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Articles 2851 - 2880 of 14836
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
September 18, 1997, The Daily Mississippian
September 18, 1997, The Daily Mississippian
Daily Mississippian (all digitized issues)
No abstract provided.
Novel Project In Costa Rican Paciific Beach Town Helps Protect Sea Turtles, Guest Author
Novel Project In Costa Rican Paciific Beach Town Helps Protect Sea Turtles, Guest Author
NotiCen
No abstract provided.
Lower Growth Than Expected, Liquidity Problems Trouble Cuban Economy, Ladb Staff
Lower Growth Than Expected, Liquidity Problems Trouble Cuban Economy, Ladb Staff
NotiCen
No abstract provided.
Microsats For Environmental Monitoring - And Some Current Canadian Initiatives, Ron Buckingham
Microsats For Environmental Monitoring - And Some Current Canadian Initiatives, Ron Buckingham
Small Satellite Conference
This paper examines the usefulness of microsats for environmental monitoring. It is based in part on a study done by Routes Incorporated for the Canadian Space Agency in 1995, plus more recent information. We define microsats and their instruments as missions whose overall payload, platform, launch, ground segment and operations costs is within a $2M to $ 10M range. The paper describes several types of environmental atmospheric and earth surface monitoring task that could be achieved with microsats, e.g. observation of atmospheric phenomena such as polar stratospheric clouds, gravity waves and ozone profiles. Compact, simple, low-cost imaging spectrographs are candidates …
Intrepid - A New Small Satellite Launcher, J.R. French, T. Ingersoll
Intrepid - A New Small Satellite Launcher, J.R. French, T. Ingersoll
Small Satellite Conference
Universal Space Lines (operator) and Rocket Development Company (hardware fabricator) are in the early stages of development of a small, low-cost expandable launch vehicle called "Intrepid". This two-stage vehicle, using the liquid oxygen / liquid hydrogen propellant combination, is targeted for payloads up to about 1,100 lb for eastward launches in its basic form. Construction is primarily composite in the interest of high production and low unit cost. Maximum use is made of existing electronic components in order to minimize development. Software design follows the very successful methods developed on the DC-X / XA programs. The goal of the Intrepid …
Strv-1c & D Program Update, Nigel Wells, Cdr. Richard Blott
Strv-1c & D Program Update, Nigel Wells, Cdr. Richard Blott
Small Satellite Conference
Following the successful launch in June 1994 and subsequent operations in Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) of the Space Technology Research Vehicle (STRV-1a and STRV-1b) spacecraft, the UK Defense Evaluation and Research Agency (DERA) initiated a Feasibility Study into a follow-on mission. This was followed by a Project Definition phase which has now been completed and the start of the detailed design and construction phase of the STRV-1c and -1d spacecraft commenced on 1 April 1997, with a planned launch date in mid-1999.
Microspacecraft Secondary Payload Launch Capabilities & Mission Possibilities, Joel Rademacher, Kim Leschly
Microspacecraft Secondary Payload Launch Capabilities & Mission Possibilities, Joel Rademacher, Kim Leschly
Small Satellite Conference
Worldwide secondary payload launch capabilities and future opportunities have been studied at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) as a part of planning future microspacecraft missions. Launch vehicles which have been identified as having near-term secondary payload opportunities for launching microspacecraft include; Delta II, Ariane 5, Atlas II - Centaur, Space Shuttle, Pegasus, Taurus, HIIA, Molniya, Proton, and Cosmos. Interface requirements and contact information have been identified for these. The secondary payload launch capabilities are summarized and missions which have been proposed or are currently under study are described for some of these opportunities. Several types of microspacecraft missions can be …
A Remote I/O (Rio) Smart Sensor Chip Supporting Serial Communications Bus For Small Satellites, Nicholas Paschalidis
A Remote I/O (Rio) Smart Sensor Chip Supporting Serial Communications Bus For Small Satellites, Nicholas Paschalidis
Small Satellite Conference
The RIO chip is a general purpose, low power, radiation hardened, mixed analog/digital data acquisition chip for spacecraft/instrument housekeeping and spacecraft control actions, communicating the information over a serial I2C bus or a standard microprocessor bus. It measures eight Temperatures, eight Voltages, and eight currents, digitizes the measurements with an 10-bit A/D and stores the information in an on chip memory. The sensing capability can extend to other physical quantities such as total radiation dose measurements with radFETs etc. The chip contains also four DAC-comparator-counter channels for monitor and control actions. A general purpose 16-bit digital l/O port is also …
