Digital Commons Network^™

Atmospheric Corrosion Of Steels In China, Cai-Feng Liang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Data of eight year atmospheric exposures of 17 steels at 7 sites in China were analyzed. The result showed that the most detrimental pollution is sulfur dioxide and chloride ion for corrosion of carbon steels and low alloy weathering steels. This is in accordance with the common knowledge.The effect of sulfur dioxide is serious in the first few years and becomes weak obviously in the later years. The environment factor of humid hot is much more important in long run than the ordinarily acknowledged humidity, pollution for non weathering steels,although it is not obvious in the beginning. If pollution were …

Properties Of Metallized Polyo-Toluididemembrane Modified Electrode, Li-Zong Dai, Yi-Ting Xu, Hui-Huang Wu

Journal of Electrochemistry

The platinum particles were electrodeposited on poly(o-toluidide), POT, modified electrode, and the surface configuration and crystal orientation of Pt particles were investigated by SEM and XRD. At the same time the oxidation of isopropanol on platinized POT modified electrode was studied. The results indicate that Pt particles deposite towards preferred-orientation; moreover the increase in polymer electroactivity due to proton doping affects the dimension and graininess of deposited Pt particles. At the metallized polymer electrode the oxidation of isopropanol can occur in POT electroactive potential region, however at the more positive than 0.70 V (SCE) potential where POT loses redox activity …

Galvanic Corrosion Of Tin-W Electro-Couple During Tungsten Chemical Mechanical Polishing, Xuan Cheng, Chang-Jian Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) is a process whereby mechanicaland chemical forces are combined to remove material from a wafer and polish it to a flatsurface. Tungsten CMP is an important prcess to gain the global planarity of siliconwafers with tungsten (W) plugs. Tungsten is actually deposited on a thin adhesive layerof titanium nitride (TiN) on silicon. When close to the final stage of polishing, TiN and W will be simultaneously exposed to the polishing chemistry, forming a galvaniccouple. The corrsion of TiN and W couple will result in different polish rate.

Electrochemical Behavior Of Tinicu Shape Memry Alloy In Simulated Body Fluid, Cheng-Hao Liang, Hong-Yan Sui

Journal of Electrochemistry

The study of TiNiCu shape memory alloys (SMA) in Hank's simulated body fluidwas carried out. The results showed that narrow passive range was found in acid environment andactive anodic dissolution was discovered at 100~150 mV vs SCE on anodic polarization cure ofTiNiCu SMA. Temperature had little effect on anodic polarization. With the decrease of pH andthe increase of Cl^- concentration ,pitting corrosion potential (E_b) shifted negatively. The electrochemical capability of TiNiCu SMA was inferior to that of TiNi SMA. Observations by means ofXRD and SEM indicate that TiNiCu SMA is not in single crystal structure, which caused …

Study Of The Oxidation Dynamics Of Tizro2 Metal-Ceramics, Wen-Chao Li, Li-Dong Teng

Journal of Electrochemistry

The oxidation dynamics of hot-pressed Ti-ZrO₂ metal-ceramics with the compositionof 50 vol.% Ti and 50 vol.% ZrO₂ has been studied.Thermodynamic analysis shows that Ticould react with O₂ but not with N₂ in the oxidizing process of TiZrO₂ composites at 0.1 MPa air. The oxidation dynamic behavior of Ti-ZrO₂ composites is analogous to that of pure Ti. Theactivation energy for the oxygen diffusion in Ti-ZrO₂ composites is higher than that in Ti solutions, for the presence of ZrO₂ restrains the oxygen diffusion in Ti-ZrO₂ composites. At early stagethe oxidation of Ti-ZrO_{2 …}

Preparation And Properties Of Separator For Lithium-Ion Battery, Xu-Mei Ren, Feng Wu, Chuan Wu, Han-Jun Li, Xue-Jie Huang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Lithium-ion batteries are well adapted to the new multimedia applications. PP/PE based microporous film is commonly used as separator in commercial lithium ion batteries. Herewe report a microporous film which is superior to the commercial available separator. The microporous PVDF polymer separators were prepared by the phase inversion process. The pore size of the separator is Φ 7 μm , and it's porosity is 75 %. The membrane in LiPF₆-EC/DEC showedhigh ionic conductivity (above 10^-3 S/cm at room temperature), and good mechanical properties(10³ kg/cm²). The half-cells consisted of Li/PVDF separator/MCMB showed excellent cyclingcharacteristics and …

