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Editorial Board & Iowa Academy Of Science Officers And Directors

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

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Classroom 'Role-Playing': Performance Approaches To Characterization, Gerald Lee Ratliff

Iowa Journal of Communication

Successful classroom role-playing that promotes imaginative performance approaches to characterization initially depend upon a student performer's ability to analyze literature to determine what the author has suggested about character actions and events; and a student performer's ability to cultivate critical skills of analysis and interpretation that ultimately give voice and body to a representative character portrait in classroom performance. Careful analysis of the selected literature includes reading with a critical eye, isolating mental symbols that clearly define character intention or motivation, and a classroom performance blueprint that encourages creative self-expression and exploration of role-playing strategies and techniques. The creative extent …

Back Matter - Back Cover

Iowa Journal of Communication

No abstract provided.

Front Matter - Table Of Contents

Iowa Journal of Communication

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Front Matter - Table Of Contents - Preface

Iowa Journal of Communication

No abstract provided.

Introduction To The Dedication Issue, Roberta A. Davilla

Iowa Journal of Communication

No abstract provided.

Campaign '96 And Political Communication Pedagogy: An Introduction, Catherine Helen Palczewski

Iowa Journal of Communication

Political Communication increasingly is being recognized as a main area of research for communication scholars. From the high-profile work of Kathleen Hall Jamieson to the creation of the National Communication Association's Political Communication Division, the study of communication texts generated by the political realm is emerging as a central part of communication students' education.

Redefining Family Values: The Family And Medical Leave Act And The 1996 Campaign, Heather Dzuricky

Iowa Journal of Communication

In 1992, the Republican Party made family values a center point of the presidential campaign claiming the primary importance of the issue for American voters. In 1996, President Clinton used the foundation established by Republicans four years prior to bring family values to the forefront of American politics once again. Using the Family and Medical Leave Act as a symbol of successful family values legislation, Democratic rhetoric surrounding family values during the 1996 Democratic National Convention served three primary rhetorical purposes: to broaden the definition of family, to bring national focus on the children of America, and to define the …

From The Classroom... Culture, Communication, And Media: So What?, Marsha Clowers

Iowa Journal of Communication

While many contemporary communication and media textbooks give some attention to issues of diversity, they are not being adequately explored in classrooms. This article offers activities, readings, films, and assignments designed to heighten students' awareness of diversity on their campuses, in their future work environments, in the media images they consume and, just as important, within themselves. The discussed strategies can be used in a variety of courses and are especially helpful when used with students that are largely unaware of the experiences of traditionally under represented groups.

Back Matter - Back Cover

Iowa Journal of Communication

No abstract provided.

Anti-Personnel Mines And Peremptory Norms Of International Law: Argument And Catalyst, R. J. Araujo

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Anti-personnel mines have evolved into the military device of choice in many regional conflicts across the world. The author commences his analysis of this development by considering the impact of anti-personnel mines on civilian populations and the reasons historically articulated for their use. After evaluating their relative costs and benefits, the author proceeds to analyze the problem of anti-personnel mines under the principles of international law. First, the author considers legal principles regarding the permissible use of force by combatants, generally referred to as jus in bello. Next, the author evaluates the use of anti-personnel mines under jus in bello …

Mahoney V. Rfe/Rl: An Unexpected Direction For The Foreign Laws Defense, Thomas Wang

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

A law is only as good, or as powerful, as its exceptions allow it to be. Unless carefully drawn, an exception intended to avoid unjust or impractical applications of a rule can consume the rule itself. In the case of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act and Title VII, which were amended to apply to U.S. citizens working abroad, the "foreign laws defense," as interpreted in Mahoney v. RFE/RL, threatens to defeat the application of the general rule prohibiting discrimination. This Note briefly traces the history of the extraterritorial application of U.S. law and the interests that were served by …

Women's Rights In International Law, Valerle A. Dormady

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

This Note contains a detailed review of state responses to the Platform for Action produced at the United Nations' Fourth World Conference on Women. The Author finds that this consensus was reached on most of the proposals outlined in the Platform for Action. Certain proposals, however, regarding reproductive and Inheritance issues, were subject to a great deal of dispute during the drafting of the Platform for Action, and many countries ultimately registered reservations as to these proposals. While the news reports of the Fourth World Conference on Women focused on the lobbying activities of both Islamic countries and Catholic countries, …

The Future Of Hong Kong: Not What It Used To Be, Peter Wesley-Smith

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

With the re-integration of Hong Kong into the People's Republic of China in June 1997, this Article provides an insightful review and analysis of the history of the "Hong Kong question" from the cession of Hong Kong island to the British Crown in 1842 to the territory's current status in 1997. This Article begins with an overview of Hong Kong's early colonial history, examining the acquisition and retention of Hong Kong by the British Government. This Article then continues with a detailed account of the treatment of Hong Kong, including the eventual decision to return Hong Kong to the People's …

