Digital Commons Network^™

Cormorant Depredation Losses And Their Prevention At Catfish Farms: Economic Considerations, James F. Glahn, Scott J. Werner, Terry Hanson, Carole R. Engle

Human Conflicts with Wildlife: 2002 Symposium

Although several piscivorous birds are involved in depredation conflicts with southern aquaculture, the double-crested cormorant causes some of the most widespread and significant problems to catfish, the dominant industry. Unlike other agriculture commodities, catfish losses due to predation cannot be directly measured, so we review several approaches taken to estimate these losses. Although these approaches are valid for predicting the costs of simply replacing these fish at the time of predation, they have been criticized because they failed to consider the functional relationships between predation and output parameters at harvest. Recent controlled experiments are reviewed that confirm previous estimates of …

Fundamentals Of Economic Principles And Wildlife Management, Peter W. Schuhmann, Kurt A. Schwabe

Human Conflicts with Wildlife: 2002 Symposium

This paper presents an overview of the economic fundamentals involved in wildlife management, with special consideration for cases involving harmful wildlife-human interactions. The process of benefit-cost analysis is used as a unifying platform for incorporating both theoretical and empirical issues. Topics such as external market effects and public goods are detailed in order to give the reader a theoretical foundation for understanding the economic perspective on the problems associated with defining and attaining optimally managed wildlife populations. To these principles we add practical considerations for measuring the costs and benefits associated with wildlife populations. Different categories of wildlife values, such …

Damage Abatement And Compensation Programs As Incentives For Wildlife Management On Private Land, Jonathan K. Yoder

Human Conflicts with Wildlife: 2002 Symposium

Public damage abatement and compensation programs may be used to alter private incentives for damage abatement and habitat provision. A model is developed that explains the economic logic behind prevalent characteristics of public wildlife damage programs. The model is supported with an examination of a broad cross-section of wildlife agency policy and law. The model can be used by wildlife managers and policy makers as a conceptual framework for understanding the incentive effects of compensation and abatement policy.

The Endangered Species Act And Private Landowner Incentives, Jeffrey A. Michael

Human Conflicts with Wildlife: 2002 Symposium

While intended to increase the habitat available to endangered species, the restrictions of the Endangered Species Act (ESA) increase the costs of harboring an endangered species to private landowners and create incentives for private landowners to reduce habitat. This paper illustrates the incentive for habitat destruction with a simple model of private land use under the ESA, and uses it to predict the effects of changes in policy or biological conditions on private landowner incentives. Many anecdotal accounts and recent empirical research support the predictions of the model. Because of the ESA’s perverse incentives, many have proposed replacing the punitive …

Economic Considerations Of Damage Assessment, Richard M. Engeman

Human Conflicts with Wildlife: 2002 Symposium

Cost-effectiveness is the fundamental economic test of any damage control or damage mitigation strategy, and damage assessment is the essential component for determination of cost-effectiveness. However, there are many potential costs associated with making damage assessments. The sampling and measurement required to produce a damage assessment have associated effort and costs, but even greater costs can be incurred due to inappropriate management decisions resulting from inaccurate damage assessments. Other costs can result from using an assessment method that is unsuited to management objectives, or by misinterpreting or not understanding the relationship between observed damage and actual losses. The concepts of …

Impacts Of House Mice On Crops In Australia: Costs And Damage, Peter R. Brown, Grant R. Singleton

Human Conflicts with Wildlife: 2002 Symposium

Rodents cause serious losses to crops in many different parts of the world. The house mouse (Mus domesticus, Schwarz and Schwarz 1943) is a serious pest to agriculture in Australia. The impacts of house mouse damage to crops in Australia were examined. Plagues of mice (> 1,000 mice/ha) cause enormous economic and social stress to rural communities in Australia. The mouse plague in 1993/94 caused about US$60 million in damage to crops, intensive livestock industries, and rural communities. The impact of mouse plagues is generally well understood, but there is a dearth of knowledge about the relationship between …

Development Of A Model To Assess Rodent Control In Swine Facilities, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Scott E. Hygnstrom, Robert M. Timm, Robert M. Corrigan, John Beller, Larry L. Bitney, Michael C. Brumm, Daniel Meyer, Dallas R. Virchow, Robert W. Wills

