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Harmonic Convergence? Constitutional Criminal Procedure In An International Context, Diane Marie Amann

Scholarly Works

Throughout the world, a trend toward a shared - a constitutional - criminal procedure may be detected. It is evident in common-law, civil-law, and mixed systems: individual states like China adopt laws promising once-alien concepts like a presumption of innocence, even as supranational bodies like the International Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia debate how to adapt certain norms to a hybrid structure. Some have suggested that such developments may herald a harmonic convergence of criminal procedure rules. This Article examines the likelihood of such a convergence. It establishes as a keynote around which harmony may develop the model of constitutional …

A Legal And Psychological Critique Of The Present Approach To The Assessment Of The Competence Of Child Witnesses, Nicholas Bala, Kang Lee, Rod Lindsay, Victoria Talwar

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

The Canada Evidence Act requires an inquiry to determine whether a child has the requisite moral and intellectual capacity to testify. Caselaw suggests that a child must demonstrate an understanding of abstract concepts like "truth" and "promise" to be competent to testify. This article reports on a survey of Ontario justice system professionals, revealing significant variation in how judges conduct competency inquiries. Children are often asked about religious beliefs and practices, and are frequently asked developmentally inappropriate questions. The authors also report on their experimental research which indicates that children's ability to explain such abstract concepts as "truth," "lie," and …

Challenges For Cause, Stand-Asides, And Peremptory Challenges In The Nineteenth Century, R. Blake Brown

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

This article examines the substantial differences that emerged during the nineteenth century between the law of England, the United States, and Canada regarding challenges for cause, stand-asides, and peremptory challenges in the jury selection process. The author argues that these differences stemmed from the unique social conditions of each country. The emergence of legal formalism-with its emphasis on certainty and predictability in the law-affected the development of jury challenges, though the result of formalist thinking had very different effects in all three jurisdictions. In addition, Canadian law regarding jury challenges reveals the influence of both American and English legal trends.

Mediating Citizen Complaints Against The Police: An Exploratory Study , Samuel Walker, Carol Archbold

Journal of Dispute Resolution

This article examines the subject of mediating citizen complaints against the police. It reviews the history of citizen complaints, presents data on existing police complaint mediation programs, and discusses the potential contributions of mediation to police accountability.

Perceptions Of Police Abusive Behavior: Factors Influencing Citizens' Attitudes Toward The Police Use Of Excessive Force, Debra P. Laville-Wilson

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

This study analyzed several factors to determine their influence on the public's perceptions of the police use of excessive force or police brutality. Conflict theory and cognitive consistency theory were used to conceptualize the perceptions of police brutality. Based on these theories, five hypotheses were predicted. Secondary data from a 1995 National Opinion Survey of Crime and Justice were re-analyzed. The data provide 1,005 respondents for the analyses. Analyses were performed at the bivariate and multivariate level.

Findings from the bivariate analysis show that Blacks were three (3) times more likely than Whites to perceive the police use of excessive …

The Effects Of Education And Exposure On College Students' Perceptions Of Dating Violence, Kristian Moore

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between previous exposure to violent situation and an individual's tolerance level of dating violence. In addition, the effect that intervention, in this case a film, can have on one's perception is also examined. This research is quasi-experimental in design and uses a pre-test/post-test design. A baseline sample of 137 Old Dominion University undergraduate students was surveyed at time one at which previous exposure to conflict situations as well as tolerance levels to dating violence were assessed. The film was presented between times one and two. The post-test was given …

Medical Students And Their Attitudes Toward Abortion: An Assessment Of Which Factors Influence Medical Students' Willingness Or Unwillingness To Perform Abortions, Katherine M. Krupa

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this research is to determine which factors, if any, influence medical students' willingness or unwillingness to perform abortions. Ample research has been conducted evaluating both the general population's and college students' attitudes toward abortion; however, limited research has been collected on medical students. The present research study attempts to fill this void. The following research questions will be reviewed and evaluated throughout the current study: (1) What personal factors if any influence medical students' willingness or unwillingness to terminate a pregnancy; (2) Are medical students willing to perform abortions for the reasons that women are requesting them; …

A Study Of Faculty Attitudes At Old Dominion University Toward The Use Of Technology In Higher Education, Charles R. Gray

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to uncover and analyze the attitudes, perceptions, and possible concerns of the faculty at Old Dominion University toward the use of new computer technologies in education. Level of experience with the use of new technologies is also examined. This project utilizes a sample of 207 full-time faculty members employed at Old Dominion University during the Spring 2000 semester.

Faculty members between the ages of 24 and 34 had significantly more experience with the use of new computer technologies than did those faculty members who were 50 or more years of age. Faculty members who …

Spousal Violence Levels Among Substance-Abusing Couples After Behavioral Couples Therapy Versus Individual-Based Treatment, Shannon O'Neill Arehart

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

Domestic violence and substance abuse are two of the most prevalent and detrimental social ills plaguing American society today. Additionally, domestic violence and substance abuse are inter-related, and are often found within the same family or relationship. Understanding the relationship between these two problems is essential, especially in the context of therapy or treatment.

