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The Modes Of Action Of Toxicants On The Cardiac Physiology Of The Blue Mussel, Mytilus Edulis, And The Common Shore Crab, Carcinus Maenas, Timothy Mark Curtis

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

The primary aim of this thesis was to establish the mode of action of the heavy metal, copper, on the cardiac physiology of the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis. Exposure of specimens of M.edulis to dissolved copper led to a decrease in heart rate and an increase in heart rate variability (HRV). The concentration of copper causing a 50% reduction in heart rate was found to be 0.8µM, while the concentration causing a 50% increase in HRV was 0.06µM (48 h EC50s). Simultaneous measurements of valve activity indicated that the observed bradycardia was not caused by valve closure. Subsequently, it was …

Physiological Responses Of Gracilariopsis Longissima To Copper Exposure, James Edward Newman

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Seaweeds fulfil many of the criteria regarded as being important for a good biomonitor. They are known to accumulate trace metals and the concentration of these metals measured in the thalli of native populations has been related to the level of contamination in the surrounding water. However, this passive biomonitoring approach has been of limited use and the relationship between the concentration of metal in the seaweed and that in the surrounding environment is not always apparent. The aim of this study was to investigate the response of the rhodophyte Gracilariopsis longissima to copper exposure, in the laboratory and field, …

School-Based Primary Prevention Programs For Eating Disorders, Suzanne D. Holmes

Graduate Research Papers

The primary purpose of this paper is to provide an extensive review of the literature and research related to anorexia nervosa, and to emphasize the importance of prevention programs in school settings and the role of school psychologists in the prevention and intervention process. Chapter two of this paper covers anorexia nervosa and the theories regarding its etiology, complications, co-morbidities, risk factors, and treatment. Because anorexia nervosa is a disorder which most frequently begins during adolescence, chapter three addresses the specific factors of adolescence that can lead to eating disorders.

Throughout the paper, there is an emphasis on the lack …

The Nature And Extent Of Worksite Nonsmoking Policies Of Selected Agencies And Organizations In The Cedar Falls/Waterloo, Ia Metropolitan Area, Dawn Renee Schroeck

Graduate Research Papers

The purpose of this study was to examine and describe the nature and extent of worksite nonsmoking policies of selected organizations and agencies in the Cedar Falls/Waterloo, IA metropolitan area. Subproblems were to identify procedures related to policy enforcement, documented benefits, incentives for compliance, and disciplinary measures for noncompliance.

The Internet And Education : Uses And Issues, Ronald William Fitch

Graduate Research Papers

The purpose of this paper is two-fold. First, to provide a short overview of how the Internet, especially e-mail and the World Wide Web (WWW), is used in education for all age groups, elementary school through university and corporate training. Second, to examine current issues surrounding the use of the Internet in education. This paper will answer the question "What is the current state of the Internet in education?" Educational uses of the Internet as supplemental tools to classroom learning will be defined and discussed.

Biochemical Characterization Of Elastase Frompseudomonas Aeruginosa Ses 938-1, Semra Kocabiyik, Ezgi Ergi̇n

Turkish Journal of Biology

We have investigated some biochemical properties of elastase from a new strain o f Pseudomonas aeruginosa (SES 938-1). Activities were measured at 410 nm using N-succinyl-L-(ala) 3 -p- nitroanilide as substrate. The elastase activity followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics over the substrate range of 0.067-0.540 mM with the apparent K m value of 0.375 mM. Optimum activity was observed at 36 °C and pH 7.5. elastase activity was inhibited by metal chelating agents and high concentrations of Mn 2+ , Zn 2+ and Ni 2+ . The results obtained suggest that elastase from P. aeruginosa SES 938-1 is a neutral metalloproteinase.

South Dakota State University Employees Cookbook, South Dakota State University

South Dakota Community Cookbook Collection

Meat and Fish -- Casseroles, Soups and Stews -- Vegetables and Salads -- Breads and Muffins -- Bars, Crisps and Cookies -- Desserts, Pies, Cakes and Frostings -- Candy and Sweets -- This and that.

