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200,000 Years Of Climate Change Recorded In Eolian Sediments Of The High Plains Of Eastern Colorado And Western Nebraska, Daniel R. Muhs, James Swinehart, David Loope, John N. Aleinikoff, Josh Been

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Loess and eolian sand cover vast areas of the western Great Plains of Nebraska, Kansas and Colorado (Fig. 1). In recent studies of Quaternary climate change, there has been a renewed interest in loess and eolian sand. Much of the attention now given to loess stems from new studies of long loess sequences that contain detailed records of Quaternary glacial-interglacial cycles, thought to be a terrestrial equivalent to the foraminiferal oxygen isotope record in deep-sea sediments (Fig. 2). Loess is also a direct record of atmospheric circulation, and identification of loess paleowinds in the geologic record can test atmospheric general …

Slip-Parallel Seismic Lineations On The Northern Hayward Fault, California, Felix Waldhauser, William L. Ellsworth, Alex Cole

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

A high-resolution relative earthquake location procedure is used to image the fine-scale seismicity structure of the northern Hayward fault, California. The seismicity defines a narrow, near-vertical fault zone containing horizontal alignments of hypocenters extending along the fault zone. The lineations persist over the 15-year observation interval, implying the localization of conditions on the fault where brittle failure conditions are met. The horizontal orientation of the lineations parallels the slip direction of the fault, suggesting that they are the result of the smearing of frictionally weak material along the fault plane over thousands of years.

The Insignificance Of Statistical Significance Testing, Douglas H. Johnson

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Despite their wide use in scientific journals such as The Journal of Wildlife Management, statistical hypothesis tests add very little value to the products of research. Indeed, they frequently confuse the interpretation of data. This paper describes how statistical hypothesis tests are often viewed, and then contrasts that interpretation with the correct one. I discuss the arbitrariness of P-values, conclusions that the null hypothesis is true, power analysis, and distinctions between statistical and biological significance. Statistical hypothesis testing, in which the null hypothesis about the properties of a population is almost always known a priori to be false, is …

Late Quaternary Loess In Northeastern Colorado: Part I—Age And Paleoclimatic Significance, Daniel R. Muhs, John N. Aleinikoff, Thomas W. Stafford Jr., Rolf Kihl, Josh Been, Shannon A. Mahan, Scott Cowherd

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Loess in eastern Colorado covers an estimated 14,000 km², and is the westernmost part of the North American midcontinent loess province. Stratigraphic studies indicate there were two periods of loess deposition in eastern Colorado during late Quaternary time. The first period spanned ca. 20,000 to 12,000 ¹⁴C yr B.P. (ca. 20–14 ka) and correlates reasonably well with the culmination and retreat of Pinedale glaciers in the Colorado Front Range during the last glacial maximum. The second period of loess deposition occurred between ca. 11,000 and 9,000 ¹⁴C yr B.P. This interval may be Holocene or may …

Late Quaternary Loess In Northeastern Colorado: Part Ii—Pb Isotopic Evidence For The Variability Of Loess Sources, John N. Aleinikoff, Daniel R. Muhs, Rebecca R. Sauer, C. Mark Fanning

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

A new application of the Pb isotopic tracer technique has been used to determine the relative importance of different silt sources for late Wisconsin loess in the central Great Plains of eastern Colorado. Samples of the Peoria Loess collected throughout the study area contain K-feldspar derived from two isotopically and genetically distinct sources: (1) glaciogenic material from Early and Middle Proterozoic crystalline rocks of the Colorado province, and (2) volcaniclastic material from the Tertiary White River Group exposed on the northern Great Plains. Pb isotopic compositions of K-feldspar in loess from two dated vertical sections (at Beecher Island and Last …

Predation Of Artificial Ground Nests On White-Tailed Prairie Dog Colonies, Bruce W. Baker, Thomas R. Stanley, James A. Sedgwick

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Prairie dog (Cynomys spp.) colonies are unique to prairie and shrub-steppe landscapes. However, widespread eradication, habitat loss, and sylvatic plague (Yersinia pestis) have reduced their numbers by 98% since historical times. Birds associated with prairie dogs also are declining. Potential nest predators, such as coyotes (Canis latrans), swift foxes (Vulpes velox), and badgers (Taxidea taxus), may be attracted to colonies where a high concentration of prairie dogs serve as available prey. Increased abundance of small mammals, including prairie dogs, also may increase the risk of predation for birds nesting on colonies. …

