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Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
The Weekly Challenger, October 17, 2002, The Weekly Challenger, Et Al
The Weekly Challenger, October 17, 2002, The Weekly Challenger, Et Al
Weekly Challenger Newspaper Collection
The October 17, 2002, issue of The Weekly Challenger.
Illinois State University Report, October 17, 2002, Illinois State University
Illinois State University Report, October 17, 2002, Illinois State University
Illinois State University Report (1966-2012)
Illinois State University bi-weekly employee newsletter.
The Bg News October 17, 2002, Bowling Green State University
The Bg News October 17, 2002, Bowling Green State University
BG News (Student Newspaper)
The BGSU campus student newspaper. October 17, 2002. Volume 91-Issue 37.
The Pacifican October 17, 2002, University Of The Pacific
The Pacifican October 17, 2002, University Of The Pacific
All Issues - Student Newspaper, The Pacifican, Pacific Weekly
No abstract provided.
Vista: October 17, 2002, University Of San Diego
Vista: October 17, 2002, University Of San Diego
USD Vista (1965-)
No abstract provided.
The Inkwell, Armstrong Atlantic State University
Effective Widths Of Unstiffened Elements Under Combined Compression And Bending, M. R. Bambach, Kim J. R. Rasmussen
Effective Widths Of Unstiffened Elements Under Combined Compression And Bending, M. R. Bambach, Kim J. R. Rasmussen
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Details of a dual-actuator rig developed for testing rectangular plates simply supported on three sides, with the remaining (longitudinal) edge free, under combined uni-axial compression and in-plane bending are presented. Particular attention is given to ensuring a constant strain eccentricity to the loaded ends, as opposed to a constant load eccentricity, in order to determine the post-buckling behavior and ultimate load and moment capacities of unstiffened thin-walled elements. Strain gradients varying from pure compression to pure bending are facilitated. The plate test results are presented in the form of strength curves, and are used to establish effective width equations for …
Gbt-Based Distortional Buckling Formulae For Thin-Walled Channel Columns And Beams, Nuno Silvestre, Dinar Camotim
Gbt-Based Distortional Buckling Formulae For Thin-Walled Channel Columns And Beams, Nuno Silvestre, Dinar Camotim
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
After a brief outline of the Generalized Beam Theory (GBT) fundamentals and linear stability analysis procedure, the main concepts and steps involved in the derivation of GBT -based fully analytical formulae are described and discussed. Such formulae provide distortional bifurcation stress estimates in cold-formed steel channel columns and beams with arbitrary sloping single-lip edge stiffeners and pinned/free-to-warp or fixed/warping-free end sections. The application of the proposed formulae is illustrated in detail and, in order to assess their accuracy and validity, results concerning several specific channel columns and beams are presented. In particular, the GBT-based analytical estimates are compared with exact …
Post-Buckling Analysis Of Light Gauge Members Using Finite Strips, J. Rhodes
Post-Buckling Analysis Of Light Gauge Members Using Finite Strips, J. Rhodes
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The development of an analysis technique for the behaviour of light gauge structural members is outlined. The analysis described is a form of finite strip approach in which the out-of-plane displacements are considered using plate theory and the in-plane displacements are considered using beam theory. Several different strip formulations are described, and the relative applicability of each formulation to buckling and post-buckling analysis is discussed. With regard to post-buckling analysis the relatively simple "lower bound approach" is discussed and compared to more complex analysis methods.
