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2002

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A Control Based Approach To Artificial Design And Plan Generation, K. Alexiou, T. Zamenopoulos Sep 2002

A Control Based Approach To Artificial Design And Plan Generation, K. Alexiou, T. Zamenopoulos

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In this paper we discuss artificial plan designing as a research field that deals with the development and use of computational models to support the generation of design descriptions in architecture and urban planning. We discuss some crucial methodological issues and we present a model for artificial design generation based on learning control methodologies. The design problem is defined as a search for "coordinated" solutions (changes) that satisfy distributed domain requirements and views expressed by human or artificial agents. The model is simulated for a land use and layout plan design problem seen within the context of a hypothetical urban …

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Maple/D: A Systematic Method For The Architect Of The Future, M. Fendl Sep 2002

Maple/D: A Systematic Method For The Architect Of The Future, M. Fendl

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper presents a systematic method for architects of complex buildings tasks working in interdisciplinary groups called MAPLE/D Method of Architectural Planning and Design. MAPLE/D was developed within the framework of an extensive research project sponsored by the DFG Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. The concept of MAPLE/D is based on • the think tool of Creative Thinking which claims to separate and simultaneously combine analytical-theoretical and creative synthesising-practical tasks, • the combination of five developed models: the Scientific Criteria Model, the Stakeholder Model, the Issue Model, the Process Model and the Competency Model and • a number of methodological tools for the …

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Understanding The User-Experience: Tools For User-Centred Design Of Interactive Media, J. Knight, M. Jefsioutine Sep 2002

Understanding The User-Experience: Tools For User-Centred Design Of Interactive Media, J. Knight, M. Jefsioutine

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Designing a usable web site structure requires understanding users’ concepts of the content. There are many approaches to usability that advocate human factors research methods and lengthy engineering style approaches to design. Such methods however, can be time consuming and may involve expertise outside the remit of the designer. We describe a user-centred design tool, whereby a proposed information architecture can be tested against users’ understanding via the web. Pilot studies suggest that the web is an effective medium for user-testing and enabled us to conduct tests quickly and efficiently. This supports our view of the efficacy of the tool …

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A Geometric Aid During The First Stages Of Product Collaborative Design, D. Pallez, P. Ghodous, M. Martinez Sep 2002

A Geometric Aid During The First Stages Of Product Collaborative Design, D. Pallez, P. Ghodous, M. Martinez

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The technological advances carried out these last years in the field of products development led the researchers to elaborate the approaches that reduce the cost and time of product development, enhance the quality of product and help the designers to be more creative. These objectives are difficult to obtain due to a large number of phases, which should be carried out during the product development and the large number of experts of different disciplines that are involved. Currently, computer aided systems and software have concentrated on the capture and representation of geometrical shape and technical information as opposed to providing …

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Developing A Method To Support Human Centered Designers In Forming Arguments: Intertwining Practice And Theory, M. Alrutz, B. Singer, T. Wahlig Sep 2002

Developing A Method To Support Human Centered Designers In Forming Arguments: Intertwining Practice And Theory, M. Alrutz, B. Singer, T. Wahlig

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper describes a design research project that was undertaken using a human-centered design approach. We first discuss why we believe our project combines an interesting mix of theory and practice. We then establish the locus of our research around one piece of the human-centered design process. To address a problem we call the “analysis-synthesis gap,” we present the Elito method as a solution. We then describe our process and results of testing a prototype of this new method. We conclude that our approach was one way of coming to rich conclusions about the theory and practice of the Elito …

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Intentionality And Design, C. Burnette Sep 2002

Intentionality And Design, C. Burnette

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper suggests that: a model of Intentionality is required in any theory of design thinking; that ”intending” is systematically informed and constrained by experience; that it is cognitively structured in terms of the source-path-goal schema; and that this schema frames, threads and manages other modes of thinking during design. The philosophical roots, cognitive structure and operational requirements of intentional thinking are indicated and a computational model of design thinking which would enable Intentionality in design to become more accessible as a subject of research is referenced.

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The Study Of Design And The Ethically Reflexive Student, C. Crouch Sep 2002

The Study Of Design And The Ethically Reflexive Student, C. Crouch

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The core units in the Visual Culture course at the School of Visual Arts, Edith Cowan University, draw heavily upon key concepts in post-colonial theory. Particularly the premises of the social and political inequality of much cultural exchange, and the ultimate impossibility of cross-cultural understanding. These are considered essential for practice in a multi-culture such as Australia’s. Despite this contextualisation, during a final year professional practice tutorial, a group of students dealing with Aboriginal copyright law argued that cultural appropriation was simply a matter of formal stylistic borrowing. They proposed that designing was an unproblematic union of expression and technical …

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Designing Within A Computer-Mediated-Communications Environment: A Current Investigation., J. Fraser Sep 2002

