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Influence Of Natural Zeolite On Performance Of Laying Hens And Egg Quality, Ergin Öztürk, Güray Erener, Musa Sarica

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of natural zeolite on the performance of laying hens. One hundred and eighty 37-week-old Babcock B-300 hens were fed with a diet containing 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 g clinoptilolite/kg in an experiment consisting of 36 hens per treatment during a 4x28 days experimental period. All feeding programs were isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Hens were put at random into 5 treatment groups (12 replicates and 36 hens per treatment). No significant dietary effects were observed in terms of body weight, feed consumption, feed efficiency ratio, the number of eggs laid per hen, …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

No abstract provided.

Desert, Utility, And Minimum Contacts: Toward A Mixed Theory Of Personal Jurisdiction, Kevin C. Mcmunigal

Faculty Publications

In this Essay, I suggest several steps to improve the Supreme Court's approach to minimum contacts analysis. Though they necessitate some modification of current doctrine, these steps require neither radical alteration of the test's current factors nor abandonment of any of its purposes. I propose a new way of looking at the Court's minimum contacts analysis that better explains and integrates the factors, temporal perspectives, and purposes that presently figure in the analysis. My approach draws on criminal law, analogizing a state's imposition of the burdens of jurisdiction to its imposition of a criminal sanction. It sees the minimum contacts …

Daubert In The States, Paul C. Giannelli

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Digest Of The Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine (Winter 1998), Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

Digest

The Winter 1998 issue of the Digest of the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine includes the following articles:

• Opening Remarks
• PCOM Updates
• Our Centennial
• Founders Day '98
• A Doctor's Helping Hand
• PCOM Honors Domenic A. Debias, Phd
• The Physician Assistant
• Mission Milestones
• Profiles
• Convention Highlights
• Class Notes
• Just Published
• In Memoriam
• Coming Events

Annual Reports Of The Selectmen And Other Town Officers, Charlestown, N.H., For The Year Ending December 31, 1997., Charlestown Town Representatives

Charlestown, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Cognition And Hearsay: A Response To Professor Friedman, Craig R. Callen

UC Law Journal

No abstract provided.

What Is Wrong With Character Evidence?, Peter Tillers

UC Law Journal

No abstract provided.

The Ethos Of Expert Witnesses: Confusing The Admissibility, Sufficiency And Credibility Of Expert Testimony, Eileen Scallen, William E. Wiethoff

UC Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Ecological Resilience, Biodiversity, And Scale, Garry D. Peterson, Craig R. Allen, C. S. Holling

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

We describe existing models of the relationship between species diversity and ecological function, and propose a conceptual model that relates species richness, ecological resilience, and scale.We suggest that species interact with scale-dependent sets of ecological structures and processes that determine functional opportunities. We propose that ecological resilience is generated by diverse, but overlapping, function within a scale and by apparently redundant species that operate at different scales, thereby reinforcing function across scales. The distribution of functional diversity within and across scales enables regeneration and renewal to occur following ecological disruption over a wide range of scales.

Drought-Induced Shift Of A Forest–Woodland Ecotone: Rapid Landscape Response To Climate Variation, Craig Allen, David D. Breshears

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

In coming decades, global climate changes are expected to produce large shifts in vegetation distributions at unprecedented rates. These shifts are expected to be most rapid and extreme at ecotones, the boundaries between ecosystems, particularly those in semiarid landscapes. However, current models do not adequately provide for such rapid effects—particularly those caused by mortality—largely because of the lack of data from field studies. Here we report the most rapid landscape-scale shift of a woody ecotone ever documented: in northern New Mexico in the 1950s, the ecotone between semiarid ponderosa pine forest and pinon– juniper woodland shifted extensively (2 km or …

Mycobacterium Bovis In Coyotes From Michigan, Colleen S. Bruning-Fann, Stephen M. Schmitt, Scott D. Fitzgerald, Janet B. Payeur, Diana L. Whipple, Thomas M. Cooley, Thomas Carlson, Paul Friedrich