Stiffened Elements With Multiple Intermediate Stiffeners And Edge Stiffened Elements With Intermediate Stiffeners, Benjamin W. Schafer
Stiffened Elements With Multiple Intermediate Stiffeners And Edge Stiffened Elements With Intermediate Stiffeners, Benjamin W. Schafer
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Section B5 of the AISI Specification, covering stiffened elements with multiple intermediate stiffeners and edge stiffened elements with intermediate stiffeners, has been entirely replaced in the latest edition of the Cold-Formed Steel Specification (NAS 2001). The new design rules are based primarily on the work of Schafer and Pekoz (1998); however, subsequent to that work and prior to adoption by AISI, additional work was also completed. For elements with multiple intermediate stiffeners consideration of weblflange interaction was added. The resulting expressions are shown to agree well with both experimental and numerical data. New provisions for edge stiffened elements with intermediate …
Inelastic Response Of Arc-Spot Welded Deck-To-Frame Connections For Steel Roof Deck Diaphragms, M. Peuler, R. Tremblay, Colin A. Rogers
Inelastic Response Of Arc-Spot Welded Deck-To-Frame Connections For Steel Roof Deck Diaphragms, M. Peuler, R. Tremblay, Colin A. Rogers
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
An experimental program was undertaken to investigate the inelastic seismic response of metal deck roof diaphragm systems. The load carrying capacity of roof diaphragms subjected to lateral loads is directly dependent on the shear strength of the connections. Hence, as part of this larger research program, a study on the inelastic performance of arc-spot welded deck-to-frame connections was completed. The connection project involved the monotonic, cyclic and seismic testing of 235 specimens, with and without weld washers, with different electrode types, and with various steel deck and frame thicknesses. Currently, welded washer connections are recommended for the improvement of weld …
Self-Drilling Screw Joints For Cold-Formed Channel Portal Frames, Julie Mills, Roger A. Laboube
Self-Drilling Screw Joints For Cold-Formed Channel Portal Frames, Julie Mills, Roger A. Laboube
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Cold-formed C channel sections have been used in portal frame construction for agricultural sheds for many years in Australia. The knee joint designs have been copied from hot-rolled portal frames, regardless of the fact that many designers believe this is not realistic. Earlier testing conducted at the University of South Australia demonstrated that these concerns were justified and that the joint designs widely used in practice do not match the moment capacity of the sections and fail prematurely. An alternative joint design has been developed using self- drilling screws. The joint demonstrates excellent moment capacity and rigidity, and is simple …
Shear Lag Effect On Bolted C-Shaped Cold-Formed Steel Tension Members, Chi-Ling Pan, Pen-Chun Chiang
Shear Lag Effect On Bolted C-Shaped Cold-Formed Steel Tension Members, Chi-Ling Pan, Pen-Chun Chiang
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This study is concentrated on the investigation of the shear lag effect on cold-formed steel tension members. C-shaped sections with different dimensions tested by using bolted connections were discussed in this study. The comparisons were made between the test results and predictions computed based on several specifications. In order to study the stress distribution at the various locations of the cross section of specimen, the finite-element software ANSYS was also utilized in this research. Based on the experimental results, it was found that the tension strengths of test specimens predicted by the AISC-Code (1999), which takes account of the shear …
Testing Of Bolted Cold-Formed Steel Connections In Bearing (With And Without Washers), J. A. Wallace, R. M. Schuster
Testing Of Bolted Cold-Formed Steel Connections In Bearing (With And Without Washers), J. A. Wallace, R. M. Schuster
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Presently there are two cold-formed steel structural design documents in North America, i.e., in the USA, the Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members, published by the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI 1996) and in Canada, the Standard for Cold-formed Steel Structural Members, published by the Canadian Standards Association (CSA 1994). The bearing strength of bolted connections is treated differently in these two design documents. The North American Specification for the Design of Cold-formed Steel Structural Members (NAS 2001) contains a new approach for bearing of bolted connections. This approach is similar to the current S136 Standard …
Application Of A Finite Element Model To A Cold-Formed Steel C-Section With A Bearing Stiffener, G. W. Brodland, S. R. Fox
Application Of A Finite Element Model To A Cold-Formed Steel C-Section With A Bearing Stiffener, G. W. Brodland, S. R. Fox