Designing Within A Computer-Mediated-Communications Environment: A Current Investigation., J. Fraser

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper describes ongoing research that is located within the context of the changing culture of the design classroom and the rapid growth in the exploitation of telecommunication networks on teaching and learning. The research investigates the use of ICT for international collaboration in the design classroom and the implications this might have for design curriculum development. Design education could benefit from the 'added value' of communication technology as could design students from being exposed to cross-cultural and international perspectives. If developing technology is to impact successfully on educational design practice then design teachers need to adopt a professional attitude …

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Central Florida Future, Vol. 35 No. 6, September 5, 2002 Sep 2002

Central Florida Future, Vol. 35 No. 6, September 5, 2002

Central Florida Future

Declining community begins to thrive; Student government downsizing; $640,000 budget will bring comedians concerts to UCF.

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The Colby Echo (2002-09-05), Colby College Sep 2002

The Colby Echo (2002-09-05), Colby College

The Colby Echo

Published by the students of Colby College since 1877, The Colby Echo is the weekly, editorially independent student-run newspaper of Colby College in Waterville, Maine. Published monthly, 1877-1886; semi-monthly, 1886-1897; and weekly, during the academic year, 1898-present.

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Understanding Design Iteration: Representations From An Empirical Study, R. S. Adams Sep 2002

Understanding Design Iteration: Representations From An Empirical Study, R. S. Adams

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Design is a cornerstone of the engineering profession and a prominent feature in how we educate engineers and accredit engineering programs. Design problems are often ambiguous, ill-structured, and may have multiple solutions. As a result, a designer’s understanding of the problem or possible solutions evolves through a process of iteration. Iteration is a symbolic feature in design models that represents a process of revisiting and resolving design conflicts. Although iteration is considered an integral part of design activity and a natural attribute of design competency, there is little research that explicitly operationalizes or represents iterative activity. The purpose of this …

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Urban And Regional Design: A Practical Science, I. T. Klaasen Sep 2002

Urban And Regional Design: A Practical Science, I. T. Klaasen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Widely held notions such as the uniqueness of each design and design situation and of learning the design craft in a studio with ‘apprentice’ and ‘master’ relationships, have hitherto left little room for thinking about urban design as a science. In this paper it is argued that urban and regional design is basically a practical science like medicine, applied psychology and other technical sciences. In a practical science the objective of research is the application of science : research is focused on ‘what is possible’, be it desirable or not (yet) desirable. Practical sciences differ inter alia from empirical ones …

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Distributed Design Teams: Embedded One-On-One Conversations In One-To-Many, A. Larsson, P. Törlind, A. Mabogunje, A. Milne Sep 2002

Distributed Design Teams: Embedded One-On-One Conversations In One-To-Many, A. Larsson, P. Törlind, A. Mabogunje, A. Milne

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Engineering design is fundamentally social, requiring a lot of interaction and communication between the people involved. Additionally, good design often relies upon the ability of a crossfunctional team to create a shared understanding of the task, the process and the respective roles of its members. The negotiation and bargaining for common ground are essential in the design process. It is important to provide tools and methods so that also geographically distributed design teams are given the opportunity to engage in such social interactions. This paper presents a study of interpersonal communication within the Distributed Team Innovation (DTI) framework; a joint …

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A Product Design Process Model That Can Redefine Business Strategies, D-B. Luh Sep 2002

A Product Design Process Model That Can Redefine Business Strategies, D-B. Luh

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Manzini pointed out that “traditionally, ideas follow organizations; in the future, organizations follow ideas.” In a highly competing business environment, a company’s innovation capability defines its sustainability and good new product ideas are a key ingredient to company success. Industrial design deals mainly with new product development, in which innovation ideas are central. Designers view themselves as idea creators. But, why should future organizations follow the ideas proposed by designers? If designers’ ideas are to be followed by organizations, then a different design process thinking that can redefine company goals or suggest different business strategies is necessary. As a response, …

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Designing Conceptual Mapping In Cyberspace, R. Oxman Sep 2002

Designing Conceptual Mapping In Cyberspace, R. Oxman

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The design of virtual place constitutes a special and new class of design. Virtual places are both forms of information as well as information of form. Though we already have actual experience with virtual functions in the form of virtual museums, virtual shops, virtual schools etc., there, as yet, exists no theoretical basis informing the design of virtual place. New experience is beginning to emerge that deals with key issues in the use of, and interaction in, virtual places. Among these issues is designing the sense of presence in what is a virtual world. This new knowledge and understanding is …

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Modelling The Role Of The Design Context In The Design Process. A Domain-Independent Approach, I. M. M. J. Reymen, P. Kroes, T. Basten Sep 2002

Modelling The Role Of The Design Context In The Design Process. A Domain-Independent Approach, I. M. M. J. Reymen, P. Kroes, T. Basten

