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A Comparison Of Teacher And Parent Attitudes Toward Character Education In The Public School, Tracy L. Crow

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

A Descriptive Study Of Birth Order And Testing During The Middle School Years, Stephanie Anne Cummings

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Beth Lief: Panel One - East Harlem Girls School, Beth Lief

NYLS Journal of Human Rights

No abstract provided.

Sara Mandelbaum: Panel Two: Constitutional, Statutory, And Policy Issues Raised By All-Female Public Education, Sara Mandelbaum

NYLS Journal of Human Rights

No abstract provided.

Joan E. Bertin: Panel Three - Educational And Social Scientific Perspectives On All-Female Education, Joan E. Bertin

NYLS Journal of Human Rights

No abstract provided.

Brief Amici Curiae: U.S. V Virginia

NYLS Journal of Human Rights

No abstract provided.

Notes On Contributors

Short Story

No abstract provided.

Richard W. Pohl: Distinguished Botanist, Marjorie Conley Pohl

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

In her biographical portrait of Dr. Richard W. Pohl, Mrs. Pohl provides an engaging personal perspective of her late husband, his development as a botanist, his career, and his family life. We gain a sense of Dr. Pohl as a dedicated scientist as well as a humanist. Although Dr. Pohl possessed an abiding curiosity regarding all things natural, he is best known and remembered for his focus on grasses. As Mrs. Pohl documents, this interest in grasses began in the late 1930's and continued throughout his life-ultimately he was regarded as an authority on grass taxonomy both nationally and internationally. …

"Countering Stereotypes." Review Of Medical Malpractice And The American Jury: Confronting The Myths About Jury Incompetence, Deep Pockets, And Outrageous Damage Awards, By N. Vidmar, Samuel R. Gross

Reviews

The story of The Medical Malpractice Trial has a place in popular American legal culture, somewhere on the shelf with Killers Who Got Off on Technicalities. The plot is simple and tragic. The protagonist is the Doctor, a good man with a flaw: He tries too hard. In the process, he makes an innocent mistake or believes he can prevent the unpreventable. In any event, he fails and the Patient dies or is permanently injured. For this unintentional error the Doctor is crucified, by the vengeful anger of the Patient or her survivors, the avarice of the plaintiffs' lawyer, the …

Second Hand Smoke And Child Custody Determinations--A Relevant Factor Or A Smoke Screen?, Merril Sobie

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

The thesis of this brief article is simply that the tobacco habits of a parent are relevant and worthy of consideration when a child is asthmatic, or suffers from some other definable medical condition which would be exacerbated by passive smoke. However, when the child is healthy and there exists no definitive short-term medical risk, the issue should be irrelevant. In other words, the court should consider those factors, and only those factors, which are of significant importance to the child, such as stability, caretaker skills, home environment and the child's wishes. Concededly, second-hand smoke is harmful even to a …

An Analysis Of The Challenges And Opportunities For The Resort Industry In Attracting And Serving Guests With Physical Disabilities, Russell E. Brayley

Visions in Leisure and Business

Resort planners and operators face many challenges as well as enjoy many opportunities in serving the needs of guests with physical disabilities. These challenges and opportunities are in the decision making, activity and reference stages of the guests' resort experience. A study of travelers with physical disabilities and the competitive position of one destination serving that market segment is presented in this article. Points of examination include information search behavior, purchase facilitation, physical and social barriers, and evaluation.

Uab Magazine - Fall 1997, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

UAB Magazine

No abstract provided.

A New Nuremberg?, Jose E. Alvarez

Law Quadrangle (formerly Law Quad Notes)

The following essay is based on presentations given recently at the University of Michigan, Harvard Law School and the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy. While most citations have been removed for publication here, the author gratefully acknowledges the work of Mark Osiel, whose article, "Ever Again: Legal Remembrance of Administrative Massacre," 144 University of Pennsylvania Law Review 463 (1995), inspired much of the analysis here

On May 25, 1993, acting under the same powers it had used to authorize the Gulf War, the United Nations Security Council established the first international war crimes tribunal since post World War II …

What's Working In Family-Based Services--Or, What's Left To Believe In During A Time Of Such Doubt?, Roger Friedman

Journal of Family Strengths

This article is a qualitative, personal report from the field, designed to highlight current developments in family-based theory and practice that bring hopefulness to workers and clients. The author, an experienced human services consultant and family therapist, draws from his recent experience in a number of states to identify exemplars of practice in the following areas: integrative theory building, functional family assessment, systems change in regard to inter-agency coordination and foster care, community building in low income neighborhoods, developing humility as helpers, and addressing issues of hope and spirituality with clients and with co-workers. Given the turbulent and hostile political …

Capacities, Universality And Singularity, Stuart M. Glennan

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

In this paper I criticize Cartwright's analysis of capacities and offer an alternative analysis. I argue that Cartwright's attempt to connect capacities to her condition CC fails because individuals can exercise capacities only in certain contexts. My own analysis emphasizes three features of capacities: 1) Capacities belong to individuals; 2) Capacities are typically not metaphysically fundamental properties of individuals, but can be explained by referring to structural properties of individuals; and 3) Laws are best understood as ascriptions of capacities.