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

During a survey for tuberculosis in wild carnivores and omnivores, Mycobacteriurn bovis was cultured from pooled lymph nodes of three adult female coyotes (Canis latrans) harvested by hunters in Michigan (USA). No gross or histologic lesions suggestive of tuberculosis were seen in these animals. One coyote was taken from Montmorency county and two coyotes from Alcona county located in the northeastern portion of Michigan’s Lower Peninsula where free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) have been found infected with bovine tuberculosis. It is thought that these coyotes became infected with M. bovis through the consumption of tuberculous deer. …

1998 Southeast Nebraska Tallgrass Praire Inventory: Johnson, Gage, And Jefferson Counties, Final Report, Robert F. Steinauer

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

This report is prepared as a requirement of the 1998 Southeast Nebraska Prairie Survey contract between the Platte/Rainwater Basin Project Office of the Nature Conservancy and Robert F. Steinauer. The original contract called for the examination of Johnson County south of Highway 136, and Gage County east of Beatrice. Due to the scarcity of prairies in these areas, the survey region was expanded to include northern Johnson County, and southern Jefferson County.

Prairies in these areas were identified using infrared and black and white photos, driving on county and within grassland roads, and conversations with landowners. Heritage Program “Site Survey …

1997 Inventory For Spiranthes Diluvialis Sheviak In Western Nebraska: A Final Report, Volume Ii, Terri Hildebrand

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

This study resulted from an agreement between Nebraska Game and Parks Commission (NGPC) and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFW). After the 1996 discovery of Spiranthes diluvialis, in western Nebraska, NGPC was seeking to determine the extent of the Nebraska population. Information on the wet meadow community of orchid occurrence in Nebraska and eastern Wyoming was needed. This report includes descriptions of communities inventoried, Spiranthes diluvialis populations, and additional species monitored by Nebraska and Wyoming Natural Heritage programs.

Between May and September 1997, potential Spiranthes diluvialis habitat was inventoried for occurrences of the orchid. For all sites …

A Mouse Model For Evaluation Of Prophylaxis And Therapy Of Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever, Mike Bray, Kelly Davis, Tom Geisbert, Connie Schmaljohn, John Higgins

United States Army: Publications

The Zaire subtype of Ebola virus (EBO-Z) is lethal for newborn mice, but adult mice are resistant to the virus, which prevents their use as an animal model of lethal Ebola infection. We serially passed EBO-Z virus in progressively older suckling mice, eventually obtaining a plaque-purified virus that was lethal for mature, immunocompetent BALB/c and C57BL/6 inbred and ICR (CD-1) outbred mice. Pathologic changes in the liver and spleen of infected mice resembled those in EBOZ– infected primates. Virus titers in these tissues reached 109 pfu/g. The LD50 of mouse-adapted EBO-Z virus inoculated into the peritoneal cavity was ~1 virion. …

Caribou Rangifer Tarandus Caribou

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Caribou are the largest members of the reindeer family (Rangifer tarandus) and are native to the arctic and sub-arctic regions of Siberia, North America and Greenland. Reindeer, which are traditionally herded in northern Europe and Eurasia, were introduced into Alaska in 1892. Although some herding of reindeer continues in Alaska today, many of the introduced reindeer interbred with caribou. The four caribou subspecies—barren ground, Peary’s, tundra and woodland—differ greatly in range, size, coloration, behavior, food habits and habitat use.

Caribou are a medium-sized member of the deer family and stand about 31⁄2 feet tall at the shoulder. Females …

Florida Panther Puma [Felis] Concolor Coryi

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

There are only 30 to 50 adult Florida panthers left in the wild, making Florida's official state animal one of the most endangered mammals in the world.  At one time perhaps 3,000 or more Florida panthers ranged throughout Florida, northward through Georgia, parts of South Carolina, and Tennessee, and westward through Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, and possibly eastern Texas.  Today, the Florida panther's range is limited to parts of southern Florida, including the Big Cypress Swamp and the Everglades.

