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Executive Orders And Presidential Commands: Presidents Riding To The Rescue Of The Environment, William H. Rodgers, Jr.

Articles

Presidential executive orders are legal and political documents. They are also uniquely personal utterances of the president and the administration. The right words at the appropriate time can motivate and move the human spirit, and they can link this president and this moment to the strongest of ideas. Being personal and tending to the heroic, the executive order can thus be perceived as accomplishing a great public good.

This article will explore the pros and cons of the executive order tool. I will then evaluate a number of executive orders that have impacted contemporary environmental policy. I will conclude by …

Curing Conflicts Of Interest In Clinical Research: Impossible Dreams And Harsh Realities, Patricia C. Kuszler

Articles

This article will explore conflicts of interest in the context of clinical research, focusing on the incentives and practices that foster such conflicts. Part I will briefly define and categorize the revenue streams at play in clinical research—both contemporaneous with the clinical trial, and the downstream, long-term gains available to the researcher and research university. Part II will discuss how these entangled revenue streams result in financial and non-financial conflicts of interest that affect the nature and balance of the research enterprise and potentially endanger patients and human subjects. Part III will summarize current conflicts of interest regulations and policies, …

Lillich On Interstellar Law: U.S. Naval Regulations, Star Trek, And The Use Of Force In Space, Thomas C. Wingfield

South Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

Amah And Eved And The Origin Of Legal Rights, Andrew Simmonds

South Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

Comparing Classical And Quantum Dynamics Of Strong-Field Double Ionization, R. Panfili, J. H. Eberly, Stanley L. Haan

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

We compare quantum mechanical and fully classical treatments of electron dynamics accompanying strong field double ionization. The major features seen in quantum mechanical simulations, including the double-ionization jets, are reproduced when using a classical ensemble of two-particle trajectories.

Effects Of Various Calcium Levels And Anionic Salts On Blood Acid-Base Balance, Growth Performance And Development Of Tibial Dyscondroplasia In Broilers, Şeri̇fe Karamüftüoğlu, Neşe Kocabağli

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this trial was to investigate the effects of chlorine and phosphate salts in the diet, and 2 different levels of diet Ca,on the acid-based balance,growth performance and development of tibial dyscondroplasia (TD)in broiler chicks. Three hundred Ross X PM_3, 1-day-old broiler chicks were used during the 5-week trial.Chicks were divided into 6 groups. Three groups (2 experimental and 1 control)were given diets with Ca levels near the bottom limit of the normal requirement (starter 0.90%and grower 0.80%)and 3 groups (2 experimental and one control)were given diets with higher Ca levels (starter 1.25%and grower 1.15%). No anionic salt …

The Effects Of Different Phytoplankton Species On The Growth And Survival Rate Of Juvenile Mussels (Mytilus Galloprovincialis Lamarck,1819), Aynur Hi̇ndi̇oğlu, Aysun Köse, Serpi̇l Serdar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Juvenile mussels collected from the wild were fed with five different marine microalgae species (Chlorella sp., Tetraselmis suecica, Dunaliella tertiolecta,Chaetoceros calcitrans and Nannochloropsis oculata)for five months.According to the results, significantly higher growth in length and weight were obtained with diets of Tetraselmis suecica and Chaetoceros calcitrans (P

Effect Of Acute Fluoride Poisoning On Some Echocardiographic Parameters In Rabbits, Nazmi̇ Çeti̇n, Vedat Sağmanligi̇l, Bahri̇ Emre, Ali̇ Bi̇lgi̇li̇, Melahat Toker

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study,20 New Zealand rabbits were used to observe the acute toxic effect of fluoride on the heart by using echocardiographic methods.At the beginning,some echocardiographic parameters of the animals were measured without giving fluoride in order to get the control values.After this,the rabbits were equally divided into two groups as 10 and 40 mg/kg b.wt. fluoride (as sodium fluoride)were given to these groups by adding to drinking water for 15 days.The measured echocardiographic parameters from the control and experimental groups were as follows:left ventricular internal diameter in diastole and systole (LVIDD and LVIDS),left ventricular posterior wall thickness in diastole …