Another Weapon For Combating Family Violence: Prevention Of Animal Abuse, Charlotte Lacroix

Animal Law Review

Dr. Lacroix discusses the correlation between different forms of family violence and suggests that family pets are just an­other victim. Dr. Lacroix proposes that stronger animal an­ticruelty laws may be part of the solution to reducing family violence because they enhance the likelihood of detection of an offender's abusive behavior.

If Animal Rights Activists Could Write Federal Research Policy, Vasanth R. Shenai

Animal Law Review

Mr. Shenai examines animal rights in the context of federal animal testing. After discussing current federal research policy and the positions held by animal rights advocates, he proposes a new statute to accommodate all interests in society as well as the rights of the animals being considered for testing.

The Economics Of Violence: Why Freedom From Domestic Violence Must Be Treated As A Developmental Right In International Law, Kelsey S. Barnes

University of Miami International and Comparative Law Review

No abstract provided.

Decisions At The End Of Life, Catherine A. Marco

Emergency Medicine Faculty Publications

As members of the Church, we believe that our Heavenly Father, in His divine judgment, chooses the appropriate time of death, the essential step and passageway to the next and more perfect life. Although medical technology has created many possibilities for increasing the quality and duration of life in many cases, its use must be appropriately and cautiously implemented. The role of medicine and technology should be to assist in providing cure and comfort to patients in need, rather than the artificial postponement of the natural process of dying.

Federal Indian Law, Timothy M. Reynolds

Denver Law Review

No abstract provided.

When Species Collide: An Analysis Of The Use Of Anencephalic Infants And Non-Human Animals As Organ Donors, Mary Ann Palese Chandler

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

This article examines the organ transplant problem with a focus on these two potential sources. Part II exposes the problem which, simply stated, is that a serious shortage of transplantable organs makes identification of new sources of donor organs a necessity. Part III deals with the anencephalic infant as a source of organs. It discusses the nature of this fatal birth defect, the manner in which these infants have been dealt with in the past, and how they are treated today. The article goes on to discuss why these infants may be a valuable potential source of organs for pediatric …

Keeping Pace: A New Paradigm For The Ethical Use Of Medical Technology, Kay Ely-Pierce

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

Advances in health care technology have forged a mighty sword in the ongoing battle against illness and death. That sword, however, is doubleedged and unfortunately has not been presented with guidance for its judicious use. Our health care system provides the technological power to prolong life, or perhaps more accurately to "sustain bodily functions" indefinitely, yet it has not compelled us, as a society, to seriously ask, "should we?" And, if we should, "when and for whom, and under what circumstances?" This is the ethical legacy of health care in the 20th century. There is but a short time to …

Liver Transplant Dilemma: The Alcoholic, Medicaid Patient, Vanessa Williamson

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

A case scenario on Ivan Bradford. Ivan is a fifty-five year old, white male in need of a liver transplant. Ivan has been an alcoholic since he was thirty-two years old, and has developed an irreversible advanced liver disease, cirrhosis. In essence, the disease is the end result in scarring of the liver due to prolonged alcohol abuse. This scarring prevents the liver from performing many of its vital functions. Without a liver transplant Ivan will die.

Health Law, Christyne J. Vachon

Denver Law Review

No abstract provided.

Assessing The Quality Of Reproductive Health Services, Raeda Al Qutob, Salah Mawajdeh, Laila Nawar, Salama Saidi, Firas Raad

Reproductive Health

This paper offers a broad definition of quality of care and presents a comprehensive conceptual framework for the assessment of quality of reproductive health services and methodological approaches for its measurement. It presents three studies that were conducted between 1990 and 1991 by members of the regional Reproductive Health Working Group from Egypt, Jordan, and Tunisia. The studies provide examples of applications of the framework and its measurement using multiple data sources. Selected findings are presented to illustrate comparative results between countries. Based on the lessons learned from the studies, examples of reproductive health interventions that may improve the quality …

Advances And Challenges In Postabortion Care Operations Research: Summary Report Of A Global Meeting, Dale Huntington

