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Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

No abstract provided.

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

No abstract provided.

The U'G'R'I'Z' Standard Star Setwork, J. Allyn Smith, Douglas L. Tucker, Stephen Kent, Michael Richmond, Masataka Fukugita, Takashi Ichikawa, Shin-Ichi Ichikawa, Anders M. Jorgensen, Alan Uomoto, James E. Gunn, Masaru Hamabe, Alin Tolea, Arne Henden, James Annis, Jeffrey R. Pier, Timothy A. Mckay, Jon Brinkmann, Bing Chen, Jon Holtzman, Kazuhiro Shimasaku, Donald G. York

Articles

We present the 158 standard stars that define the u'g'r'i'z' photometric system. These stars form the basis for the photometric calibration of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). The defining instrument system and filters, the observing process, the reduction techniques, and the software used to create the stellar network are all described. We briefly discuss the history of the star selection process, the derivation of a set of transformation equations for the UBVRcIc system, and plans for future work. (Refer to PDF file for exact formulas).

Cross-Scale Structure And Scale Breaks In Ecosystems And Other Complex Systems, Craig R. Allen, C. S. Holling

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

The five articles in this special feature extend the discovery of regular patterns of deviation from scaling laws and from continuous distributions of attributes in ecosystems and other complex systems. These patterns suggest that these systems organize over discrete ranges of scale and that organization abruptly shifts with changes in scale. If this is so, scaling laws (for example, see West 1997, 1999; Zipf 1949) serve only as the baseline from which to measure those departures, and those departures indicate “scale breaks” (transitions) between scales of structure in complex systems. Patterns in the deviations from a scaling-law baseline may provide …

Variability Between Scales: Predictors Of Nomadism In Birds Of An Australian Mediterraneanclimate Ecosystem, Craig R. Allen, Denis A. Saunders

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

Nomadism in animals is a response to resource distributions that are highly variable in time and space. Using the avian fauna of the Mediterranean-climate region of southcentral Australia, we tested a number of variables to determine if they predicted nomadism. These variables were species body mass, the distance in body mass terms to the edge of a body mass aggregation, and diet (for example, seeds, invertebrates, nectar, or plants). We utilized two different classifications of the avifauna that diverged in their definition of nomadic to build two different predictive models. Using both classifications, distance to the edge of a body …

Cross-Scale Morphology, Craig R. Allen, C.S. Holling

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

The scaling of physical, biological, ecological and social phenomena has become a major focus of efforts to develop simple representations of complex systems. Much of the attention has been on discovering universal scaling laws that emerge from simple physical and geometric processes. But there are regular patterns of departures both from those scaling laws and from continuous distributions of attributes of systems; these departures often demonstrate the development of self-organized interactions between living systems and physical processes over narrower ranges of scale. Cross-scale morphology refers to morphological attributes of animals that are influenced by interaction with ecological structures and patterns …

Influence Of The Proximity And Amount Of Human Development And Roads On The Occurrence Of The Red Imported Fire Ant In The Lower Florida Keys, Elizabeth A. Forys, Craig R. Allen, Daniel P. Wojcik

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

We examined the influence of both the proximity and extent of human developments and paved roads on the presence of the predatory, non-indigenous, red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta). This species was inadvertently introduced into the United States at the port of Mobile, Alabama, around 1930 and rapidly spread to many southeastern states, including Florida. More recently, S. invicta colonized the Florida Keys, an area with a high proportion of rare and endemic vertebrate and invertebrate species. We placed bait transects in transitional salt-marsh, pineland, and hardwood hammocks on 13 of the lower Florida Keys and compared habitat …

Black Carp

National Invasive Species Council

What are black carp?

What do they look like?

Where are they from?

How Did They Get Here?

What impacts would they have on our aquatic habitats?

What is the Service doing about black carp?

What are the negative impacts of this ruling?

