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Journal Of The Arkansas Academy Of Science - Volume 55 2001, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Life History Of The River Shiner, Notropis Blennius (Cyprinidae), In The Arkansas River Of Western Arkansas, Laura Hudson, Thomas M. Buchanan

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The reproductive cycle, food habits, and age and growth of the river shiner, Notropis blennius (Girard), in the Arkansas River of western Arkansas were studied from May 1996 through October 1997. Based on gonadosomatic indices and mean ovumd iameters of females, tubercle development in males, and the first appearance of young-of-year in samples, the breeding season extended from June through August in both 1996 and 1997. The river shiner is a diurnal, generalist feeder that forages on a wide variety of food items. In all four seasons, detritus dominated the diets of adults and juveniles in terms of volume and …

Breeding Season Distribution Of Cerulean Warblers In Arkansas In The 1990s, Douglas A. James, Christopher J. Kellner, Jan Self, Jerry Davis

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Cerulean Warbler (Dendroica cerulea) has been declining in numbers in its North American nesting range, and the same is true in Arkansas. To provide specific sites that can be monitored in the future, this study describes places where the bird was documented in the state in the 1990s. The warbler was found in mature deciduous forest in both upland and bottomland situations but was most abundant in the upland Ozark forests and uncommon in other regions of the state. Most (70%) of the occupied sites were on federal and state lands. Pattern of overall distribution was essentially the same …

Characterization Of A PorosTm-Fumonisin B1 Affinity Column For Isolating Ceramide Synthase From Rat Liver, S. Jernigan, W. B. Melchior Jr., G. R. Jenkins, K. L. Rowland, D. W. Roberts, P. C. Howard, H. Tolleson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Fumonisin B1 is a mycotoxin produced by fungi of the genus Fusarium, common pathogens of corn and other grain plants. Toxic effects associated with fumonisin B1 include equine leukoencephalomacia, porcine pulmonary edema, rat renal carcinoma, and murine hepatocellular carcinoma. Increased risk for esophageal cancer in humans has been epidemiologically associated with consumption of corn contaminated with Fusarium, suggesting that fumonisin B1 may be involved. The biological effects of fumonisin B1 exposure result primarily from disruption of de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis via inhibition of ceramide synthase. Exposure of animals or cultured cells to fumonisin B1 results in the characteristic accumulation of …

Identification Of Florida Largemouth Bass Alleles In Arkansas Public And Private Aquaculture Ponds, Ronald L. Johnson, Randall Staley

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Florida subspecies of the largemouth bass (LMB) has often been introduced into waters outside of its range, with escape of individuals into associated waterways common. Sustaining pure lines within controlled hatchery settings is also difficult. The present study investigated LMB populations by way of allozyme analysis of three diagnostic loci of 115 LMB in three public and seven private aquaculture ponds within Arkansas. The goal was to determine the success of hatcheries in maintaining pure subspecies. None of the pond populations studied were fixed for all alleles. Private ponds had northern LMB allele frequencies of up to 0.40 in …

Geologic Hazards Associated With Shale Strata And Swelling Clays Within Fayetteville Quadrangle, Washington County, Arkansas, Maria E. King, Jack T. King, Stephen K. Boss

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Distribution Of Leconte's Free-Tailed Bat (Tadarida Brasiliensis Cynocephala) In Arkansas, With Notes On Reproduction And Natural History, David A. Saugey, D. Blake Sasse, J. D. Wilhide, Drew Reed, Tammy R. Jones, Darrell R. Heath, Daniel R. England

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

During the past 20 years (1982-2001) we have studied the biology, occurrence and distribution of LeConte's (Brazilian) free-tailed bat, Tadarida brasiliensis cynocephala, in Arkansas. Colonies and individuals were reported from man made structures only. Four new county records have been documented since 1988, extending the range from the central part of the state to Arkansas's northern-most tier of counties. Numerous nuisance maternity colonies were investigated during exclusion activities and one, year-round colony provided the majority of reproductive data. A total of 152 free-tailed bats was submitted to the Arkansas Department of Health Rabies Laboratory (1982-2001); most during February through April, …

