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Effect Of Cadmium Accumulation On Total Protein Levels In Tilapia Nilotica, Mustafa Kalay, Cahi̇t Erdem

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of the present study was to determine the accumulation of cadmium in different tissues of Tilapia nilotica and to establish the influence of this accumulation on total protein levels in liver and kidney tissues. At the end of each experimental period; gill, liver and kidney tissues from the animals were dissected and their cadmium accumulation was determined using atomic absorbtion spectrophotometry. Liver and kidney tissues were homogenised to determine total protein levels. The protein contents of the tissue homogenates were determined by the Lowry method. Cadmium accumulation was higher in the gill, liver and kidney tissues. Cadmium primarily …

Reproduction Of The Silverbelly (Leiognathus Klunzingeri Steindachner, 1898) In Yumurtalık Bight (Adana), Turkey, Meltem Özütok, Dursun Avşar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This present study was performed to identify reproductive peculiarities of the silverbelly (Leiognathus klunzingeri) in Yumurtalık Bight. For this purpose, 430 individuals were obtained by monthly sampling between October 1997 and September 1998 and then they were examined. By using the monthly changes in the mean values of the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) and Fulton's Condition Factor (K), we found that reproduction period occurred between July and September, length at first maturity was 5.8 cm and 5.5 cm for males and females, respectively, egg diameter was between 0.8 and 1.0 mm and mean annual fecundity was 2789 ± 2109.

Survival Of Acid Adapted Salmonella Typhimurium In Some Acidic Foods, Hali̇l Tosun, Şahi̇ka Aktuğ Gönül

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study examined the effect of adaptation to acid on the survival of Salmonella typhimurium in mayonnaise, turnip juice and ayran (a drink made of yogurt and water). S. typhimurium was adapted to acid by exposure to hydrochloric acid at pH 5.8. Commercially available mayonnaise (pH 3.7), turnip juice (pH 3.1) and ayran (pH 4.2) were inoculated with acid adapted or nonadapted cells of S. typhimurium (2 x 10^6 cfu/ml). Mayonnaise and turnip juice were stored at 4 or 20 °C. Ayran was stored only at 4 °C. Acid adapted S. typhimurium was detectable in mayonnaise at 4 °C after …

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Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Turkish Journal of Mathematics

No abstract provided.

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Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

No abstract provided.

Digest Of The Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine (Winter 2003), Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

Digest

The Winter 2003 issue of the Digest of the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine includes the following articles:

• Opening Remarks
• PCOM Updates
• Student Research Prominent on PCOM Campus
• The Man who Launched a Thousand Careers
• The Next Generation of PCOM Leadership Emerges
• Alumni Association Revitalization
• Cover Story: Reaching Out
• Class Notes
• 56th Annual Alumni /Survivors Dinner Dance Awards
• In Memoriam
• My Turn
• PCOM Alumni Weekend 2003
• PCOM Events

Forty-First Annual Report Town Of Sugar Hill, New Hampshire Year Ending December 31, 2002., Sugar Hill Town Representatives

Sugar Hill, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Annual Reports Of The Selectmen And Other Town Officers, Charlestown, N.H., For The Year Ending December 31, 2002., Charlestown Town Representatives

Charlestown, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Full Issue, Bird Observer

Bird Observer

No abstract provided.

Negligent Infliction Of Emotional Distress: Has The Legislative Response To Diane Whipple's Death Rendered The Hard-Line Stance Of Elden And Thing Obsolete, Michael Jay Gorback

UC Law Journal

On January 26, 2001, Diane Alexis Whipple was savagely attacked and mauled to death by two Presa Canario dogs as she was opening the front door to her San Francisco apartment. The following March, Whipple's partner, Sharon Smith, commenced a wrongful death lawsuit against the dogs' owners, Marjorie Knoller and Robert Noel. Recognizing that under the current legal regime, Smith's suit would almost certainly be dismissed on demurrer because the two women were related by neither blood nor marriage, the California Legislature enacted section 1714.01 of the Civil Code, which would enable domestic partners, such as Smith, to sue for …

Lifting The "Fog" Of Internet Surveillance: How A Suppression Remedy Would Change Computer Crime Law, Orin S. Kerr

UC Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Trustwarp: The Importance Of Legal Rules To Electronic Commerce And Internet Privacy, Peter P. Swire

UC Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Information Privacy Law In The European Union: E Pluribus Unum Or Ex Uno Plures?, Andrew Charlesworth

UC Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Marital Immunity, Intimate Relationships, And Improper Inferences: A New Law On Sexual Offenses By Intimates, Michelle J. Anderson

UC Law Journal

Today, to one degree or another, marital immunity for sexual offenses persists in over half the states. Underlying the marital rape immunity has been the assumption that when a woman enters into a marriage, she gives her ongoing consent to sexual intercourse. This Article argues that states must abolish this immunity to make the law formally neutral on the marital status of the parties. However, as this Article argues, such formal neutrality is insufficient. The ideology of ongoing consent underlying the marital rape immunity has infected the way the legal system treats sexual offenses among intimates who are not married. …

