Digital Commons Network^™

Bridging The Gap Between Schools And Non-Formal Science Institutions: Using New York City's Non-Formal Resources To Teach Science, P. Fraser-Abder

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

Effective science teaching and learning needs to take place in an environment in which the formal and non-formal worlds of science combine their expertise and resources. Science learning and ultimately, scientific literacy for all depends on the teaching that occurs both in schools and in non-formal settings. As we move towards the attainment of scientific literacy for all, it is becoming more imperative that we recognize and utilize the media, industry education programs, non-formal science centers, museums, and other science learning outlets as valuable segments of our nation’s science education infrastructure. This paper describes the context, rationale, and outline of …

Why Do We Need Programs That Work?, K. C. Thornton

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

No abstract provided.

Bridging The Gap: The Classroom And The "Real World", P. Strickler

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

No abstract provided.

Use Of The World Wide Web In Mathematics Instruction, A. Lewis

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

Many mathematics instructors may find they can use the World Wide Web to distribute information and facilitate discussion and interaction in their classrooms, while actually reducing their administrative workload. Here is a discussion of some of the benefits (including better student understanding!) which an instructor might enjoy from taking the plunge.

An Introduction To Stemtec And "Pathways To Change", C. D'Avanzo, R. F. Yuretich

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

STEMTEC is the Massachusetts Collaborative for Excellence in Teacher Preparation. The first step in preparing future teachers is to have them experience effective teaching in college science and mathematics courses. The Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Teacher Education Collaborative (STEMTEC) summer institutes familiarized 150 faculty members with a variety of teaching strategies recommended in the National Science Teaching Standards. These faculty incorporated the techniques into one or more of their courses during subsequent academic years, and many of them reported on their progress during a research conference, "Pathways to Change," which STEMTEC sponsored in the summer of 2000. Eleven papers, …

The Write Approach To Mathematics Or How I Found The Middle Way, R. H. Ring

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

Revising a course is a multifaceted process. Often, reform efforts are focused on a particular aspect, that of inquiry-based collaborative learning. This article discusses the implementation of another aspect of the reform of a course for pre-service elementary teachers: the use of journals and writing exercises for evaluation and assessment. The evolution of this particular reform is traced, with emphasis on the reactions of students and faculty, the issues raised by these reactions, and the solution and resolution attained by the author is outlined.

Title Page, Coordinating Editor's Note

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

No abstract provided.

Complete Randomized Cutting Plane Algorithms For Propositional Satisfiability, Stephen Lee Hansen

CCAC Theses and Dissertations

The propositional satisfiability problem (SAT) is a fundamental problem in computer science and combinatorial optimization. A considerable number of prior researchers have investigated SAT, and much is already known concerning limitations of known algorithms for SAT. In particular, some necessary conditions are known, such that any algorithm not meeting those conditions cannot be efficient. This paper reports a research to develop and test a new algorithm that meets the currently known necessary conditions.

In chapter three, we give a new characterization of the convex integer hull of SAT, and two new algorithms for finding strong cutting planes. We also show …

State Government Cost Recovery For Electronic Information Dissemination: A Comparative Study, Donald R. Wismer

CCAC Theses and Dissertations

Prior to this study, no paradigm common among state governments regarding public policy principles on cost recovery for the dissemination of public information had been described. The study revealed that U.S. federal government policy has served as a model from which a majority of the states have proceeded. This study has compared the states with the federal government and with themselves to determine the policy boundaries. Themes from in the literature were presented and summarized, and measurable elements were isolated. Data from statutory, regulatory, and case law, and from explicit policy statements, were gathered and compared within graphical formats. A …

The Feasibility Of Developing A Computer Based Expert System To Mitigate Nuclear Power Plant Accidents, Jesse E. Smith

CCAC Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the feasibility of developing a rule-based expert system to support nuclear plant operators in the mitigation of accidents. Human error in the use of Emergency Operating Procedures (EOPs) was the problem to be addressed. The goal was to determine if the Nuclear Plant Information System (NPIS) at one specific power plant would support development of an EOP operator aid to reduce the number of human errors.