International Launch Campaign: Pegasus®/Minisat Launch From Canary Islands, Thomas Mcdermott, Warren Frick, Michael Bitzer
International Launch Campaign: Pegasus®/Minisat Launch From Canary Islands, Thomas Mcdermott, Warren Frick, Michael Bitzer
Small Satellite Conference
Traditional launch services conduct final launch operations from fixed locations due to a heavy reliance on large amounts of ground support equipment (i.e. launch towers, fuel farms, range tracking, etc.). The Pegasus/MINISAT launch campaign demonstrated a unique ability to locate the launch vehicle nearly anywhere in the world based on each mission's specific requirements and by prepositioning required support equipment where needed. The logistics to support this type of mobile capability can be complicated and transcend a multitude of disciplines. Issues that had to be solved included vehicle processing facilities, launch control centers, mobile range tracking solutions, international liability and …
The Functionality And Performance Of The Forte Rf System, Robert Franz, Michael Carter, Donald Enemark, Martin Shipley
The Functionality And Performance Of The Forte Rf System, Robert Franz, Michael Carter, Donald Enemark, Martin Shipley
Small Satellite Conference
The primary mission of the FORTE satellite experiment is to detect and record RF transients in the VHF radio band. This effort is difficult due to the presence of background noise signals which vary widely in power when observed at satellite altitudes. In order to optimize the detectability of signals of interest in this varying background, the FORTE RF system was designed to accommodate a multitude of possible configurations. The FORTE RF system consists of a number of elements including: four antennas, three tunable VHF receivers, two sub-band trigger systems, and Adaptive Pre-Whitener (APW), a Data Acquisition System (DAS) and …
Low-Cost Operation Of The Orbcomm Satellite Constellation, Andrew Lewin
Low-Cost Operation Of The Orbcomm Satellite Constellation, Andrew Lewin
Small Satellite Conference
Financial pressures are forcing organizations to minimize operations costs. Although the easiest way to achieve this goal is simply to reduce operational requirements, often this is not possible. Therefore, automation must be employed. This paper discusses the system trade-offs that must be performed to maximize the impact of automation efforts. The discussion begins with the development of generic automation guidelines. Since many automation issues are program-specific, the paper then addresses the application of these principles to operation of the ORBCOMM satellite constellation. This example demonstrates how automation can be used to produce a highly efficient satellite operations system.
The Attitude Control System Design For The Wide-Field Infrared Explorer Mission, Michael Fennell, Victoriano Untalan Iii, Michael Lee
The Attitude Control System Design For The Wide-Field Infrared Explorer Mission, Michael Fennell, Victoriano Untalan Iii, Michael Lee
Small Satellite Conference
This paper presents the Attitude Control System (ACS) design for the Wide-Field Infrared Explorer (WIRE) mission. The WIRE spacecraft, the fifth in the series of NASA Small Explorer (SMEX) spacecraft, is currently scheduled for launch in September 1998. WIRE is a momentum-biased, three-axis stabilized stellar pointer which must meet a radial pointing stability requirement of 6 arcsecond. The spacecraft will slew to a new target 8 to 10 times per orbit, and perform small (approximately 1 arc-minute) offset maneuvers every 48 seconds while on a target. As a means of providing the most science for the cost, the third SMEX …
The Development Of A Low Cost, Modular Attitude Determination And Control System, Derek Surka, Michael Paluszek
The Development Of A Low Cost, Modular Attitude Determination And Control System, Derek Surka, Michael Paluszek
Small Satellite Conference
In an attempt to reduce the cost of future satellites, new technologies are being pursued to develop a modular attitude determination and control system that will provide three-axis control and cost less than ten percent of present systems. The low cost and modularity of this system make it especially attractive to a wide variety of small satellites. This paper will present the design and developmental status of this "plug and play" attitude control system. The general idea is to provide a complete attitude determination and control system, including sensors, actuators, and software, that can be used for a wide variety …
Orbview-1 Autonomous Mission Operations, Susan Kennison
Orbview-1 Autonomous Mission Operations, Susan Kennison
Small Satellite Conference