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Described in this paper is the application of a finite element model to a cold-formed steel C-section with a bearing stiffener installed between its flanges. This model has been used to determine both the web crippling capacity of the joist, and the forces that develop in the fasteners connecting the bearing stiffener to the joist. The finite element model was also used to carry out parametric studies of the stiffened joist assembly to determine the impact on the web crippling capacity and the fastener forces caused by variations in the assembly. Based on the results of these finite element studies, …
Interim Design Rules For Flexure In Cold-Formed Steel Webs, Benjamin W. Schafer, T. W. J. Trestain
Interim Design Rules For Flexure In Cold-Formed Steel Webs, Benjamin W. Schafer, T. W. J. Trestain
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The design of cold-formed steel webs in flexure is governed by section B2.3 of the AISI Specification. Harmonization of the AISI (1996) Specification with the Canadian Standard (S136 1994), for the development of the new North American Specification (NAS 2001) has brought to light shortcomings in both the U.S. and Canadian documents and lead to the adoption of an interim design approach in the NAS (2001). The interim approach employs the AISI (1996) rules for one class of members and the S136 (1994) rules for a second class. Assessment of the resulting method with existing bending tests on Cees and …
Optimum Design Of Cold-Formed Steel Z-Shape Purlins Using A Genetic Algorithm, Wei Lu, Pentti Makelainen, Jyrki Kesti
Optimum Design Of Cold-Formed Steel Z-Shape Purlins Using A Genetic Algorithm, Wei Lu, Pentti Makelainen, Jyrki Kesti
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
In this paper, a genetic algorithm is applied to optimize the dimensions of cold-formed Z-shape purlins continuous over two spans under gravity load. The optimization criterion is to maximize the load resistance per cross-section and the design variables are chosen from the discrete values based on the manufacturing requirements. Purlins are designed in accordance with Eurocode 3, Part 1.3. In addition, the modified Eurocode 3 method, in which the elastic local buckling stress and distortional buckling stress calculated using Finite Strip Method (FSM) are integrated into the design process, is used to determine the effective section properties. The results are …
Ultimate Failure Behaviour Of Second-Generation Sheeting Subjected To Combined Bending Moment And Concentrated Load, M. Kaspers, H. H. Snijder, Monique Bakker, H. Hofmeyer
Ultimate Failure Behaviour Of Second-Generation Sheeting Subjected To Combined Bending Moment And Concentrated Load, M. Kaspers, H. H. Snijder, Monique Bakker, H. Hofmeyer
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Second-generation sheeting is widely used for cladding and roof construction. At interior supports, it is subjected to combined bending moment and concentrated load. Unfortunately, design rules for this loading are complicated and do not provide insight in the sheeting's failure behaviour. This means there is a need for a new, insight providing design rule. For first-generation sheeting, a similar problem did exist. The Technische Universiteit Eindhoven (TUE) carried out three research projects [Bakk92a,Vaes95a,Hofm00a] that provided insight in the first-generation sheeting behaviour and resulted in a new, insight providing design rule. The TUE now uses the strategy of these three research …
Behaviour Of Cold-Formed Thin-Walled Steel Short Columns With Service Holes At Elevated Temperatures, M. Feng, Y. C. Wang, J. Michael Davies
Behaviour Of Cold-Formed Thin-Walled Steel Short Columns With Service Holes At Elevated Temperatures, M. Feng, Y. C. Wang, J. Michael Davies
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This paper presents the results of an experimental and numerical investigation into the axial strength of cold-formed thin-walled lipped channel sections with service holes under ambient and uniform high temperature conditions. Short columns of two different thickness with service holes under different temperatures have been tested, and analysed by using a variety of design methods and a commercial finite element program ABAQUS (1998). Three design methods (the British Standard BS5950 Part 5 (1987), Eurocode 3 Part 1.3 (CEN 1996) and the American Specification AISI (1996)) have been used in this paper. In the finite element analysis, both geometrical and material …
Plastic Strength Of Thin-Walled Members, Dan Dubina, Viorel Ungureanu
Plastic Strength Of Thin-Walled Members, Dan Dubina, Viorel Ungureanu
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Failure of thin-walled cold-formed members in compression is always characterized by a local plastic mechanisms, either a stub or slender column is referred. Starting from this observation, the authors suggest for the interactive local-overall buckling analysis to use instead of traditional "effective section", the sectional plastic mechanism strength. This is a new approach and for this reason it is compared with another one, namely the Direct Strength Method. Experimental results and advanced FEM simulations are used to evaluate the two methods. Comparisons with European and American relevant design codes are also presented in the paper.
