Digital Commons Network^™

State Sovereignty And The Globalizing Effects Of The Internet: A Case Study Of The Privacy Debate, Joshua S. Bauchner

Brooklyn Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Choice Of Law And Software Licenses: A Framework For Discussions, Kathleen Patchel

Brooklyn Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Democratic Alternatives To Ethnic Conflict: Consociationalism And Neo-Separatism, Charles E. Ehrlich

Brooklyn Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Wrecking The Law: How Article Iii Of The Constitution Of The United States Led To The Discovery Of A Law Of Standing To Sue In Nigeria, Tunde I. Ogowewo

Brooklyn Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Co-Existence Without Conflict: The Implementation Of Legal Structures For Israeli-Palestinian Cooperation Pursuant To The Interim Peace Agreements, Justus Reid Weiner

Brooklyn Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Health Care Utilization During Terminal Child Illness In Squatter Settlements Of Karachi, I J. Hasan, A Khanum

Community Health Sciences

Objective: Information on health seeking behavior and health care utilization has important policy implications in health systems development. The paper presents some of the issues related to health care utilization and health seeking behavior in case of terminal child illness in seven squatter settlements of Karachi.Methods: From seven squatter settlements of Karachi, with a population of 100,000 approximately, we collected information, using pretested structured questionnaire, from the mothers on health care utilization during the final illness of under five children dying during 1995-1996. These deaths were identified from an earlier baseline health and demographic survey in these areas.Results: Interviews were …

Montana Kaimin, December 1, 2000, Associated Students Of The University Of Montana

Montana Kaimin, 1898-present

Student newspaper of the University of Montana, Missoula.

The Minnesota News Council: Principles, Precedent And Moral Authority, Erik Ugland

College of Communication Faculty Research and Publications

This study addresses the Minnesota News Council’s moral authority–that is, its ability to serve as a referent for the ethical or moral choices of others–and how its authority might be affected by perceptions of its legitimacy. After analyzing all of the Council’s 125 written determinations, we argue that the Council’s legitimacy and authority could be enlarged by clearer statements of ethical principles, explicit expressions of standards of conduct, and more consistent references to past determinations.

An Interview Study Of Educational Success Among American Indian Doctoral Recipients, Linda L. Neuerburg

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to better understand the successful educational experiences among Native American doctoral recipients and why they succeeded where so many others have failed to reach that level of education. The participants' individual experiences were recorded during the in-depth interviews. Their own voices have indicated their path to success.

Qualitative research methods were used in the study including interviews, participant observation, and follow-up telephone interviews. Data were analyzed for themes and results were discussed in reference to the literature. Recommendations for parents, teachers, school administrators, mentors, faculty, and college administrators were provided.

The study allowed the …

Participant Reference In Narrative Discourse: A Comparison Of Three Methodologies, Stephen A. Clark

Theses and Dissertations

In recent years several linguists have developed quantitative methods for analyzing and describing how speakers of languages refer to activated participants in narrative discourse. One of the first of these was Talmy Givon, whose method (referred to by some as the Recency/Distance method) measured three factors in participant reference: referential distance, potential interference, and persistence. A few years later, Russell Tomlin proposed an alternative model, which he labeled the Episode/Paragraph method. He felt that Givon's method fails to account for the fact that the thematic paragraphs or "episodes" found in narrative texts largely determine the amount of coding material used. …

God And The Executioner: The Influence Of Western Religion On The Use Of The Death Penalty, Davison M. Douglas

William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal

In this Essay, Professor Douglas conducts an historical review of religious attitudes toward capital punishment and the influence of those attitudes on the state's use of the death penalty. He surveys the Christian Church's strong support for capital punishment throughout most of its history, along with recent expressions of opposition from many Protestant, Catholic, and Jewish groups. Despite this recent abolitionist sentiment from an array of religious institutions, Professor Douglas notes a divergence of opinion between the "pulpit and the pew" as the laity continues to support the death penalty in large numbers. Professor Douglas accounts for this divergence by …

Islam And The Death Penalty, William A. Schabas

William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal

Capital punishment is not practiced by a majority of the world's states. Anti-capital punishment domestic policies have led to an international law of human rights that emphatically prohibits cruel and inhuman punishment. International concern for the abolition of capital punishment has prompted Islamic states that still endorse and practice the death penalty to respond with equally compelling concerns based on the tenets of Islamic law. Professor William A. Schabas suggests that Islamic states view capital punishment according to the principles embodied in the Koran. Islamic law functions on the belief that all people have a right to life unless the …

Rethinking Knowledge And Pedagogy In Dental Education, Joan Whipp

College of Education Faculty Research and Publications

Dentistry as a profession has often been considered both art and science. Traditional dental education has attempted to address both; however, in many places only the science of dentistry is emphasized. The move toward competency-based curricula in dental education requires an expansion of what constitutes meaningful knowledge in the curriculum and what pedagogies best support that curriculum. The scientific and technical knowledge considered foundational to clinical practice is not sufficient to teach competencies associated with the art of dentistry. Habermas, a social scientist, offers a way of looking beyond technical knowledge to consider two other forms of knowledge: practical and …

