parenting And Adult Development: Contexts, Processes, And Products Of Intergenerational Relationships, Rob Palkovitz, Loren D. Marks, David W. Appleby, Erin K. Holmes Jan 2003

Parenting And Adult Development: Contexts, Processes, And Products Of Intergenerational Relationships, Rob Palkovitz, Loren D. Marks, David W. Appleby, Erin K. Holmes

Faculty Publications

For the past 50 years, parenthood has been discussed in social science literature as a context of adult development. Theories, anecdotes, and the opinions of laypersons are nearly unanimous: People who become parents and are involved in the raising of children are transformed and follow a different developmental trajectory from people who do not engage in parenting roles. Erickson (1950) suggested that positive adult development reflects care for the next generation, or "generativity," and that parenthood is "the first, and for many, the prime generative encounter" (Erickson, 1964, p. 130). More recently, parenthood has been described as a necessary but …

Go to article

The Ecosystem Of Partnerships: A Case Study Of A Long-Term University-Community Partnership, Gary Daynes, Scott L. Howell, Nathan K. Lindsay Jan 2003

The Ecosystem Of Partnerships: A Case Study Of A Long-Term University-Community Partnership, Gary Daynes, Scott L. Howell, Nathan K. Lindsay

Faculty Publications

This article presents a case study describing a robust fortyeight- year partnership between the Boy Scouts of America, Brigham Young University, Utah Valley State College, and others in an annual merit badge Powwow1 for Boy Scouts. Service-learning occurs as five hundred university students and faculty prepare for and teach merit badge classes to five thousand Boy Scouts as part of this Powwow. The article presents the history and operation of the Powwow, describes benefits to participants, and identifies some of the factors that contribute to the enduring nature of the partnership. The case study suggests that partnerships are similar to …

Go to article

What Constitution Does Europe Need? The House That Giscard Built: Constitutional Rooms With A View, Paul Craig Jan 2003

What Constitution Does Europe Need? The House That Giscard Built: Constitutional Rooms With A View, Paul Craig

Articles by Maurer Faculty

This paper presents an overview of key features of the Draft Constitution. The analysis is divided into two broad parts. There is an horizontal perspective which analyses the regime of power, control and accountability within the Draft Constitution. The discussion within this section focuses more specifically on the inter-institutional division of power, the Charter of Rights and the provisions concerning the Community courts. The second part of the paper considers the Draft Constitution from a vertical perspective, viz the impact of the Constitution on the relations between the EU and the Member States. The more specific topics discussed within this …

Go to article

Clinical And Forensic Outcomes From The Illinois Mental Health Juvenile Justice Initiative, Michael Jenuwine, John S. Lyons, Gene Griffin, Sharon Quintenz, Michelle Shasha Jan 2003

Clinical And Forensic Outcomes From The Illinois Mental Health Juvenile Justice Initiative, Michael Jenuwine, John S. Lyons, Gene Griffin, Sharon Quintenz, Michelle Shasha

Articles by Maurer Faculty

To address the mental health needs of youths who are arrested and detained in Illinois, an initiative was designed and implemented that identified youths with psychotic or affective disorders, linked them to community services, and monitored their cases. This study assessed whether such linkage is possible and whether it improves clinical and forensic outcomes. METHODS: Under the initiative, court staff refer youths who may have a mental illness to a clinical liaison. If the youth is eligible for the program, the liaison works with the family to develop a community-based action plan. For the analysis presented here, the Child and …

Go to article

The Biology And Ecology Of Interactions Between The Predatory Nematode Clarkus Papillatus Bastian And Selected Bacterial Biological Control Agents., Kimberly A. Salinas Jan 2003

The Biology And Ecology Of Interactions Between The Predatory Nematode Clarkus Papillatus Bastian And Selected Bacterial Biological Control Agents., Kimberly A. Salinas