A review of the literature confirmed that human error is a recurring problem. This is particularly evident during high stress situations, such as accidents. A rule-based operator aid can reduce human …

A Model For Transforming Legacy Systems In A Client/Server Environment Based On The Unified Modeling Language(Uml), Leon Stevens

CCAC Theses and Dissertations

In this dissertation the researcher developed the methodology for the migration of computer programs from a legacy architecture to client/server architecture. System migrations have failed frequently, and even so-called successful migrations may have serious usability problems. Additional difficulties include missing documentation of the existing program(s), the persons who developed the existing system are not available for consultation, and, frequently, there are important operational and economic issues that must be considered. The client/server environment is quite different from the source environment; the operating system and implementation languages have changed, and system requirements may have been greatly expanded, frequently including the Internet. …

Enhanced Three-Dimensional Reconstruction Of Surfaces Using Multicolor Gratings, Bernard S. Gilbert, Joel H. Blatt

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

Most optical topolography systems use a single-wavelength laser for projection, using a swept spot, a moving line, or a projected grating. In a typical projected grating system, the gratings are shifted and a series of images is used to recover the 3-D shape of the target. When the series of images is analyzed in the normal phase shift manner, the resulting 2-D phase map typically has phase unwrapping problems due to noise and Nyquist limits. Surfaces with large vertical discontinuities present a problem for phase unwrapping 3-D shape recovery. We look at simultaneously projecting multiple wavelengths onto a surface to …

Small-Scale Magnetic Flux Ropes In The Solar Wind, M. B. Moldwin, S. Ford, Ronald P. Lepping, James A. Slavin, Adam Szabo

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

Small-scale magnetic flux ropes have been discovered in the solar wind at 1 AU in observations from the IMP 8 and WIND spacecraft. These small magnetic structures (diameter of 270 R(E), on average) have some similar properties to magnetic clouds (diameters of 0.2 -0.3 AU or about 6000 - 8000 R(E)), which are well known large-scale magnetic flux ropes, but have durations of 10s of minutes as opposed to many hours or days for most magnetic clouds. The presence of these small helical field structures suggests that solar wind flux ropes may have a wide-range of scale sizes, or possibly …

Standardized Tests: The Continuation Of Gender Bias In Higher Education, Andrea L. Silverstein

Hofstra Law Review

No abstract provided.

Rising Wage Inequality: The 1980s Experience In Urban Labor Markets, Thomas Hyclak

Upjohn Press

Hyclak analyzes information not utilized in previous studies of wage inequality. Whereas researchers previously relied on data derived from the national labor market, Hyclak draws on data from the Area Wage Surveys (AWS), which allows him to focus on changes in the wage structure in a sample of 20 local labor markets for the period of 1974 to 1991. This source also allows him to examine changes in the structure of wages paid for some 40 different jobs found in four different occupational groups. In addition, Hyclak is able to concentrate on jobs and the skills required as the primary …

The Economics Of Medicare Reform, Andrew J. Rettenmaier, Thomas Robert Saving

Upjohn Press

The authors propose a means for preserving Medicare as we know it. After detailing the reasons for Medicare's financial troubles, they present a cohort-based financing plan for Medicare that represents a fundamental departure from the generation transfer method currently used.

Implementing A Virtual Reality Paradigm In Human Anatomy/Physiology College Curricula, Helen St. Aubin

CCAC Theses and Dissertations

Modes of instruction in the college course called Human Anatomy/Physiology are changing. Due to ethical concerns and the ever-increasing source of new physiological data, there is a need for enhancements to assist the instructor and student. The computer science of virtual reality (VR) provides a method to electronically educate, train, prototype, and test and evaluate new enhancements to the college curricula. This study detailed the modeling and simulation of a skeletal human hand with degrees of freedom of movement, which provided the students with a physiological representation of some of the movements of the hand. The primary objectives of the …

Abort, Retry, Fail: Protection For Software-Related Inventions In The Wake Of State Street Bank & Trust Co. V. Signature Financial Group, Inc. , Chad King

Cornell Law Review

No abstract provided.

Whatever Happened To Anti-Semitism - How Social Science Theories Identify Discrimination And Promote Coalitions Between Different Minorities, Clark Freshman

Cornell Law Review

No abstract provided.

Bulletin: General Catalog Issue 2000-2001, Portland State University

Bulletin & Curriculum Change Documents

No abstract provided.

Insurance And The Utopian Idea, Carol Weisbrod

Faculty Articles and Papers

No abstract provided.