Design Of Industrial Storage Racks, Andrew T. Sarawit, Teoman Pekoz
Design Of Industrial Storage Racks, Andrew T. Sarawit, Teoman Pekoz
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Design of industrial steel storage racks is complex due to the presence of significant perforations in the columns and the semi-rigid nature of column bases and beam to column connections. Many assumptions are made in the current design provisions to simplify the design but as a result the design becomes rather conservative. Studies were conducted at both the component and global scale to address some of these assumptions. At the component level, the topics focused upon are the column bases, beam to column connections, and members. Results indicate that improvements in the current design procedures are possible and recommendations for …
The Design Of The Pallet Program, R. G. Beale, M. H. R. Godley
The Design Of The Pallet Program, R. G. Beale, M. H. R. Godley
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This paper describes the procedures underlying the development of the Pallet program which has been produced to design regular pallet racks according to the FEM code. The program determines the buckling load of the equivalent free sway structure and, using stability functions, calculates the axial and shear forces and the bending moments within the structure including the non-linear P - Δ effects. Twelve different combinations of load are analysed and design checks given in the FEM code applied. The paper discusses the different modes of operation of the program. Finally the accuracy of the program is discussed together with future …
Experimental Investigation Of Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Rhs Columns, Ben Young, Yahua Liu
Experimental Investigation Of Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Rhs Columns, Ben Young, Yahua Liu
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The paper describes an experimental investigation into the column strengths of cold-formed stainless steel rectangular hollow sections (RHS). A series of tests consisting of four cross-section sizes was compressed between fixed ends. The tests were performed over a range of column lengths, such that column curves were obtained for each series of tests. The failure modes of the columns involved local buckling, overall flexural buckling and interaction of local and overall buckling. The test strengths are compared with the design strengths predicted using the American, Australian/New Zealand and European specifications for cold-formed stainless steel structures. The design strengths were calculated …
Finite Element Modelling Of Stainless Steel Columns With Variation In Mechanical Properties, M. Macdonald, J. Rhodes
Finite Element Modelling Of Stainless Steel Columns With Variation In Mechanical Properties, M. Macdonald, J. Rhodes
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This paper describes the results obtained from a finite element investigation into the column capacity of Type 304 stainless steel column members of lipped channel cross-section. Stress-strain curves derived from tests were incorporated into non-linear finite element analyses of eccentrically loaded stainless steel columns. The results obtained are compared with test results on stainless steel channel columns with the same properties and dimensions, and also with design code predictions.