Reproductive Health

The Global Meeting on Postabortion Care: Advances and Challenges in Operations Research was held at the Population Council’s New York office on January 19–21, 1998, to review progress made by three regional operations research (OR) projects in improving delivery of postabortion care. The resources of the three OR contracts were pooled, and, in collaboration with Ipas and the Ebert Program, approximately 65 researchers, senior program managers, and government officials from Africa, Latin America, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia were convened. Three objectives guided the planning of the meeting: review progress in the development of OR methodologies pertaining to postabortion …

Strengthening Rti/Std Services: Lessons Learned From A Pilot Project, Ismat Bhuiya, Ubaidur Rob

Reproductive Health

The national family planning and maternal child health (FP-MCH) program in Bangladesh has raised FP acceptance among couples of reproductive age significantly. A major challenge still facing the program, however, is strengthening its reproductive health (RH) component. The Population Council launched a pilot project to examine the feasibility of strengthening comprehensive reproductive tract infection (RTI) and sexually transmitted disease (STD) services at the Health and Family Welfare Center level. The project had three phases. First, a needs assessment was conducted. Then the components of the intervention were identified, designed, and implemented. And at the third phase, an evaluation was carried …

Analysis Of Price Change On The Perceptions And Use Of Dmpa Among Clients Using Reproductive Health Services In Uttar Pradesh, India, Leila Caleb-Varkey, John Townsend, Sneh Vishwanath, Sudha Tiwari

Reproductive Health

Depo-medroxy Progesterone Acetate (DMPA) is a progesterone-only injectable contraceptive that has been approved by the Government of India for provision in the commercial sector, where it is marketed under the brand name Depo-Provera. In 1996, it was available at rates between Rs. 140 to Rs. 180 per injection. At this price it is often beyond the reach of many women wanting a safe and effective contraceptive. In January 1996, DMPA was provided to women in three cities of Uttar Pradesh through Parivar Seva Sanstha’s (PSS) clinics at Rs. 150. In July 1996, as part of operations research (OR), the price …

Workshop On Youth Across Asia, John Townsend, Ann P. Mccauley, Kokila Agarwal

Reproductive Health

The issues facing youth across Asia are as diverse as the cultures they represent. Issues involving schooling, employment, sexuality, and marriage take on increased significance for young people aged 10–24 in every country. Decisions made by youth and their families will dramatically affect their individual welfare. Few programs outside of public education systems exist at a sufficiently large scale to assist youth. Decisions to stay in school, opportunities to learn skills and manage resources, the exercise of sexual responsibility, and the process of family formation all impact both personal welfare and community development. Gender-equality issues compound many of the problems. …

Factors Affecting The Outputs And Costs Of Community-Based Distribution Of Family Planning Services In Tanzania, Jane Chege, Naomi Rutenberg, Barbara Janowitz, Andrew Thompson

Reproductive Health

This study assesses the cost-effectiveness of reimbursement schemes for community-based distribution (CBD) programs in Tanzania, and answers whether agents who receive monetary incentives perform better and are more cost-effective than those that receive nonmonetary incentives. Fieldwork was undertaken in April and May 1997, and data forming the basis of the analysis was collected from four CBD programs. These programs vary in their remuneration schemes and status of their CBD agents, size, and geographical coverage; the range of activities undertaken by the agents; and supervision and management structures. As noted in this report, CBD agents who receive monetary remuneration see more …

Recherches Opérationnelles Sur Les Soins Post-Abortum: Progrès Et Défis. Compte Rendu D'Une Réunion Mondiale, Dale Huntington

Reproductive Health

Les femmes qui ont subi des complications à la suite d’un avortement incomplet sont parmi les patientes les plus négligées des soins de santé de la reproduction. Une réunion mondiale sur le thème des recherches opérationnelles sur les soins post-abortum a été organisée au Population Council du 19 au 21 janvier 1998; elle a permis de faire le point sur les progrès réalisés grâce aux trois projets régionaux de recherches opérationnelles sur l’amélioration des prestations de soins post-abortum. Trois objectifs ont été poursuivis lors de la planification de la réunion : 1) examen des progrès accomplis concernant la mise au …

Evaluation De La Prise En Charge De La Maternité Sans Risque Et De La Survie De L'Enfant Au Niveau Communautaire De Bazéga, Direction De La Santé Et De La Famille (Dsf), University Of Ouagadougou Demographic Research Unit (Uerd), Mwangaza, Population Council

Reproductive Health

No abstract provided.