Clinical And Experimental Arthroscopy, Arthrography And Direct Radiography For The Diagnosis Of Canine Stifle Joint Disorders, Zeki̇ Alkan, Ali̇ Bumi̇n, M. Doğa Temi̇zsoylu, Murat Sarierler

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The use of arthroscopy and arthrography in order to describe the stifle joint lesions causing lameness in dogs was studied, and a comparison of the results of these techniques was made. For the experimental part of the study,survey radiographs were taken, arthrography and arthroscopy were performed consencutively in 20 stifle joints of 10 clinically healthy dogs of different breed, sex, age, and weight. The same procedures were performed in 3 cases which were referred to the Department of Surgery. According to the results,while it is possible to detect the bony tissue and stifle joint space in direct radiography,the suprapatellar pouch,plate …

Chemical Composition And Meat Yield Of Vimba (Vimba Vimba Tenella(Nordmann,1840))In Karacaören I Dam Lake, Abdullah Di̇ler, Z. Arzu Becer

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was carried out to determine the chemical composition and meat yield of Vimba (Vimba vimba tenella)caught from Karacaören I Dam Lake. The average water content, crude protein, crude fat and crude ash were determined to be 77.96 % ±1.66, 15.30 % ±0.79, 2,41 % ±0.57 and 1.28 % ±0.21 respectively. In the investigated samples ratio of the head weight,viscera,fins and total weight with meat yield were determined. Meat yields of male and female fish were 63.76 % -71.02 % and 67.97 % -70.06 % respectively.

Determination Of Serum And Urine Proteins By Electrophoresis And Its Importance In Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ari̇f Altintaş, Sefa Çeli̇k, Özkan Duru, Mehmet Şahal, Naci̇ Öcal

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, for the investigation of routine clinical usage of urine protein electrophoresis in the laboratory to compare with the clinical findings in veterinary medicine, qualitative and quantitative changes in protein patterns of serum and urine from dogs with kidney disorders and proteinuria were investigated using electrophoresis. Eighteen dogs (patient group)of various ages and breeds with kidney disorders proved in the clinic and the laboratory and seventeen healthy dogs (control group)were used in this study. The histories (age,sex,breed)of the dogs in the control and patient groups were recorded in the clinic.The blood was collected from the cephalic vein,and the …

Serological And Haematological Investigations On Bovine Leukaemia Virus Infections In Kars District, Sali̇h Otlu, Fuat Aydin, Oktay Genç, M. Ali̇ Güler, Gürbüz Gökçe

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was carried out in order to serologically and haematologically determine the prevalance of Bovine Leukaemia Virus infection in cattle raised in Kars and environs.For this purpose a total of 443 blood samples and 383 milk samples belonging to the various breeds (Zavot, Holstein, Brown-Swiss and Native), and sexes (383 female, 60 male)were examined serologically (Agar Gel Immunodiffusion (AGID)and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA))and haematologically (lymphocyt counts, total leucocyt counts and haematocrit value). All of the 443 blood samples and 383 milk samples examined serologically by AGID and ELISA tests were found to be negative in EBL.As a result …

Natural Infections Of Hyalommaspecies With Theileria Annulatain Malatya Region, Müni̇r Aktaş, Nazi̇r Dumanli

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was carried out to determine Hyalommaticks and the natural infections of Hyalommaspecies with Theileria annulata in cattle and their shelters in Malatya province between May 1998 and January 1999. Selected areas in Malatya province were visited to collect ticks from cows and their shelters during the study. Salivary glands of Hyalommaspecies were dissected and thin films were prepared. The nymphs collected from cattle and their shelters were kept at 26 °C and 85% relative humudity. Unfed adults of Hyalom- maspecies taken from engorged nymphs and collected from shelters were kept at 37°C and 85% relative humudity for at …

Fattening Performance Of Güney Karaman,Kangal-Akkaraman And Akkaraman Lambs At Different Slaughter Weights, Mustafa Tufan, Ali̇ Akmaz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this research, the fattening performance of Güney Karaman, Kangal-Akkaraman and Akkaraman ram lambs slaughtered at different (30,35 and 40 kg)live weights was determined. The material of the research consisted of 20 ram lambs at 2.5 to 3 months of age with the average body live weight of 23 kg for each group (total 60 ram lambs).During the experiments the lambs were fed with the concentrates ad libitum and restricted wheat hay (100 g/head/day). Daily weight gains for reaching 30, 35 and 40 kg body live weight were found to be 270.90, 275.42 and 278.12 g for Güney Karaman, 264.15, …