Human Conflicts with Wildlife: 2002 Symposium

At the request, and with the support, of the National Pork Producers Council we are conducting a comprehensive economic analysis of rodent control in swine production facilities. The authors represent an interdisciplinary working group that has been assembled to identify all necessary input variables and values associated with rodent damage and control. The working group consists of specialists in swine production, facilities management, agricultural economics, swine health, rodent control, the pest management industry, systems modeling, and distance education. We incorporated data from the scientific literature and personal experience into an interactive STELLA systems model. The model generates benefit-cost analyses and …

Economics Of Predation Management In Relation To Agriculture, Wildlife, And Human Health And Safety, Michael J. Bodenchuk, J. Russell Mason, William C. Pitt

Human Conflicts with Wildlife: 2002 Symposium

Predation management is controversial and much recent debate has focused on the cost of management efforts. This manuscript considers the cost of predators to agriculture, big game or threatened and endangered species management, and human health and safety. Subsequently, the cost of efforts to manage predation in these contexts is discussed, and benefit:cost ratios are calculated. When properly applied, predation management shows benefit:cost ratios of between 3:1 to 27:1 for agriculture and 2:1 to 22:1 for wildlife protection. For human health and safety, benefit:cost ratios are more difficult to calculate, but we argue that benefits outweigh costs in many different …

Evaluation Of Wildlife Damage To Forests In Germany, Markus J. Schaller

Human Conflicts with Wildlife: 2002 Symposium

Legal regulations concerning wildlife damage in Germany are totally different from regulations in the United States. In certain cases German game laws provide the right to compensation for wildlife damage to forests for forest owners. But not everyone has to be compensated. Liability exists only for damage caused by hooved game, rabbits, and pheasants, and only to important local tree species (Hauptholzarten). If, for example, red deer damage an afforestation of Norway spruce (Picea abies) by browsing, normally the shooting tenant has to compensate for the damage. The most important types of damage to forests in Germany are …

Pieces Of Silver: Examples Of The Economic Impact And Management Of The Silver Gull (Larus Novaehollandiae) In Melbourne, Australia, Ian D. Temby

Human Conflicts with Wildlife: 2002 Symposium

Like a number of gull species, the silver gull Larus novaehollandiae has expanded its population in response to human food subsidy. The major anthropogenic food source is food waste at rubbish tips. Other sources of human food waste are also exploited. Many problems result from the activities of these birds, including human health and safety, economic impacts, and effects on the conservation of other species. My study examines aspects of the economic impacts of the silver gull on the human community of the Greater Melbourne Area comprising approximately 4,065 km² (1,569 square miles). My data collection method involves identifying …

Wildlife Impacts On Forest Resources, Dale L. Nolte, Mike Dykzeul

Human Conflicts with Wildlife: 2002 Symposium

The negative impacts of wildlife on forest resources can be extensive. This paper provides some insight into the economic and environmental consequences of wildlife damage to forest resources and a brief overview of the damage inflicted by select wildlife species. Probably the most thorough measure of wildlife damage to forests in the Pacific Northwest was initiated in 1963 and 1964 by the Committee on Animal Damage Survey of the Western Forestry and Conservation Association. This study estimated that 30% of the tree seedlings planted would be damaged if no preventive practices were implemented; stocking rates on unprotected sites were 75% …

The Economic Impact Of Invasive Species To Wildlife Services’ Cooperators, David L. Bergman, Monte D. Chandler, Adrienne Locklear

Human Conflicts with Wildlife: 2002 Symposium

On February 3, 1999, the president of the United States signed an Executive Order 13112 on invasive species. Each federal agency was directed to detect and respond rapidly to control populations of invasive species, monitor invasive species populations, provide for restoration of native species and habitat conditions, conduct research on invasive species and develop technologies to prevent their introduction, and promote public education on invasive species and the means to address them. The United States Department of Agriculture’s Wildlife Services Program fulfills a federal responsibility for helping solve problems which occur when human activity and wildlife, including invasive species, are …

Ruffner Roots And Ramblings, Vol. 3, Issue 2, Ruffner Family Association

Ruffner Roots & Ramblings

No abstract provided.

The Murray Ledger And Times, August 1, 2000, The Murray Ledger And Times

The Murray Ledger & Times

No abstract provided.