The Effect Of Calcium On The Properties Of Molybdenum Nitride Electrode, Yun-Gui Zhu, Xue-Liang Li, Dao-Rong Lu, Jian-Bo He, Ji-Huai Xia

Journal of Electrochemistry

The effect of calcium on the properties of molybdenum nitride film electrode wasstudied by using XRD, SEM and cyclic voltammetry. The results show that the specific electriccapacity and the voltage operating range of electrode vary with the concentration of additive in thedipping solution. At the optimum concentration of additive in the dipping solution, the specificelectric capacity of the electrode is 2.1 times as large as that of the electrode prepared in the dipping solution without additive, and the voltage operating range of electrode is increased by 0.11 V. The active mechanism of calcium on the properties of film electrode suggested …

Corrosion Behavior Of Titanium In Fgd System, J-C Lin, T-L Chang, C-T Dung, S-L Lee, S-D Chyou, S-D Guo

Journal of Electrochemistry

In-situ corrosion test of titanium in flue gas desulfurization(FGD) system has been studied. Specimens of commercial Ti alloy have been put in four different locations (i. e , cooler, pre-scruber, absorber and heater) of the FGD system for 271 days. The corrosion rate is very low (i.e.<1 mpy) in all locations. Almost no corrosion can be found in the prescruber(0 mpy), but a sensible corrosion rate is estimated in the heater (0.58 mpy). Examination through SEM, all the specimens are subject to pitting corrosion except those in the prescruber. ESCA analysis indicates that the surface film for the specimen in prescruber is calcium carbonate, but titanium nitrate for the specimen in heater. Cyclic anodic potentiodynamic polarization (CAPP) of titanium in aerated and deaerated green solution provides an interpretation on the corrosion behavior of the titanium in the FGD system.

Electrochemical Studies On The Intermetallic Interaction In Binuclear Ruthenium(Ⅱ) Complexes, Hong Li, Hui Chao, Liang-Nian Ji, Xiong Jiang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrochemical characteristics and intermetallic interaction of symmetrical binurclear ruthenium (ll) complexes [Ru2 : (bpy)₂Ru(DIPB)Ru(bpy)₂(ClO₄)₄ and Ru2-2H : (bpy)₂Ru(DIPB - 2H)Ru(bpy)₂(ClO₄)₂]containing dinuclear ligand 2,2-bipyridine (bpy) andbridging ligand 1,4-di[2-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10] phenanthroine ]benzene(DIPB) or 1,4-di[2-dehydrogen-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroine]benzene(DIPB-2H) on a platinum electrode havebeen investigated using cyclic voltammetry, cyclic ac voltammetry and differential capacitancetechniques,etc. In acetonitrile solutions with a concentration of 0.1 mol/L TBAP, the centraruthenium ions in Ru2 and Ru2-2H complexes have shown a single 2e reversible oxidationreduction wave on the cyclic voltammograms with basically the same formal potentials of Ru2-2H …

Comparison In Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering On Salicylideneamine Between Silver And Gold Colloid And Silver Mirror Substrate, Bing Zhao, Yukihiro Ozaki

Journal of Electrochemistry

This work studied the potential difference and galvanic currents on particulate contamination of the abrasive on the patterned surface and on corrosion behaviors of TiN and W. The polarization curves of TiN and W were, respectively, obtained in 0.01mol/L KNO₃ solutions in the absence and presence of three typical oxidants (H₂O_2, KIO₃, Fe(NO₃)₃) by DC polarization technique. The corrsion potentials and galvaniccurrents were measured when TiN and W were placed in a specially designed electr-chemical cell to form electro-couple. The preliminary results revealed that the corrosionrate of TiN-W electro-couple significantly …

Performance Of A Direct Methanol Fuel Cell, Zhao-Bin Wei, Jian-Guo Liu, Ya-Guang Jiao, Wei-Jiang Zhou, Wen-Zhen Li, Li-Kang Chen, Qin Xin, Bao-Lian Yi