Investigation Of Some Biological Characters Of The Vimba (Vimba Vimba Tenella (Nordmann,1840))Population In Karacaören I Dam Lake, Z. Arzu Becer, Ramazan İki̇z

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study,808 vimba (Vimba vimba tenella(Nordmann,1840))individuals captured during October 1996-April 1998 from Karacaören I Dam Lake and some properties of reproduction were investigated. In the vimba population,age composition varied from 0-VII and 73.51% of the investigated samples belonged to I-II age group. The population was composed of 50.74% females and 49.26% males. It was determined that the reproductive activity of the vimba in the Karacaören I Dam Lake started in the middle of April and continued until the end of June. Sexual maturity ages were found to be II-III for females and II for males. Average egg numbers belonging …

Evaluation Of Clinical Findings, Some Hematological And Biochemical Findings, And Age And Sex Status In Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (Fiv) Seropositive Cats With Clinical Symptoms And Without Clinical Symptoms, Abdülkeri̇m Deni̇z

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was performed to investigate the clinical findings, some hematological and biochemical findings, and sex and age status in feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) seropositive cats. In 37 FIV-seropositive cats, different clinical symptoms were observed (group 1). However, seven of the FIV-seropositive cats showed no clinical symptoms (group 2). The control group was made up of 116 healthy cats. FIV infection was seen more in male cats (78.4%) than in female cats. 62% of the FIV-seropositive cats were over 5 years old. Group 1 of FIV-seropositive cats showed symptoms of stomatitis/gingivitis (21.6%), extreme weight loss (10.8%), chronic infection in the …

Comparative Studies On The Production Performances Of Chios And İmroz Sheep Kept Under Semi-Intensive Conditions I. Fertility Rate, Survival Rate And Growth Of Lams, Şebnem Gündal Çörekçi̇, Mehmet Evri̇m

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study, was carried out to reveal the comparative production performances and effects of some environmental factors on the production characteristics of Chios and İmroz ewes kept in a single flock and semi-intensive conditions in Çanakkale-Kumkale state farm. In this part of the study, the fertility rate, survival rate and growth of lambs are given. For the Chios ewes, pregnancy, parturition, single and multiple parturition rates, lamb rates and litter size on the basis of number of ewes assigned for mating were 97.71%, 97.46%, 23.76%, 60.83% and 15.41%, 188.55% and 1.93 respectively. These values for İmroz ewes were (except multiple …

An Investigation Of The Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn) And Selenium (Se) Levels Of Blood Serum And The Cu And Zn Levels Of Wool Of Akkaraman Ewes In The Diyarbakır Region, Doğan Kurt, Orhan Denli̇, Zeki̇ Kanay, Ci̇hat Güzel, Kader Ceylan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study is to determine the copper, zinc and selenium levels of blood serum and the Cu and Zn levels of wool of healthy Akkaraman ewes grazed in the meadows in the Diyarbakır region. A total of 60 units of blood and wool samples from various villages in different counties of Diyarbakır (Bismil, Çınar, Ergani, Silvan, Kocaköy and some Diyarbakır villages) were studied. The Cu, Zn and Se levels of sera and the Cu and Zn levels of wool were analyzed by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometer. We found significant differences in Cu and Se levels of sera, …

Seroprevalences Of Babesiea Species In Cattle In Elazığ, Malatya And Tunceli Provinces, Müni̇r Aktaş, Nazi̇r Dumanli, K. Zafer Karaer, Ayşe Çakmak, Murat Sevgi̇li̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was carried out in cattle in Elazığ, Malatya and Tunceli provinces between May 1997 and March 1998 to determine the seroprevalence of Babesia species. Serum samples were collected from a total of 741 cattle in Elazığ, Malatya, Tunceli and vicinities. Serum antibodies against Babesia bigemina, Babesia bovis and Babesia divergens were investigated by Indirect Fluorescence Antibody (IFA) test. In addition, peripheral blood smears were prepared and examined under a microscope. Antibodies were detected in 91 (31.9%) of 285 cattle against B. bigemina, in 4 (1.4%) against B. bovis and in 10 (3.5%) against B. divergens in Elazığ and …

