Digital Commons Network^™

Financing Clinical Research And Experimental Therapies: Payment Due, But From Whom?, Patricia C. Kuszler

DePaul Journal of Health Care Law

No abstract provided.

Chapter 8: Tourism Wildlife And Parks, Lisa R. Romney

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Ecotourism has been widely promoted for its potential to sustainably finance both conservation and economic development (Boo 1990, Card and Vogelsong 1995). While definitions of ecotourism vary, proponents envision it as a form of tourism that: (1) caters to environmentally and culturally sensitive tourist; (2) avoids negative cultural and environmental impacts; (3) promotes the conservation of natural resources; (4) contributes to local economic development; (5) encourages local participation in the development of tourism-related industries; and (6) utilizes low technology and low energy infrastructure.

Is It Time For Cooperative Learning To Enter American Classrooms?, Donna Sewell

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Education's raison d'etre is to prepare students with the skills necessary for a productive and happy life within society. The fact that many educational institutions are experiencing a disconcerting number of students dropping out of school (and sometimes life itself) may be an indicator that this preparation is less than adequate in meeting their needs. In fact, the needs of a high school graduate today are so different and far-reaching than what they were 30-50 years ago, it will be easier to group them according to a change in economics, transformed demographics and changes in social situations and practices. Each …

Treatment Of Separation Anxiety Disorder And School Refusal: A Comprehensive Review Of The Literature, Nicole Petersen

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Separation anxiety disorder is a condition in which a child or adolescent experiences severe anxiety when separation from a parent or caregiver is imminent. A possible symptom of separation anxiety disorder or other psychological conditions is that the child may refuse to attend school or run away from school during the day, an occurrence commonly referred to as school refusal. Children with separation anxiety disorder or school refusal may, as a result, be limited in their social and educational opportunities. Therefore, a review of published studies on the treatment of separation anxiety disorder and school refusal was completed. To adequately …

The Influence Of Parental Attributions And Parenting Behaviors On The Attributions Utilized By Children With And Without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Brent R. Collett

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Research suggests that the causal attributions utilized by children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) differ from those of nonclinical children. Additionally, research indicates differences among the mothers of children with and without ADHD regarding parenting behaviors and attributions for child behavior. In this study, children's attributions, maternal attributions, and maternal discipline styles were examined in ADHD and non-ADHD populations. Participants included 26 children diagnosed with ADHD and their mothers as well as a nonclinical sample of 24 children who had never been diagnosed with ADHD and their mothers. The results support the hypotheses that child and maternal attributions would differ between …

A Case Study Of The Undergraduate Biomedical Research Component Of A Federally Funded Minority Student Development Program, Nancy A. Drickey

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Tremendous growth in the biomedical science workforce has increased the need for trained scientists. The current workforce is severely underrepresented by minority groups, particularly Native Americans. To address this issue, the federal government funded programs that encouraged Native American students to participate in undergraduate biomedical science courses and research. One such program, funded by the National Institutes of Health, is the Minority Student Development Program at Northern Arizona University. Little research has been done on educational programs for minority populations.

The purpose of this study was to identify and describe qualities and characteristics of the undergraduate research component of the …

The Effect Of Buttermilk Fraction Concentrates On Growth And Iron Uptake And Transport By Caco-2 Cell Cultures, Yoo-Hyun Lee

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

To examine the effect of buttermilk fractions on growth, iron transport, and uptake, Caco-2 cells (human colon adenocarcinoma) were grown in a bicameral chamber. The Caco-2 cell culture system is a useful model to study micronutrient utilization in the human enterocyte, because Caco-2 cells continuously differentiate and form a monolayer, which has high polarity, a well-developed brush border, and a tight junction.