Previous studies have shown that behavioral couples therapy (BCT), a treatment for substance abuse problems in which couples participate in conjoint therapy sessions, can be effective in reducing the levels of spousal violence in alcoholic couples (O'Farrell & Murphy, 1995). Additionally, BCT has been effective in …

An Exploratory Study Of Domestic Violence Attitudes Among Virginia Magistrates, Elaine M. Phillips

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

Currently, 43 states utilize magistrates in the criminal justice response to domestic violence. In Virginia, magistrates have the power to grant emergency protective orders and arrest warrants in domestic violence cases. In 1996, Virginia instituted a new mandatory arrest law. This study explores magistrates' attitudes toward the new law. It also examines their attitudes toward victims and offenders involved in domestic violence cases. The study utilizes data from Crossland's 1998 survey of Virginia magistrates (n=239). Hypotheses based on conflict theory and feminist theory lead to hypotheses that predict that magistrates' attitudes will vary depending on the race, educational level and …

Victimless Crime: A Comparison Of Public Offense Ratings Of Misdemeanor Offenses And Virginia Sentencing Guidelines, Theresa M. Dutton

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

This study was designed to explore the hypothesized gap between what state guidelines on criminal sanctioning recommend for misdemeanor offenses, and what the public perceives· as just punishment for these offenses. The research also addresses the issue of victimless crime. In this regard it was additionally hypothesized that there exists a significant difference in public opinion towards sentencing those crimes that specifically do not have a victim, with those that do.

The design of this study is based on one conducted by Peter Rossi and Richard Berk (Rossi and Berk 1997). For this study, a sample of students attending college …

The Murray Ledger And Times, June 29, 2000, The Murray Ledger And Times

The Murray Ledger & Times

No abstract provided.

The Daily Egyptian, June 28, 2000, Daily Egyptian Staff

June 2000

No abstract provided.

June 27, 2000 Faculty Senate Minutes, University Of South Carolina

Faculty Senate

No abstract provided.

June 27, 2000, The Daily Mississippian

Daily Mississippian (all digitized issues)

No abstract provided.

United States V. Baird

2000 Decisions

USDC for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania

Tri-County Challenger, June 24, 2000, The Weekly Challenger, Et Al

Weekly Challenger Newspaper Collection

The June 24, 2000, issue of Tri-County Challenger.

The Weekly Challenger, June 24, 2000, The Weekly Challenger, Et Al

Weekly Challenger Newspaper Collection

The June 24, 2000, issue of The Weekly Challenger.

The Ucf Report, Vol. 22 No. 23, June 23, 2000, University Of Central Florida

The UCF Report

Governor approves UCF funding priorities: Two funding requests for partnerships with performing arts centers were the only items vetoed by Gov. Bush; Employees break UCF criminal case: UCF employees assisted UCF Police in the arrest of a vending machine burglar; Legislature approves renaming of buildings: UCF renamed two existing buildings after its first two presidents and will name two other facilities after major contributors.

Probation Officers Reporting Of Mental Disorders And Treatment Among Juveniles In Ramsey County, Theresa A. Pease

Theses and Graduate Projects

A descriptive research study focusing on the mental health services available to juveniles in the juvenile justice system who have mental health diagnoses. Ramsey county juvenile probation officers were surveyed to provide information regarding this population.

Juveniles in the juvenile justice system have been identified as having a high incident of mental health disorders and are a population in great need. The goal of the study was to answer several questions related to the number of youth with mental disorders in a metropolitan juvenile justice system. The information was collected using a short survey distributed to the county's 44 juvenile …

June 21st 2000, Hispanic News

Inland Empire Hispanic News

No abstract provided.

James E. Coleman House Testimony, James E. Coleman

Miscellaneous Advocacy

Copy of American Bar Association's James E. Coleman's opening statement in testimony before the United States House Subcomittee on Crime in support of the Innocence Protection Act of 2000.

2000 June 19 - Graduate Council Minutes, College Of Graduate And Continuing Studies, East Tennessee State University

Graduate Council Agendas and Minutes

No abstract provided.

June 19, 2000, The Daily Mississippian

Daily Mississippian (all digitized issues)

No abstract provided.

The Parthenon, June 15, 2000, Marshall University

The Parthenon

No abstract provided.

Media Construction, Reality Engineering, And The Forest Park Murder Victims, Patrick O'Reilly

Dissertations and Theses

Media portrayals of social problems both reflect and shape public perceptions of those problems. Such coverage can have bona fide consequences for what is actually done to combat a particular social problem. Using a constructionist approach, which focuses on how problems are defined and framed by claimsmakers, this study analyzes coverage of a local murder case by The Oregonian, the only major newspaper in the state of Oregon. The case involved the serial murders of three women, each of whose bodies was dumped in a large forested park in the city of Portland.

The analysis includes the content of coverage …

June 15, 2000, The Daily Mississippian

Daily Mississippian (all digitized issues)

No abstract provided.

2000-06-13, Board Of Regents, Murray State University

Board of Regents Meeting Minutes

No abstract provided.

The Weekly Challenger, June 10, 2000, The Weekly Challenger, Et Al

Weekly Challenger Newspaper Collection

The June 10, 2000, issue of The Weekly Challenger.

Tri-County Challenger, June 10, 2000, The Weekly Challenger, Et Al

Weekly Challenger Newspaper Collection

The June 10, 2000, issue of Tri-County Challenger.