Oxygen Isotopes And Metolachlor Residues In Water Samples From A Portion Of The Canajoharie Creek Watershed, Central New York, John M. Nadeau

Geology Theses and Dissertations

Increased ground and surface water contamination has fueled the need for a better understanding of factors affecting hydrogeological settings. Seasonal variability in the recharge of an aquifer can affect the rate and amount of contamination that can occur. Stable isotopes have been previously investigated as tracers to determine flow paths of the water and contaminants. In this study, oxygen isotopes were used to determine the factors that influence seasonal variations in ground and surface water, such as well location, aquifer type, surface water sites, and soil type. Samples were collected from different locations around the Canajoharie Field Site, including wells …

Activation Of P38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase And C-Jun Nh2-Terminal Kinase By Double-Stranded Rna And Encephalomyocarditis Virus: Involvement Of Rnase L, Protein Kinase R, And Alternative Pathways, Mihail S. Iordanov, Jayashree M. Paranjape, Aimin Zhou, John Wong, Bryan R.G. Williams, Eliane F. Meurs, Robert H. Silverman, Bruce E. Magun

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) accumulates in virus-infected mammalian cells and signals the activation of host defense pathways of the interferon system. We describe here a novel form of dsRNA-triggered signaling that leads to the stimulation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and of their respective activators MKK3/6 and SEK1/MKK4. The dsRNA-dependent signaling to p38 MAPK was largely intact in cells lacking both RNase L and the dsRNA-activated protein kinase (PKR), i.e., the two best-characterized mediators of dsRNA-triggered antiviral responses. In contrast, activation of both MKK4 and JNK by dsRNA was greatly reduced in …

Sweeping The E-Commerce Patent Minefield: The Need For A Workable Business Method Exception, William Krause

Seattle University Law Review

This Comment will trace the history of patent protection for methods of doing business over the past two decades, then it will inspect the problems that this protection has wrought: litigation, increased barriers to e-commerce entrepreneurs, and the threat of a less vibrant electronic marketplace. Because each traditional method of protecting intellectual property -- patent, copyright, and trade secret -- has strengths and limitations in protecting advancements in software technology, this Comment will examine the relative benefits of each method. Finally, this Comment will suggest a simple, easily applied test that will offer patent protection to true innovations while reserving …

Octafluoro-Meso Tetraarylporphyrins And Methods For Making These Compounds, Stephen G. Dimagno

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

The novel compounds of the present invention are f-octafluoro-meso-tetraarylporphyrins of formula (I) and their metallic complexes of formula (II):

B-octafluoro-meso-tetraaryl porphyrins are Synthesized by reacting 3,4-difluoropyrrole with an aromatic aldehyde in the presence of boron trifluoride etherate, followed by oxidation. The difluoropyrrole used in this reaction is pro duced by reacting 3,3,4,4-tetrafluoropyrroline or its corre sponding Salt, 3,3,4,4-tetrafluoropyrrolidinium Salt, with a base Such as potassium tert-butoxide. The metalloporphyrins of the present invention are Synthesized by deprontonating B-octafluoro-meso-tetraarylporphyrin ligands and treating Said ligands with metal ions.

The School Environment In Egypt: A Situation Analysis Of Public Preparatory Schools, Sahar El Tawila, Cynthia B. Lloyd, Barbara Mensch, Hind Wassef, Zeinab Gamal, Wesley H. Clark, Rania Sakr

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Very little research exists in Egypt on contemporary education outcomes and their relationship to an array of education inputs. Also, few datasets are available on the acquisition and retention of basic skills from education. This research aims at filling that gap in our knowledge by drawing a profile of the situation of public preparatory schools, investigating the distinct dimensions of the environment in these schools, and examining the links among these dimensions and specific education outcomes. As noted in this report, this study focuses on the preparatory stage of the general education system. Students in this stage comprise one-quarter of …

Women Street Vendors: The Road To Recognition, Monique Cohen

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This issue of SEEDS explores the experience of women working and organizing as urban street vendors at a time when both the volume of demand and the number of vendors are expected to grow. As municipalities seek to change laws that affect how street vendors ply their trade, it is clear that vendors must have a seat at the table. Local-level organizational efforts need to be consolidated at the national level to cement vendors’ hard-earned gains as rights in national laws and policy. A 1995 meeting in Bellagio conceived an international alliance of street vendors—StreetNet—which aims to promote the exchange …

First Amendment Freedoms And The Encryption Export Battle: Deciphering The Importance Of Bernstein V. United States Department Of Justice, 176 F.3d 1132 (9th Cir. 1999), David Mcclure

Nebraska Law Review

I. Introduction: Where Encryption Meets the First Amendment

II. Encryption and Its Importance Today ... A. Modern Encryption At Work ... B. Encryption Regulations

III. Bernstein v. United States Department of Justice

IV. The Battle and the First Amendment's Effect on It ... A. The Battle Lines ... B. Which Side Should the First Amendment Favor? ... C. Future Implications

V. Conclusion: The Greater Importance of Bernstein

2000 Annual Report Of The Tennessee Registry Of Election Finance, Tennessee Registry Of Election Finance

Registry Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

Changing Perceptions Of Mental Illness And The Emergence Of Expansive Mental Health Party Legislation, Maria A. Morrison

South Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.