"Muslim Rage" And Islamic Law, Wael B. Hallaq

UC Law Journal

In this Lecture, it is argued that a significant factor behind the recent rise of so-called Islamic "fundamentalism," in both of its violent and nonviolent forms, is the structural uprooting of the Islamic legal institutions during the middle of the nineteenth century and thereafter (a factor neglected by analysts). When the colonialist powers induced western legal "reforms" that came to displace traditional and indigenous Islamic law, little did they realize that such a process of aggressive change was in the long run to lead to both brutal military dictatorships (during the past half century) and, more recently, to violent reactions …

Daubert & Danger: The "Fit" Of Expert Predictions In Civil Commitments, Alexander Scherr

UC Law Journal

In civil commitments, courts face the task of predicting the dangerousness of a mentally ill person and often turn to experts for help. Recently, the reliability of expert predictive testimony has improved; yet the best predictions still fall far short of reasonable certainty. Predictive science itself remains under scrutiny and is the subject of extended research and debate.

The modern handling of expert testimony, initiated in Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc., might suggest that courts should exclude such unreliable expertise. The Daubert rules seem to imply a reliability standard under which trial courts should exclude expertise that lacks scientific …

The Public Domain: The Evolution Of Legal Restraints On The Government's Power To Control Public Access Through Secrecy Or Intellectual Property, Edward Lee

UC Law Journal

The concept of the public domain is the focus of a firestorm of debate, precipitated by some of the most important controversies of our digital age. This debate, however, is deeply flawed in two critical respects. First, the debate has invoked the public domain without a clear understanding of the origin of the term and the first principles that courts enunciated in recognizing the concept. Second, the debate has focused almost exclusively on intellectual property law in analyzing the public domain, ignoring the many uses of the term in other areas of law, such as First Amendment rights of access, …

American Society Of Parasitologists Newsletter, V. 25, No. 4, Winter 2003, Scott Lyell Gardner

American Society of Parasitologists: Newsletter

An issue of the American Society of Parasitologists' quarterly newsletter, also called the Journal of Parasitology Newsletter.

Adult Javanese Migrants To Indonesian Papua At High Risk Of Severe Disease Caused By Malaria, J. Kevin Baird, H. Basri, P. Weina, J. D. Maguire, M. J. Barcus, H. Picarema, I. R.F. Elyazar, E. Ayomi, National Health Research Center, Ministry Of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia

United States Public Health Resources

Migrants from Java arrive in hyperendemic Papua, Indonesia lacking exposure to endemic malaria. We evaluated records of evacuation to hospital with a diagnosis of severe malaria from a transmigration village in northeastern Papua. During the first 30 months, 198 residents with severe disease were evacuated (7.5 evacuations/100 person-years). During this period the risk of evacuation for adults (>15 years of age) was 2.8. (95% CI=2.1–3.8; P<0.0001) relative to children, despite apparently equal exposure to risk of infection. Relative risk (RR) for adults was greatest during the first 6 months (RR>16; 95% CI>2.0–129; P=0.0009), and diminished during the second 6 months (RR=9.4; 95% CI=2.7–32.8; P<0.0001) and the third 6 months (RR=3.7; 95% CI=1.7–7.9; P=0.0004). During the next two 6-month intervals, the RR for adults was 1.6 and 1.5 (95% CI range 0.8–2.6; P<0.18). Adults lacking chronic exposure were far more likely to progress to severe disease compared to children during initial exposure, but not after chronic exposure to infection.

Scwds Briefs: Volume 18, Number 4 (January 2003)

Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study: Publications

• The Latest on chronic wasting disease (CWD): Wisconsin, Illinois, Colorado, South Dakota, Wyoming, Nebraska, Saskatchewan
• The Wildlife Society (TWS) recently published a technical review and draft position statement on the confinement of wild ungulates within fenced enclosures--"Biological and Social Issues Related to Confinement of Wild Ungulates."
• Exotic Newcastle disease (END) was confirmed in backyard poultry flocks in southern California on October 1, 2002.
• Southern Tick-Associated Rash Illness (STARI): In the northeastern United States, Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, is maintained in nature through a cycle involving the white-footed mouse and other rodents …

Nebline, January 2003

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Family Leadership Key to Community Leadership
Gardening Resolutions
Garden Guide
Humidity and Plants in the Home Environment
Horticulture Information Center
What Do Birds Like to Eat?
Dealing with Roosting Birds
Chicken Feathers Can Now be Used in Air Purifying Filters
Creepy-Crawlies in your Cereal
Put Farm Leases in Writing for Legal Protection
Private Pesticide Applicator Training Jan. 25, 29 & Feb 10
Check and Aerate Stored Grain
Computerized Financial Record Keeping Workshop March 18
Add Lime Now for Next Spring’s Alfalfa
Protecting Water from Freezing
Fire Safety in the Home
Latest U.S. Drought Monitor Map
Sizing Up Food Portion Sizes …