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Domain-independent models of the design process are an important means for facilitating interdisciplinary communication and for supporting multidisciplinary design. Many so-called domain-independent models are, however, not really domain independent. We state that, to be domain independent, the models must abstract from domain-specific aspects, be based on the study of several design disciplines, and be useful for many design disciplines and for multidisciplinary design teams. This paper describes a domain-independent descriptive design model that is developed by studying similarities and differences between design processes in a few design disciplines. The model is based on the general theory of state transitions. We …

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The Designer As Strategist: Response From Ma Alumni, N. Gornick Sep 2002

The Designer As Strategist: Response From Ma Alumni, N. Gornick

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The underlying ambition behind the Brunel programme was to generate new kinds of design professional who understood the contextual dimension of design work, and are able to respond to these wider revolutionary changes and contribute hugely to the development of new concepts and products within organisations. They also respond to the demand for closer ties between design and its social and industrial context by taking up roles as integrators and catalysts for innovation and change. Graduates from Brunel have been accepted into manufacturing and service companies as well as design consultancies. They are valued because they have crossed the tribal …

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Common Ground - A Product Or A Process?, W. Jonas Sep 2002

Common Ground - A Product Or A Process?, W. Jonas

DRS Biennial Conference Series

What does the Common Ground metaphor mean: solid rock, fertile soil, or swampy lowlands? Are we mapping the terrain or are we just constructing it because it would be comfortable to have one? We are in a historical moment, 40 years after the first conference on design methods, initiating the short “design science decade”, when other disciplines realize the fragile, fluid, historical character of their “grounds”. On the lists and in conferences there are fierce debates, yet mainly concerning details of the respective positions. On the other hand ambitious perspectives are proclaimed, without being rooted in the community. Contributions reveal …

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Comparison Between Communication Instruments For People With Speech Impediments And The Efficiency Of Gui Environments, J-S. Jang Sep 2002

Comparison Between Communication Instruments For People With Speech Impediments And The Efficiency Of Gui Environments, J-S. Jang

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Communication is a basic desire for all humankind, and it is believed that no special groups should suffer from a cultural lag in communication. This study focuses on special groups like people with an acoustic disturbance, and those with a normal sense of hearing who are able only to communicate through sign and finger languages. Among the major difficulties encountered during communication, there were individual differences in the understanding of texts and in the expressive method of gestures. To solve these basic problems, this study largely consisted of three stages. Firstly, the illustrations used in the sign and finger language …

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The Importance Of Explaining Industrial Design Diversity, L. Justice Sep 2002

The Importance Of Explaining Industrial Design Diversity, L. Justice

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Clients in industry who come from disciplines other than design often experience deep frustration when working with or hiring industrial designers because they are not aware of the diversity in the field. Their frustration is understandable because designers themselves do not explain the diversity well and present themselves as generalists who can solve any problem. The real issue is that all designers cannot solve any problem and the word “research” has become as vague as the word “design”. In addition, some designers are wonderfully self-expressive and produce passionate designs and other designers produce wonderfully analytical solutions to complex problems. But …

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On Semantic Transformation Product Design Elements As Brand Manifestations, T-M. Karjalainen Sep 2002

On Semantic Transformation Product Design Elements As Brand Manifestations, T-M. Karjalainen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The paper presents an extract of my doctoral research in progress. It discusses the notion of semantic transformation, both as a conceptual orientation in which product design is seen embodying semantic references to specific brand qualities, and as the actual transformation process through which (linguistic) brand definitions develop into (visual) design elements. The conceptual framework stems from the fields of design semantics, brand research, design management, and design research. Theoretical discussion is supported in the paper by illustrative examples, derived from the in-depth case study of Volvo cars. First, the paper covers the themes of company identity, meaning transmission and …

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A Method For Designing And Analyzing Interaction Design At Earlier Phases Of The Design Process - Use Of The Scenario, Performance, And Description Format, K. Hasuike, T. Matsuo, K. Takeuchi, M. Tozaki Sep 2002

A Method For Designing And Analyzing Interaction Design At Earlier Phases Of The Design Process - Use Of The Scenario, Performance, And Description Format, K. Hasuike, T. Matsuo, K. Takeuchi, M. Tozaki

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In this study, we explored a set of methodologies that can be used at earlier phases of the design process, for designing and analyzing interaction design. Our methodology features a prototyping method that adopts performance technique, an observation method using video from the view of a user and a view that includes the system as a whole, and a method for describing interaction scenarios. Our method aimed to use the scenario and performance as techniques for communicating new design concepts and sharing experiences between designers and users, and to promote interaction between the user community and the design team. We …

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Product Charisma, J. Gotzsch Sep 2002