A Study On The Flexural Strength Capacity Of Wall Stud Assembly, Jun-Yeup Song, Hyun Suk Chung, Gap Deuk Kim, Young Bonb Kwon
A Study On The Flexural Strength Capacity Of Wall Stud Assembly, Jun-Yeup Song, Hyun Suk Chung, Gap Deuk Kim, Young Bonb Kwon
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
An investigation on the ultimate and service load capacity of cold-formed steel lipped C-section studs for the wall system is presented. An experimental research has been carried out to study the structural behavior of stud assembly subjected to lateral loads. Each test specimen consisted of three or four lipped C-section studs and two C-section tracks which restrain both ends of wall studs from rotation. The effects of main parameters, such as perforation on the web, space of bridge channel and special clip to fix the bridge channel and to sustain the distance between lips, were studied in the experimental work. …
An Experimental Study On The Load Carrying Capacity Of Cold-Formed Steel Studs And Panels, J. Wang, Y. S. Tian, T. J. Lu, C. Y. Barlow
An Experimental Study On The Load Carrying Capacity Of Cold-Formed Steel Studs And Panels, J. Wang, Y. S. Tian, T. J. Lu, C. Y. Barlow
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
A full-scale experimental study on the structural performance of load-bearing wall panels made of cold-formed steel frames and boards is presented. Six different types of C-channel stud, a total of 20 panels with one middle stud and 10 panels with two middle studs were tested under vertical compression until failure. For panels, the main variables considered are screw spacing (300 mm, 400 mm, or 600 mm) in the middle stud, board type (oriented strand board - OSB, cement particle board - CPB, or calcium silicate board - CSB), board number (no sheathing, one-side sheathing, or two-side sheathing), and loading type …
Analysis Of Sheathed Cold-Formed Steel Wall Studs, Benjamin W. Schafer, Badri Hiriyur
Analysis Of Sheathed Cold-Formed Steel Wall Studs, Benjamin W. Schafer, Badri Hiriyur
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The strength of sheathed wall systems is substantially greater than unsheathed walls with the same studs. Testing on studs sheathed on both sides with dry gypsum board demonstrate strength increases as large as 70% over unsheathed studs (Miller and Pekoz 1993, Miller and Pekoz 1994). The current AISI Specification for sheathed wall stud systems are complicated, only apply when the sheathing is identical on both sides, have several onerous prescriptive requirements, and the mechanical model employed has been questioned when compared to experimental results. This paper summarizes the deficiencies of, and arguments against, current models and suggests avenues of research …
Stress/Strain Distributions And Role Of Sheathing In Partition Wall Panels Subjected To Compression, J. Evans, J. Evans, Y. S. Tian, C. Y. Barlow
Stress/Strain Distributions And Role Of Sheathing In Partition Wall Panels Subjected To Compression, J. Evans, J. Evans, Y. S. Tian, C. Y. Barlow
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Built upon a companion study [1] on the load carrying capacity of cold-formed steel wall panels, the stress/strain distributions in each constituent of a panel - middle and side studs, top and bottom tracks, boards, and screws - are examined in detail with extensive use of strain gauges. These are subsequently synthesized to analyse the structural performance of the panel as a whole. Panels with 1-side sheathing and one middle stud were tested under vertical compressive loading. The main variables considered are screw spacing (300 mm, 400 rnm, or 600 mm) in the middle stud, board type (oriented strand board …
Direct Strength Method For The Design Of Purlins, Luis Quispe, Gregory J. Hancock
Direct Strength Method For The Design Of Purlins, Luis Quispe, Gregory J. Hancock
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The Direct Strength Method (DSM) has recently been developed by Schafer and Pekoz for the design of cold-formed steel structural members. What is now required is the calibration of the method against existing design methodologies for common structural systems such as roof and wall systems. The paper firstly explains the application of the DSM for the design of simply supported and continuous purlins. Some generalizations, such as how to handle combined bending and shear at the ends of laps, have had to be made to implement the method for continuous purlin systems. The method is then applied to study a …
Experimental Analysis Of Cold-Formed Steel Channel And Lipped-Channel Profiles Connected To Roof Panel - R-Factor Analysis, Maximiliano Malite, Carlos Eduardo Javaroni, Roberto Martins Goncalves
Experimental Analysis Of Cold-Formed Steel Channel And Lipped-Channel Profiles Connected To Roof Panel - R-Factor Analysis, Maximiliano Malite, Carlos Eduardo Javaroni, Roberto Martins Goncalves
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This paper presents and discusses test results of simulated suction effect due wind action on purlin-channel and lipped-channel sections carried out in a "vacuum box". The chosen profile sections and their dimensions are those frequently used in steel construction in Brazil. The experimental results and the failure mode analysis of the purlin behaviour subjected to suction effect were compared with the theoretical analysis and R-factor for all load steps. The tests were carried out in a " vacuum box" with plan dimensions of 4 m x 6 m, where the suction effect due to wind was simulated. The air contained …