Ard News August 2000

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:

Comments from the Dean
ARD Advisory Council Annual Report to Faculty
Natural Resouurces and Research Update
ARD Advisory Council Election Results
Anna Elliott Proposals
Sampson Range and Pasture Management Endowments
Sampson Range and Pasture Management Endowments
Widaman Trust Distinguished Graduate Assistant Award
Hardin Distinguished Graduate Fellowship for 2000-2001
National Research Initiative Report for 1999
Shear-Miles Fellowship 2000-2001
NRC Assessment of the National Research Initiative
USDA - ARS Research Leader Dr. Philip J. Schall
USDA Science and Education Impact Sheets
Congratulations to Faculty - Successful USDA Grant Proposals
Proposals Submitted for Federal Grants
New or Revised Projects
Grants and Contracts …

Nutrient Absorption And Utilization By Wing And Flight Muscle Morphs Of The Cricket Gryllus Firmus: Implications For The Trade-Off Between Flight Capability And Early Reproduction, Anthony J. Zera, Tammy Brink

Anthony Zera Publications

Absorption efficiency (AD, approximate digestibility, assimilation efficiency) of various macronutrients and conversion of absorbed nutrients to biomass (ECD) were compared among the two types of flightless morph and the flight-capable morph of the cricket, Gryllus firmus. No biologically significant phenotypic or genetic difference in AD for carbohydrate, protein or lipid was observed among morphs fed either a high-nutrient (100%) or a low-nutrient (25%) diet. Thus, previously-documented differences among adult morphs in carbohydrate and lipid content must be caused by processes other than variation in nutrient absorption by morphs during adulthood. Relative absorption efficiency of total dry mass of food …

Has An Integrated Pest Management Approach Reduced Blackbird Damage To Sunflower?, George M. Linz, Brian D. Peer, H. Jeffrey Homan, Ryan L. Wimberly, David L. Bergman, William J. Bleier

Human Conflicts with Wildlife: 2002 Symposium

Since the mid-1970s many new and modified damage abatement methods have been implemented to reduce blackbird damage to ripening sunflower in the northern Great Plains. Concurrently, estimates were made of breeding blackbird densities and sunflower damage to track changes in population size and chart progress toward reducing damage. Breeding density estimates were made at both the regional and county levels, whereas sunflower damage estimates were made at the county level only. Periodic regional estimates of breeding densities, between 1967 and 1998, showed that numbers of red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) and yellow-headed blackbirds (Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus) did not …

Nebline, August 2000

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Handling Food Safely at Home
Controlling Undesirable Perennial Grasses in the Lawn
Purple Loosestrife Noxious Weed
Storing Extra Seeds
Your Hummingbird Feeders Should Be Up and Running
Tips for Non-toxic Cricket and Spider Control
West Nile Virus and Rabbit Calcivirus Disease Alerts
New Website Help for Wildlife Damage Problems
Be Wary of Nitrate, Prussic Acid Poisoning This Summer
Deadline Approaches to Terminate Farm Leases
Fuel Price Adds $10 Per Acre to Irrigation Cost
Protect Hearing on the Farm
The Financial Plan
Marketing Strategies
Avoid Foliar Diseases on Tomatoes
Blight Affects Junipers, Windbreaks
Drinking Water Questions and Answers
200 Youth Explore …

Augbb2000, Robert Kelly

Robert Kelly Manuscripts

From August 2000 Robert Kelly Archive.

Juvenile Gangs In Schools: Characteristics, Causes, And Possible Solutions, Gordon A. Crews

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

The purpose of this seminar is to acquaint participants with the ever-changing characteristics, often conflicting issues of causation, and various proposed solutions to the myriad of problems associated with gangs in schools. Special attention is given to the evolving nature of gangs in K-12 educational institutions (e.g., new types of juvenile groups developing and their associated behavior). Traditional subjects such as gang recruitment, initiation, and criminal activity are examined by discussing the many ways they manifest themselves in the school setting. Finally, a conceptual framework is presented by which a school can identify, understand, and begin to address a potential …