Genetic Relationships Among Different Brown Swiss Cattle Herds In Turkey, Ceyhan Özbeyaz, Mehmet Ali̇ Yildiz, Handan Çamdevi̇ren

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Average heterozygosity (h^-_s), F-statistics and genetic distance (d_ij) of different Brown Swiss cattle herds in Turkey (Malya, Konuklar and Anadolu State Farms, Eskişehir Sugar Factory Farm and Van Agriculture Secondary School Farm) were compared with each other by using Hb, Tf, Am-I, Am-II and Cp (monomorphic) loci. Average heterozygosity values were estimated to be 0.2371 ± 0.1076 to 0.2876 ± 0.1027 and there were no significant differences among herds. F-statistics F^~_IS_w, F^~_IT_w and F^~_ST_w were estimated to be 0.0601 (p

The Effects Of Different Qualitative And Quantitative Feed Restriction Methods During Rearing On The Reproductive Performance Of Broiler Breeder Hens, Mehmet Bozkurt, Veysel Ayhan, Fi̇gen Kirkpinar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was carried out to determine the effect of various quantitative and qualitative feed restriction methods during the growing period on the reproductive performance of broiler breeder hens. Normal and low density diets were offered to broiler breeder pullets by three different qualitative restriction methods (every day, skip-a-day, five days in a week). The trial was conducted on 864 4 to 72 week old Avian AK-34 broiler breeder hens. The qualitative and quantitative restriction methods, examined during the growing period, had no significant effect on egg production, chick weight, settable egg rate, egg yolk and egg albumen weight, egg …

Morphological Characters Of The Honeybee (Apis Mellifera L.) Of The Artvin Borçka-Camili (Macahel) Region, Ahmet Güler

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted in order to determine the morphological characters of the honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) and to identify the genotype grown in the Camili area of the northeastern Anatolian region. A total of 24 experimental samples were collected from 3 apiaries in different locations. From each sample, 20 workers were examined and 29 morphological characters were measured biometrically. There were significant differences between the apiaries with respect to: the length of the femur, width of tergite 3, width of tergite 4, length of the wax plate of sternite 3 (longitudinal), width of the forewing, length of the hind …

The Effect Of Different Dilution Rates On Rotifer (Brachionus Plicatilis Müller, 1786) Culture, Aynur Hi̇ndi̇oğlu, Serpi̇l Serdar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, the effect of different dilution rates on the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis was investigated. For this purpose, the rotifer was cultured in three 50 l cylinder-conic tanks for 12 days, the cultures being fed with baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cereviscea). The production of the rotifer and growth rate of the cultures were determined at different dilution rates (10 %, 20 %, and 30%) when the culture density reached 200 individuals/ml. At the end of the experiments, the maximum rotifer density (1149±23 individuals/ml), total rotifer production (24 626 517 individuals/21.4 l) and growth rate (0.39±0.10) were determined in Tank I, …

Slaughter And Carcass Traits Of Güney Karaman, Kangal-Akkaraman And Akkaraman Lambs At Different Slaughter Weights, Mustafa Tufan, Ali̇ Akmaz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was carried out to investigate the slaughter and carcass traits of Güney Karaman, Kangal-Akkaraman and Akkaraman ram lambs at slaughter weights of 30, 35 and 40 kg. In this study, 6 ram lambs were used for each slaughter weight and genotype group (a total of 54 ram lambs). The lambs were slaughtered when they reached the slaughter weights mentioned above. All the carcasses were divided into five cuts, namely leg, shoulder, back, loin and others. In order to determine the carcass composition, the left halves of the carcass cuts were dissected. At the 30 kg slaughter weight, the …