Judging Contingencies Accurately: The Effects Of Feedback, Practice, And Self-Efficacy, Steven C. Clark

Doctoral Dissertations

Some psychologists have claimed that people are not good at judging covariation (e.g., Smedslund, 1963; Jenkins & Ward, 1965). This claim, however, has been based on the results of experiments that may not have been optimal for promoting judgmental accuracy (Allan & Jenkins, 1980). Other psychologists have claimed that people are relatively good judges of covariation (e.g., Wasserman, Chatlosh, & Neunaber, 1983; Wasserman & Shaklee, 1984). Common to most of this research is an experimental paradigm in which participants do not ever receive feedback concerning the accuracy of their judgments.

The two experiments in this dissertation were designed to promote …

The Role Of Perceived Social Norms On Attitudes And Behavior: An Examination Of The False Consensus Effect, Kathleen Patricia Bauman

Doctoral Dissertations

This paper examined the role of perceived social norms in relation to people's attitudes and behavioral intentions, specifically in regards to the false consensus effect (FCE). People are prone to numerous biases in judgments about peers' beliefs, including overestimating support for their own position (i.e., false consensus). These misperceptions can then shape people's beliefs and guide their behavior. This series of studies assessed the influence of this type of misperception on attitudes and behavioral intentions regarding controversial social issues. Study 1 demonstrated that people displayed false consensus for current social issues. Alterations in wording and order of presentation did not …

The Effects Of Actual And Perceived Parental Characteristics On Partner Selection And Perception, Glenn Gehar

Doctoral Dissertations

The present studies were designed to examine the template matching hypothesis, a prediction based on Freud's (1927) psychoanalytic theory which proposes that people choose romantic partners who are similar to their opposite-sex parents. While some research has demonstrated that such a phenomenon does exist for physical characteristics (e.g., Jedlicka, 1984), research on this phenomenon in regards to personality dimensions has been relatively inconclusive. The primary objectives of the present studies were to determine (a) the extent to which people choose partners with personalities similar to their opposite-sex parents, (b) the extent to which people perceive that their romantic partners have …

Perceived Versus Actual Attitude Similarity As Predictors Of Change In Interpersonal Attraction, Andrew Robert Mcgarva

Doctoral Dissertations

The present investigation was intended to identify factors that affect the degree to which interpersonal attraction changes over the course of face-to-face interaction. Participants completed a modified version of Byrne's (1971) attitude questionnaire, the Crowne-Marlowe Social Desirability Scale (1964), and Snyder's Self-Monitoring Scale and were then paired into attitudinally similar, dissimilar, or neutral dyads. Both before and after interacting for 40-minutes, dyads were asked to rate their interpersonal attraction toward their partner. Attitude similarity better predicted post-conversation interpersonal attraction when controlling for pre-conversation attraction than when not controlling for pre-conversation attraction. Social desirability, self-monitoring, and the coordination of vocal activity …

The Multidimensionality Of Illusory Judgments: Reexamination Of Illusion Of Control Research, Paul Keith Presson

Doctoral Dissertations

The present dissertation examines the well-established research paradigm known as the illusion of control. Until now, researchers have employed one basic paradigm which has addressed the illusion of control as a unidimensional phenomenon. In Study 1, 91 female undergraduates were presented with three induction conditions used by previous researchers. Factor analyses showed that judgments from these tasks did not tap into a single process, but rather fell into two types of illusory judgments--belief- and contingency-based. In Study 2, 182 female undergraduates were exposed to the same three induction conditions used in Study 1 plus two additional contingency tasks. As in …

Psychosocial And Sociostructural Determinants Of Mastery: The Context Of Age And Disability, Scott David Schieman

Doctoral Dissertations

The "active" and "potent" self has held a special interest to philosophers, psychologists, and sociologists since the inception of those disciplines. The present research uses sociological perspectives on social comparison and reference group theory to provide a framework for understanding the various dimensions of self-process in the context of age and disability. Specifically, this research examines associations between age, disability, and social status indicators as they impress upon personal agency or mastery.

This study uses secondary data that includes respondents aged 18 and over who resided in any of ten counties in Southwestern Ontario and were part of a two-wave …

Talk Before Writing: Oral Rehearsal As A Pre-Writing Strategy For High School Students With Difficulties In Retrieval, Valerie Sebern Aubry

Doctoral Dissertations

This study investigated the effects of oral rehearsal used as a pre-writing strategy by twenty-eight high school students (21 males, 7 females) with difficulties in retrieval. Study participants read texts, wrote summary-response essays, and revised their compositions in two conditions: with rehearsal and without rehearsal. A repeated measures (2 x 2) x (2) design with Passage and Order of Treatment as the between-subject variables, and Condition as the within-subject variable was used to assess differences in compositions.