Initially, the Florida panter's decline was due to excessive hunting because of an unfounded fear for livestock and human safety.  More …

Sea Turtles

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Of the six sea turtle species that are found in the U.S. waters or that nest on U.S. beaches, all are designated as either threatened or endangered under the Endangered Species Act.  Endangered status means a species is considered in danger of exinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range; threatened means it is likely to become endangered.

Six of the seven sea turtles species are listed as endangered or threatened: green, Kemp's ridley, olive ridley, hawksbill, loggerhead and leatherback sea turtles.  Only one species, the flatback sea turtle, is not considered threatened with extinction at this time. …

1998 Platte River Basin Ecosystem Symposium Proceedings

Water Current Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Status Of Aphis Vertebrate Pesticides And Drugs, Kathleen A. Fagerstone, Edward W. Schafer Jr.

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 18th (1998)

The Wildlife Services (WS) Program manages wildlife/human conflicts by using an integrated approach employing some vertebrate pesticides. These are used in such small quantities that private industry cannot afford to register and produce them profitably. On behalf of WS, the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) maintains about 30 federal and state pesticide registrations, containing seven active ingredients, with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). These include: the Compound 1080 Livestock Protection Collar, DRC-1339 Concentrates (Starlicide), Gas Cartridges (carbon and sodium nitrate), the M-44 (sodium cyanide), and a number of baits and concentrates containing Strychnine Alkaloid and Zinc Phosphide. …

1998 Nebraska Swine Report

Nebraska Swine Reports

Reproduction
Efficacy of Once (1x) vs Twice (2x) Daily Physical or Fence-line Contact with Boars for Stimulating Earlier Puberty in Gilts
Follicular Development in Gilts Selected for High Ovulation Rate and Embryo Survival Vs Randomly Selected Control Line Gilts

Genetics
The Effects of Genetic Line and Diet Regimen on Attainment of Puberty in Gilts
Effects of Gestation Housing System on Productivity of Three Genetic Lines of Sows
Responses to 14 Generations of Selection for Components of Litter Size

Health
Activity of Four Antimicrobial Agents Against Porcine Serpulina Pilosicoli Isolates From the Midwestern United States

Nutrition
Protein Sources for Segregated Early …

The Pig Pro Decision, Networking, And Environmental Protection: The Public Policy Challenge, J. David Aiken

Nebraska Swine Reports

On August 29, 1997, the Nebraska Supreme Court issued its first decision interpreting the provisions of Initiative 300 (I300), Nebraska’s family farm constitutional amendment. In its Pig Pro decision, a unanimous court ruled five Dawson county farmers who sought to form a non-profit cooperative corporation would violate article XII §12 of the Nebraska Constitution (I300). The decision means Nebraska farmers cannot network their operations and receive limited liability protection under I300.

Properties And Applications Of Pork Trim Obtained From An Advanced Meat Recovery System, Christi M. Calhoun, Roger W. Mandigo

Nebraska Swine Reports

Automated mechanical systems are being utilized by the pork industry to efficiently and economically recover meat remaining on bones after fabrication. The recovered meat, referred to as pork trim-finely textured (PTFT), has unique properties which must be understood to best use this lean meat source. This research characterized the chemical and physical properties of PTFT, determined incorporation levels in ground pork and studied the storage and shelf-life-stability of products containing PTFT. Chemical and physical properties of PTFT were compared to knife trimmed meat (KT) and 80 percent lean ground pork (GP). PTFT had higher iron, calcium, total pigment and cholesterol …

The Effect Of Protein Intake On Growth Performance, Plasma Urea Concentration, Liver Weight, And Arginase Activity Of Finishing Barrows And Gilts, Hsin-Yi Chen, Phillip S. Miller, Austin Lewis

Nebraska Swine Reports

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary protein concentration on growth performance, plasma urea concentration, liver weight and liver arginase activity of finishing (138 lb) barrows and gilts. Average daily feed intake, arginase activity and plasma urea concentration were greater in barrows than in gilts, whereas liver weight was lighter in barrows than in gilts. These data suggest gilts are affected more negatively by high protein diets than barrows. We believe the changes in liver weight and urea cycle enzymes (arginase) are related to these feed intake differences.