For More Information

Asian Carp

National Invasive Species Council

Four species of large Asian carps (grass, bighead, silver and black) have been imported into the U.S. for use in the aquaculture industry, and biologists are raising more and more concerns about their effect on native fish and shellfish when released or escaped to the wild. In fact, in the fall of 1999, fish kills in isolated ditches adjacent to the Upper Mississippi River on the Mark Twain National Wildlife Refuge in southern Illinois included large numbers (97%) of Asian carps, but only one individual each of four native fish species. After that incident, reports came in of commercial fishermen …

Early Spatial And Temporal Validation Of Modis Lai Product In The Southern Africa Kalahari, J. L. Privette, R. B. Myneni, Y. Knyazikhin, M. Mukelabai, G. Roberts, Y. Tian, Y. Wang, S. G. Leblanc

United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Publications

We evaluate the operational MODIS Leaf Area Index (LAI) product using field-sampled data collected at five sites in southern Africa in March 2000. One site (Mongu, Zambia) was sampled monthly throughout the year. All sites were along the International Geosphere Biosphere Programme’s (IGBP) Kalahari Transect, which features progressively lower annual precipitation, and hence, lower vegetation productivity, from north to south. The soils are consistently sandy. At each site, we sampled the vegetation overstory along three 750-m transects using the Tracing Radiation and Architecture in Canopies (TRAC) instrument. The resulting plant area index values were adjusted with ancillary stem area data …

Global Products Of Vegetation Leaf Area And Fraction Absorbed Par From Year One Of Modis Data, R. B. Myneni, S. Hoffman, Y. Knyazikhin, J. L. Privette, J. Glassy, Y. Tian, Y. Wang, X. Song, Y. Zhang, G. R. Smith, A. Lotsch, M. Friedl, J. T. Morisette, P. Votava, R. R. Nemani, S. W. Running

United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Publications

An algorithm based on the physics of radiative transfer in vegetation canopies for the retrieval of vegetation green leaf area index (LAI) and fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FPAR) from surface reflectances was developed and implemented for operational processing prior to the launch of the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) aboard the TERRA platform in December of 1999. The performance of the algorithm has been extensively tested in prototyping activities prior to operational production. Considerable attention was paid to characterizing the quality of the product and this information is available to the users as quality assessment (QA) accompanying the …

Multiscale Analysis And Validation Of The Modis Lai Product, Yuhong Tian, Curtis E. Woodcock, Yujie Wang, Jeff L. Privette, Nikolay V. Shabanov, Liming Zhou, Yu Zhang, Wolfgang Buermann, Jiarui Dong, Brita Veikkanen, Tuomas Häme, Kaj Andersson, Mutlu Ozdogan, Yuri Knyazikhin, Ranga B. Myneni

United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Publications

The development of appropriate ground-based validation techniques is critical to assessing uncertainties associated with satellite databased products. In this paper, the second of a two-part series, we present a method for validation of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer Leaf Area Index (MODIS LAI) product with emphasis on the sampling strategy for field data collection. Using a hierarchical scene model, we divided 30-m resolution LAI and NDVI images from Maun (Botswana), Harvard Forest (USA) and Ruokulahti Forest (Finland) into individual scale images of classes, region and pixel. Isolating the effects associated with different landscape scales through decomposition of semivariograms not only …

Cosp For Windows—Strategies For Rapid Analyses Of Cyclic-Oxidation Behavior, James L. Smialek, J. V. Auping

United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Publications

COSP is a publicly available computer Program that models the Cyclic Oxidation weight gain and Spallation process. Inputs to the model include the selection of an oxidation-growth law and a spalling geometry, plus oxide phase, growth rate, spall constant, and cycle-duration parameters. Output includes weight change, the amounts of retained and spalled oxide, the total oxygen and metal consumed, and the terminal rates of weight loss and metal consumption. The present version is an updated Windows-based program, allowing greater compatibility with current PC operating systems. Viewing of multiple models and model fits to experimental data are enabled by an instant …

High Order Numerical Simulation Of Sound Generated By The Kirchhoff Vortex, Bernhard Müller, Helen C. Yee

United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Publications

An improved high order finite difference method for low Mach number computational aeroacoustics (CAA) is described. The improvements involve the conditioning of the Euler equations to minimize numerical cancellation errors, and the use of a stable non-dissipative sixth-order central spatial interior scheme and a third-order boundary scheme. Spurious high frequency oscillations are damped by a third-order characteristic-based filter. The objective of this paper is to apply these improvements in the simulation of sound generated by the Kirchhoff vortex.

