Digital Commons Network^™

The Origin And Composition Of Aerosols In The Alaskan Airshed, Walter James Wilcox

Chemistry and Biochemistry

Since the Alaskan airshed north of the Alaska Range receives a substantial portion of its anthropogenic aerosol and gaseous pollutants through long-range transport, Alaskan air quality is influenced to an unusually high degree by the political and economic events of other countries. An understanding of the political and economic forces at work in the various circumpolar nations is key to an understanding of the observed decline in Arctic haze, the present state of Arctic air pollution, and likely future developments. It is shown in this thesis that Arctic haze has declined in Interior Alaska over the last decade and a …

Dichotomous Choice Contingent Valuation Willingness To Pay Estimates Across Geographically Nested Samples: Case Study Of Alaskan Steller Sea Lion, Branka Turcin

Economics

This thesis examines Willingness-to-Pay (WTP) for an endangered species across geographically nested samples using the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). The samples range from the boroughs that contain critical habitat for the Steller sea lion to the state that contains these boroughs to the entire United States. Depending on the assumptions of the model, WTP varies tremendously from sample to sample. When WTP is unrestricted to the non-negative region, mean WTP for the United States is the highest and it is the lowest for the boroughs. The null hypotheses that mean WTP estimates are greater than zero were rejected for the …

Visual Spatial Memory Is Enhanced In Female Rats (But Inhibited In Males) By Dietary Soy Phytoestrogens, Edwin D. Lephart, Trent D. Lund, Timothy W. West, Lilyan Y. Tian, Lihong H. Bu, Daniel L. Simmons, Kenneth Setchell, Herman Adlercreutz

Faculty Publications

In learning and memory tasks, requiring visual spatial memory (VSM), males exhibit superior performance to females (a difference attributed to the hormonal influence of estrogen). This study examined the influence of phytoestrogens (estrogen-like plant compounds) on VSM, utilizing radial arm-maze methods to examine varying aspects of memory. Additionally, brain phytoestrogen, calbindin (CALB), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) levels were determined. Results: Female rats receiving lifelong exposure to a high-phytoestrogen containing diet (Phyto-600) acquired the maze faster than females fed a phytoestrogen-free diet (Phyto-free); in males the opposite diet effect was identified. In a separate experiment, at 80 days-of-age, animals fed the Phyto-600 …

The Alaska Public Land Planning Directory, Susan Todd

Miscellaneous Publications

No abstract provided.

An Economic Appraisal Of Hole Cleaning Using Hydraulic Horsepower And Jet Impact Force, James Alfred Wright

Engineering

In today's competitive business environment, reducing operating cost means dollars to the bottom line. One way that a drilling company can reduce operating cost is by optimizing energy use at the mud pumps. The mud pumps are massive pieces of equipment that are the backbone of the cutting's removal system. Optimizing the hydraulics program is one way to reduce mud pump operating cost. Big hydraulics play an important role in the drilling process. The beneficial action of the fluid's cleaning the bottom hole and the bit teeth, and carrying particles into the annulus is well-established. A variety of hydraulic optimization …

Abundance And Ecology Of Martens (Martes Americana) In Interior Alaska, Brad Shults

Biological Sciences

I studied marten (Martes americana) abundance and ecology in the Yukon-Charley Rivers National Preserve during 1991-1993. Using a multiple sample, mark-recapture estimator, I estimated marten densities to be 0.69, 0.41, and 0.45 martens/km² during each August for 1991-1993, respectively. Density estimates were derived with the boundary-strip method to address the edge effect inherent in live-trapping studies. During the study, marten density declined 43% between 1991 and 1992 and remained low during 1993. I hypothesize that a decline in primary prey (i.e., microtine rodents) and increased environmental stress (i.e., cold temperatures and snow cover) contributed significantly to the decline in marten …

Calving Ground Habitat Selection: Teshekpuk Lake And Western Arctic Caribou Herds, Rebecca A. Kelleyhouse

Biological Sciences

Barren-ground caribou (Rangifer tarandus granti) exhibit relative fidelity to calving grounds each spring. The Western Arctic Herd (WAH) and Teshekpuk Lake Herd (TLH) calve separately on Alaska's north slope, each selective of the dominant vegetation type. The WAH consumed mostly sedges, though the TLH diet varied. Despite differing snow conditions between the calving grounds, both herds were selective of the lowest snow cover class. Rugged terrain was avoided by both herds. While the TLH selected a high rate of increase in biomass, the WAH selected high biomass at calving and at peak lactation. Climate trends (1985-2001) were variable. There was …

The 1951 Bristol Bay Salmon Strike: Isolation, Independence And Illusion In The Last Frontier, Nicole Susan Mccullough

Arctic and Northern Studies

Many people consider Alaska the last frontier, isolated and independent from the rest of the United States. An analysis of the salmon industry in Bristol Bay and a strike that occurred in 1951 cast doubt upon this belief. The labor dispute and preceding events paint a vivid picture of a population clearly dependent on a fishing industry controlled by absentee owners who manipulated events from Seattle and San Francisco. The strikers included Natives and Non-Natives who joined together to fight the powerful cannery owners and west coast unions who sought to expand their membership. Some of these unions had suspected …

December 17, 2001 Reporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

eReporter (campus newsletter)

No abstract provided.