Moisture Determination By Thermal Titrimetry Using The Enthalpy Of Reaction Of 2,2-Dimethoxypropane With Water, Edmond W. Wilson Jr., Reagan Baber

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Assays for water content can be readily and simply carried out using the technique of thermal titrations. The method is based on measuring the endothermic heat of reaction exhibited when 2,2-dimethoxypropane is brought into contact with water in the presence of an acid catalyst. The apparatus is simple, requiring a constant delivery rate buret, a recording thermistor thermometer, and a stirred, thermally insulated reaction container. The 2,2-dimethoxypropane reagent used for the water assays is environmentally friendly ("green"). It is stable, pleasant smelling and economical. Working curves in three solvents, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-dioxane, show excellent precision and linearity with increasing …

Thermodynamic Properties Of Neutron-Rich Matter, Matt Tilley, Bao-An Li

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The mechanism of supernova explosion and properties of neutron stars are uniquely determined by the equation of state of neutron-rich matter. Using a phenomenological equation of state within a thermal model, we study thermodynamic properties of neutron-rich matter. In particular, we investigate chemical (diffusive) and mechanical (isothermal) instabilities of neutron-rich matter and their dependence on the nuclear equation of state. Both instabilities are found to be heavily dependent upon the isospin asymmetry, temperature, and density of neutron-rich matter. We show that the boundary of the chemical instability extends farther out into the density-isospin symmetry plane than that of the mechanical …

Multi-Phase Transport Study Of Relativistic Nuclear Collisions, Bin Zhang, C. M. Ko, Bao-An Li, Ziwei Lin, Subrata Pal

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A multi-phase transport model (AMPT) is developed for the study of hot and dense matter produced in relativistic nuclear collisions. This model includes both initial partonic and final hadronic scattering. Using the AMPT model, we study the momentum distributions of charged particles such as protons, antiprotons, pions, and kaons in central heavy ion collisions at Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) and Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) energies. The results are consistent with experimental data at these energies. They indicate a significant nuclear shadowing but a relative weak jet quenching in the initial dense matter. Antiproton to proton ratio at mid-rapidity increases …

Results Of A Bat Survey In The Western Ozark National Forest, Michelle L. Caviness, Douglas A. James

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Ouachita Mountain Population Of Diphasiastrum Digitatum (Dillenius Ex. A. Braun (Holub)) Reported In Montgomery County On The Ouachita National Forest, Terry Keith Mckay, Daniel L. Marsh

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Plasmid Analysis Of Bacteria That Metabolize The Detergent Igepon, Russell O. Nordeen, Thetsu Mon, David Gilmore

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Synthesis Of A Ruthenium-Tetra(Tht)Dichloride Compound And The Molecular Structure Of The Partially Oxidized Compound Rucl2(Tht)2.2(Tht-O)1.8, L. A. Thornton, Mark Draganjac, Andres Meza, A. W. Cordes

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

New Records Of The Woodchuck (Marmota Monax) From Southern Arkansas, C. Renn Tumlison, Anna Smith, Randy Frazier

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Synthesis And Characterization Of A Ruthenium-Thioxane Complex, Amanda Wroble, Scotty Sproles, Mark Draganjac, Paul M. Nave

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Table Of Contents, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Middle-Ear Function With Tympanic-Membrane Perforations. I. Measurements And Mechanisms, Susan E. Voss, John J. Rosowski, Saumil N. Merchant, William T. Peake

Engineering: Faculty Publications

Sound transmission through ears with tympanic-membrane ~TM! perforations is not well understood. Here, measurements on human-cadaver ears are reported that describe sound transmission through the middle ear with experimentally produced perforations, which range from 0.5 to 5.0 mm in diameter. Three response variables were measured with acoustic stimulation at the TM: stapes velocity, middle-ear cavity sound pressure, and acoustic impedance at the TM. The stapes-velocity measurements show that perforations cause frequency-dependent losses; at low frequencies losses are largest and increase as perforation size increases. Measurements of middle-ear cavity pressure coupled with the stapes-velocity measurements indicate that the dominant mechanism for …