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Interactions of different nematodes with various biological control agents were examined in field and in vitro studies. In a field experiment conducted to determine effects of the bacterial biocontrol agent, Kodiakâ (Bacillus subtilis GBO3), on soil plant parasitic, predatory and free-living nematodes, no significant differences were found in the abundance of any nematode group among treated and untreated plots. Chemotaxis assays developed to evaluate the effects of Kodiakâ on the movement of the plant parasitic nematode Pratylenchus scribneri Steiner and the predatory nematode Clarkus papillatus Bastian detected no nematicidal or taxis effects. In another chemotaxis assay, bacterial isolates were examined …

Go to article

Adult Volunteers At Heritage Tourism Sites: A Study Of Characteristics And Motivations., Christine M. Babka Jan 2003

Adult Volunteers At Heritage Tourism Sites: A Study Of Characteristics And Motivations., Christine M. Babka

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

One hundred fifty-eight adult volunteers aged 18 and older at 17 heritage tourism sites in northern West Virginia and southwestern Pennsylvania completed a paper questionnaire during summer 2003. The data was analyzed to identify basic volunteer characteristics and motivations, benefits, constraints and facilitators, social implications, activity and place attachment and the levels of satisfaction, commitment and interest and participation in heritage information. This research produced a 27-item heritage tourism volunteer motivation model and other measurement tools that followed previous research literature methods including the Volunteer Function Inventory (VFI). Common themes for heritage tourism volunteers are altruistic, self-improvement, social, selfinterest and …

Go to article

Revolt Against Or From Within The West?: Twail, The Developing World, And The Future Direction Of International Law, David P. Fidler Jan 2003

Revolt Against Or From Within The West?: Twail, The Developing World, And The Future Direction Of International Law, David P. Fidler

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Particle-Induced Pulmonary Inflammation And Fibrosis: Role Of Inflammatory Mediators In The Initiation And Progression Of Occupational Lung Disease., Patti C. Zeidler Jan 2003

Particle-Induced Pulmonary Inflammation And Fibrosis: Role Of Inflammatory Mediators In The Initiation And Progression Of Occupational Lung Disease., Patti C. Zeidler

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Pulmonary fibrosis due to acute or chronic occupational exposures is the leading cause of work-related illness in the U.S. according to the 2002 report by the American Lung Association. Asbestosis and silicosis are well described lung diseases that result from asbestos fiber or crystalline silica inhalation, respectively. This study investigated the underlying lung inflammatory and fibrotic mechanisms involved in the response caused by exposure to crystalline silica (α-quartz) or JM-100 glass, chrysotile asbestos, and ceramic fibers. Two topics were investigated: (1) The role of fiber dimension and chemical composition in the response of alveolar macrophages (AMs). (2) The role of …

Go to article

Describing Support: A Qualitative Study Of Couples Living With Diabetes, Paula M. Trief, Jonathan G. Sandberg, Roger P. Greenberg, Keri Graff, Nina Castronova, Miyoung Yoon, Ruth S. Weinstock Jan 2003

Describing Support: A Qualitative Study Of Couples Living With Diabetes, Paula M. Trief, Jonathan G. Sandberg, Roger P. Greenberg, Keri Graff, Nina Castronova, Miyoung Yoon, Ruth S. Weinstock

Faculty Publications

Family and marital support have been shown to be associated with better treatment adherence, illness adaptation, and blood sugar control in studies of individuals with diabetes. However, the behaviors and attitudes that describe appropriate support have not been defined. This is a qualitative study which asked couples who live with diabetes to define support. Seventy-four individuals (patients and spouses) participated in semi-structured interviews. Transcripts of these interviews were rigorously coded and analyzed by a team of researchers. A sampling of quotes is provided. Helpful behavior was particularly evident in the areas of dietary control and regimen specific support, general relational …

Go to article

Book Review Of Silence On The Mountain (Daniel Wilkinson), Michael T. Searcy Jan 2003

