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Festival Of Christmas: Christmas Classics (2001), St. Norbert College Music Department

Music Performances

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"My Village My Mind": Prafulla Mohanti's Internal Landscape, Geoffrey Kain

Publications

“Toward the end of my 1998 interview with Prafulla Mohanti, I asked the rather innocuous question, ‘How would you like to be remembered?’ a question whose context implied an answer of either ‘as a painter’ or ‘as a writer’…”

Break Out Session: The Future Of White Dwarf Observing, Ted Von Hippel

Publications

On Thursday, June 15, 2000 the conference participants joined on of four afternoon break out sessions. Our break out session was charged with addressing the the following questions: Astronomy is changing. Eight to ten meter telescopes looking towards the edge of the Universe will dominate the astronomical landscape. Queue scheduling, large surveys, and the current emphasis towards the red end of the spectrum will also affect us. What consequences do these changes imply for our field? How can we convince telescope assignment committees to grand observing time to proposers from our community?

White Dwarfs In Open Clusters: New Tests Of Stellar Evolution And The Age Of The Galaxy, Ted Von Hippel

Publications

White dwarf cooling theory and very deep observations in star clusters provide a new tool to test stellar evolution theory and time scales. In particular, white dwarf cooling theory is now testing the degree of enhanced core mixing in stars with turnoff ages of 1 to 2 Gyr. More generally, I show the good overall agreement between white dwarf and modern isochrone ages over the range 0.1 to 4 Gyr.

Have Moral Rights Come Of (Digital) Age In The United States?, Jane C. Ginsburg

Faculty Scholarship

More than any other contemporary American legal scholar, Professor Merryman has drawn attention to the moral rights claims of artists. Anything written in the field in the United States since 1976 owes inspiration to The Refrigerator of Bernard Buffet ("The Refrigerator") Professor Merryman's seminal article in the 1976 Hastings Law Journal. I feel this particularly acutely since I became interested in the issue as a law student, in 1978. It looked like a hopeful time, for Professor Merryman had shown the way, and the Second Circuit, in the then-recently decided Monty Python case, seemed to be paying heed. The …

Presidents, Secretaries Of State, And Other Visible International Lawyers, Lori Fisler Damrosch

Faculty Scholarship

I invite you to join me on a journey back ninety years, to the 1911 Annual Meeting as recorded in the 1911 Proceedings (pp. 340-41). President Rovine's predecessor, the then-president of the Society, was Elihu Root, a former secretary of war and secretary of state who was at the time senator for New York (Senator Clinton, please take note!). Root would win the Nobel Peace Prize the following year. President Root proposed a toast to the honorary president of the Society, who then gave the banquet address.

Three Nearly Sacred Books In Western Law, George P. Fletcher

Faculty Scholarship

We American lawyers pride ourselves on the secular nature of our legal system. We celebrate the separation of Church and State. We think that the moving spirit of the law is to be found not in eternal truths about the universe but in the contingent needs of social and economic policy. "The life of the law has not been logic: it has been experience," said Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., in a sentence that since 1881 has broadcast to every new generation of lawyers the pragmatic foundations of their craft.

We assume that we have little in common with the great …

Feminism At The Millennium, Carol Sanger

Faculty Scholarship

Sexism of all kinds – subtle and blatant, criminal and legal, commercial and private – is the topic of the three books under review. The books initially sort themselves out by discipline: Everyday Sexism and Subtle Sexism are anthologies whose editors and contributors are primarily sociologists; Speaking of Sex is written by a law professor and offers a more focused argument about the persistence of gender inequalities. Distinctions in authorship aside, the three books pose a pair of similar and painfully familiar questions: Why is so much still organized to the disadvantage of women, and what can (feminist) academics contribute …

Allegro Music Club Of Rock Hill Records - Accession 164, Music Club Of Rock Hill, Allegro

Manuscript Collection

The Allegro Music Club of Rock Hill Records consist of a history, constitutions, minutes, yearbooks, correspondence, rating sheets, financial records, program notes, newspaper clippings, and awards of merit, relating to the history and activities of the local women’s music club which was founded in 1950.