Maasai Oxen, Agriculture And Land Use Change In Monduli District, Tanzania, Andrew Bernard Conroy

Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation examines the sustainability of the use of oxen by the Maasai and Arusha (WaArusha) people, in Monduli District, Tanzania. Traditionally pastoralists, the Maasai are undergoing a social and agricultural transformation process of sedentarization in this region. The villages included in the case study were Arkatan, Engaruka, Esilalei, Lashaine, Lendikenya, Lolkisale, Losirwa, Mbuyuni, Mswakini, and Selela. Using semi-structured interviews the heads of 130 Maasai homesteads (bomas), as well as, other informants were interviewed. The history, issues of technology transfer and future prospects of animal traction were examined, as well as, the obstacles and constraints facing the Maasai in their …

Clare Jarecki: Premier Tool And Die Man, Gordon L. Olson

Grand Valley Reports and Histories

Biography of Michigan entrepreneur Clare Jarecki. Jarecki provided funding for the Fred M. Keller Engineering Laboratories Building at Grand Valley.

Leslie E. Tassell: Fun-Loving Entrepreneur, Grand Valley State University, Gordon L. Olson

Grand Valley Reports and Histories

Biography of Michigan entrepreneur Leslie E. Tassell. Tassell provided funding for the Fred M. Keller Engineering Laboratories Building and the Engineering programs at Grand Valley.

Main Poche: The Last Of The Traditional Potawatomi War Chiefs, Jeff Chivis

McNair Scholars Journal

In the opening years of the 19th century, Native and European Americans struggled for lands throughout the area that we now refer to as the Midwest part of the United States. Among the leaders of the Indians who resisted European intrusion into their territories were the legendary Tecumseh and his brother Tenskwatawa, the Shawnee Prophet. Much has been written about these two significant figures in American history (Sugden 1985), but other leaders also emerged during this time that have not been well researched. One of these is the Potawatomi wabeno and war chief, Main Poche. This paper briefly describes Main …

Novel Glutaredoxin Gene In Soybean Responds To Aluminum Toxicity In Soil, Kisha D. Thomas-Bostic

McNair Scholars Journal

Oxidative stress generated by aerobic metabolism or from environmental sources is a major cause of damage to organisms. Aluminum is a major toxin in acidic soils and one proposed source of oxidative stress. The enzyme glutaredoxin utilizes a disulfide oxidation-reduction mechanism to detoxify free radicals and is one way organisms have evolved to handle oxidative stress. We have recently isolated a novel glutaredoxin cDNA from soybean; sequence analysis indicates that it is highly similar to other plant glutaredoxin. We grew soybean seedlings in soils containing 0, 20, and 50 mM AlCl3 to examine the effect of high levels of Al …

Investigation Of Amnestic Effects Of Microinjections Of Nmda Receptor Antagonist Ap5 Directly To The Goldfish Telencephalon, Jennifer Bazner

McNair Scholars Journal

N-Methyl-D-asparate (NMDA) receptor antagonists have been shown to block long-term potentiation (LTP), an increased effectiveness in communication among neurons and a physiological correlate of learning and memory, and also impair certain learning in mammals. Previous studies in our lab have shown that NMDA receptor antagonists injected into the cranial space in goldfish impair active avoidance conditioning. In mammals, NMDA receptor antagonists block LTP in the hippocampus, which may result in learning impairment in mammals. Although neuroanatomists are not yet in agreement with which part of the goldfish telecephalon s homologous to the hippocampus in mammals, studies have shown that telecephalon …