Atrazine Degradation In A Small Stream In Iowa, Dana W. Kolpin, Stephen J. Kalkhoff

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

A study was conducted during 1990 through an 11.2-km reach of Roberts Creek in northeastern Iowa to determine the fate of atrazine in a surface water environment. Water samples were collected at ~1-month intervals from April through November during stable low to medium flow conditions and analyzed for atrazine and two of its initial biotic degradation products, desethylatrazine and deisopropylatrazine. Samples were collected on the basis of a Lagrangian model of streamflow in order to sample the same parcel of water as it moved downstream. Atrazine concentrations substantially decreased (roughly 25-60% ) between water entering and exiting the study reach …

Are Shifts In Herbicide Use Reflected In Concentration Changes In Midwestern Rivers?, William Battaglin, Donald Goolsby

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

In many Midwestern rivers, elevated concentrations of herbicides occur during runoff events for 1-3 months following application. The highest or “peak” herbicide concentration often occurs during one of these runoff events. Herbicide concentrations in rivers are affected by a number of factors, including herbicide use patterns within the associated basin. Changing agricultural practices, reductions in recommended and permitted herbicide applications, shifts to new herbicides, and greater environmental awareness in the agricultural community have resulted in changes to herbicide use patterns. In the Midwestern United States, alachlor use was much larger in 1989 than in 1995, while acetochlor was not used …

Negative Ph, Efflorescent Mineralogy, And Consequences For Environmental Restoration At The Iron Mountain Superfund Site, California, D. Kirk Nordstrom, Charles N. Alpers

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The Richmond Mine of the Iron Mountain copper deposit contains some of the most acid mine waters ever reported. Values of pH have been measured as low as -3.6, combined metal concentrations as high as 200 g/liter, and sulfate concentrations as high as 760 g/liter. Copious quantities of soluble metal sulfate salts such as melanterite, chalcanthite, coquimbite, rhomboclase, voltaite, copiapite, and halotrichite have been identified, and some of these are forming from negative-pH mine waters. Geochemical calculations show that, under a mine-plugging remediation scenario, these salts would dissolve and the resultant 600,000-m³ mine pool would have a pH of …

The Kinetic Cluster-Field Method And Its Application To Studies Of L12-Type Orderings In Alloys, Kirill D. Belashchenko, V Yu Dobretsov, I R Pankratov, G D Samolyuk, V G Vaks

Kirill Belashchenko Publications

The earlier-described master equation approach to configurational kinetics of nonequilibrium alloys is applied to study L1₂-type orderings in FCC alloys. We describe the kinetic tetrahedron cluster-field method which generalizes a similar method used for equilibrium systems to the case of non-equilibrium alloys. The method developed is used to simulate A1 → L1₂ and A1 → A1 + L1₂ transformations after a quench of an alloy from the disordered A1 phase to the single-phase L1₂ state or the two-phase A1 + L1₂ state for a number of alloy models with both short-range and long-range interactions. …

Kinetic Features Of Alloy Ordering With Many Types Of Ordered Domain: D03-Type Orderings, Kirill D. Belashchenko, G D Samolyuk, V G Vaks

Kirill Belashchenko Publications

The earlier-described master equation approach to the configurational kinetics of nonequilibrium alloys is used to study kinetic features of ‘multivariant’ orderings for which more than two types of ordered domain are possible. To this end we make extensive simulations of various phase transformations involving D0₃-type orderings for a number of alloy models. The microscopic structure of various antiphase boundaries in the D0₃ phase is also studied. A consistent approach to describing the effect of elastic forces on microstructural evolution is outlined and used to study the kinetics of a multivariant ordering accompanied by alloy decomposition. Our simulations …

Meningeal Worm In Free-Ranging Deer In Nebraska, David W, Oates, Mauritz C. Sterner, David J. Steffen

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The meningeal worm (Parelaphostrongylus tenuis) was found in 22 (7%) of 300 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) (257 adults, 43 fawns) examined from Nebraska (USA) during November 1996. None of 53 mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) (47 adults and 6 fawns) examined were infected. Twenty-two white-tailed deer from 18 counties in eastern Nebraska were infected with Parelaphostrongylus tenuis. This is the first record of P. tenuis in white-tailed deer from this state.

