Digital Commons Network^™

Managing Ungulates To Protect Trees, Dale L. Nolte

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

ig game species, such as elk and deer, inflict the most widespread form of damage to forest resources. Elk may trample or pull seedlings without well-established root systems out of the ground. Browsing elk often splinter woody stems. During the spring, the stems may be stripped of bark below where they break the stem. Deer damage inflicted on seedlings is similar to elk damage. Woody stems are often splintered and the bark is stripped from twigs. New buds are generally clipped back to the previous year’s growth. Deer do not pull seedlings as frequently as elk and their damage rarely …

Repellents Are Socially Acceptable Tools, Dale L. Nolte

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The likelihood of a particular plant being consumed by an animal depends on its palatability, along with the availability and relative desirability of alternative foods. Repellents, therefore, can be applied to plants to render them less attractive than the alternative foods. In theory, animals then select for plants or foraging areas other than those protected with repellents. Repellents are socially acceptable nonlethal tools to reduce wildlife damage. New products are continually entering the market, but their efficacy varies greatly. Unfortunately, availability or even registration of these products does not equate to effectiveness. Some repellents contain aversive agents at concentrations below …

Bears Prefer Trees In The Spring, Dale L. Nolte

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

As they emerge from their winter den, bears need an energy source and food is relatively scarce. Concurrently, trees are breaking dormancy and starting to generate carbohydrates. Consequently, bears commonly girdle Douglas-fir trees during the spring to feed on the available carbohydrates. Bears strip bark from a tree with their claws, then feed on the sapwood by scraping it from the heartwood with their teeth. Scattered remnants of bark strewn at the base of a tree and vertical tooth marks are characteristic indicators of bear activity. Most frequently bears forage on the lower bole of trees, girdling the bottom three …

Divergent Selection For Seedling Tiller Number In Big Bluestem And Switchgrass, Alexander J. Smart, Kenneth P. Vogel, Lowell E. Moser, Walter W. Stroup

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Selection at the seedling stage in forage grass breeding would be extremely useful if seedling traits are highly heritable and correlated to desired agronomic traits. Objectives of this study were to determine the response to selection for high shoot weight and divergent selection or seedling tiller number in big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman) and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) seedlings and obtain estimates of realized heritability for these traits. Base populations were breeding populations of ‘Pawnee’ big bluestem and ‘Pathfinder’ switchgrass. Divergent selection for single or multiple (three or more) tiller(s) 6 to 8 wk after planting in a …

Establishment And Seedling Growth Of Big Bluestem And Switchgrass Populations Divergently Selected For Seedling Tiller Number, Alexander J. Smart, Lowell E. Moser, Kenneth P. Vogel

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Selection at the seedling stage in grass breeding would be extremely useful if seedling traits are correlated to desired agronomic traits. The objective of this study was to evaluate seedling morphological development, plant growth, and field establishment of big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman) and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) populations that were developed by divergent selection for seed- ling tiller number while selecting for high shoot weight. Six populations were evaluated: (i) ‘Pawnee’ big bluestem base, (ii) ‘Pathfinder’ switchgrass base, (iii) big bluestem multiple tiller, (iv) big bluestem single tiller, (v) switchgrass multiple tiller, and (vi) switchgrass single tiller. …

Farnesol Biosynthesis In Candida Albicans: Cellular Response To Sterol Inhibition By Zaragozic Acid B, Jacob M. Hornby, Bessie W. Kebaara, Kenneth W. Nickerson

Papers in Microbiology

The dimorphic fungus Candida albicans produces farnesol as a quorum-sensing molecule that regulates cellular morphology. The biosynthetic origin of farnesol has been resolved by treating these cells with zaragozic acid B, a potent inhibitor of squalene synthase in the sterol biosynthetic pathway. Treatment with zaragozic acid B leads to an eightfold increase in the amount of farnesol produced by C. albicans. Furthermore, C. albicans cell extracts contain enzymatic activity to convert [³H]farnesyl pyrophosphate to [³H]farnesol. Many common antifungal antibiotics (e.g., zaragozic acids, azoles, and allylamines) target steps in sterol biosynthesis. We suggest that the fungicidal …

Chronic Renal Insufficiency In Pregnancy, Mumtaz Rashid, Haroon M. Rashid

Saudi Medical Journal

This article attempts to assess the nature, severity and management of the risks associated with pregnancy in chronic renal insufficiency and end-stage renal disease, including dialysis and transplant recipients. Women with serum creatinine levels of >125 mmol/l are at an increased risk for deterioration in renal function, hypertension with superimposed pre-eclampsia and obstetric complications. Rigid control of hypertension is crucial for a successful pregnancy outcome. A range of antihypertensive drugs are available with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors being contraindicated. Women on dialysis have low fertility rates that return to normal following renal transplantation. Immunosuppresive drugs are not associated with increased …