General Guidelines For The Establishment & Evaluation Of Invasive Species Early Detection & Rapid Response Systems

National Invasive Species Council

Preventing the introduction of invasive species is the first line of defense against invasions. However, even the best prevention efforts will not stop all invasive species introductions. Early detection and rapid response (ED&RR) efforts increase the likelihood that invasions will be addressed successfully while populations are still localized and population levels are not beyond that which can be contained and eradicated. Once populations are widely established, all that might be possible is the partial mitigation of negative impacts. In addition, the costs associated with ED&RR efforts are typically far less than those of long-term invasive species management programs.

The charge …

The Home Of The Bison : An Ethnographic And Ethnohistorical Study Of Traditional Cultural Affiliations To Wind Cave National Park, Patricia C. Albers, Christina Berndt, Elizabeth Brown, Yvonne Kelly, Vanessa Kittelson, Kim Rossina, Stacy Schlegel, Andrea Yardley

United States National Park Service: Publications

When Wind Cave National Park celebrated its Fiftieth Anniversary in 1953, a Lakota delegation from the Pine Ridge Reservation was invited to attend the festivities. As a way of honoring the event, the Lakotas adopted the park s superintendent, Earl M. Semingsen and named him Tatanka Tokahe [First Bison Bull]. Two things are significant about this name. On the one hand, it associates the park with bison, a culturally important connection for the Lakotas, who have long believed that Wind Cave is the home of the Buffalo Nation; and on the other, it refers to the name of the first …

Variation In Spotted Gar (Lepisosteus Oculatus) Mass-Length Relationships In Texas Reservoirs, Kevin L. Pope, Gene R. Wilde

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

Total length and mass were measured on 883 spotted gar, Lepisosteus oculatus, collected between 1984 and 1996 from 49 Texas reservoirs. Spotted gar mass was positively related to length (r² = 0.92, p < 0.0001). Mass-length relationships differed significantly (P < 0.0001) among reservoirs, explaining an additional 2% of the variation in spotted gar mass.

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Eradication Project: Activities Report 2003, Bridget Patrick

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Bovine tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious bacterial disease and poses a risk to domestic livestock, wildlife and public health in the United States (U.S). In 1917, the U.S. government began a comprehensive national bovine TB eradication program. The disease has been nearly eradicated from livestock in the U.S., but areas of infection resurface periodically. Michigan was declared free of bovine TB in 1975 and received Disease Free status in 1979. In 1975 a free-ranging white-tailed deer in Alcona County was confirmed to be bovine TB positive. It was thought to be an anomaly, and no policy was adopted to look …

The Risk Of Disease Transmission To Livestock Posed By Contamination Of Farm Stored Feed By Wildlife Excreta, M. J. Daniels, M. R. Hutchings, A. Greig

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Livestock feed is susceptible to contamination from wildlife excreta during on farm storage. Pathogens associated with diseases such as paratuberculosis, salmonella and cryptosporidiosis are present in wild rodent and bird excreta. Feed stores on four farms in the east of Scotland were monitored monthly over the winter of 1998/9 to quantify the levels of wildlife faecal contamination. A mean of 79.9 rodent (95% confidence interval: 37.5–165.9) and 24.9 (14.3–41.7) bird faeces were deposited per m² of stored feed per month. It was estimated that individual cattle and sheep could encounter 1,626 and 814 wildlife faeces over the winter.

A …

Aerosol Exposure Of White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) To Mycobacterium Bovis, Mitchell V. Palmer, W. Ray Waters, Diana L. Whipple

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis affects both captive and free-ranging Cervidae in the United States. Various animal models have been developed to study tuberculosis of both humans and animals. Generally, tuberculosis is transmitted by aerosol and oral routes. Models of aerosol exposure of large animals to M. bovis are uncommon. In order to develop a reliable method of aerosol exposure of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) to M. bovis, 12 healthy white-tailed deer, aged 8–10 mo, were infected by aerosol exposure to 2x10⁵ to 1x10⁶ colony forming units (CFU) (high dose, n=4) of M. bovis or …

Feral Swine - Are They A Disease Threat To Livestock In The United States?, Gary W. Witmer, Robert B. Sanders, Arnold C. Taft

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Feral swine populations provide both benefits and liabilities to citizens of the United States. Their expanding range and increasing densities, however, have raised concern over the adverse environmental and agricultural effects and the increased risk of disease transmission between feral swine and livestock. We discuss the role of feral swine in the transmission of wildlife diseases and, in particular, in diseases of national significance to the livestock industry. We also discuss available management tools and strategies for reducing feral swine populations, minimizing damage or disease occurrences and eradicating populations when deemed appropriate. Finally, we note areas of research that may …