Implications Of Body Mass Patterns: Linking Ecological Structure And Process To Wildlife Conservation And Management, Jan P. Sendzimir, Craig R. Allen, Lance H. Gunderson, Craig A, Stow

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

The unprecedented scale of problems affecting wildlife ecology today overwhelms many managers. Challenges are no longer local in origin, but rather a tangle of local, regional and even global externalities often interacting in unpredictable ways. Previously isolated ecosystems have become increasingly connected at global, hemispheric and regional levels, eroding their integrity. Endocrine-disrupting compounds applied in Mexico have changed avian sexual development in the Great Lakes (Colborn et al. 1996). Chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) reproduction in the Carpathian mountains falters when the color of newborns is no longer cryptic because climate change prematurely melts snow cover (K. Perzanowski, Polish Academy …

Assessing State-Wide Biodiversity In The Florida Gap Analysis Project, L. G. Pearlstine, S. E. Smith, L. A. Brandt, C. R. Allen, W. M. Kitchens, J. Stenberg

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

The Florida Gap (FI-Gap) project provides an assessment of the degree to which native animal species and natural communities are or are not represented in existing conservation lands. Those species and communities not adequately represented in areas being managed for native species constitute 'gaps' in the existing network of conservation lands. The United States Geological Survey Gap Analysis Program is a national effort and so, eventually, all 50 states will have completed it. The objective of FI-Gap was to provide broad geographic information on the status of terrestrial vertebrates, butterflies, skippers and ants and their respective habitats to address the …

Initial Mortality Of Black Bass In B.A.S.S. Fishing Tournaments, Gene R. Wilde, Calub E. Shavlik, Kevin L. Pope

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

We studied the initial mortality of black bass Micropterus spp. that were captured, weighed in, and released in fishing tournaments conducted by the Bass Anglers Sportsman Society between 1972 and 1998. Mean annual initial mortality (i.e., mortality before weigh-in and release) ranged from 1% to 30%. Initial mortality was greatest during the 1970s (15.2%) and decreased during the 1980s (5.7%) and 1990s (1.9%). Because initial mortality was uniformly low ( ≤5%) after 1982, we used results for 1983–1998 to assess relationships involving initial mortality. Initial mortality was correlated with bag size, mean fish weight per angler, and number of fish …

Functional Group Change Within And Across Scales Following Invasions And Extinctions In The Everglades Ecosystem, Elizabeth A. Forys, Craig R. Allen

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

Cross-scale resilience theory predicts that the combination of functional diversity within scales and functional redundancy across scales is an important attribute of ecosystems because it helps these systems resist minor ecological disruptions and regenerate after major disturbances such as hurricanes and fire. Using the vertebrate fauna of south Florida, we quantified how the loss of native species and invasion by nonnatives may alter functional group richness within and across scales. We found that despite large changes in species composition due to potential extinctions and successful invasions by nonnative species, functional group richness will not change significantly within scales, there will …

Teaching And Learning In Honors, Cheryl L. Fuiks, Larry Clark

National Collegiate Honors Council Monographs

Introduction Rinda West
A Review of the Research on Personality Characteristics of Academically Talented College Students Larry Clark
Fundamental Issues In Honors Teaching: Data, Information, Knowledge, and Wisdom on the Wired Campus Larry Crockett
Community Building In Honors Education Linda Rutland Gillison
Teaching Critical Thinking In the Honors Classroom Laird Edman
Cooperative Learning In Honors Education Cheryl L. Fuiks
Honors Composition: Thoughts on Pedagogy Stewart Justman
Promoting CriticaL Thinking Through Classroom Discussion William Taylor
Using Technology In the Honors Classroom Larry Clark and Larry Crockett
A Review of Pedagogy In Honors Courses Cheryl L. Fuiks and Linda Rutland Gillison
Conclusions …