Iron bioavailabilty in various milks is very different depending upon milk composition. The fat fraction especially is known to be associated with iron absorption, because the fat fraction has milk fat globule membrane (MFGM), which contains bioactive molecules …

Children's Awareness, Knowledge, And Understanding Of Aids In Bahrain, Anne Thomas

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The incidence of acquired immuno deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is on the increase across the world. The purpose of this study was to explore young children's awareness, knowledge, and understanding of AIDS in Bahrain, in the Arabian Gulf region. This was done within the framework of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which spans development across time. Ninety-nine children aged 6 through 12 were administered a standardized interview to ascertain their knowledge about AIDS, its causes, outcomes, and prevention. The study explored whether knowledge about AIDS was related to age, gender, and parental education. It also examined the sources of children's …

Promoting Development Through Play: A Migrant Head Start Parent-Child Enrichment Program, Dana K. Mortensen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was designed to assess the efficacy of an early intervention project focusing on early stimulating experiences through parent-child play interactions, and their impact on young migrant Latino children's mental, motor, social-emotional, and language development. An experimental group of 30 children from 26 families and a control group of 14 children from 14 families participated in this assessment. Dependent measures included the Bayley Scales of Infant Development and the Preschool Language Scale. Demographic data such as parent level of education, number of individuals living in the home, and family income were among the independent measures. Research hypotheses predicted the …

Riparian Zone Protection: The Use Of The Willingness-To-Accept Format In A Contingent Valuation Study, Catherine A. Broadhead

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The contingent valuation method (CVM) is used to evaluate the minimum compensation landowners require to forego production on farm riverbanks areas. The elicitation format used in the survey is a yes-no participation question followed by an open-ended question.

Chapter 2 presents the results of the survey. The Heckman approach is used in the econometric analysis to take care of the self-selection problem arising with this formatting of the questions. Chapter 3 is devoted to further examining the potential for undertaking valuation exercises using the willingness-to-accept format (WTA)

WTA estimates obtained with open-ended format are compared to WTA estimates obtained when …

Effect Of Land In Commons On The Decision-Making Behavior Of The Pastoralists In The Central Rangelands Of Somalia, Abdinasir Mohamed Abdulle

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Degradations of the rangelands is very common around the permanent settlements of the central rangelands of Somalia. This degradation is attributed to overstocking resulting form the fact that the rangelands are communally owned and herders are ignoring the shadow value of the forage. Information about the optimal herd size would help halt the rangeland degradation.

In this study, two allocation mechanisms were compared. The first was the private ownership solution where someone owns the rangeland and decides how many animals should be grazed there. The second was the solution where the rangeland is owned in common by the dwellers of …

The Geography Of Exploration: A Study In The Process Of Physical Exploration And Geographical Discovery, Joseph St.Onge

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Exploration has been a common literary topic throughout the history of humans. However, much of this historical tradition has possessed a fairly narrow focus, emphasizing the drama and heroics of an individual explorer or concentrating on a description of a particular exploration. There has been little attempt at understanding the process of exploration and placing this important process in context with the historic and geographic phenomena that both affect and are affected by it. In this thesis, the author has broken the process of exploration down into a theoretical structure that is presented in a holistic model. This model has …

The Efficacy Of Group Bereavement Interventions: An Integrative Review Of The Research Literature, Jim D. Sharpnack

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study involves a meta-analysis of the extant English language literature reporting studies of the effectiveness of bereavement therapeutic interventions. Twenty-six studies (20 adult studies; 6 child studies) were located and served as the database for the current meta-analytic study. Questions asked of the studies in this meta-analysis included:

1. Describe background variables of subjects seeking bereavement group interventions.
2. Describe leader variables of persons leading bereavement group interventions.
3. Describe intervention variables in bereavement group interventions.

The major finding of the meta-analysis was that children and adult experimental subjects benefitted from the grief interventions in comparison to their control counterparts. The ratio …

Altered T Cell-Mediated Immunity And Infectious Factors In Autism, Yong Hu

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Three major questions were addressed in this dissertation: 1) Do immune abnormalities associated with autism primarily alter CD4+ T cell-mediated or humoral immune responses? 2) Are specific T cell clones expanded in autism? 3) Which, if any, infectious agents play a role in autism?