Analyse Situationnelle Des Programmes De Santé De La Reproduction, Population Council

Reproductive Health

En 1997, le Ministère de la Santé, en collaboration avec la mission de l'USAID en Guinée, a lancé un programme quinquennal "Pour Renforcer les Interventions en Santé Reproductif et MST/SIDA" (PRISM). Afin de mieux planifier ce nouveau programme de Santé de la Reproduction, et surtout de mesurer son impact sur les indicateurs clés de qualité de service, des données complètes et fiables sur les différents sous-systèmes cliniques étaient indispensables. Cette étude sert à établir des données de base et fournit des informations qui seront utiles pour développer les activités du programme. Les objectifs spécifiques sont : d'évaluer la qualité et …

Evaluation De La Stratégie De Reconversion Des Exciseuses Pour L'Eradication Des Mutilations Génitales Féminines Au Mali, Population Council

Reproductive Health

No abstract provided.

Family Planning Operations Research: A Book Of Readings, James R. Foreit, Tomas Frejka

Reproductive Health

For as long as there have been family planning programs, there has been family planning research. At the theoretical level, researchers examine the effect of fertility on health and socioeconomic development and study the determinants of fertility for individuals and populations. At the policy level, studies explore the role of family planning programs in modifying fertility and health. The development of new contraceptives is accompanied by clinical and pre-introductory trials in program settings. Surveys measure changes in contraceptive use and fertility, and the results are used to make decisions affecting programs. Finally, programs themselves carry out operations research (OR) to …

Integrating Rti Case Management Within Lgu Health Centers: An Intervention Study, Marilou P. Costello, Carmeli Marie Chaves, Chona R. Echavez, Jesus Encena, Jocelyn Ilagan, Orlando Pagulayan

Reproductive Health

In 1994, the Philippines’ Department of Health began assessing the feasibility of syndromic management—utilizing flowcharts and algorithms—for reproductive tract infections (RTIs) in the country’s public health facilities. This intervention, in seven primary health care clinics, trained service providers on RTI case management, improved clinical facilities and laboratories, provided supportive supervision and TA, along with developing training materials. Clinical case management was observed for a six month period. The project also included a cost analysis.

A Study Of Women's Preferences Regarding The Formulation Of Over-The-Counter Vaginal Spermicides, Christiana Coggins, Christopher J. Elias, Ronachai Atisook, Mary T. Bassett, Virginie Ettiegne-Traore, Peter D. Ghys, Laura Jenkins-Woelk, Earmporn Thongkrajai, Nancy L. Vandevanter

Reproductive Health

There is an urgent need for safe, effective, and acceptable vaginal barrier methods for the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including HIV, and a variety of existing spermicides have the potential to be used for both prevention of STDs and unwanted pregnancy. Unfortunately, very little is known about formulation preferences and the desirable characteristics of vaginal preparations among the diverse populations of women who would potentially use these products. In this study, we explored vaginal spermicidal preparations containing nonoxynol-9 and the characteristics that influence user preferences for three formulations, as well as the risk of vaginal and cervical irritation …

Ensuring Community Participation In Mch/Fp Activities: Lessons Learned From A Pilot Project, Abbas Bhuiya, Ubaidur Rob, Maruf Rabban Quaderi

Reproductive Health

Family planning (FP) and maternal and child health (MCH) in Bangladesh have achieved commendable success in the recent past, mostly through a large-scale government service-delivery system supported by donors and nongovernmental organizations. Although encouraged by this success, there was concern about programmatic, financial, and social sustainability of the program, including quality of services. It is now believed that most of these concerns will be taken care of if effective community participation can be ensured. A pilot project was initiated in 1997 in Anowara, a low-FP-performing area in rural Chittagong, with assistance from the Population Council. The main objective of the …