White Dwarfs In Common Proper Motion Binary Systems: Mass Distribution And Kinematics, Nicole M. Silvestri, Terry D. Oswalt, Matt A. Wood, J. Allyn Smith, I. Neill Reid, Edward M. Sion

Publications

We present the mass distribution, gravitational redshifts, radial velocities, and space motions of white dwarf stars in common proper motion binary systems. The mass distribution we derive for the 41 DA white dwarfs in this study has a mean of 0.68 ± 0.04 M_Ꙩ. This distribution has a slightly higher mean and larger dispersion than most previous white dwarf studies. We hypothesize that this is due to a higher fraction of cool (average T_eff ̴ 10,000 K), hence old, white dwarfs in our sample. Our results indicate that samples made up of predominantly cool, old white dwarf stars …

Estates & Trusts: 2001 Survey Of Florida Law, Eloisa Rodriguez-Dod

Faculty Publications

This article discusses relevant changes in Florida probate and trust statutes and regulations through mid-2001, updating a prior survey published in 1998. The article highlights and summarizes, some aspects of the elective share provisions and other legislative changes to the Florida Probate Code and Trust Administration Statutes. Amendments to the Florida Probate Rules are also highlighted. Lastly, the article highlights some significant cases decided during mid-2001 that affected this area of the law.

Guns, Crime, And Punishment In America, Bernard E. Harcourt

Faculty Scholarship

There are over 200 million firearms in private hands in the United States, more than a third of which are handguns. In 1993 alone, it is estimated that 1.3 million victims of serious violent crime faced an offender with a gun. In 1999, there were approximately 563,000 such victims. Estimates of defensive uses of firearms – situations where individuals used a gun to protect themselves, someone else, or their property – range from 65,000 to 2.5 million per year. Punishments for crimes committed with a firearm are severe: under the federal firearms enhancement statute, the mandatory minimum sentence for use …

Chevron's Domain, Thomas W. Merrill, Kristin E. Hickman

Faculty Scholarship

The Supreme Court's decision in Chevron U.S.A. Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Counsel, Inc. dramatically expanded the circumstances in which courts must defer to agency interpretations of statutes. The idea that deference on questions of law is sometimes required was not new. Prior to Chevron, however, courts were said to have such a duty only when Congress expressly delegates authority to an agency "to define a statutory term or prescribe a method of executing a statutory provision.^" Outside this narrow context, whether courts would defer to an agency's legal interpretation depended upon multiple factors that courts evaluated in …

Fear And Loathing Of Politics In The Legal Academy, William H. Simon

Faculty Scholarship

In a recent lament about Bush v. Gore, Bruce Ackerman feared that the patent groundlessness of the opinion would convince many of a proposition he attributed to critical legal studies: that law is simply a form of politics.

This remark reflects two tendencies prominent at the Yale Law School in recent years: first, a preoccupation with a now extinct and never very successful movement of left legal academics, and second, a tendency to conflate this movement with the legal conservatism of Jusice Scalia and his collaborators at the University of Chicago and the Rehnquist Court.

These tendencies ride high …

Sales And Elections As Methods For Transferring Corporate Control, Ronald J. Gilson, Alan Schwartz

Faculty Scholarship

Delaware case law has rendered the tender offer obsolete as a method for purchasing a company whose directors oppose the acquisition. A potential acquirer facing target opposition today must run an insurgent director slate, in the expectation that its directors are more likely to sell. The Delaware courts have not justified their preference for elections over markets as the preferred vehicle for implementing changes in control. Informal scholarly analyses ask transaction cost questions, such as whether proxy contests are more costly than takeovers. This article attempts to break new ground by asking whether there are systematic differences in the performance …

Reflections On Environmental Justice, Michael B. Gerrard

Faculty Scholarship

Environmental justice is a very hot topic. Yesterday's New York Times on the front page of the Metropolitan section had a story stating: Mid-Sized Plants Headed to Poor Areas. The story stated, "The Pataki administration acknowledges in its own study that the electric generators that it wants to install around New York City would go into poor heavily minority communities, a finding that supports some of the arguments of the project's opponents. This is quoting an unreleased environmental justice analysis that may or may not be valid, but it certainly shows how hot a topic it is. This morning …

North River Lake, Cooperative Extension

UNH Cooperative Extension

No abstract provided.