The Orbview-1 spacecraft was launched in April, 1995. It is a small, low-orbiting satellite with two scientific payloads, the Optical Transient Detector (OTD) and the GPS Meteorological instrument (GPS-Met). The Orbview-1 mission was developed in alignment with NASA's directive of "cheaper, better, faster" satellite programs. An important element in achieving these goals is the reduction in operations cost through spacecraft automation. A highly autonomous satellite minimizes the amount of human interaction required once the spacecraft is on-orbit. In alignment with this philosophy, the Orbview-1 Mission Operations have also been increasingly automated. This process has led to reduction of operating costs, …
The Swas, Trace, And Wire Attitude Control Hardware Design, Keith Chamberlin, Thomas Correll
The Swas, Trace, And Wire Attitude Control Hardware Design, Keith Chamberlin, Thomas Correll
Small Satellite Conference
This paper will address the authors' experience with the current SMEX (SMall EXplorer) ACS (Attitude Control System) hardware design. The authors have been responsible for the design, development, fabrication, and testing of all the in-house ACS hardware for the common design which will fly on the SWAS (Sub-Millimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite), TRACE (Transition Region and Coronal Explorer), and WIRE (Wide field InfraRed Explorer) satellites. These missions have very different ACS requirements which lead to different sensor complements on each mission; however, they are all low-cost, small scientific satellites which require three-axis fine attitude control. It will be shown how the …
The Potentiality Of Commercial Satellite-Based Communication Networks For Telemetry And Commanding Of Small Satellites, Hans-Juergen Fischer, Erhard Rabenau, Ralf Dittmann
The Potentiality Of Commercial Satellite-Based Communication Networks For Telemetry And Commanding Of Small Satellites, Hans-Juergen Fischer, Erhard Rabenau, Ralf Dittmann
Small Satellite Conference
Within the next few years the emergence of satellite-based personal communication networks operating from small low earth orbits to geostationary orbits offers viable solutions for contacts between two points on Earth. The idea is to use the same networks for communications links between small satellites and their ground stations. Will it be possible to call a satellite from a PC, e.g., like an answering machine from a phone? The paper presents concepts for the transfer of data between ground stations and low Earth orbiting small (scientific) satellites via a) commercial satellite-based communication networks, e.g. IRIDIUM, ORBCOMM, GLOBAL STAR, SIGNAL and …
Predicting Failures And Estimating Duration Of Service Life From Satellite Telemetry, Len Losik, Lewis Owen, Sheila Wahl
Predicting Failures And Estimating Duration Of Service Life From Satellite Telemetry, Len Losik, Lewis Owen, Sheila Wahl
Small Satellite Conference
This paper addresses research completed for predicting hardware failures and estimating remaining duration of service life for satellite components using a Failure Prediction Process (FPP) as envisioned by the University of California Berkeley, Center for Extreme Ultraviolet Astrophysics (CEA). It is a joint paper, presenting initial work completed at the CEA using telemetry from the EUV EXPLORER (EUVE) satellite and statistical computation analysis completed by Lockheed Martin. This work was used in identifying suspect "failure precursors" and is followed by a Lockheed Martin exploration into the application of statistical pattern recognition methods to identify FPP events observed visually by the …
Small Satellite Design And Development For Precision Pointing Applications, M. Socha, R. Hain, C. Dever, P. Madden, R. Mangoubi, R. Metzinger
Small Satellite Design And Development For Precision Pointing Applications, M. Socha, R. Hain, C. Dever, P. Madden, R. Mangoubi, R. Metzinger
Small Satellite Conference
The move towards miniaturizing satellites will not be based solely on scaling down with a commensurate reduction in capability. The real goal should be to maintain high functionality and ultimately to increase capability in a small, low cost package. Conventional remote imaging has been based on the design approach that to achieve high resolution images from space, the satellite designer is driven to large apertures, expensive and complex attitude and articulation control hardware, with large, heavy, and power intensive inertial sensors. Micro-class satellites when faced with precision pointing requirements have traditionally not used active control to improve pointing performance. This …
Autonomous Mission Planning For Spin-Stabilized Science Satellites, Birgit Sauer, Michael Ricard
Autonomous Mission Planning For Spin-Stabilized Science Satellites, Birgit Sauer, Michael Ricard
Small Satellite Conference