Explanation Of Statistics Used In This Report

Nebraska Swine Reports

Pigs treated alike vary in performance, due to their different genetic makeup and to environmental effects we cannot completely control. When a group of pigs is randomly allotted to treatments it is nearly impossible to get an “equal” group of pigs on each treatment. The natural variability among pigs and the number of pigs per treatment determine the expected variation among treatment groups due to random sampling.

Utilization Of Raw Pork Skins In Reduced Fat Fresh Pork Sausage, Tammy Fotjik, Roger W. Mandigo

Nebraska Swine Reports

The effects of fat, raw pork skin and added water on the color, yield, texture and palatability of fresh pork sausage were investigated. Fresh pork sausage was produced to contain 8 percent and 20 percent fat, 10 percent or 20 percent pork skin and zero percent or 10 percent added water. Three controls were produced at 8 percent, 20 percent and 35 percent fat with no added pork skin or water. Sausage with added pork skins had increased pH values. The 8 percent fat sausage and sausage without added water had the greatest cook yields, while the addition of pork …

Nutrient Balance On Nebraska Livestock Confinement Systems, Richard K. Koelsch, Gary Lesoing

Nebraska Swine Reports

Managing the environmental risk associated with livestock production is a significant challenge. The degree of imbalance between the amount of nutrient input and nutrient output for a livestock operation provides insight into the underlying causes of nutrient-related environmental challenges. A nitrogen and phosphorus balance was constructed for 33 Nebraska livestock operations (including 17 swine operations). On most farms, substantially more nitrogen entered the farm (through purchased feed, fertilizer, etc) than left it in the form of animals, crops and manure sold. Most farms also had an accumulation of phosphorus. Size of the operation and the degree of integration between livestock …

The Effects Of Genetic Line And Diet Regimen On Attainment Of Puberty In Gilts*, Tom Long, Agustin Ruiz-Flores, Ken Stalder, Rodney Goodwin, Walter W. Stroup

Nebraska Swine Reports

A trial was conducted to determine the effects of genetic line and gilt development diet regimen and the interaction of these factors on the timely attainment of puberty in gilts. Genetic line was an important factor on the probability of gilts attaining puberty by 8.5 months. Results also indicated leaner gilts (as measured by backfat adjusted to 240 lb) had a lower probability of reaching puberty by 8.5 months than fatter gilts. Gilt development diet regimen and the interaction between genetic line and diet regimen were not significant effects on the attainment of puberty by 8.5 months of age. These …

Plasma Urea Can Be Used To Identify The Protein Requirements Of Group-Penned Finishing (130 To 220 Lb) Barrows And Gilts Fed Corn-Soybean Diets, Phillip S. Miller, Austin Lewis, Hsin-Yi Chen

Nebraska Swine Reports

In this study, growth performance data from finishing pigs indicate the response of barrows and gilts to dietary protein concentration was maximized with a 15 percent protein corn-soybean meal diet. Review of the response of plasma urea concentration to dietary protein intake indicated that, in this study, the protein requirement of barrows was between 12 and 15 percent and the protein requirement for gilts was between 15 and 18 percent. Based on the many findings in the literature documenting that protein requirements ( percent of the diet) of gilts are greater than those of barrows, we believe the use of …

Dietary Fiber In Sow Gestation Diets — An Economic Analysis, Duane Reese

Nebraska Swine Reports

A previous research summary indicated sows fed high-fiber diets during gestation weaned an average of .3 more pigs/litter than sows fed lower-fiber, grain-based diets. Gestation diets containing 45 percent wheat midds, 20 percent soybean hulls, 25 percent alfalfa meal, 30 percent sugar beet pulp or 40 percent oats provide similar amounts of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), which should be sufficient to increase litter size weaned by .3 pigs per litter. An economic analysis suggests feeding a diet containing these sources of NDF would increase sow feed ingredient costs from 0 to $3.30/ sow/period (110 days) compared to feeding a corn-soybean …