Leadership In Computer-Mediated Communication: Implications And Research Directions, Gerard George, Randall G. Sleeth

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Despite the importance of interpersonal influence processes in computer-mediated communication (CMC) environments, the emergence and functioning of leaders in CMC settings remains unstudied. An initial model and propositions address the possible extension of selected leadership models beyond face-to-face (FTF) communications and into the non-face-to-face CMC environment. We (1) model relevant variables for CMC leadership, (2) briefly review the implications of selected leadership models regarding these CMC variables, and (3) extend leadership models into the CMC sphere.

Mapping Appalachia, Jennifer Hall Boggess

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The complexities of natural and human events that make up the history of a place also create components of its image. Images, even those that are meant to describe limited, specific information, often reveal more than that which they were designed to tell. The maps that have been used in conjunction with traditional notions of landscape painting suggest that there is no single way to understand a place. They also hint of something ineffable but true emerging from their forms. The history of movement of people and natural forces, the arriving and leaving of individuals and cultures change the landscape. …

Encoding Of Periodic Skin Stimuli By Spinal Dorsal Horn Neurons, Jeffrey J. Lawson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The encoding of vibrotactile pitch by neurons of the somatosensory system has been investigated at many levels of the neuraxis. These studies, however, have not extended to the spinal dorsal horn, which is known to process low threshold mechanoreceptive input. The studies presented here were designed to assess the possible role of the dorsal horn in the encoding of vibrotactile pitch. To accomplish this task, dorsal horn single unit extracellular recordings were obtained during periodic electrical and sinusoidal mechanical stimulation of their receptive fields. Techniques used in classifying vibrotactile pitch encoding were similar to those used in other somatosensory nuclei, …

Commercialism, Subsistence, And Competency On The Western Virginia Frontier, 1765--1800, John M. Boback

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Since the early nineteenth century, Americans have frequently associated the pioneers of the Appalachian Mountains with subsistence farming, economic independence, and a certain degree of hostility toward capitalism. This thesis disproves the myth of pioneer self-sufficiency by demonstrating how the men and women who settled in western Virginia during the final third of the eighteenth century used a variety of tactics in their struggle to achieve a competency. Although subsistence activities, such as hunting and farming, undoubtedly held an important place in the backcountry domestic economy, the settlers also interacted with the commercial market as both producers and consumers of …

Effects Of Gender And Gender Role On Cardiovascular Reactivity And Anger Experience During An Interpersonal Interaction, Andria Leigh Black

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examined gender and gender role differences in cardiovascular reactivity and anger experience during an interpersonal interaction. Ninety-six participants interacted in dyads (traditional masculine men with traditional feminine women, and androgynous men with androgynous women). Agency (degree of challenge; High versus Low) and Communion (degree of agreement; Agree versus Disagree) were manipulated. Heart rate (HR) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) were assessed. Participants completed questionnaires assessing state and trait anger, and angry thoughts. Traditional women exhibited higher HR during speaking and listening intervals than other groups. Higher levels of state anger were reported for individuals …

Solitary Waves And Supersonic Reaction Front In Metastable Solids, Hendrik J. Viljoen, Lee L. Lauderback, D. Sornette

Hendrik J. Viljoen Publications

Motivated by an increasing number of remarkable experimental observations on the role of pressure and shear stress in solid reactions, explosions and detonations, we present a simple toy model that embodies nonlinear elasticity and dispersion as well as chemical or phase transformation. This generalization of the Toda Lattice provides an effective model for the description of the organization during an abrupt transformation in a solid. One of the challenges is to capture both the equilibrium degrees of freedom as well as to quantify the possible role of out-of-equilibrium perturbations. In the Toda Lattice, we verify that the particle velocities converge …

Role Of ΣB In Adaptation Of Listeria Monocytogenes To Growth At Low Temperature, Lynne A. Becker, Stefanie N. Evans, Robert W. Hutkins, Andrew K. Benson

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

The activity of σ^B in Listeria monocytogenes is stimulated by high osmolarity and is necessary for efficient uptake of osmoprotectants. Here we demonstrate that, during cold shock, σ^B contributes to adaptation in a growth phase-dependent manner and is necessary for efficient accumulation of betaine and carnitine as cryoprotectants.