When reducing the operations costs of a satellite program, planning and scheduling are prime areas for consideration. In particular, scheduling satellite activities is repetitive, time-consuming, and nontrivial. Automating these tasks can reduce operator staffing requirements and increase the utility of the satellite. Additionally, since the main cost of an automated scheduler is its development, being able to use the scheduler for different satellite programs would lead to great cost savings. Since there is such variety in satellite programs, no one scheduler can realistically be used to schedule them all. Automated schedulers can, however, be developed for "classes" of satellites that …
The Design Of A Highly Configurable, Reusable Operating System For Testbed Satellites, Rajesh Batra
The Design Of A Highly Configurable, Reusable Operating System For Testbed Satellites, Rajesh Batra
Small Satellite Conference
Quick testbed satellites, typically inexpensive, built in quantity, and designed to run customer specified experiments offer researchers the opportunity to test, in a relatively inexpensive manner, experiments in space. Likewise, quick testbed satellites offer companies the ability to prototype new products in a relatively short design cycle. The design of an operating system (OIS) for a quick testbed satellite is different from ordinary operating systems found on today's satellites. In the case of a typical satellite, the mission is specific and therefore the software on board is designed with that mission in mind. For a testbed, the satellite bus has …
Conceptual Design Of An Orbiting Drag-Free International Explorer (Odie) Small Satellite Mission, Allison Floyd
Conceptual Design Of An Orbiting Drag-Free International Explorer (Odie) Small Satellite Mission, Allison Floyd
Small Satellite Conference
The Orbiting Drag-free International Explorer (ODIE) satellite is a technology demonstration mission intended to verify the feasibility of using Field Effect Electric Propulsion (FEEP) thrusters and Capacitive and Electrostatic Sensitive Accelerometer Reference (CAESAR) accelerometers to achieve a new level of drag-free performance. This satellite will be designed and constructed through a cooperative effort between government agencies, corporations, and universities in several countries, and is scheduled for launch in March, 1999.
Big Science On A Small Budget: A University Sounding Rocket, Ellen Riddle, Jennifer Owens
Big Science On A Small Budget: A University Sounding Rocket, Ellen Riddle, Jennifer Owens
Small Satellite Conference
The High-altitude Ozone Measuring and Educational Rocket (HOMER), a pilot for the NASA Student Launch Program, was a suborbital rocket investigation conducted by the Colorado Space Grant Consortium (CSGC). The HOMER mission provided: a unique educational opportunity for hands-on involvement by students in colleges and universities throughout Colorado; measurements of ozone and atmospheric constituents which affect ozone in the Earth's atmosphere; a demonstration of advanced and low-cost technologies that enable these measurements; and an intercomparison of measurement techniques. HOMER was launched from Wallops Flight Facility in Wallops Island, Virginia on August 12, 1996. HOMER is a follow-on payload to two …
Asusat1: The Development Of A Low-Cost Nano-Satellite, Shea Ferring, David Waller
Asusat1: The Development Of A Low-Cost Nano-Satellite, Shea Ferring, David Waller
Small Satellite Conference
In October 1993, the students at Arizona State University (ASU) were challenged by Orbital Sciences Corporation to develop a 4.5-kg (10-lb) satellite (ASUSat1) to be launched as a piggyback payload on a Pegasus rocket. The challenge also included the requirements for the satellite to perform meaningful science and to fit inside the Pegasus avionics section (0.033 m2 X 0.027 m). Moreover, the students were faced with the cost constraints associated with university projects. This unusual set of requirements resulted in a design and development process, which is fundamentally different from that of traditional space projects. The spacecraft capabilities and scientific …
Dynamic Modeling Of Micro-Satellite Spartnik's Attitude, Brian Menges, Carlos Guadiamos, Henry Pernicka
Dynamic Modeling Of Micro-Satellite Spartnik's Attitude, Brian Menges, Carlos Guadiamos, Henry Pernicka
Small Satellite Conference
Spartnik is a micro-satellite under construction at San Jose State University. In order to control the satellite and ensure payloads and antenna are oriented properly a passive attitude control system has been developed. Like some other micro-satellites, Spartnik will combine spin stabilization with magnetic stabilization. Thus, Spartnik will "spin" due to solar radiation pressure and perform a controlled "tumble" due to the permanent magnets aligning with the magnetic field of the Earth. Concerns have been raised about the gyroscopic effect due to the spin of the satellite. A program has been developed that numerically integrates Euler's form of the equations …
Falcon Gold - Orbit Determination Above The Gps Constellation, Johnston Coil
