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Aga Khan University Progress Report 2000-2001, Aga Khan University

The Aga Khan University Reports Archives

• Foreword
• Aga Khan University
• University Focus
• University in the Community
• Research and Development Highlights
• Seminar and Conference Highlights
• Major University Partners and Supporters
• New Facilities
• Financial Information
• University Overview
• University Governance and Board of Trustees

Utility Of Walleyes And Saugeyes As Secondary Predators In Small South Dakota Impoundments, Mark J. Ermer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Walleye Stizostedion vitreum and saugeye (walleye x sauger S. canadense) fingerlings were concurrently stocked at equal densities into five small impoundments in 1997, 1988, and 1999 to evaluate relative survival, growth and their ability to restructure existing panfish communities. Prior to stocking, fish were differentially marked on the right or left side with freeze brands or with 700 ppm oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC) to allow accurate identification of each fish as a walleye (fry mark) or a saugeye (fingerling mark). Spring and fall night electrofishing was used to sample the stocked percids, as well as potential competing species such as largemouth …

All Suffer The Affliction Of The One: Metaphysical Holism And The Presence Of The Spirit, Brad Kallenberg

Theology and Religious Studies Faculty Publications

When Copernicus and Galileo proposed that the earth circled the sun and not the 217 other way around, Christian believers faced the difficult prospect of surrendering a long-held belief that had seemingly undeniable support from the biblical text. After all, Joshua reported that the sun, not the earth, stood still; what could this mean if not that the sun orbited the earth? Today, centuries later, believers unanimously hold a heliocentric view of the solar system and are somewhat embarrassed by the ignorance of our pre-Enlightenment brothers and sisters. Ironically, however, such embarrassment masks the possibility that we ourselves may one …

2001-2003 Undergraduate Catalog, The University Of Alabama In Huntsville

Course Catalogs

Includes academic calendars, campus resources, a campus map, admissions requirements, and information about finances and degree programs for the academic years 2001-2002 and 2002-2003.

January-February 2001, University Of North Dakota Alumni Association

ALL: UND Alumni Review Master List

January- February 2001 issue of "The University of North Dakota Alumni Review." 40 pages

Volume 84, Number 1

Molecular Genetics Of Breast Cancer, Emel Ergül, Ali̇ Sazci

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Recent advances in molecular biology enable researchers to understand the basis of breast cancer much better and show that hereditery breast cancer may result from mutations on several specific gene loci including BRCA1, BRCA2, p53, ATM and PTEN. These genes are tumor supressor genes and although their functions are different, they are all involved in the maintenance of genomic stability after DNA damage. Mutations that impair the function of these genes may adversely affect the manner in which DNA damage is processed. It is likely that the risk of breast cancer development is increased through this mechanism. Moreover, there are …

Comparison Of Two B-Polynomial Methods: Application To The Identification Of Time Delayed Processes, Ruiyao Gao, Aidan O'Dwyer

Conference papers

An extensive literature exists on the estimation of the model parameters of time delayed processes. The objective of this paper is to review the main B-polynomial approaches to the delay estimation problem. More specifically, two algorithms are discussed and compared theoretically and in simulation. The algorithms involve various procedures to assess how the model relates to the observed data, to a priori knowledge, and to the algorithms’ intended use. Simulation results indicate that both the algorithms can suitably identify the model parameters, including the time delay. This paper also discusses advantages and disadvantages of the methods and gives some guidelines …

Causation In Toxic Tort Litigation: Which Way Do We Go, Judge, Laurie Alberts

Villanova Environmental Law Journal (1991 - )

No abstract provided.

Current Plans To Ameliorate The Depletion Of Snake River Salmon: Old Controversy Or New Solution, Karen Richardson, Jennifer Bello

Villanova Environmental Law Journal (1991 - )

No abstract provided.

Clean Air In Indian Country: Regulation And Environmental Justice, Sandra D. Benischek

Villanova Environmental Law Journal (1991 - )

No abstract provided.

Lowering The Bar: The Sixth Circuit Embraces The Ninth Circuit's Narrow Interpretation Of Section 1319(G)(6) Of The Clean Water Act In Rudolph Jones, Jr., Susan Jones, Tandy Jones Gilliland V. City Of Lakeland, Tennessee, Patrick Kurtas

Villanova Environmental Law Journal (1991 - )

No abstract provided.

General Guide- 2001, Admissions Staff

Student Handbooks

Student guide

Viewbook- 2001, Admissions Staff

Student Handbooks

Student guide

Semiclassical Application Of The Mo/Ller Operators In Reactive Scattering, Sophya V. Garashchuk, J. C. Light

Faculty Publications

Mo/ller operators in the formulation of reaction probabilities in terms of wave packet correlation functions allow us to define the wave packets in the interaction region rather than in the asymptotic region of the potential surface. We combine Mo/ller operators with the semiclassical propagator of Herman and Kluk. This does not involve further approximations and can be used with any initial value representation (IVR) semiclassical propagator. Time propagation in asymptotic regions of the potential due to Mo/ller operators reduces the oscillations of the propagator integrand and improves convergence of the results with respect to the number of trajectories. The effectiveness …