Dynamics Of Bovine Tuberculosis In Wild White-Tailed Deer In Michigan, Graham J. Hickling

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

In mid-2001, the author of this report was invited to undertake an exploratory analysis of Michigan Department of Natural Resources’ data on bovine tuberculosis (TB) infection in wild white-tailed (Odocoileus virginianus) in the northeastern Lower Peninsula of the state. The aims of this analysis were:
• to quantify the geographic spread of tuberculous deer in Michigan;
• to investigate key factors influencing the prevalence of disease in the core of the infected area;
• to interpret the results in light of overseas experience with wildlife TB, with a view to
recommending how current management of the disease might …

Game Ranching: Boon Or Bane?, Bruce Morrison

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Staff Research Publications

The title of today' s session is Game Ranching: Boon or Bane? What do we mean by game ranching? For today' s discussions, we will look at the raising of traditional wildlife species, both native and exotic, behind high-wire fences for economic return. Many years ago, this was considered a Texas problem and most state wildlife agencies did not pay much attention to the growing trend of fencing large acreages to hold wildlife captive. It was contrary to the traditional view of game management and many thought that it was just a passing fad. Today, there are thousands of captive …

Effects Of Predation And Environment On Quality Of Yellow Perch And Bluegill Populations In Nebraska Sandhill Lakes, Craig P. Paukert, David W. Willis, Joel A. Klammer

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Staff Research Publications

We investigated factors that may influence the quality (e.g., high abundance, size structure, condition, and growth) of yellow perch Perca flavescens and bluegill Lepomis macrochirus populations in Nebraska sandhill lakes. Physical (e.g., lake depth, vegetation coverage), chemical (e.g., alkalinity, conductivity), and biological (e.g., chlorophyll a, invertebrate abundance) characteristics of 30 natural lakes were determined in 1998 and 1999. Growth, condition, and size structure were not density-dependent for bluegills or yellow perch in these shallow (,4mmaximum depth) lakes. However, bluegill abundance, size structure, and condition were positively related to yellow perch abundance, size structure, and condition. Bluegill quality tended to …

Nebraska Earth Systems Education Network – Winter 2002

Nebraska Earth Systems Education Network

Content:

“Everything is Connected to Everything Else.” By Dave Gosselin

NESEN Workshops: Yes or No - Please Reply By March 8, 2002

Update Your NESEN Membership!

Nebraska Completes National Geologic Map Data Base by Duane Mohlman and Ed Pfeifer, CSD

New NESEN Website On-Line by Mark Mesarch, NESEN

Asteroids, Craters and Candy by Saundra Wever Ferichs, Nebraska State Museum

Awesome Aquifer Club, a Groundwater Education Tool by Carla Mansfield, Groundwater Foundation

Groundwater University: Serious Science, Serious Fun! by Carla Mansfield, Groundwater Foundation

Meteorite Crater Not Supported by the Facts by Charles Flowerday, CSD

SNRS Extension Forestry Courses Offered by UNL …

Application And National Geographic Information System Database To Support Two-Year Flood And Threshold Runoff Estimates, Seann Reed, Dennis Johnson, Timothy Sweeney

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

A computer application and national geospatial database have been developed to support the calculation of flooding flow (Q_f) and threshold runoff across the conterminous United States and Alaska. Flooding flow is the flow required to cause a stream to slightly overflow its bank and cause damage. Threshold runoff [L], defined as the depth of runoff required to cause flooding, is computed as flooding flow divided by the unit hydrograph peak flow. A key assumption in this work is that the two-year return flood (Q₂) is a useful surrogate for flooding flow. The application described here computes …

The Western Gray Whale: A Review Of Past Exploitation, Current Status And Potential Threats, David Weller, Alexander Burdin, Bernd Wursig, Barbara Taylor, Robert L. Brownell Jr.