Photooxidation Of Polymeric-Inorganic Nanocomposites: Chemical, Thermal Stability And Fire Retardancy Investigations, Adams Tidjani, Charles A. Wilkie

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

Nanocomposites of polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride/clay and polypropylene/clay were prepared by melt blending using two different approaches. X-Ray diffraction results showed an intercalated structure. Samples of nanocomposites were exposed to UV light under atmospheric oxygen and their photo-oxidative stability was studied using FTIR and UV spectroscopy. The consequences of this photo-oxidation on the thermal stability and fire retardant performance of the nanocomposites were also addressed from thermogravimetry analysis and Cone calorimetry.

Xps Characterization Of Friedel-Crafts Cross-Linked Polystyrene, Jiangqi Wang, Jianxin Du, Hongyang Yao, Charles A. Wilkie

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

The combination of a difunctional alkylating agent, either hydroxymethylbenzyl chloride or α,α′-dichloroxylene with polystyrene or high-impact polystyrene together with a Friedel-Crafts catalyst, 2-ethylhexyldiphenylphosphate, and an amine to react with hydrogen chloride has been studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results confirm what had been suggested from previous investigations using thermogravimetric analysis; cross-linking of the polymer occurs as the temperature is raised and the alcohol-containing alkylating agent gives a greater amount of cross-linking than does the dichloro compound.

An Xps Investigation Of Thermal Degradation And Charring Of Cross-Linked Polyisoprene And Polychloroprene, Jianwei Hao, Charles A. Wilkie, Jiangqi Wang

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

Our interest in butadiene-containing polymers had led to an investigation of the thermal degradation of polyisoprene, PIP, and polychloroprene, PCP. The connection between cross-linking and thermal stability through an examination of PIP and PCP has been reported. Like the course of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) the cross-linking and charring of polymers subjected to heat can also be experimentally observed as function of temperatures by the pseudo-in-situ XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy). Data acquisition of C1s spectra as function of temperature permits us to explore: (1) the extent of cross-linking and/or carbon accumulation of systems of PCP and PIP with/without initiators, BPO and …

Studies On The Mechanism By Which The Formation Of Nanocomposites Enhance Thermal Stability, Jin Zhu, Fawn Marie Uhl, Alexander B. Morgan, Charles A. Wilkie

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

Polystyrene−clay and polystyrene−graphite nanocomposites have been prepared and used to explore the process by which the presence of clay or graphite in a nanocomposite enhances the thermal stability of polymers. This study has been designed to determine if the presence of paramagnetic iron in the matrix can result in radical trapping and thus enhance thermal stability. Nanocomposites were prepared by bulk polymerization using both iron-containing and iron-depleted clays and graphites, and they were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and cone calorimetry. The presence of structural iron, rather than that present as an impurity, significantly increases the …

The Rise Of Dispersed Ownership: The Roles Of Law And The State In The Separation Of Ownership And Control, John C. Coffee Jr.

Faculty Scholarship

Recent scholarship on comparative corporate governance has produced a puzzle. While Berle and Means had assumed that all large public corporations would mature to an end-stage capital structure characterized by the separation of ownership and control, the contemporary empirical evidence is decidedly to the contrary. Instead of convergence toward a single capital structure, the twentieth century saw the polarization of corporate structure between two rival systems of corporate governance:

1. A Dispersed Ownership System, characterized by strong securities markets, rigorous disclosure standards, and high market transparency, in which the market for corporate control constitutes the ultimate disciplinary mechanism; and
2. A …

The Liberal Commons, Hanoch Dagan, Michael A. Heller

Faculty Scholarship

Following the Civil War, black Americans began acquiring land in earnest; by 1920 almost one million black families owned farms. Since then, black rural landownership has dropped by more than 98% and continues in rapid decline – there are now fewer than 19,000 black-operated farms left in America. By contrast, white-operated farms dropped only by half, from about 5.5 million to 2.4 million. Commentators have offered as partial explanations the consolidation of inefficient small farms and intense racial discrimination in farm lending. However, even absent these factors, the unintended effects of old-fashioned American property law might have led to the …

The David R. Tillinghast Lecture: Taxing International Income: Inadequate Principles, Outdated Concepts, And Unsatisfactory Policies, Michael J. Graetz

Faculty Scholarship

It is a pleasure to be here today to deliver the first David R. Tillinghast Lecture of the 21st century, a lecture honoring a man who has done much to shape and stimulate our thinking about the international tax world of the 20th.