Selected Bibliography: The Reintegration Of Hong Kong Into China, Journal Editor

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The reintegration of Hong Kong into the People's Republic of China (PRC) on July 7, 1997, will bring together two countries, one capitalist and one communist, under one rule. As evidenced by the variety of perspectives offered at the Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law's Symposium on Hong Kong's Reintegration into the People's Republic of China (PRC), there is much scholarly debate concerning how this merger will occur and what effect it will have on the people and politics of both countries as well as on the international community as a whole. This bibliography includes books and articles written specifically about …

Anticipating Hong Kong's Constitution From A U.S. Legal Perspective, John M. Rogers

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

This Article explores the possible nature of Hong Kong's Constitution after July, 1997, and discusses alternative ways of interpreting and enforcing the constitution. The author first proposes three definitions for the word "constitution'" (1) how political power is actually "constituted," (2) a written document and (3) a referent for disputes. The author then explains Hong Kong's unusual constitutional status where Hong Kong will be governed under a written constitution the Basic Law. and at the same time, many aspects of the Basic Law will be "guaranteed" by an international agreement, the Joint Declaration. The author proceeds to evaluate the means …

The Unconstitutionality Of State And Local Enactments In The United States Restricting Business Ties With Burma (Myanmar), David Schmahmann, James Finch

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

As a punitive measure against the military regime in Burma, state and municipal governments in the United States have adopted laws penalizing firms that conduct business in that nation. This Article analyzes the validity of these statutes and ordinances under various provisions of the U.S. Constitution.

After introducing the nature of this development and the constitutional issues raised, Part II of this Article proceeds to examine the character of the local enactments and the political backdrop which lead to their adoption. In Part II, the Authors analyze four federal constitutional issues surrounding the local legislation: implied preemption by federal legislation, …

Securing The Strength Of The Renewed Npt: China, The Linchpin "Middle Kingdom", Gary J. Meise

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The consensus indefinite extension of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) in 1995 and the more recent conclusion of a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. which was supported by all five of the world's declared nuclear weapons states, allow for unprecedented optimism by nonproliferation experts regarding nuclear weapons proliferation curtailment and weapons reduction. These recent inroads into the accomplishment of NPT goals raise new questions. however. regarding the underlying commitment level of nuclear powers. China's proliferation record, in particular. is marred with inconsistencies, but its current economic growth and increasingly nonisolationist policies may cause China to reconsider its past noncompliance with the …

Roundtable Discussion, Joseph W. Dellapenna, Laurelyn Douglas, Ted Hagelin, Edwin L.-C. Lai, Harold G. Maier, Yu Ping, John M. Rogers, Ying J. Rogers, Peter Wesley-Smith

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

What we are trying to do in this meeting is to predict what Hong Kong is going to become. One thing of which we can be fairly confident is that we can't know now what Hong Kong will become. Yet speculating is often worthwhile, and so this morning I've asked Peter [Wesley-Smith] and I gave him two minutes' warning--to continue what he had done at the outset of yesterday's sessions. You'll remember that he described a history of the relationship among Hong Kong, various treaties, and what is now the People's Republic of China (hereinafter P.R.C.). I've asked Peter if …

Contract Law In The People's Republic Of China, Mark C. Lewis

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The emergence of the People's Republic of China (PRC) as a market power and the reversion of Hong Kong to PRC sovereignty in 1997 have focused the attention of the international business community on the PRC's willingness to enforce contractual obligations according to the rule of law. Some scholars have questioned whether the rule of law can ever be realized in China without a change in the basic system of governance. This Note attempts to answer that question, at least in the context of the Foreign Economic Contract Law (FECL), the law governing contractual disputes between Sino and foreign enterprises …

Will Hong Kong Be Successfully Integrated Into China? A Human Rights Perspective, Yu Ping

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

This Article explores the human rights forecast following Hong Kong's reintegration into China. The Article first reviews the British human rights record in Hong Kong, and explains why China was angered by last-ditch British political reform. It then explores the legal framework of Hong Kong, including the Sino-British Joint Declaration and the Basic Law of Hong Kong, and concludes that neither offers significant protection for human rights in Hong Kong. In particular, Chinese state security and state secrets laws are likely to be used to suppress political dissidents, journalists, international organizations, and other "foreign elements" in Hong Kong. The Article …

Kalanke V. Freie Hansestadt Bremen: The Significance Of The Kalanke Decision On Future Positive Action Programs In The European Union, Rebecca Means

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

In the landmark case Kalanke v. Freie Hansestadt Bremen, the European Court of Justice held that a German state law giving women an "absolute and unconditional priority" in the labor market was inconsistent with the European Equal Treatment Directive. Although many Europeans vehemently criticized the Kalanke decision initially, the furor now appears to have subsided. As a result of this decision, however, the European Union is currently re-examining equal treatment policies and will likely provide further guidance to Member States attempting to formulate positive action programs.