The Ecology Of Age-1 Copper Rockfish (Sebastes Caurinus) In Vegetated Habitats Of Sitka Sound, Alaska, Michael M. Byerly

Fisheries

Variables that may indicate habitat quality were measured to assess the relative value of shallow subtidal vegetated habitats to age-1 copper rockfish (Sebastes caurinus). All habitats studied appeared beneficial to fish with respect to the particular variable measured. Relative growth rate was significantly higher in kelp than in other habitats while energy content was highest in eelgrass. Though fish in eelgrass had lower growth rates, they were significantly larger, and had high densities. Mixed kelp and eelgrass habitat was suboptimal with respect to growth and energy content but also had high densities. Fish in mixed habitat moved the least both …

Spatial Distribution And Temporal Variability Of Lithogenic Particles In First-Year Sea Ice And Conditions Responsible For Particle Entrainment, Aaron Patrick Stierle

Geosciences

Processes controlling the spatial and temporal variability of sea ice sediment inclusions in the shallow-marine environment of Elson Lagoon near Barrow, Alaska, were studied by modeling the potential for sediment resuspension during the 1998, 1999 and 2000 fall freeze-up events and examining sea ice cores from the post-freeze-up ice cover. Resuspension potential was controlled spatially by the local bathymetry and interannually by wind speed and fetch. Increases in resuspension potential corresponded to greater sea ice sediment content. Sediments occurred exclusively as aggregates confined to brine inclusions in the ice and exhibited a tendency toward a clustered spatial distribution, because of …

Deafdigest Gold: Vol. 6, No. 19 December 16, 2001, Barry Strassler

DeafDigest Gold 2001

No abstract provided.

December 15, 2001 (Pages 6771-6904), Pennsylvania Legislative Reference Bureau

Volume 31 (2001)

No abstract provided.

The Murray Ledger And Times, December 15, 2001, The Murray Ledger And Times

The Murray Ledger & Times

No abstract provided.

West Florida Shelf Response To Local Wind Forcing: April 1998, Robert H. Weisberg, Zhenjiang Li, Frank E. Muller-Karger

Marine Science Faculty Publications

We compare west Florida shelf velocity and sea level data with a model simulation for April 1998. Responses for three upwelling and three downwelling favorable wind events are documented. Along-shelf jets accompanied by oppositely directed upper and lower layer across-shelf flows (with connecting vertical velocity) comprise the fully three-dimensional inner shelf responses, which are sensitive to stratification. With an initial density field representative of April 1998 the model simulates velocity and sea level variations in general agreement with the observations, whereas substantial mismatches occur without stratification. Despite the winds being the primary motive agent for the inner shelf the stratification …

An Improved Non-Regression Coefficients Method In Finding Sea Surface Temperature With A Vhrr Data, Gin-Rong Liu, Pao-Cheng Kao, Tsung-Hua Kuo, Tang-Huang Lin, Chung-Chih Liu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Yu and Barton proposed a non-regression-coefficient method in improving the accuracy of routine sea surface temperature retrievals through satellite data, which are then applied to sea surface temperature estimation models such as MCSST or CPSST algorithms. Their method involves a parameter called R54(=∆T5/∆T4), which is derived from the ratio of neighborhood temperature variances from two window channels in the thermal IR region. Due to the fact that statistical calculations were used in the derivation for the value of R54, the method is not applicable in various real cases. The aim of this study is to retain the advantage of their …

Effect Of Seeing Tobacco Use In Films On Trying Smoking Among Adolescents: Cross Sectional Study, James D. Sargent, Michael L. Beach, Madeline A. Dalton, Leila A. Mott, Jennifer J. Tickle, M. Bridget Ahrens, Todd F. Heatherton

Dartmouth Scholarship

Objective: To test the hypothesis that greater exposure to smoking in films is associated with trying smoking among adolescents.