Book Review Of Silence On The Mountain (Daniel Wilkinson), Michael T. Searcy

Faculty Publications

Recién terminada una guerra civil de 36 años, Guatemala abriga los secretos de la coerción y del genocidio que el mundo tiene que saber. Con la firma del acuerdo de paz entre las fuerzas revolucionarias y los militares en diciembre de 1996, el gobierno acordó formar una comisión de la verdad, conocida como la Comisión para la Clarificación Histórica. Con la esperanza de traer la justicia y acabar con el terror que la gente había experimentado, la comisión recogió los testimonios de millares de personas que habían sido aterrorizados por los militares y la guerrilla. Las historias acababan con un …

Go to article

The War On Terror: Constitutional Governance In A State Of Permanent Warfare?, W. Wesley Pue Jan 2003

The War On Terror: Constitutional Governance In A State Of Permanent Warfare?, W. Wesley Pue

All Faculty Publications

This article assesses Canada's principal legal responses to the challenge presented by terrorism in the aftermath of the September 11, 2001 attacks on the United States. A review of major federal anti-terrorism legislation reveals a legislative response that fundamentally violates core constitutional principles while failing to significantly enhance public safety.

Go to article

Effects Of Concurrent Motor, Linguistic, Or Cognitive Tasks On Speech Motor Performance, Christopher Dromey, April Benson Jan 2003

Effects Of Concurrent Motor, Linguistic, Or Cognitive Tasks On Speech Motor Performance, Christopher Dromey, April Benson

Faculty Publications

This study examined the influence of 3 different types of concurrent tasks on speech motor performance. The goal was to uncover potential differences in speech movements relating to the nature of the secondary task. Twenty young adults repeated sentences either with or without simultaneous distractor activities. These distractions included a motor task (putting together washers, nuts, and bolts), a linguistic task (generating verbs from nouns), and a cognitive task(performing mental arithmetic). Lip movement data collected during the experimental conditions revealed decreases in displacement and velocity during the motor task. The linguistic and cognitive tasks were associated with increased spatiotemporal variability …

Go to article

A Vision System Performing Lip Shape Analysis For Speech Pathology Research, Christopher Dromey, D J. Lee, Daniel Bates, Xiaoqian Xu Jan 2003

A Vision System Performing Lip Shape Analysis For Speech Pathology Research, Christopher Dromey, D J. Lee, Daniel Bates, Xiaoqian Xu

Faculty Publications

We have built a machine vision system to perform lip shape analysis and recognition and to generate 3.D lip models for speech pathology research. The system employs two color cameras that are synchronized to capture image video pairs simultaneously. A novel color segmentation technique that converts the RGB color components to linear color space has been developed to extract lip shape contours. Lip shape of the viseme, the smallest visibly distinguishable unit of speech, is used to identify its corresponding image frame in the recorded image sequences. It is also used to reconstruct the 3-D lip shape model as a …

Go to article

Consumer Preferences For Genetically Modified Fish And Seafood: An Econometric Approach., Brian S. Bennett Jan 2003

Consumer Preferences For Genetically Modified Fish And Seafood: An Econometric Approach., Brian S. Bennett

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Genetic modification (GM) is a rapidly growing technology that can improve productivity and profitability for producers; however consumer acceptance of this technology is not fully understood, particularly as it relates to fish and seafood. The purpose of this study is to evaluate consumer perceptions of GM foods in general, and fresh fish and seafood in particular. A phone survey of a random sample of US households was conducted. A qualitative choice (Logit) model was used for estimation. LIMDEP was the computer package used to analyze the data. The marginal effects were also estimated. Results show that older, higher income, non …

Go to article

Coverage Of Foreign News By The United States Media: A Study Of Perception Of Bias Amongst The International Students At West Virginia University., Sukhjeet Sahni Jan 2003

Coverage Of Foreign News By The United States Media: A Study Of Perception Of Bias Amongst The International Students At West Virginia University., Sukhjeet Sahni