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) occur along the eastern and western coastlines of the North Pacific as two geographically isolated populations and have traditionally been divided into the eastern (California-Chukchi) and western (Korean-Okhotsk) populations. Recent molecular comparisons confirm, based on differences in haplotypic frequencies, that these populations are genetically separated at the population-level. Both populations were commercially hunted, but only the eastern gray whale has returned to near pre-exploitation numbers. In contrast, the western population remains highly depleted, shows no apparent signs of recovery and its future survival remains uncertain. Research off Sakhalin Island, Russia between 1995 and 1999 …

Progress On Geoenvironmental Models For Selected Mineral Deposit Types, Robert R. Seal Ii, Nora K. Foley

United States Geological Survey: Publications

Since the beginning of economic geology as a subdiscipline of the geological sciences, economic geologists have tended to classify mineral deposits on the basis of geological, mineralogical, and geochemical criteria, in efforts to systematize our understanding of mineral deposits as an aid to exploration. These efforts have lead to classifications based on commodity, geologic setting (Cox and Singer, 1986), inferred temperatures and pressures of ore formation (Lindgren, 1933), and genetic setting (Park and MacDiarmid, 1975; Jensen and Bateman, 1979). None of these classification schemes is mutually exclusive; instead, there is considerable overlap among all of these classifications. A natural outcome …

Development Of A Circa 2000 Landcover Database For The United States, Collin Homer, Chengquan Huang, Limin Yang, Bruce K. Wylie

United States Geological Survey: Publications

Multi-Resolution Land Characterization 2000 (MRLC 2000) is a second-generation federal consortium to create an updated pool of nation-wide Landsat 7 imagery, and derive a second-generation National Land Cover Database (NLCD 2000). This multi-layer, multisource database will include a suite of 30-meter resolution data that will serve as standardized ingredients for the production of land cover – both nationally and locally. This database will also provide the framework to allow flexibility in developing and applying suites of independent data layers. These nationally standardized independent data layers or components, will be useful not only within the land-cover classification but as data themes …

Derivation Of A Tasseled Cap Transformation Based On Landsat 7 At-Satellite Reflectance, C. Huang, Bruce K. Wylie, Limin Yang, Collin Homer, Gregory Zylstra

United States Geological Survey: Publications

A new tasseled cap transformation based on Landsat 7 at-satellite reflectance was developed. This transformation is most appropriate for regional applications where atmospheric correction is not feasible. The brightness, greenness and wetness of the derived transformation collectively explained over 97% of the spectral variance of the individual scenes used in this study.

Assessment Of Elemental Concentrations In Streams Of The New Lead Belt In Southeastern Missouri, 2002–05, William G. Brumbaugh, Thomas W. May, John M. Besser, Ann L. Allert, Christopher J. Schmitt

United States Geological Survey: Publications

Concerns about possible effects of lead-mining activities on the water quality of federally protected streams located in southeastern Missouri prompted a suite of multidisciplinary studies to be conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey. As part of this investigation, a series of biological studies were initiated in 2001 for streams in the current mining region and the prospecting area. In this report, results are examined for trace elements and other selected chemical measurements in sediment, surface water, and sediment interstitial (pore) water sampled between 2002 and 2005 in association with these biological studies. Compared to reference sites, fine sediments collected downstream …

Effective Application Of Behavioral Based Processes In Offshore Operations, Jim Spigener, Gillis Gaupreaux, Frank Amato, Brian N. Craig

United States Department of Transportation: Publications

The introduction of the behavioral-based safety process in the offshore industry over the past decade has had a significant impact on safety in general and the offshore safety culture in particular. The Behavior-Based Safety (BBS) process compliments Human Factors Engineering (HFE) efforts in the struggle to improve safety by minimizing the risk in the hazardous offshore environment. The behavioral-based safety process and HFE both focus on the workers by taking advantage of their strengths and minimizing their weaknesses.

The four key steps of the behavior based safety process are as follows:

1. Identifying behaviors – Identification of and operationally defining …