Sexual Harassment: Do Perceptions Differ Across Race And Sex, Amanda J. Webster

McNair Scholars Journal

The present study examined the perceptions of sexual harassment across both respondent race (Black and White) and respondent sex (male and female) using a scenario manipulation and questionnaire. Harasser sex (male and female) was also manipulated. The scenario questionnaire, which included eight items, asked respondents to role-play the victim of a sexual harassment incident and indicate their perceptions of the situation. They also responded to a 19-item generalized measure of attitudes toward sexual harassment (Mazer and Percival, 1989). Both measures were scored using a 7-point Likert scale. Results are interpreted in the context of perceptual differences of sexual harassment across …

Violence, Risk, And The Training Of Campus Police Officers, Latasha Williams

McNair Scholars Journal

With recent headlines of school shootings and vehicular homicide dominating the news, social concern about the prevention of violent crimes and violent behavior only continues to increase. It seems logical that the issue of violent crimeshould also be a concern for campus police departments and administrators of college campuses. However, despite recent advances in identifying risk factors related to violent criminal behavior and in the development of theories and methods of perpetrator identification, there is no published data regarding how or if these advances are being put to use in settings such as college campuses. This paper presents a preliminary …

Uncoverings: The Research Papers Of The American Quilt Study Group, Volume 22 (2001), Virginia Gunn, Gloria Seaman Allen, Lynn A. Bonfield, Linda Welters, Margaret Ordoñez, Barbara J. Eikmeier, Laurel Horton, Yolanda Hood

Uncoverings Journal

Preface by Virginia Gunn

Research Papers

Slaves as Textile Artisans: Documentary Evidence for the Chesapeake Region by Gloria Seaman Allen

Quilts for Civil War Soldiers from Peacham, Vermont by Lynn A. Bonfield

Early Calico Printing in Rhode Island by Linda Welters and Margaret Ordoñez

A Style Emerges: Korean Culture in Contemporary Quilts by Barbara J. Eikmeier

The Quilts of the Chattahoochee Country Dancers by Laurel Horton

The Culture of Resistance: African American Art Quilts and Self-Defining by Yolanda Hood

In memoriam: Lucy Hattie Hilty (1917-2001), Berkeley, California

In memoriam: Natalie Sweetser Hart (December 14, 1940-March 27, 2001), Chester, New Jersey …

Asymmetry And U.S. Military Strategy: Definition, Background, And Strategic Concepts, Douglas V. Johnson Dr., Steven Metz Dr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

This report gives a simple and comprehensive definition of strategic asymmetry reflecting the need for military doctrine which transcends today's specific issues. The authors assess the strategic situation of the United States in terms of positive and negative asymmetry and offer five strategic concepts as part of the response to asymmetry: maximum conceptual and organizational adaptability, focused intelligence, minimal vulnerability, full spectrum precision, and an integrated homeland security strategy.

Gats' Applicability To Transnational Lawyering And Its Potential Impact On U.S. State Regulation Of Lawyers, Laurel S. Terry

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

This Article examines the impact of the General Agreement on Trade in Services, or GATS, on legal services, and more specifically on the legal ethics rules in the United States. The Article begins by explaining background information about the global nature of legal services. Then, the Author details the structure and operation of the GATS, including its relevant exemptions, and its applicability to legal services. Next, the Article explores developments that have occurred since the signing of the GATS, including the possible significance to U.S. regulation of the legal profession. Subsequently, the Author identifies remaining questions about the effects of …

Cyprus In Europe: Seizing The Momentum Of Nice, Patrick R. Hugg

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

In December 2000 the European Council Summit in Nice fulfilled the promise for European Union enlargement made at the Helsinki Summit the year before. The leaders of the EU Member States reaffirmed their commitment to the accession of the applicant countries, making possible the broad re-unification of the continent under democratic rule of law and free market economies. This Article focuses specifically on the accession of the island of Cyprus, Europe's remaining divided state, poised strategically between East and West. The island's armed stand-off presents the clearest example of legal conflict between two ethnic communities in a discrete geographical territory, …