Mary Sue Deloach Smith Papers, Zach S. Henderson Library Special Collections

Finding Aids

This collection consists of materials created and collected by Mary Sue Deloach Smith as part of her 1999 dissertation, What did it mean to be a boarding teacher in a rural Bulloch County community in the 1930s and 1940s. Materials include In-depth interviews with fourteen people who worked as boarding teachers in Bulloch County, 1930-1940s, and transcription. Additional materials include three commissary account books for John H. Brannen farm, six miles west of Statesboro from 1929-1950s.

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George H. Shriver Papers, Zach S. Henderson Library Special Collections

Finding Aids

The collection consists of the professional and personal papers of Georgia Southern Professor Emeritus, George H. Shriver. Materials span from 1958 to 2009 and include correspondence, teaching materials, published articles, and manuscripts related to religion in the American South. Box 9 consists of an accrual of additional papers from Wake Forest University, which has been kept separate from the original collection. Additional materials related to Shriver’s coaching career for Georgia Southern’s Lady Eagles Tennis team are also included.

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Peter L. L. Strickland Collection, Zach S. Henderson Library Special Collections

Finding Aids

This collection contains materials collected by Peter L. L. Strickland related to various branches of his family history. Materials include photographs, correspondence, legal and military documents, news clippings, printed books, and other materials dating from 1872-1994. Individuals represented in the collection include Peter L. L. Strickland. Ina Martin Porter, Erline Porter Strickland, Dempsey Marvin, Lennie Arsenia (Hodges) Strickland, John “Duffy” Rodgers, Laura (Blitch) Rodgers, Mollie (Hearn) Rogers, Dwight Kennedy, Michael Kennedy, William Rodgers, Geraldine Rogers, and Alline Adams.

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Francis Harper Papers, Zach S. Henderson Library Special Collections

Finding Aids

This collection consists of the professional and personal papers of Cornell-trained naturalist Dr. Francis Harper. Materials span 1904-1972 and include field notebooks, correspondence, photographs, and audiovisual materials documenting the plant and animal life as well as human ecology of the Okefenokee Swamp area of South Georgia. The photographs within Series 1 show the flora, fauna, and people of the Okefenokee swamp. The photographs were taken by the Harpers while on their trips to the swamp. Photographs are all in black and white and range in size. The Field Journals chronicle his travels in the okefenokee, Canada, and New England. Materials …

Trapping Considerations For The Fossorial Pocket Gopher, Gary W. Witmer, Rex Marsh, George Matschke

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Fossorial mammals such as the pocket gopher (Thomomys spp.) are well adapted to life in an underground closed burrow system. These animals can have considerable influence on ecosystems and can cause significant damage to agricultural crops, forest resources, and field machinery. The research and management of pocket gopher populations poses many challenges to land managers and research biologists. Both live-trapping for research purposes and kill trapping for control purposes are important tools for working with pocket gophers. Trapping can be an effective and efficient tool if the proper traps are used and trappers are trained to place traps properly …

Book Review. National Security And Environmental Protection: The Half-Full Glass, John S. Applegate

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

A Tale Of The Apocryphal Axe: Repair, Reconstruction, And The Implied License In Intellectual Property Law, Mark D. Janis

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

Constitutional Tales Of Violence: Populists, Outgroups, And The Multicultural Landscape Of The Second Amendment, David C. Williams

Articles by Maurer Faculty

Traditionally, populists have claimed the Second Amendment as their particular cultural property; by contrast, outgroups and elites have found the Amendment somewhat culturally alien. Recently, some outgroup members have argued that their groups ought to embrace the Amendment because the right to keep and bear arms can be a valuable way of resisting populist oppression. This Article explores this changing multicultural landscape of the Second Amendment It recognizes that in particular instances and in the short term, outgroups might need to arm themselves against hate violence. It argues, however, that only a consensus culture on the use of violence will …

Learning From Nepa: Some Guidelines For Responsible Federal Risk Legislation, John S. Applegate, Celia Campbell-Mohn

Articles by Maurer Faculty

The past three or more Congresses have seen substantial efforts to enact "risk reform" legislation that would require environmental, health, and safety regulations to be adopted following the performance of risk assessments modeled on quantitative risk assessment methods for carcinogens. While such a requirement has potentially beneficial effects on the quality of the resulting rules, there is also a substantial potential for mischief by reorienting substantive environmental, health, and safety regulation, and by introducing substantial new costs and delays into the regulatory process. This article, which is derived from a report by the authors to support an American Bar Association …

The International Legal Implications Of "Non-Lethal" Weapons, David P. Fidler

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

Relevance, Reliability, And Validity Of Scientific Evidence (Reviewing Judging Science: Scientific Knowledge And The Federal Courts, By Kenneth R. Foster & Peter W. Huber), Robert Timothy Reagan

Oklahoma Law Review

No abstract provided.