CD4+ T cell-mediated (Th1) or humoral (Th2) immune responses can be distinguished on the basis of the cytokines expressed. CD4+ T-cells secrete interleukin type 2 (IL-2) and interferon-γ, whereas a Th2 response is associated with secretion of interleukin type 4(IL-4). mRNA extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear nuclear cells (PBMC) showed significantly increased levels of IL-2 and …

Returns To Public Agricultural Expenditure Under Uncertainty, Sanjeev Misra

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A vast literature has investigated the returns to investment in agriculture research and generally found extremely high rates of return. These results suggest policymakers would do well to maintain or increase resource allocation to public agricultural research. Remarkably little attention has been paid, however, to the issue of how best to allocate public agricultural research funding between competing research areas and organizations. This paper considers the relative returns to alternative uses of public agricultural research funds committed to the agricultural experiment stations of 10 western states of the United States over the years 1967-91. A model of expected utility maximization …

Rotational Structure Of Extremely Floppy Van Der Waals Complexes: Adiabatic Separation Of Angular And Radial Motion, P. Daniel Ward

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The adiabatic or Born-Oppenheimer approximation is often used in molecular calculations to simplify the solution to the Schrödinger equation. The basis of the approximation is the large difference in the relative motions of the nuclei and electrons in the molecule—the electrons are able to respond almost instantly to the movements of the nuclei. Thus, the nuclei may be regarded as being fixed in a certain position and the Schrödinger equation can then be solved using the potential obtained by solving the electronic problem at fixed nuclear configuration.

A similar argument can be used to decouple the angular and radial motions …

Race, Gender And Performance In Grace Nichols’S The Fat Black Woman’S Poems, Maite Escudero

Journal of International Women's Studies

From the Article:

In a world of diverse cultures and societal beliefs, marginalized groups often share common experiences. Recurrent themes in the literature of black peoples include anti-imperialism, racism, sexism, exile, ‘cultural schizophrenia’, language, otherness and home to ancestors, just to name a few. Yet, there is no single black voice: black writing can come from everywhere in the world – America, Africa, the Caribbean, Asia and Britain. As a result, an individual may become torn between conflicting expressions by others within the same cultural group. What is at issue here is the recognition of extraordinary variation of subjective positions …

Identification Of Fungal Pathogens Of Grasshoppers, M. J. Bidochka, Donald W. Roberts

Biology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Emissions Testing Of Two Recreational Marine Engines With Water Contact In The Exhaust Stream, Brian E. Mace

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Recreational marine engine operation effects water quality as well as air quality. Significant quantities of hydrocarbons are discharged into the rivers, lakes, and estuaries used as recreational boating waters. In order to investigate the impact of recreational marine engine operation on water quality, a MerCruiser 3.0LX four-cylinder four-stroke inboard engine and a Mercury 650 two-cylinder two-stroke outboard engine were tested using EPA required certification procedures. Both engines were tested with exhaust gas/cooling water mixing (scrubbing) in the exhaust stream using both freshwater and saltwater. Additionally, the inboard engine was tested without exhaust scrubbing. Gaseous emissions (HC, NOx, CO, and CO2) …

Web-Based Workflow In Secure Collaborative Telemedicine, Vijayanand Ranganath Bharadwaj

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Workflow involves the automation of a business process in whole or part with movement of information and tasks between parties according to a set of rules. The ubiquitous nature of the Internet and WWW prompts us to investigate how these entities can be fully exploited to improve the efficiency of any workflow process in a reliable, secure fashion.;This research effort alms to investigate the utility of the internet and specifically the WWW in providing a substrate for complex workflow and to demonstrate that workflow with a high degree of automation and ability to interface with disparate data sources can be …

Youth Leadership Life Skills Development Of Participants In The West Virginia 4-H Camping Program, Rebecca Diane Duncan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Although the development of leadership skills through the 4-H camping program is highly valued, measurement of leadership skill development of West Virginia 4-H camping program participants has been lacking. Thirteen to fifteen year old 4-H members were targeted in this study in order to gather data about leadership development among this age group.;Significant relationships were found between the total YLLSDS score and years of participation in county camp and receiving the Spirit of Camp Award. Participants also reported higher leadership scores if they had served as a Chief or Sagamore of their 4-H tribe, if they were female, and if …

Factors Influencing Ruffed Grouse Productivity And Chick Survival In West Virginia, Christopher A. Dobony

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

I examined productivity, chick mortality, and factors influencing ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) chick survival in West Virginia during 1998--1999. The proportion of hens that attempted to nest, hen success, average clutch size, and hatch dates were similar between age classes, between sites, and between years. Hatch dates were similar between age classes and between sites. Depredation was the major cause of nest failure. I examined 2 types of radio transmitter attachment methods (glue-on and collar type) to determine mortality and survival in ≤3-day-old grouse chicks. Glue-on transmitters performed poorly, whereas collar types had excellent retention time. Chick survival was low …