Prediction Of Airfoil Stall In Icing Conditions Using Wing Surface Pressures, Erik Pederson

Masters Theses

This thesis presents work on a Normalized Lift Coefficient instrumentation system that predicts airfoil stall in icing conditions. The system uses four surface pressures, measured aft of the ice formation, from which the aircraft's normalized lift coefficient is determined. The pressure port locations were selected such that the calibration algorithm remains nearly constant as the leading edge ice shape and thickness change. Data collected in the Western Michigan University Wind Tunnel is presented for three ice formations varying in both shape and thickness. The ice and no ice conditions were compared and a set of four ports was found that …

Ostensible Abductions, Real Anthropology, Timothy F. Mccauley

Masters Theses

A gap has developed in the research agenda of contemporary anthropology with regard to a phenomenon which has received notable attention from research professionals in other fields, such as history and psychiatry. What has been called the "alien abduction phenomenon" has had considerable impact, not only on those who sincerely believe these events are an everyday part of human experience (called "abductees") but also on the changing tapestry of American culture. Alien abduction accounts are closely related to the Unidentified Flying Object (UFO) phenomenon, a theme which has shaped American culture since the tum of the century. This thesis represents …

Exploring Visitor Meanings Of Place In The National Capital Parks - Central, Wei-Li Jasmine Chen

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study uses a new approach to interpretative research based on (1) understanding the meanings visitors attach to park resources, and (2) examining the connections that visitors made after attending an on-site interpretive program. The study was conducted at the National Capital Parks in Washington, DC. This study revealed that many visitors to the Lincoln Memorial, the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, and the Korean War Veterans Memorial (i.e. the Triangle) seek something of value for themselves, including everything from connecting with the past and rededicating themselves to the ideals of the nation. The study incorporated mixed method design, including purposeful sampling …

Coupled Nonlinear Dynamical Systems, Hongyan Sun

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In this dissertation, we study coupled nonlinear dynamical systems that exhibit new types of complex behavior. We numerically and analytically examine a variety of dynamical models, ranging from systems of ordinary differential equations (ODE) with novel elements of feedback to systems of partial differential equations (PDE) that model chemical pattern formation. Chaos, dynamical uncertainty, synchronization, and spatiotemporal pattern formation constitute the primary topics of the dissertation. Following the introduction in Chapter 1, we study chaos and dynamical uncertainty in Chapter 2 with coupled Lorenz systems and demonstrate the existence of extreme complexity in high-dimensional ODE systems. In Chapter 3, we …

Design, Construction, And Evaluation Of Coal Extraction Pilot Plant To Manufacture Coal-Based Carbon Pitch, Brian Wayne Bland

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A solvent extraction technique for removing mineral matter, including the inorganic sulfur, from coal has been developed by the Department of Chemical Engineering at WVU. The extraction is preformed at mild conditions (202°C and atmospheric pressure) using the solvent N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone (NMP). Laboratory results have shown that this technique yields a clean coal product containing less than 1 percent ash and virtually no inorganic sulfur.;This research was conducted for further process design and economic development of an industrial-scale extraction process.;This research reported the possibility of production scale processing by constructing a pilot plant. The pilot plant was used to explore the …

Persistence Of Response Variation And Repetition, Adam Howard Doughty

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A multiple chained schedule was used to assess the persistence of fixed and variable response sequences. In one terminal link, a single 4-peck response sequence produced food (Repeat) and in the other terminal link a 4-peck response sequence produced food only if it had been occurring infrequently relative to the other 15 possible responses (Vary). Similar response and reinforcement rates occurred in each terminal link. Identical variable-interval 20-s schedules operated in the initial links preceding each terminal link and lower response rates reliably occurred in the initial link preceding the Vary terminal link. After responding stabilized under the multiple chained …

Toward A Pragmatic Understanding Of Status-Consciousness: The Case Of Deregulated Education, Tomiko Brown-Nagin

Duke Law Journal

This Article discusses the relationship between federal equal protection doctrine and the states' experiment with deregulated education-in particular, charter schools whose student bodies are identifiable on the basis of status. I argue that the states' experiment with deregulated education and the Supreme Court's understanding of the limitations imposed by the federal Equal Protection Clause on status-conscious state action are substantially in conflict, though not inevitably so. Reconciling state policy and federal constitutional law requires, first, that state legislatures draft laws that are consistent with the Court's skepticism of explicitly status-conscious state action, and its ambivalence toward state action that addresses …

Application Of The Doctrine Of Equivalents To Means Plus Function Claims: Wms Gaming Inc. V. International Game Technology, John N. Kandara

Duke Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Assessing The Potential Impact Of The Proposed Hague Jurisdiction And Judgments Convention On Human Rights Litigation In The United States, Thomas E. Vanderbloemen

Duke Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Confucian Ethics And The Critique Of Ideology, Alan Kam Leung Chan

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

The debate between Hans-Georg Gadamer and Jürgen Habermas provides a fresh perspective from which Confucian philosophy may be approached. In this paper, focusing on the Lunyu (Analects), I argue that the sayings of Confucius reflect an essentially 'conservative' orientation, finding in tradition a reservoir of insight and truth. There is a critical dimension to it in that ethical reflection and self-cultivation would enable the individual to challenge particular claims of tradition. However, can self-cultivation transcend tradition as a whole and enable the individual to effect radical change? Following the strategy of Habermas' critique of Gadamer, what happens if tradition is …