Our nation's system for taxing international income today is largely a creature of the period 1918-1928, a time when the income tax was itself in childhood. From the inception of the income tax (1913 for individuals, 1909 for corporations) until 1918, foreign taxes were deducted like any other business expense. In 1918, the foreign tax credit (FTC) …

Publication Rules In The Rulemaking Spectrum: Assuring Proper Respect For An Essential Element, Peter L. Strauss

Faculty Scholarship

Imagine a visitor who seeks to catalog the variety of written texts American government uses to communicate its powers and its citizens' rights and obligations. She might organize those texts into the following pyramid:

• A Constitution, adopted by "the people"

• Hundreds of statutes, adopted by an elected Congress

• Thousands of regulations, adopted by politically responsible executive officials

• Tens of thousands of interpretations and other guidance documents, issued by responsible bureaus

• Countless advice letters, press releases, and other statements of understanding, generated by individual bureaucrats

On inquiry she would find that we understand passably well the …

Electron Redistribution Of Aromatic Ligands In (Arene)Cr(Co)3 Complexes. Structural (Bond-Length) Changes As Quantitative Measures, P. Le Maguères, Sergey V. Lindeman, Jay K. Kochi

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

Arene ligands experience significant ring expansion upon coordination with chromium tricarbonyl, as established by precise X-ray crystallographic analyses of various (η⁶-arene)Cr(CO)₃ complexes. Such changes in ligand structures result from the charge (electron) redistribution, Ar⁺−Cr^-, upon arene coordination, since they are closely related to those found in the intermolecular 1:1 complexes of the corresponding series of arenes with nitrosonium cation (NO⁺). The latter are prototypical examples of charge-transfer complexes as described by Mulliken. As such, they show enhanced degrees of charge (electron) transfer that approach unity, which is confirmed by quantitative comparison …

Noncovalent Binding Of The Halogens To Aromatic Donors. Discrete Structures Of Labile Br2 Complexes With Benzene And Toluene, Alexandr V. Vasilyev, Sergey V. Lindeman, Jay K. Kochi

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

Precise molecular structures resulting from the noncovalent interaction of Br₂ with benzene (and toluene) reveal the unusual localized bonding to specific (one or two) carbon centers in prereactive complexes leading directly to the transition states for electrophilic aromatic brominations.

The Property/Contract Interface, Thomas W. Merrill, Henry E. Smith

Faculty Scholarship

This Article explores the distinction between in personam contract rights and in rem property rights. It presents a functional explanation for why the legal system utilizes these two modalities of rights, grounded in the pattern of information costs associated with each modality. To test this theory, the Article examines four legal institutions that fall along the property/contract interface – bailments, landlord-tenant law, security interests, and trusts – in order to determine how the legal doctrine varies as the underlying situation shifts from in personam, to in rem, to certain relations intermediate between these poles. With respect to each institution, we …

Frictions As A Constraint On Tax Planning, David M. Schizer

Faculty Scholarship

The government often uses narrow tax reforms to target specific planning strategies. Sometimes the targeted transaction is stopped. But in other cases, taxpayers press on, tweaking the deal just enough to sidestep the reform. The difference often lies in transaction costs, financial accounting, and other 'frictions, " which are constraints on tax planning external to the tax law.

This Article contributes a methodology for determining whether frictions will block end runs, and illustrates the effect of frictions by comparing the constructive sale rule of section 1259 with the constructive ownership rule of section 1260. These reforms use the same statutory …

Preliminary Evaluation Of A Guideline Classification System, Elmer Bernstam, Nachman Ash, Mor Peleg, Samson Tu, Edward H. Shortliffe, Robert A. Greenes

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In a previous paper, we presented a proposed expansion of the National Guideline Clearing-house (NGC) classification1. We performed a preliminary evaluation of the classification based on 100 guidelines randomly selected from the NGC collection. We found that 89 of the 100 guidelines could be assigned to a single guideline category. To test inter-observer agreement, twenty guidelines were also categorized by a second investigator. Agreement was found to be 40-90% depending on the axis, which compares favorably with agreement among MeSH indexers (30-60%)2. We conclude that categorization is feasible. Further research is needed to clarify axes with poor inter-observer agreement.