Commercial Law: Determining Repugnancy In An Electronic Age: Excluded Transactions Under Electronic Writing And Signature Legislation, Christopher B. Woods

Oklahoma Law Review

No abstract provided.

Racial And Ethnic Studies, Political Science And Mid-Wifery, Vine Deloria Jr., David E. Wilkins

Jepson School of Leadership Studies articles, book chapters and other publications

One of the major fallacies of Western civilization, according to Alfred North Whitehead,' was the propensity of Western thinkers to assume that ideas generated within their intellectual landscape were indicative of reality itself. Although some phases of Western science, notably physics and philosophy, have transcended their parochial origins, aspects of the old medieval synthesis still remain in the Western worldview. The gradual fragmentation of the old categories of natural history and theology into the isolated sciences and disciplines of today has produced a myriad of separate bodies of knowledge complete with their professional priesthoods and has allowed considerable slippage in …

Roberto Busa, S.J., And The Invention Of The Machine-Generated Concordance, Thomas Nelson Winter

Department of Classics and Religious Studies: Faculty Publications

This is a story from early in the technological revolution, when the application was out searching for the hardware, from a time before the Internet, a time before the PC, before the chip, before the mainframe. From a time even before programming itself.

Tasman's 1957 prophecy was no shot in the dark. His view of the future was a projection from his recent past. Thomas J. Watson, Sr. had assigned him in 1949 to be IBM liaison and support person for a young Jesuit's daring project to produce an index to the complete writings of St. Thomas Aquinas. First, Tasman's …

Communication Of Social Support In Computer-Mediated Groups For People With Disabilities, Dawn O. Braithwaite, Vincent R. Waldron, Jerry Finn

Department of Communication Studies: Faculty Publications

This study documented the types and extent of social support messages exchanged by persons with disabilities who participated in a computer-based support group. A modified version of Cutrona and Suhr’s (1992) social support category system was used to code 1,472 support messages. The largest percentage of these messages offered emotional and informational support, whereas network support and tangible assistance were least frequently offered. It appeared that many of the support messages directly redressed limitations and challenges associated with disability-related mobility, socialization, and self-care. Results are discussed in terms of the generalizability of existing category systems for coding support to this …

Transition From Research To Operations: Arktos - A Knowledge-Based Sea Ice Classification System, Cheryl Bertoia, Denise Gineris, Kim Partington, Leen-Kiat Soh, Costas Tsatsoulis

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

ARKTOS is a fully automated intelligent system that classifies sea ice and that is now being used by the U.S. National Ice Center (NIC) for daily operations related to the NIC’s task of mapping the ice covered oceans. In this paper we describe the process of taking a research project and transitioning it to an operational environment. We discuss the theoretical methodologies implemented in ARKTOS, and how ARKTOS was developed, tested, and finally moved to operations.

Empirical Computation Of Reject Ratio In Vlsi Testing, Shashank K. Mehta, Sharad C. Seth

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

Among significant components of testing cost are testlength, reject ratio, and lost-yield. In this paper a new approach is proposed to estimate the reject ratio. The empirical model is based on test-data properties that are believed to be invariant for a wide range of manufacturing technologies and types of tests. The analysis is carried out entirely in terms of the device test data, as might be available from wafer probe. Experimental results demonstrate robustness of the model.

A Synthesis For Testability Scheme For Finite State Machines Using Clock Control, Kent L. Einspahr, Shashank K. Mehta, Sharad C. Seth

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

A new method is proposed for improving the testability of a finite state machine (FSM) during its synthesis. The method exploits clock control to enhance the controllability and observability of machine states. With clock control it is possible to add new state transitions during testing. Therefore, it is easier to navigate between states in the resulting test machine. Unlike prior work, where clock control is added to the circuit as a postdesign step, here, clock control is considered in conjunction with a symbolic scheme for encoding the states of the FSM. The encoding is shown to result in significant reductions …