Journal of Electrochemistry

A direct methanol fuel cell with 9cm² active area consists of Pt-Ru/C anode ,Pt/Ccathode and Nafion 115 membrane. The effect of operating conditions: methanol solution concentration, oxygen pressure and cell temperature on the cell performances was investigated. The results show that performance of single cell was enhanced by increasing oxygen pressure and celltemperature ,and a maximum power density 75 mW/cm² was obtained in the range of 250-300mA/cm² current density, 0.2 MPa oxygen pressure, 1.0 mol/L methanol concentration and 75 ℃ cell temperature. When cell operating at room temperature, a relatively low, but a stable performance of cell …

The Effect Of Preparation Condition On The Photoelectrochemical Performance Of Both The Pani Film And Tio2-Pani Composite Film On Au, Huai-Guo Huang, Hong-Ping Zhang, Zhi-Xin Zheng, Yan-Yan Xi, Ling-Ling Wu, Zhong-Hua Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

Both the PANI (polyaniline) film and TiO₂-PANI composite film on the PATP(paminothiophenol)/Au substrate were obtained under different preparation condition by electrochemical methods, and their photoelectrochemical performances were alo studied. The resultsshowed that the photoelectrochemical performances of the films depend deeply on the comditionsof preparation. The self-assembling of PATP favors the adhesion of PANl. The partially-oxidizedPANI has a greater photoelectrochemical response than that of the reduced PANI and oxidized PANl. There is an optimum of film thickness for the photoelectrochemical performance of PANI film. Heat treating is in favor of the photoelectrochemical performance of TiO₂, but decreases …

Phonon-Pumped Terahertz Gain In N-Type Gaas/Algaas Superlattices, Greg Sun, Richard A. Soref

Physics Faculty Publications

Local population inversion and far-IR gain are proposed and theoretically analyzed for an unbiased n-doped GaAs/Al_0.15Ga_0.85As superlattice pumped solely by phonons. The lasing transition occurs at the Brillouin zone boundary of the superlattice wave vector k_zbetween the two conduction minibands CB1 and CB2 of the opposite curvature in k_zspace. The proposed waveguided structure is contacted above and below by heat sinks at 300 K and 77 K, respectively. Atop the superlattice, a heat buffer layer confines longitudinal optical phonons for enhanced optical-phonon pumping of CB1 electrons. A gain of 345 cm …

The Dependence Of Relative Enhancement Of Sers Bands On Temperature, Ling Huang, Jian Shen, Tsing Yu, Qing-Jin Meng

Journal of Electrochemistry

The adsorption and binding behavior of 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadizole(DMTD) on silver surface was studied by near-infrared Fourier Transfer surface enhanced Raman scattering(NIR FT-SERS) technique. It was found that the relative intensities of the SERS bands change regularly with the increasing of temperature, which suggests the transformation of the tautomers or the re-orientation of DMTD molecules in the surface layer.

Study On Corrosion Resistance Of Electroless Nickel Composite Coatings, Tsong-Jen Yang, Meng-Feng Jou

Journal of Electrochemistry

The eletroless nickel composite coating was prepared by uniform dispersion of diamond (or PTFE) particles throughout electroless nickel deposition. Corrosion resistance of composite coating in 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution was investigated by electrochemical analysis, dipping test and salt spray test. The results showed that the corrosion resistance of composite coating was inferior to that of electroless nickel coating if small amount of particles was added to the composite coating. Microsturctural analysis by SEM, AES, XRD, and EPMA indicated that the distribution of phosphorus is not homogeneous in the composite coating. The phosphorus_rich region acts as microcathode, however, the phosphorus-lean region …

Preparation Of Ti-Based Nanocrystalline Tio2 Film Electrode With High Activity, Dao-Bao Chu, Guang-Xia Shen, Xing-Fu Zhou, Chang-Jian Lin, Hua-Shui Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

The potentiostatic electrosynthesis of Ti(EtO)₄ was studied by anodic dissolution of metal titanium(TA1) in solution of 0.005 mol·L^-1 (EtO)₄NBr in the ethanol (AR) in the presence negligible CH₃COCH₂COCH₃. The Ti-based nanocrystalline TiO₂ Film electrode (Ti/nano-TiO₂) was prepared by sol-gel method. By TEM, SEM and XRD, it has been shown that the anatase particle of TiO₂ was 10～35 nm in diameter and the film was 0.5 μm in thickness. The nanocrystalline film was composed of a three-diminsional network of interconnected particles. Reodx behavior and electrocatalytic activities of …

New Progress In Studies Of Lithium Nickel Oxide As Positive Electrode Materials Of Lithium Ion Batteris, Han-San Liu, Yong Yang, Zhong-Ru Zhang, Zu-Geng Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

Lithium nickel oxide as the positive electrode of lithium ion batteries has aroused more and more interests.This paper reviews the recent reserches on synthesis and element-substitution of LiNiO₂ cathode material,and summarizes the intrinsical relationship between properties and sturcture of the material.The developments of new synthesis methods and mutilsubstitution of the material are expecting to be studied in the future research.