Reference Values For Erythrocyte And Liver Antioxidant Systems In Healthy Male Mice (Mus Musculus), Ergül Belge Kurutaş, Fi̇gen Doran, Seyhan Vari̇nli̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of the present study was to define the reference values for erythrocyte and liver tissue glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and also reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in order to obtain basal data for subsequent toxicological investigations. In addition, the best storage conditions were determined for liver G6PDH enzyme. Male, apparently healthy Mus musculus (38) speciemens that had normal livers (histopathological data) were included in the study. G6PDH and GPX activities and GSH levels were measured by the Beutler method, and SOD aktivity was measured by the Fridovich method in …

Determination Of The Mineral Levels Of Feedstuffs In The Marmara Region And Their Relation To Nutritional Disorders In Sheep, Müjdat Alp, Recep Kahraman, Neşe Kocabağli, Dervi̇ş Özçeli̇k, Mustafa Eren, İsmet Türkmen, Meli̇h Yavuz, Şefi̇k Dursun

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was carried out in the Marmara region, which is known as one of the regions where animal husbandry is most developed in Turkey. The aim of the study was to determine and collect data on the mineral contents of forages and feedstuffs that are harvested and used in animal nutrition in the region. A further aim was to determine the blood mineral levels of sheep in order to gain information on the mineral insufficiency and/or excess mineral levels in sheep, which are fed mainly with these feedstuffs. Fifty-five different locations in 11 provinces within the whole of the …

The Effect On Food Intake And Nutrient Digestibility Of Ensiling By Mixing Whole Crop Barley At The Boot Stage With Sainfoin In Lambs, Pinar Tatli, İ. Hali̇l Çerçi̇, M. Ali̇ Azman, Fuat Gürdoğan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted to determine of effects on food intake and nutrient digestibility of ensiling by mixing different proportions of whole crop barley at the boot stage including low dry matter and high easy dissolve carbohydrate with sainfoin including high dry matter and crude protein in lambs. Five Akkaraman male lambs averaging 42 kg and 12 months old were used. The experiment was carried out according to the 5X5 latin square design in individual boxes. The study groups were determined according to the proportions of whole crop barley and sainfoin which were used as silage materials. Group I (100 …

Amplification Of The Fusion Gene Of Rinderpest Virus By Polymerase Chain Reaction And Cloning In Bacteria, Hakan Bulut, Mehmet Zi̇ya Doymaz, Yusuf Bolat

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, amplification of the rinderpest virus (RPV) fusion (F) gene with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cloning of the F gene in Escherichia coli were reported. For this purpose, first total mRNA from Vero cells infected with vaccine strain of RPV was obtained and then cDNA from this mRNA preparation was acquired with reverse transcription. In PCR, cDNA from infected Vero cells and F gene specific primers were used and the F gene was amplified. Both the PCR product and the cloning vector pUC19 were cut with EcoRI and HindIII restriction enzymes. By using T4 DNA ligase, insert …

Serum Vitamin C Levels In Goats With Peste Des Petits Ruminants (Ppr), Mustafa İssi̇, Yusuf Gül, Murat Dabak

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The role of vitamin C in the medical treatment of Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) was investigated by measuring the serum vitamin C levels in goats with PPR. Fifteen goats 5-6 months old with PPR (sick group) and 15 healthy goats 9-10 months old (control group) were used. All the animals used in the study were systematically and clinically examined and blood samples were obtained for white blood cell counts and serum vitamin C levels. The white blood cell counts were detected using Thoma microslides. Serum vitamin C levels were measured by the phosphotungstic acid method with Schimadzu UV-1208, UV-VIS …

Structural And Bio-Technical Aspects Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss)Farms In Turkey, Feri̇t Rad, Gülten Köksal

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Structural and bio-technical aspects of Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) farms in Turkey were surveyed and their performance was assessed in this study. Stratified Random Sampling was applied and relevant data were collected from 24 small, 8 medium and 8 large-scale farms using questionnaires. Collected data were processed to compute the mean values for small, medium and large-scale farms and for the sector as a whole. The mean volume of rearing facilities in the small, medium and large-scale farms were computed to be 1,275.5 m^3, 2,901.0 m^3 and 11,818.0 m^3 respectively while the general average was found to be …