This Note first discusses the institutions of the European Union as they relate to …

Selected Bibliography: The Reintegration Of Hong Kong Into China, Audrey E. Haroz, Jonathan R. Smith

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The reintegration of Hong Kong into the People's Republic of China (hereinafter P.R.C.) on July 1, 1997, brought together two countries, one capitalist and one communist, under one rule. As evidenced by the variety of perspectives offered at the Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law's Symposium on Hong Kong's Reintegration into the P.R.C., there is much scholarly debate concerning this merger and the effect it will have on the people and politics of both countries as well as on the international community.

An earlier version of this bibliography is included in the May 1997 issue of the Journal. This bibliography has …

Proposals To Address Germany's Status As A "Land Of Immigration", Anne M. Seibel

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

International law permits each individual State to determine who under its laws are citizens of the nation. Germany's decision at the beginning of this century to adhere to the jus sanguinis model of citizenship continues to shape the country's immigration and citizenship laws. This model predicates citizenship on one's parents rather than one's place of birth. Accordingly, "ethnic Germans" who have returned to Germany since the end of the Cold War era are considered to possess a right to German citizenship. In contrast, naturalization procedures are rigorous for foreign residents, including guestworkers and asylum seekers, many of whom are long-time …

Off The Precipice: Massachusetts Expands Its Foreign Policy Expedition From Burma To Indonesia, David R. Schmahmann, James Finch, Tia Chapman

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

This Article considers the wisdom and constitutionality of a proposed Massachusetts law penalizing companies that do business with Indonesia. In the March 1997 issue of the Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, two of the authors expressed concerns about the constitutionality of state and local restrictions on business ties with Burma (Myanmar). This Article applies a similar analysis to conclude that the proposed legislation is an unconstitutional violation of the Supremacy Clause and the Foreign Commerce Clause. The authors also argue that the federal government has clearly preempted action by Massachusetts: first by providing aid to Indonesia under the generalized system …

A Comparative Proposal To Reform The United States Gift Tax Annual Exclusion, Jeffrey S. Kinsler

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The U.S. tax system receives much criticism. Recurrent themes in criticizing tax laws concern their complexity and the many loopholes relieving the wealthy from large amounts of taxation. This Article demonstrates how very wealthy U.S. taxpayers often do not pay gift and estate taxes. In fact the tax laws do not require these taxes to be paid. The Internal Revenue Code provides mechanisms through which taxpayers can evade estate and gift taxes in the United States. Furthermore, U.S. gift tax laws are extremely generous to taxpayers relative to tax laws of other industrialized countries. This Article analyzes the U.S. gift …

Walter Heller's Ambiguous Legacy, Amy Rehder Harris

Draftings In

Walter Heller's economic leadership within the political realm opened a Pandora's Box for politicians in Washington and for the American public. As Chair of the Council of Economic Advisers (CEA) during the Kennedy administration, Heller was able to introduce Keynesian economics into the political mainstream and oversee the passage of the first federal tax cuts for the purpose of stimulating demand and economic growth. In the process, however, Heller helped remove politicians' historical reservations regarding budget deficits, setting the stage for today's staggering deficit problem.

Persuasive Effects Of Story And Statistical Evidence, E. James Baesler

Communication & Theatre Arts Faculty Publications

The persuasive effects of story and statistical evidence were examined for three different message topics. Students (N = 100) read three story or statistical messages and completed post-test measures, including ones involving beliefs and cognitive responses. A two-way interaction between message topic and evidence indicated that the persuasiveness of evidence varied by message topic. Exploratory analyses revealed that statistics were rated as more scientific and less personal than stories, but these characteristics of evidence were not related to persuasiveness.

A Descriptive Analysis Of Magisterial Remand Custody Orders For Offenders Who Receive A Non-Custodial Sentence Outcome, Maeve B. Barry

Theses : Honours

When an offender receives a non-custodial sentence following remand custody then concerns must be raised that the pre-trial remand imprisonment was unnecessary and improper, with judicial, economic and humanitarian consequences that run counter to the philosophical and legislative expectations of a democratic justice system. This study analysed the use of remand custody orders over a six month charge period, by magistrates in Western Australia, to determine what proportion of offenders spent time in remand custody prior to receiving a noncustodial sentence. The results indicate that magistrates use the remand custody facility as a "short, sharp shock" to deter future offending, …

Webassess, Justin Anthony Brown

Theses : Honours

This project and research has resulted in the development of a World Wide Web (WWW) based testing system. WEBassess can be accessed and used from any point in the world that has a connection to the WWW. The WEBassess system allows for the creation and completion of tests through the WWW interface. Scoring and feedback of submitted tests is completely automated, allowing students to see their test result immediately, including visual indicators for correct and incorrect answers. These test results may then be viewed by academic staff, showing complete test details, such as unit code, test title, score, percentage, date …