Predation Risk And Elk-Aspen Foraging Patterns, C.A. White, M.C. Feller

Aspen Bibliography

Elk-aspen foraging patterns may be influenced by cover type, distance from roads or trails, the type of user on road or trail (park visitor, human hunter, or predator), and two general states of aspen condition (open-grown or thicket). Pellet group and browse utilization transects in the Canadian Rockies showed that elk were attracted to roads used by park visitors and avoided by wolves, and that elk possibly avoided aspen and conifer patches near backcountry trails used by wolves. In high predation risk landscapes, aspen stands were dense, lightly browsed, and rarely entered by elk. As risk decreased, elk density and …

Aspen Restoration In The Blue Mountains Of Northeast Oregon, D.M. Shirley, V. Erickson

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Predicting Nest Success From Habitat Features In Aspen Forests Of The Central Rocky Mountains, H.M. Struempf, D.M. Finch, G. Hayward, S. Anderson

Aspen Bibliography

We collected nesting data on bird use of aspen stands in the Routt and Medicine Bow National Forests between 1987 and 1989. We found active nest sites of 28 species of small nongame birds on nine study plots in undisturbed aspen forests. We compared logistic regression models predicting nest success (at least one nestling) from nest-site or stand-level habitat predictors. Most common species used nest sites in aspen trees in forest interior locations (distance to edge >100 m), with dense trees (opening >100 m away) despite no apparent positive correlation with use of these habitat features and nest success rates. …

The Effect Of Aspen Wood Characteristics And Properties On Utilization, Kurt H. Mackes, Dennis L. Lynch

Aspen Bibliography

This paper reviews characteristics and properties of aspen wood, including anatomical structure and characteristics, moisture and shrinkage properties, weight and specific gravity, mechanical properties, and processing characteristics. Uses of aspen are evaluated: sawn and veneer products, composite panels, pulp, excelsior, post and poles, animal bedding, animal food supplements, fuel applications, and novelties. Aspen is a preferred species for paneling, veneer products including matchsticks and chopsticks, waferboard and oriented strandboard (OSB), fiberboard, pulp, excelsior, research animal bedding, animal food supplements, and tourist or gift items.

Growth And Phenology Of Hybrid Aspen Clones (Populus Tremula L. X Populus Tremuloides Michx.), Qibin Yu, P.M.A. Tigerstedt, Matti Haapenen

Aspen Bibliography

Height, basal diameter, diameter at breast height, bud burst, and leaf development were recorded in a 5-year-old hybrid aspen clonal trial. The field trial consisted of four aspen hybrid clones (Populus tremula x Populus tremuloides) and one local P. tremula seedling source. Phenological traits were observed in the 3rd year. Growth patterns were recorded during the 3rd and 4th years. Phenological traits were explored in relation to hybrid vigor expressed as growth traits. Differences were observed for phenological and growth traits among hybrid clones and P. tremula. The growth period varied from 143–158 days for the four hybrid clones, and …

Aspen's Ecological Role In The West, William H. Romme, Lisa Floyd-Hanna, David D. Hanna, Elisabeth Bartlett

Aspen Bibliography

Aspen exhibits a variety of ecological roles. In southern Colorado, the 1880 landscape mosaic contained a range of stand ages, of which half were >70 years old and half were younger. Pure aspen stands in southern Colorado are widespread and may result from previous short fire intervals that eliminated local conifer seed sources. Aspen regeneration in northern Yellowstone Park is controlled by ungulate browsing pressure and fire, so it has been limited since 1920. However, an episode of aspen seedling establishment occurred after the 1988 fires. We urgently need additional detailed, local case studies of aspen ecology to inform management …

Do Pine Trees In Aspen Stands Increase Bird Diversity, Mark A. Rumble, Todd R. Mills, Brian L. Dystra, Lester D. Flake

Aspen Bibliography

In the Black Hills of South Dakota, quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) is being replaced by conifers through fire suppression and successional processes. Al- though the Black Hills National forest is removing conifers (primarily ponderosa pine [Pinus ponderosa])toincreasetheaspencommunitiesinsomemixedstands,ForestPlan guidelines allow four conifers per hectare to remain to increase diversity in the remaining aspen stand. We compared bird species richness in pure ponderosa pine, mixed stands dominated by ponderosa pine with quaking aspen, mixed stands dominated by aspen

with ponderosa pine, and pure aspen stands. Stands dominated by ponderosa pine had lower (P

Nitrogen Mineralization In Aspen/Conifer Soils After A Natural Fire, M.C. Amacher, D.L. Bartos, T. Christopherson, A.D. Johnson, D.E. Kutterer

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Persistence Of Aspen Regeneration Near The National Elk Refuge And Gros Ventre Valley Elk Feedgrounds Of Wyoming, D.T. Barnett, T.J. Stohlgren