A Fuzzy Autopilot Design Approach That Utilizes Non-Linear Consequent Terms, Robert Sutton, Paul J. Craven

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This paper describes the development of a fuzzy autopilot for controlling the non-linear yaw dynamics of an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) model. The autopilot design is based on a new approach that uses a Gaussian fuzzy inference mechanism. For the design study, the AUV model is hosted in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. Simulation results are presented which illustrate the potential of this novel methodology.

On A Computational Algorithm To The Hje In Nnlinear H∞ Control, Shr-Shiung Hu, Pao-Hwa Yang, Jeng-Yih Juang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

The Hamilton-Jacobi equation (HJE) plays an essential role in both classical mechanics and nonlinear H∞ control theory. In this paper, we propose a detailed successive algorithm for finding an approximate solution of the HJE by solving linear equations. A scalar example is given to compare the computational procedures and the accuracy for the proposed approach with some other methods. In addition, the nonlinear H∞ controller design for the inverted pendulum is also included to show the superiority of the nonlinear H∞ controller, as compared with the linear H∞ controller, in the aspect of the robust performance/stability.

Coulomb Friction Applied To Analyze The Cutting Vibration Of Tool On Workpiece, Chein-Shan Liu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

In this paper we study a single-degree-of-freedom model with the parallel presence of a linear spring and a Coulomb's contact friction device, the mass slider of which is mounted on the belt which running forward at a constant speed. We prove that no matter what the parameters are, the mass upon starting to slide never comes to stick on the belt. The oscillating amplitude of the slider is proportional to the belt running speed υ, and is inverse proportional to the natural frequency ω. In order to depress the vibration amplitude we may either decrease the belt running speed, increase …

Applying Time-Frequency Distribution Function To Doa Of Mobile Active Sensor, Shun-Hsyung Chang, Jun-Cheng Liu, Chih-Wei Chiu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Increasing the accuracy of time-frequency detection in engineering is always the goal that scientists are striving to achieve, because it is widely applied in the fields of Radar, Sonar, the exploration of earthquake epicenter etc. The current high-resolution time-frequency methods are mostly based on the structure of time-frequency distribution function of Cohen Family. Time frequency distribution function can trace the instantaneous frequency of nonstationary signal. This paper combines the process principle of multi-aperture Radar and Array signal and applies time-frequency distribution function in DOA of active sensor devices. By decoding of physical characteristics from the changes of frequency, which can …

Fayetteville State University 12th Winter Commencement 2001, Fayetteville State University

Graduation Exhibit

Program for Fayetteville State University 12th Winter Commencement December 15 2001

Keynote Speaker: Mr. Julius L. Chambers

Recipient of Honorary Degree of Doctor of Laws

Mwp Newsletter, 2001 (December 14), University Of Mississippi. Department Of English

MWP News and Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Pittsburg State University Annual Commencement, Dec 2001, Pittsburg State University

Commencement, 1903-Present

Program of undergraduate and graduate commencement exercises at Pittsburg State University on December of 2001

Reporter - December 14th 2001, Rit Reporter Staff

University Publications

No abstract provided.

Introduction To Effective Lagrangians For Qcd, Joseph Schechter

Physics - All Scholarship

A brief introduction to the effective Lagrangian treatment of QCD (in the sense of using fields representing physical particles rather than quarks and gluons) will be given. The historical evolution of the subject will be discussed. Some background material related to a recent model for Gamma Ray Bursters will be given. Finally, some recent work on low energy strong interactions will be mentioned.

2001-12-14, Board Of Regents, Murray State University

Board of Regents Meeting Minutes

No abstract provided.

Nipple Aspirate Cytology And Pathologic Parameters Predict Residual Cancer And Nodal Involvement After Excisional Breast Biopsy., E R Sauter, H Ehya, A Mammen, G Klein

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

We previously demonstrated that abnormal nipple aspirate fluid (NAF) cytology predicted residual breast cancer (RC) and tumour size after excisional biopsy (EB), although normal NAF cytology did not exclude RC. Tumour size correlates with the risk of lymph node (LN) metastases. LN metastases provide prognostic information allowing medical and radiation oncologists to determine the need for adjuvant therapy. We hypothesized that pathologic factors known after EB, combined with NAF cytology, would predict with a high degree of accuracy the presence of RC and LN spread. NAF cytology and pathologic parameters: tumour distance from biopsy margins, multifocal and multicentric disease, sub-type …

The New Hampshire, Vol. 91 [92], No. 25 (Dec. 14, 2001), The New Hampshire

The New Hampshire Print Edition

An independent student produced newspaper from the University of New Hampshire. This volume was printed as 91, but it is the 92nd volume in the series. This was corrected in pencil.

The Bg News December 14, 2001, Bowling Green State University

BG News (Student Newspaper)

The BGSU campus student newspaper. December 14, 2001. Volume 88-Issue 72.