Product Charisma, J. Gotzsch

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Consumers are attracted by product designs that feel “alive” and that contain surprise elements. Meaningful product attributes are an important way to differentiate a product from the competitor’s products. Companies in mature markets, especially, have a competitive advantage when they succeed in integrating this “emotional value” or “experience” into the product design. This paper presents a classification of the various messages that a product can convey. The different product messages are visualised by means of a schema in which three groups of messages are distinguished. These three groups consist of messages about the product itself, about the company and about …

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Folding, Blending And Implicate Order: Reconceptualisation In Design Education, A. Howe, P. Dillon Sep 2002

Folding, Blending And Implicate Order: Reconceptualisation In Design Education, A. Howe, P. Dillon

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In this paper we consider some of the rich body of work of the mathematician, quantum physicist and thinker David Bohm. Bohm’s ideas have both direct and tangential relevance to design. We review Bohm’s notions of implicate and explicate order as metaphors for the totality of design and the relationship of its parts. There are parallels with initial inception and then realisation through the subsequent stages of design. If one starts with Bohm’s position that the universe has an implicate order, then design is one way of unfolding that order to make it explicate. Design ideas are enfolded around us …

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A Study In Making A Software Development Process Visual, S. Kim Sep 2002

A Study In Making A Software Development Process Visual, S. Kim

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Recently, it has been more important for software designers to do the part in developing usercentered software. They produce visual document to help communication among developers. Visual diagram to analyze user need factors is based on user scenario. Case study of distributed virtualreality services in architectural process can show a sample of developing process visually. It is important to produce visual document of one combined opinion among developers in process of defining development boundary, developing main concept, and selecting development system. Visual document created by software designer is a step to recognize design factors in the process of collecting design …

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Deciphering Myths In Design: Towards Restoring The Materiality Of The Object Through The Technique Of Re-Sketching, A. Kurtgözü Sep 2002

Deciphering Myths In Design: Towards Restoring The Materiality Of The Object Through The Technique Of Re-Sketching, A. Kurtgözü

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Architecture or Revolution. Revolution can be avoided. Le Corbusier

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Remote Usability Testing For Information Appliances Through Www - With The Emphasis On The Development Of Tools, K-P. Lee Sep 2002

Remote Usability Testing For Information Appliances Through Www - With The Emphasis On The Development Of Tools, K-P. Lee

DRS Biennial Conference Series

As the importance of interface design in information appliances became recognized, usability testing has been widely introduced. However usability testing in the environment of a closed laboratory has been known to cause some significant difficulties: cost, time, unnatural environment, and lack of opportunity for idea generation. The goal of this study is to propose the new prototype of tool for ‘remote usability testing for information appliances through World Wide Web’. At first, existing usability testing methods for information appliances are reviewed to identify major problems. Based on the problems of existing usability testing, the concept of remote usability testing through …

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Intervention Strategies For Alleviating Problems In International Co-Operative Design Projects, L-C. Lee, A. Woodcock, S.A.R. Scrivener Sep 2002

Intervention Strategies For Alleviating Problems In International Co-Operative Design Projects, L-C. Lee, A. Woodcock, S.A.R. Scrivener

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Small design teams engaged on co-operative work in the international arena typically find themselves beset by problems relating to time schedules, inadequate briefs, information flow and communication, project management, language and cultural issues. Such problems, when arising in projects of short duration, and not having the benefits of dedicated management, may increase project length, decrease the efficiency and satisfaction of project members (and reduce their willingness to participate in such ventures again) and reduce the extent to which the finished design meets the initial requirements. This paper outlines a series of low cost, high impact intervention strategies to assist design …

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Building On Virtual Common Ground: Design Participation For The Network Age, S. Little, A. Ando Sep 2002

Building On Virtual Common Ground: Design Participation For The Network Age, S. Little, A. Ando

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper describes a set of action research initiatives intended to disseminate the technical skills necessary to participation in an increasingly globalised design discourse. It starts by examining the shifting relationship between design, production and consumption triggered by globalisation. An account of partnerships between a network of “experts” and a range of “users” follows. This is premised on the use of available infrastructure and the sharing of modest technical skills. This has allowed partners in peripheral locations to embark on the more rewarding process of social learning and exploration of available ICTs without first having to climb a steep technical …

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Building Better Relationships Between Design Research, Design Research Education, Government, Industry And The Design Professions, T. Love Sep 2002

Building Better Relationships Between Design Research, Design Research Education, Government, Industry And The Design Professions, T. Love

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Governments and major industrial players regard successful innovation as one of the most significant factors in improving economic and social outcomes. Designing is the process by which new knowledge is transformed into innovative products, systems and services. Research into designing provides the foundation for improving designing and improving how innovation processes are managed. Stakeholders in design activities have relatively neglected design research. This paper focuses on the role of concepts and terminology in multidisciplinary design fields in supporting or inhibiting relationships between design professionals, designs researchers, design research educators, government and industry organisations.

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