Aspen Bibliography

We investigated aspen (Populus tremuloides) regeneration in the Gros Ventre River Valley, the National Elk Refuge, and a small part of Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming, to see if elk (Cervus elaphus) browsing was as damaging as previously thought. We conducted a landscape-scale survey to assess aspen regeneration across gradients of wintering elk concentrations using 68 randomly selected aspen stands in the 1,090 km2 study area. Forty-four percent of the stands sampled supported regeneration of saplings (stems greater than 2 m in height but less than 10 cm in diameter). There were no significant differences of regeneration across elk winter …

Aspen Ecosystems: Objectives For Sustaining Biodiversity, R.B. Campbell, D.L. Bartos

Aspen Bibliography

Recognizing the historical abundance of major vegetation cover types is the foundation for estimating the magnitude and significance of conversion from one cover type to another and the proportion of existing cover types that are in properly functioning condition. Techniques to determine desired conditions are discussed. Existing situations for the need to treat ecosystems where aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) occur are prioritized: highest—mixed-conifer with aspen but where conifers comprise greater than 50% of the canopy; high—aspen/sagebrush transition; and moderate—aspen dominated landscapes. Though aspen stands are evaluated, aspen landscapes are discussed in the context of aggregations of many stands. Within …

Ecology And Management Of Aspen: A Lake States Perspective, D.T. Cleland, L.A. Leefers, D.I. Dickmann, L.G. Eskew

Aspen Bibliography

Aspen has been an ecologically important, though relatively minor, compo- nent of the Lake States (Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota) forests for millennia. General Land Office records from the 1800s indicate that aspen comprised a small fraction of the region’s eastern forests, but was more extensive on the western edge. Then Euro-American settlement in the 1800s brought land clearing, timber harvesting, and subsequent widespread wildfires that increased aspen-birch acreages consider- ably. Although aspen-birch acreage has declined since the 1930s, it remains the region’s second most prevalent forest type. Aspen management is probably the most contentious issue confronting forest managers in the …

Changes In Landscape Patterns And Associated Forest Succession On The Western Slope Of The Rocky Mountains, Colorado, Daniel James Manier, Richard D. Laven

Aspen Bibliography

Using repeat photography, we conducted a qualitative and quantitative analysis of changes in forest cover on the western slope of the Rocky Mountains in Colorado. For the quantitative analysis, both images in a pair were classified using remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) technologies. Comparisons were made using three landscape metrics: total relative cover, mean relative patch size, and number of patches per major vegetation type. We noted several important changes in the pattern of the landscape and the structure of the forests. The relative area covered by interspersed, nonforested rangelands has decreased significantly, and the total forest cover …

Quaking Aspen Reproduce From Seed After Wildfire In The Mountains Of Southeastern Arizona, Ronald D. Quinn, Lin Wu

Aspen Bibliography

Quaking aspen regenerated from seed after a stand replacement wildfire in the Chiricahua Mountains of southeastern Arizona. The wildfire had created gaps in the canopy so that aspen were able to establish from seed. Seedlings were found at a mean density of 0.17 m–2, 30 m or more from the nearest potential seed trees. Six clumps of aspen seedlings contained 18–186 trees, occupying areas of 145–500 square meters at densities of 0.09-0.27 m–2. White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) browsed 14.3% of the seedlings. Occasional sexual reproduction of aspen may be a general trait of the species throughout the western portion of …

Long-Term Aspen Exclosures In The Yellowstone Ecosystem, Charles E. Kay

Aspen Bibliography

Aspen has been declining in the Yellowstone Ecosystem for more than 80 years. Some authors have suggested that aspen is a marginal plant community in Yellowstone and that recent climatic variation has adversely affected aspen, while others contend that excessive browsing by native ungulates is primarily responsible for aspen’s widespread decline. To test these hypotheses, I measured all the long-term aspen exclosures (n = 14) in the Yellowstone Ecosystem. Aspen stands inside all exclosures successfully produced new stems greater than 2 m tall without fire or other disturbance, while few outside stands successfully regenerated due to repeated browsing. Understory species …

Aspen Overstory Recruitment In Northern Yellowstone National Park During The Last 200 Years, Eric J. Larsen, William J. Ripple

Aspen Bibliography

Using a monograph provided by Warren (1926) and two sets of aspen increment cores collected in 1997 and 1998, we analyzed aspen overstory recruitment in Yellowstone National Park (YNP) over the past 200 years. We found that successful aspen overstory recruitment occurred on the northern range of YNP from the middle to late 1700s until the 1920s, after which it essentially ceased. We hypothesized why the browsing influence of Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus) may be different now than it was historically. At a landscape scale, elk hunting outside YNP may be a significant factor changing elk foraging behavior. At …

Evaluation Of Burned Aspen Communities In Jackson Hole, Wyoming, Charles E. Kay

Aspen Bibliography

Aspen has been declining in Jackson Hole for many years, a condition generally attributed to the fact that lightning fires have been aggressively suppressed since the early 1900s. It is also believed that burning will successfully regenerate aspen stands despite high elk numbers. To test this hypothesis, I evaluated 467 burned and 495 adjacent, unburned aspen stands at eight different locations within Jackson Hole. Aspen suckering was stimulated by burning, but most aspen stands still failed to produce new stems greater than 2 m tall where ungulate use was moderate or high. Only when elk use was low were burned …