Heavy Metal Redistribution In Soils Using Compost As A Soil Amendment, Jason Thomas Morrison

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Organic soil amendments such as compost can reduce the availability of heavy metal contaminated soil. The objectives of this study were (1) to evaluate the efficiency of compost as an soil amendment within heavy metal contaminated soil; (2) to determine the hypoaccumulation of heavy metals in the stem, shoot, and root systems of white clover and wheat; (3) to identify movement of heavy metals within the soil; (4) to evaluate the differences of nodule formation in Trifolim repens. Three volumes of compost were added to a heavy metal contaminated soil (additions of zero, 10, and 40 percent compost, by volume). …

Aspects Of Attention That Affect Compliance And General Behavior In Disruptive And Typical Children, Holly Ann Filcheck

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Currently, there is some controversy concerning whether praise affects compliance and behavior other than compliance (i.e., general behavior) in children with disruptive behaviors. It is unclear whether it is praise or other aspects of general attention, such as descriptions and enthusiasm, that influences children's behavior. The current study examined the effects of enthusiastic praise, non-enthusiastic praise, and non-enthusiastic description on child compliance (measured by the Compliance Test) and general behavior (measured by the Marble-in-the-Hole Game) in 15 children with disruptive behavior problems and 15 typical children. Results indicated that the participants had significantly higher rates of compliance in the non-enthusiastic …

Shut Up Or Drown: Silence And Containment Of The Garrulous Woman In Medieval And Shakespearean Drama, Melissa Margaret Filosa

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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When Is A Teacher Or School Liable In Negligence?, Helen Newnham

Australian Journal of Teacher Education

The law is increasing affecting the practice of education. The most likely reason a teacher or school will face legal action is in negligence where a student has been injured while under the school’s protection. This may occur in a variety of settings. To satisfy the elements of the tort of negligence the student who becomes in law the plaintiff must prove that a duty of care was owed, that the duty was breached, by not maintaining the appropriate standard and that the injury was a reasonably foreseeable consequence of that breach of duty. It would be rare for a …

Foodborne Pathogens In Poultry Production And Post-Harvest Control, Rajesh R. Nayak

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A comprehensive ecological survey was conducted from April 1997 to June 1999 on four turkey flocks (F5-F8) to identify the preharvest sources of Salmonella colonization. Generic E. coli and total coliforms were enumerated as indicators of fecal contamination in F7 and F8. Turkey cecal and crop contents, litter, drinkers, air, feed, feeder contents, and environmental swabs were sampled and tested for Salmonella and E. coli. Salmonella was isolated from 13% of litter, 11% of turkey ceca, 10% of drinkers, and 5% of swabs. Escherichia coli and total coliforms were detected in 45 and 53% of samples, respectively. Salmonella heidelberg was …

Predicting Habitat Suitability For American Woodcock And Landscape-Level Assessment Of Habitat In West Virginia, Ann Klein Steketee

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The objectives of this study were to (1) develop models to predict potential habitat suitability for woodcock over large geographic areas in West Virginia (Chapter 4), (2) quantify and describe the local and landscape structural components and spatial patterns of woodcock habitat in the state (Chapter 3), and (3) to determine the current suitability and fate of woodcock habitat that was available in the mid-1970's (Chapter 5).;Differences between 165 woodcock flush points and 165 randomly generated points for proportion of 12 land-cover types and 4 metrics describing landscape composition and pattern were compared within 3 elevation groups and 8 spatial …

Business Is War: An Investigation Into Metaphor Use In Internet And Non-Internet Ipos, Michael W. Grieves

Student Scholarship

This study presents the results of an investigation into the use of metaphorical language in the summary and business description sections of Intial Public Offerings (IPO) prospectuses of both Internet and non-Internet companies. This research examined fifteen Internet companies and nine non-Internet companies, which were chosen at random, that completed IPOs between January 1, 1999 and August 6, 1999 for metaphorical use that was either common to both sets of companies or specific to the Internet companies. The research attempted to demonstrate that there is strong evidence for the theory that descriptive language used in the IPO prospectuses is metaphorical …

The Metaphysics Of Constituent Power: Schmitt And The Genesis Of Chile's 1980 Constitution, Renato Cristi

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.