End Stage Renal Disease Experience In A General Hospital In Eastern Saudi Arabia, Ahmed M. Alkhunaizi, Bedri M. Yousif, Abdulrazack A. Amir, S. Brand

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Disease Markers In Exhaled Breath, Abdullah Al-Mobeireek

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Border Patrol, Carl E. Schneider

Articles

Recently, the Supreme Court has encountered cases that concern perhaps our weightiest bioethical issue-how medical care is to be rationed. But this does not mean that the Court must therefore assess the justice of rationing, as many people incited by many journalists now fondly and firmly believe. In explaining why, we begin with a story about how Learned Hand remembered saying one day to Justice Holmes, "Well, sir, goodbye. Do justice!" Holmes turned quite sharply and said: "That is not my job. My job is to play the game according to the rules." If the Court doesn't do justice, what …

Rethinking Nutritional Support For Persons With Cancer Cachexia, Donna O. Mccarthy

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Cancer cachexia is a poorly understood syndrome of anorexia, weight loss, and muscle wasting that negatively impacts quality of life and survival in cancer patients. Research has clearly implicated proinflammatory cytokines in the biology of cancer cachexia. More recent research implicates products of arachidonic acid and suggests that cachexia may be a chronic inflammatory condition rather than a nutritional aberration. To date, nutritional support to slow weight loss has focused primarily on increasing calorie intake. Alternatively, many foods contain factors that can modulate the synthesis or activity of proinflammatory mediators, especially the synthesis of prostaglandin E2 from arachidonic acid. These …

Catalog 2003-2004, Saint Mary's College Of California

Undergraduate Academic Catalog

No abstract provided.

4.0 Administrative Policies, Services, Facilities, Saint Mary's College Of California

Faculty Handbook

No abstract provided.

1.0 Mission Statement, History, General Organization And Governance Of Saint Mary’S College, Saint Mary's College Of California

Faculty Handbook

No abstract provided.

Is There A Middle Ground? One Approach To Resolution Of Land Use Disputes In The Northwest, Cory R. Gangle

Montana Law Review

One Approach to Resolution of Land Use Disputes in the Northwest

Kyllo V. United States: A Lukewarm Interpretation Of The Fourth Amendment, Jessica T. Kobos

Montana Law Review

Kyllo v. United States

A Road To No Warez: The No Electronic Theft Act And Criminal Copyright Infringement, Eric Goldman

Faculty Publications

In the second half of the 1990s, copyright owners repeatedly sought Congress's help addressing the challenges posed by the Internet and other new technologies. Congress responded with a suite of new protections, including restrictions against circumvention, longer copyright terms, increased statutory damages, and criminalization of willful non-commercial infringement.

This Article examines the latter of those changes, effectuated through the No Electronic Theft Act (the "Act" or the "NET Act"). The Act represents a significant change to copyright law be cause it subtly shifts the paradigm underlying criminal copyright infringement.

Part I of this Article discusses the Act's development, from the …

Inside Unlv, Gian Galassi, Carol C. Harter, Gene Hall

Inside UNLV

No abstract provided.

Spiritual But Not Intellectual? The Protection Of Sacred Intangible Traditional Knowledge, Daniel J. Gervais

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

The use of sacred aboriginal art is nothing new. It is fairly common to see dream catchers hanging from rear view mirrors in cars. In Australia, sacred aboriginal designs are often found on tea towels, rugs and restaurant placemats. In the United States, people routinely Commercialize Navajo rugs containing both sacred and profane designs with no connection to the Navajo nation. Millions of dollars of Indian crafts imported from Asia are sold in the United States each year. Another example is the taking of sacred Ami chants by the German rock group Enigma for its song Return to Innocence. Can …

Nova Quarterly: The University Of Texas At El Paso, The University Of Texas At El Paso University Communications

NOVA

Summer 2003, Vol. 41, No. 4; No. 154

Reflections from the Home Front

Bring Back The Draft?, Neal Devins

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Commons: Our Mission, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The commons points to a set of ideas and practices anchored deep in Anglo-American history, law and culture that offers powerful ways to explain the unique mission and role of nonprofit activity, voluntary action and philanthropy

The Wild And The Sacred, Douglas E. Christie

Theological Studies Faculty Works

Focuses on the meaning of the growing convergence of the sacred and the wild in contemporary spiritual discourse and practice. Inquiry on the role of spiritual discourse and practice play in the effort to respond and preserve wild places; Poetics of sacred place; Reference of sacred.