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This research examined whether the international students at WVU perceive a bias in the coverage of foreign news by the American media. A content analysis research was conducted by developing a survey, which was filled in by the international students at West Virginia University. The results of the survey were evaluated to determine whether bias and imbalance in U.S. international news coverage were perceived by the international students and if so whether there was a correlation between their national identification and their perception of media bias. The research also evaluated which factors have a significant effect on their perception of …

Go to article

"It's Just Comedy": Media Effects Of Ethnic Humor., Jonathan Samuel Smith Jan 2003

"It's Just Comedy": Media Effects Of Ethnic Humor., Jonathan Samuel Smith

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

his study is searching for the existence of any psychological effects on the attitudes or perceptions of West Virginia University students that are exposed to ethnic humor by stand-up comedians in a broadcast format. In this study a convenience sample of West Virginia University students was exposed to a fifteen-minute videotape containing multiple in-group solidarity ethnic jokes that were used by the selected comedians in their analyzed performances. The students were surveyed to quantitatively test the affects of ethnic humor. The studyís results suggest that there is a correlation between viewing ethnic humor and a change in the participantsí perceptions …

Go to article

A Study Of The Sexual Content In Top-Rated Shows Among Teenage Audiences For The 1998-1999 Television Season., Shannon M. Summers Jan 2003

A Study Of The Sexual Content In Top-Rated Shows Among Teenage Audiences For The 1998-1999 Television Season., Shannon M. Summers

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This project examines the sexual content in top-rated shows amongst teenage audiences. Cultivation theory and social learning theory (SLT) are the basis of the study to help determine what impact sexual portrayals on television have on this young audience. Scripts from the top shows from one television season were examined to determine first, how much sexual content existed in the scripts, and second, what type of sexual content it was in the form of gender-based dyadic communication. The most significant criteria analyzed was whether or not the content glorified sex or showed sexual consequences. The study found that the majority …

Go to article

The Relationship Between Self-Efficacy Expectations And Career-Choice., Geraldine January Jan 2003

The Relationship Between Self-Efficacy Expectations And Career-Choice., Geraldine January

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Analysis of responses from (N = 64) undergraduate students enrolled in Learning Strategies and Orientation courses on the Career Decision Making Self-Efficacy scale and the Occupational Self-Efficacy Scale, revealed that participants who selected male-dominated careers scored higher on the goal selection subscale compared to participants in the female-dominated group. Similar results were observed for career decision-making, self-efficacy and major status. As predicted, the scores for males on the OSES indicated that males reported equally higher scores for male and female-dominated occupations, whereas females reported higher self-efficacy for female-dominated occupations compared to male-dominated occupations.

Go to article

Preserving Art Music In The Mountain State: A Study Of The West Virginia Federal Music Project Orchestras, 1935-1939., Travis D. Stimeling Jan 2003

Preserving Art Music In The Mountain State: A Study Of The West Virginia Federal Music Project Orchestras, 1935-1939., Travis D. Stimeling

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The Federal Music Project of the Works Progress Administration (FMP) came to West Virginia in 1936 to establish orchestras in the state’s cities and to provide short-term employment for instrumentalists left destitute by the Depression and the advent of recorded sound. These ensembles were also designed to serve a subsidiary purpose: presenting free musical entertainment to the general public to alleviate temporarily the psychological burdens of the Depression. Implicit in their concerns for both displaced audiences and unemployed performers was the existence, prior to the onset of the economic crises of the 1930s, of a thriving culture for art music …

Go to article

Cortisol Responsivity: Association With Fear And Pain Related To Root Canal Therapy., Lori L. Gochenour Jan 2003

Cortisol Responsivity: Association With Fear And Pain Related To Root Canal Therapy., Lori L. Gochenour