Eight quantitative measures, with four considered primary, were used to evaluate differences in the quantity, complexity, content, and quality of compositions. Positive changes …

Parallels Between Adolescent-Mother And Adolescent-Best Friend Interactions, Katherine A. Black

Doctoral Dissertations

Forty-two adolescents (13-18 years) along with their mothers and best friends participated in this study. Adolescents participated in videotaped interaction tasks with their mothers and with their best friends, in which unresolved problems between the respective dyads were discussed. Attachment, self-esteem, personality, emotional expressiveness, friendship, and mood were assessed with questionnaires. There were four main findings in this study. First, there were positive associations between adolescents' behavior with their mothers and adolescents' behavior with their best friends. There were also positive associations between mothers' behavior with adolescents and adolescents' behavior with best friends. These associations were sometimes mediated by adolescents' …

Variation In Reproductive Success Within A Natural Population Of The American Toad (Bufo Americanus), Paulo Cascon

Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate if mating success and clutch size are good estimates of reproductive success in a population of Bufo americanus, through the study of the contribution of life history parameters to the variation in individual reproductive success. A B. americanus population that breeds in a pond located in Madbury, NH was studied during the 1994, 1995 and 1996 mating seasons. In 1995 and 1996 clutches were also studied and the larvae were used in laboratory and field experiments. The following fitness parameters were investigated: mating success, clutch and egg size, growth rate and survivorship …

Student Interactions And Mathematics Discourse: A Study Of The Development Of Discussions In A Fifth-Grade Classroom, Sharon Marie Soucy Mccrone

Doctoral Dissertations

Mathematics reform efforts are gaining attention and support in the years since the dissemination of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) Standards documents. Encouraging student interactions in small and large group settings, and promoting discussion and argumentation of mathematical ideas among students are two possible implications of the vision presented in the Standards. The goal of having mathematics discussions, however, can present a variety of classroom challenges. Many factors influence classroom discourse and need to be addressed in ways that inform teachers as they work toward creating a more interactive, discussion-based mathematics classroom.

The study examines the development …

Sharing Reality: The Construction Of Professional Knowledge In A Middle School Team Setting, Carol Walker Mulligan

Doctoral Dissertations

In this case study of a middle school team of teachers, I describe and interpret daily meeting conversations among one group of practitioners over the course of one school year. Through the lens of the social construction of reality, I examine processes of sharing and co-constructing aspects of professional knowledge in this setting.

To conduct the study, I collected data from the regularly scheduled daily team meetings of my own interdisciplinary middle school team. The result is an insider view of the conversations of a group of practitioners who share the same population of students. For purposes of elaboration and …

Relativistic Thinking And Identity Development In College Students, Rebecca Anne Regeth

Doctoral Dissertations

The relationship between relativistic thinking and identity formation was examined. Relativistic thinking is the ability to accept the subjective nature of knowledge and values and has been shown to develop during college. It was predicted that as students become more relativistic in their thinking, they also realize that their own perception of reality is relative too. This causes an identity crisis, resulting in a mature identity. A one-year longitudinal study showed that changes in identity (increased moratorium) were related to changes in thinking (increased relativism). Students in different college majors were shown to think differently about the nature of knowledge …

Power Play: Sexual Harassment In The Middle School, Elizabeth M Allard Chamberlain

Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation addresses male to female student to student sexual harassment in public middle schools, arguing that this issue is not merely a legal one, but an educational issue with legal components which demands the attention and intervention of educators. I argue that no legal policy, regardless of how explicitly it is written, or how expertly administered, can, by itself, adequately address student to student sexual harassment. This is not a fault within the legal system: it is a recognition that the law cannot do the work of education. We need to acknowledge the complexity of sexual harassment and its …

The Effects Of Age And Expertise On Discourse Processing, Lisa Marie Soederberg

Doctoral Dissertations

The paradoxical nature of adult development is that it is marked by a decline in processing capacity but an increase in knowledge. A specialized formulation of increased knowledge that can occur throughout the lifespan is expertise. Because discourse processing is both a method of acquiring domain expertise and is facilitated by domain expertise, the nature of this interrelationship is central to successful aging. However, the processes through which expertise facilitates discourse processing are virtually unexplored within the cognitive aging literature. Four experiments investigating this issue are presented. The first experiment investigated age differences in on-line reading strategies of readers with …

"A City Of Vivid Contrasts": Antimodernity And Modernity At The Poland Spring Resort, 1860-1900, David Lee Richards

Doctoral Dissertations

This cultural history examines the interplay between antimodernity and modernity that transformed a country inn located in Poland Spring, Maine, into a world-renowned "summer city" during the late nineteenth century. Part exclusive club, colonial homestead, social mecca, therapeutic spa, pastoral farm, natural Eden, recreational playground, and cultured city, the site combined the nostalgia and natural beauty associated with traditional rural society and the affluence and amenities expected of contemporary urban society. The "city of vivid contrasts" created at Poland Spring typified the power of Gilded-Age culture to pave the way for the transition to modernity by appealing to the ameliorative …