Electrochemistry Characteristic Of Carbon Steel Under Biofilm And Sulfide Film, Ze-Hua Dong, Xing-Peng Guo, Jia-Shen Zheng, Li-Ming Xu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Wire Beam Electrode (WBE) made of Q235 carbon steel was applied to study theheterogeneous corrosion beneath biofilm formed by Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) in cultureand sulfide film in solution with 1% NaCl and 300 mg/L⋅S^2-. The potential, galvanic density mapping, as well as polarization curve and Electrochemical Impedance Spectrum (EIS) were measured to predict the localized corrosion under biofilm and sulfide film. As a result, the mappingshowed the potential fluctuation on the WBE suface decreased over time due to the conductivityof the biofilm and sulfide film. Therefore, the potential mapping could not be a criterion of localized corrosion …

Some Aspects Of Banks And Financial Markets In Emerging Economics., Gurbachan Singh Dr.

Doctoral Theses

Liquidity and Bank RunsThe policy of deposit insurance in the banking sector has succeeded in pre- venting bank runs but it has encouraged moral haxard (Kane, 1985 and 1989). This has increased the cost of capital. So the government and/or the central bank need to regulate (Flannery, 1982). In chapter 2, we ask the question - Is there an alternative to deposit insurance? What is the role of equity capital in this context? Is full insurance optimal?The seminal paper on bank runs by Diamond and Dybvig (1983) argues that a lack of deposit insurance leads to muitiple Nash equilibria, including …

Taylor University 2001 Commencement, Taylor University

Commencement

The program of the 2001 Annual Commencement of Taylor University, May 26, 2001.

2001 Rose-Hulman Institute Of Technology : One-Hundred And Twenty-Third Commencement, Rose-Hulman

Commencement Programs

No abstract provided.

Monitoring Changes In Feral Swine Abundance And Spatial Distribution, Richard M. Engeman, Bernice Constantine, Mark Nelson, John Woolard, Jean Bourassa

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Swine (Sus scrofa) have been introduced in many places throughout the world, and in many places they adversely affect the environment, economically impact agriculture, and/or harbor diseases transmittable to domestic livestock or humans. An easily applied method to assess their abundance is an important need for their management. To monitor efficacy of a swine control program in Florida, data from passive tracking plots provide an index of feral swine abundance. The same track data coupled with plot locations to numerically describe the spatial pattern of swine activity gave an index of pervasiveness, and a simple rate of interception …

2001 Commencement Program, Whittier College

Commencement Programs

Whittier College's Ninety-Eighth Annual Commencement, May 25, 2001

Commencement Address: The Honorable Esteban Torres

The Courier, Volume 34, Issue 25, May 25, 2001, The Courier, College Of Dupage

The Courier

Stories:

Pace Proposes Service Cuts

College May Pick Up Tab For Guns

Added Projects Increase 2002 Budget

Krieglstein, Gambino Chosen As Outstanding Graduates

Spring Jam 2001

Softball National Champs–Lady Chapparals Win Second Consecutive National Tournament In Maryland

People:

Bob Geyer

Barbara Gambino

Thomas Krieglstein

Miriam Sarmiento

05/25/2001 - New Program In Accounting.Pdf, University Marketing And Communications

2001

No abstract provided.

Mustang Daily, May 25, 2001

Cal Poly Student Newspaper

Student newspaper of California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA.

Perceived Motion, John Mccartney

Theses

Not Included

University Of Dayton To Honor Astronaut-Senator John Glenn With 2001 Leadership With Virtue Award, University Of Dayton

News Releases

News release announces that popular American icon John Glenn will receive the 2001 Leadership with Virtue Award for the University of Dayton's National Alumni Association.

"New Work", Joe Bialkowsky

Theses

None provided.

The Bg News May 23, 2001, Bowling Green State University

BG News (Student Newspaper)

The BGSU campus student newspaper. May 23, 2001. Volume 87-Issue 1.