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Salivary cortisol levels were evaluated along with fear and pain ratings at three points during root canal therapy to determine whether informational videotapes could affect responsivity. Sixty-three emergency and routine root canal patients participated. Informed consent first was obtained and salivary samples collected. Individuals were then asked to rate fear and pain based on a numeric rating scale. This procedure was repeated after cleaning and shaping the root canal system and at the conclusion of treatment. Results indicated that root canal therapy increased cortisol levels regardless of the type of videotape. Pain increased during the procedure, but then declined markedly …

Go to article

Comparison Of The Effectiveness Of 2% Lidocaine With 1:100,000 Epi Vs 4% Articaine With 1:100,000 Epi On Teeth With Irreversible Pulpitis., Dean S. Elattrache Jan 2003

Comparison Of The Effectiveness Of 2% Lidocaine With 1:100,000 Epi Vs 4% Articaine With 1:100,000 Epi On Teeth With Irreversible Pulpitis., Dean S. Elattrache

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study compared the effectiveness of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine, with 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine, on teeth diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis. 39 cases were selected where 19 received 2% lidocaine and 20 received 4% articaine. Once a diagnosis of irreversible pulpitis was confirmed and a nerve block with 2% lidocaine was administered for mandibular teeth only, either the lidocaine or articaine local anesthetic was chosen for buccal and lingual infiltrations. After 5 minutes the evaluation of anesthesia was determined in 3 stages. Stage 1: Endo Ice retest prior to access preparation, Stage 2: Access preparation, and Stage 3: …

Go to article

Responsible Medical Narrative: Applying The Lessons Of Medical Journalism To Medical Narrative., Pamela Christine Kasey Jan 2003

Responsible Medical Narrative: Applying The Lessons Of Medical Journalism To Medical Narrative., Pamela Christine Kasey

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The media influence public health in two important ways: by affecting individual choices, and by affecting public policy. The media’s important roles with regard to public health have long raised concerns about responsible medical reporting. In recognition of the need for clarity in health communication to the public, various sets of tips and guidelines for reporters, editors, and others have been advanced. These guidelines apply primarily to news forms used for reporting scientific advances and conveying health recommendations: the traditional “inverted pyramid” story, the feature story, and service pieces. They are less applicable to narrative, a journalistic form that is …

Go to article

A Framing And Cultivation Analysis Of Sexually Provocative Material Used In "Seventeen" From 1990-2000: A Qualitative And Quantitative Approach., Brandy Ellen Keener Jan 2003

A Framing And Cultivation Analysis Of Sexually Provocative Material Used In "Seventeen" From 1990-2000: A Qualitative And Quantitative Approach., Brandy Ellen Keener

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to use a qualitative as well as quantitative approach to examining the sexual content, messages and images in Seventeen from 1990-2000, while applying the results to compare how it affects the relationship between the seductive gaze used in the advertisements in Seventeen and the self-worth of its audience. Qualitatively, 52 advertisements from the prom issues in Seventeen were analyzed. How the advertisements influenced the sexual attitudes and behaviors of female adolescents over a 10-year period was observed. Research indicated that the most predominant gaze that remained consistent in theme over time and increased in …

Go to article

An Analysis Of Small Stream Networks Located On Reclaimed Surface Coal Mines, Morgantown, West Virginia., Jocelyn Smith Jan 2003

An Analysis Of Small Stream Networks Located On Reclaimed Surface Coal Mines, Morgantown, West Virginia., Jocelyn Smith

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A preliminary stream network assessment of impacts due to surface mining and reclamation was conducted through completion of this study. Four study areas, located approximately 7 to 10 km west of Morgantown, West Virginia, are within a 2.5 km radius of each other, and therefore share the same climate and geology. Two data sets were created: pre-mining and post-reclamation. The first data set was generated using premining topography, as shown on permit maps of each mined area, and Lubowe’s (1964) rules for mapping stream channel networks using topographic maps. Data for the second set were gathered through field mapping and …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last