The Immigration Rule Of Lenity And Chevron Deference, Brian G. Slocum

McGeorge School of Law Scholarly Articles

No abstract provided.

Applicability Of Risk-Based Management And The Need For Risk-Based Economic Decision Analysis At Hazardous Waste Contaminated Sites, I. Khadam, Jagath J. Kaluarachchi

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

Decision analysis in subsurface contamination management is generally carried out through a traditional engineering economic viewpoint. However, new advances in human health risk assessment, namely, the probabilistic risk assessment, and the growing awareness of the importance of soft data in the decision-making process, require decision analysis methodologies that are capable of accommodating non-technical and politically biased qualitative information. In this work, we discuss the major limitations of the currently practiced decision analysis framework, which evolves around the definition of risk and cost of risk, and its poor ability to communicate risk-related information. A demonstration using a numerical example was conducted …

Integrating Multiple 3d Views Through Frame-Of-Reference Interaction, Matthew D. Plumlee, Colin Ware

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

Frame-of-reference interaction consists of a unified set of 3D interaction techniques for exploratory navigation of large virtual spaces in nonimmersive environments. It is based on a conceptual framework that considers navigation from a cognitive perspective, as a way of facilitating changes in user attention from one reference frame to another, rather than from the mechanical perspective of moving a camera between different points of interest. All of our techniques link multiple frames of reference in some meaningful way. Some techniques link multiple windows within a zooming environment while others allow seamless changes of user focus between static objects, moving objects, …

Effect Of Food Availability On Reproduction And Brood Size In A Freshwater Brooding Bivalve, Mark Beekey, Ronald H. Karlson

Biology Faculty Publications

Brood size is often constrained by the amount of energy available to produce offspring. Yet, energetic constraints may not be as important if the physical capacity to brood offspring is limited. Investigating the relative importance of energetic and physical constraints on brood size is necessary to understand how reproductive strategies are molded by natural selection. We investigated how food availability affects brood size in Sphaerium striatinum, a freshwater bivalve. We reared juveniles to adulthood under three food levels in a common garden experiment. The number of reproductive attempts, brood size, and stage of offspring development were measured. Clams reared …

Institutional Capacity For Elder Service, Nancy Morrow-Howell, Jim Hinterlong, Michael Sherraden, Fengyan Tang, Prima Thirupathy, Madhura Nagchoudhuri

Center for Social Development Research

Given the demographic changes in our society and the positive effects of volunteering on older adults and on service recipients, service opportunities for older adults should be expanded. The development of institutions is a potentially powerful route to maximizing this potential. We propose five dimensions of institutional capacity, including expectation, access, information, incentive, and facilitation. Pilot data indicates that organizations offering service opportunities to older adults vary on these dimensions.

Atrial Fibrillation: Prevention And Termination With Pacing, Chu-Pak Lau, Kathy Lai-Fun Lee, Katherine Fan, Hon-Wah Chan

Journal of the Hong Kong College of Cardiology

Epidemiological data from the Framingham Heart Study indicate that the cumulative incidence of Atrial Fibrillation (AF) over a 22 year follow up was 2.1% in men and 1.7% in women.1 The prevalence of AF increases with age, doubling with each successive decade, and 70% of people with AF are between 65 and 85 years old. Furthermore, even after adjusting for age and other risk factors, recent data suggest that the prevalence of AF is increasing. AF is associated with a 3- to 5-fold increased risk of stroke, a 3-fold increased risk of congestive heart failure and a significant 1.5- to …

Is There A Role For Repeated Cardioversion In Patients With Recurrent Atrial Fibrillation?, Hung-Fat Tse, Chu-Pak Lau

Journal of the Hong Kong College of Cardiology

Recent clinical and experimental studies have demonstrated that atrial fibrillation (AF) alters the electrical and mechanical remodeling of the atrium which subsequently promote the maintenance and recurrence of AF. If atrial remodeling can be prevented with prompt and repeated cardioversion, the likelihood of AF recurrence may be reduced. Recent clinical studies have demonstrated that the strategies of transesophageal echocardiography facilitated early cardioversion and early repeated cardioversion may be clinically valuable in some patients who have persistent AF and recurrence of arrhythmia after the initial cardioversion. Furthermore, the use an implantable atrial defibrillator (IAD) for early repeated device-based cardioversion to maintain …