Falcon Gold - Orbit Determination Above The Gps Constellation, Johnston Coil
Small Satellite Conference
Students at the University of Colorado at Colorado Springs (UCCS) and the United States Air Force Academy (USAFA) are designing, building, and testing a spacecraft scheduled to fly on a Lockheed Martin Atlas/Centaur in October 1997. The mission objective is to characterize the Global Positioning System (GPS) signal for use in orbit determination above the GPS constellation. Falcon Gold will remain on the spent Centaur in a Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) relaying GPS signal measurements for approximately two weeks until the on-board batteries expire. These measurements will characterize the signal to noise ratio and may yield an orbit solution during …
Starshine: Student Tracked Atmospheric Research Satellite For Heuristic International Networking Experiment, Gilbert Moore, 2lt Scott Heritsch, Skip Dopp, Lt. Col. David Vallado, Lee Abraham, Mehrdad Roosta
Starshine: Student Tracked Atmospheric Research Satellite For Heuristic International Networking Experiment, Gilbert Moore, 2lt Scott Heritsch, Skip Dopp, Lt. Col. David Vallado, Lee Abraham, Mehrdad Roosta
Small Satellite Conference
U.S. high school and middle school students are building and polishing a spherical, mirrored Starshine spacecraft for launch by NASA into a 51.6 degree, 390 km (220 NM), circular orbit from a Space Shuttle Hitchhiker canister in December of 1998. Following the spacecraft's ejection into an independent orbit, sunlight reflected from its 220 mirrors will be visually observed during pre-dawn and post-sunset twilight intervals by international students during its planned six-month orbital lifetime in a project designed to teach these students how to measure the density of Earth's atmosphere at Space Station altitudes. The project is being cosponsored by the …
Bus Design Of The Microsatellite Bird For Infrared Earth Observation, C. Stelter, B. Biering, B. Heym
Bus Design Of The Microsatellite Bird For Infrared Earth Observation, C. Stelter, B. Biering, B. Heym
Small Satellite Conference
The DLR plans to launch the microsatellite BIRD in 1999 as part of a Earth remote sensing mission. This project represents the begin of a line of small satellite missions with ambitious scientific and technological objectives by application of new technology and respecting the limitations of microsatellites. The spacecraft bus design is based on the proposed orbit and the payload requirements. The scientific payload is a novel multi-spectral sensor system, consisting of two cooled infrared sensor arrays and the Wide Angle Optoelectronic Stereo Scanner (WAOSS). A serious constrain of the satellite design is the required compatibility to a piggyback launch. …
Off-The-Shelf Micro-Satellites For Science And Technology Missions: The Usaf Picosat Mission Using The Sstl Modular Microsatellite, Major David Tobin, Captain Gary Haag, Alex Da Silva Curiel, Jeff Ward, Mark Allery, Jenny Lorenzi
Off-The-Shelf Micro-Satellites For Science And Technology Missions: The Usaf Picosat Mission Using The Sstl Modular Microsatellite, Major David Tobin, Captain Gary Haag, Alex Da Silva Curiel, Jeff Ward, Mark Allery, Jenny Lorenzi
Small Satellite Conference
One way to achieve faster and cheaper small satellite missions is to make maximum use of off-the-shelf (OTS) technology. OTS subsystems are found in many small satellite missions, typically configured within a customized mission-specific space frame. Theoretically, costs and time-scales can be cut further by extending the OTS approach to the entire spacecraft, including mechanics, software and operations. This has been the objective of many "modular satellite" programs, including the Surrey Satellite Technology (SSTL) modular microsatellite bus. Since 1990, the basic SSTL bus has been applied to 11 missions carrying a wide variety of payloads into LEO. Inevitably, however, each …
Aeolus: A System Concept For Precise Delivery Of Mars Scientific Instrumentation, Marcus Murbach, David Keese, Jack Farmer
Aeolus: A System Concept For Precise Delivery Of Mars Scientific Instrumentation, Marcus Murbach, David Keese, Jack Farmer
Small Satellite Conference
The AEOLUS system concept is proposed to deliver science instruments with great precision to the surface of Mars. This capability is regarded as an important next step in bringing Mars evolutionary processes into greater focus by allowing investigation of specifically targeted sites. By the use of existing maneuvering vehicle technology, terrain guidance hardware, and other vehicle subsystems this mission appears feasible with a minimum amount of development and risk. The conceptual system design presented in this paper is capable of delivering a variety of instrumentation types (the first phase is a penetrator/flight experiment, followed by a rover mission) with 3 …