The Texas Caver, Volume 45, No. 4, July-August 2000, Joe Ivy, Rebecca Jones

The Texas Caver

Contents: Editorial: Why Survey? -- Cave Exploration, Cave Conservation -- Cave Surveying: The Sketcher's Burden, Setting Stations, Survey --Standards for Colorado Bend, Principles of Measurement -- Book Reviews: Survey Books -- Equipment: Survey Instruments -- Project Reports: Bustamante, Charco -- Accident Report: 0-9 Well -- Trip Reports: Caving in Paradise, Finally, Fitton!, 0-9 Well -- The Bifocaled Caver -- Vertical Techniques - Self-Belay Treadmill -- From the Files of the TSS -- Lost Caves of Texas - Culberson County -- TSA News: Spring Convention 2000, Spring Business Meeting -- Grotto Reports

An Analysis Of The Influence Of Age And Ionizing Radiation On Cognitive Performance, Elizabeth L. Gerhardt

Master's Theses - Daytona Beach

This thesis was designed to study whether age has a significant effect on cognitive test results among persons exposed to ionizing radiation. The data for this investigation came from the fourth year of a 1995-98 longitudinal study of subjects exposed to radiation from the 1986 Chernobyl, Ukraine, nuclear power plant accident. Accuracy and efficiency scores from four cognitive tests taken by 84 Ukrainian volunteers were divided into two age groups and three radiation dosage groups for analysis. The results of this study found that decrements in human performance on tasks involving spatial processing increase with age in persons who have …

Forage News [2000-08], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Southern Beef Day Set for October 6 in Somerset
• Late Summer Forage Establishment
• Hay Contest Can Mean Big Bucks at Southern Beef Day
• AFGC Conference
• Extending Pasture Through Stockpiling
• Upcoming Events

Farm-Level Characteristics Of Southern Nebraska Farms/Ranches With Annually-Planted Crops, John M. Antle, Susan M. Capalbo, Christine N. Heggem, Richard T. Clark, Nancy Norton, Roger Selley

Department of Agricultural Economics: Presentations, Working Papers, and Gray Literature

The information presented in this report represents data collected from farming and ranching operations in the southern two tiers of counties in Nebraska. This study was based on a random sample of 15 1 southern Nebraska farms that have annually-planted crop acreage. Information was obtained for the 1997 crop year. This data set is referred to as the MSU/UNL survey data.

From the MSU/UNL survey data, the average size of the farming operations in the survey, in 1997, was 1,3 16 acres. Of these, 856 acres were planted to annual crops, and the remaining 460 acres included 61 acres in …

Cave Research Foundation Newsletter, Volume 28, No. 1, August 2000, Paul Nelson

Cave Research Foundation Newsletter

Contents: Hamilton Valley Update -- Message from the Editor -- Make Freeman Pay! -- President's Column: Timing is Everything -- Cave Research Foundation Open House & Dedication -- The Eighth Mammoth Cave Science Conference, October 5 & 6, 2000 -- CRF Annual Meeting, November 10-12th, St. Louis, Missouri -- Hawaii 2000 Report -- Hamilton Valley Building Project Supporters -- Clear Out Your Closet! and Raise $$$ for the Hamilton Valley Research Station -- Books, Books, Books! -- Tom Poulson Retirement -- Lava Beds Research Center Needs Your Help!! -- Book Reviews -- Regional Expedition Reports -- Calendar

Water Balance During Real And Simulated Long-Distance Migratory Flight In The Bar-Tailed Godwit, Meta M. Landys, Theunis Piersma, G. Henk Visser, Joop Jukema, Arnold Wijker

Condor

No abstract provided.

Rapd-Pcr Amplification Of Dna Extracted From Avian Blood Infected With Haemoproteus Fails To Produce False Positive Markers, Patrick W. Zwartjes, John A. Hinda

Condor

No abstract provided.

The Spatial Response Of Male Hooded Warblers To Edges In Isolated Fragments, D. Ryan Norris, Bridget J. Stutchbury, Trevor E. Pitcher

Condor

No abstract provided.

Inbreeding Depression And Its Effects On Natal Dispersal In Red-Cockaded Woodpeckers, Susan J. Daniels, Jeffrey R. Walters

Condor

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Forest Fragment Size And Successional Stage On Mixed-Species Bird Flocks In Southeastern Brazil, Marcos Maldonado-Coelho, Miguel A. Marini

Condor

No abstract provided.