Digital Commons Network^™

A Process For The Preparation Of Obicetrapib And Its Intermediates, Msn Laboratories Private Limited, R&D Center; Hyderabad, India; Srinivasan Thirumalai Rajan; Sagyam, Rajeshwar Reddy; Revu, Satyanarayana; Keshavareddy, Navin Kumar Reddy; Penumandla, Raja Gopal; Vakiti, Srinivas.

Defensive Publications Series

Abstract:

The present disclosure relates to process for the preparation of (2R,4S) -4- {[3,5 bis (trifluoro methyl) benzyl]-[5-(3-carboxy propoxy) pyrimidin-2-yl] amino}-2- ethyl-6-trifluoro methyl-3,4- dihydro-2H- quinolone -1-carboxylic acid ethyl ester, represented by structural formula-1 or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts and its intermediate compounds.

Formula-1

The present disclosure also relates to the novel intermediate compounds that are used in the preparation of formula-1

Unified Authentication And Intelligent Orchestration Of Remote Sessions For Continuous Access In Failure Scenarios, Hp Inc

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes a unified authentication system for single sign-on (SSO) and an orchestration component that maintains continuous remote access to a compute device across system states, including pre-boot, boot, and post-boot. A user authenticates once via a centralized identity service, and the resulting authentication artifact (e.g., token, assertion, certificate, or derived session credential) is consumed by both a hardware-based out-of-band (OOB) remoting path and a software-based in-band remoting path. An orchestration agent brokers session establishment and performs a controlled handoff between remoting paths without requiring the user to reauthenticate, enabling smooth transitions during operating system failures, reboots, and recovery.

Verify-Before-Act Safety Gate For Ai Agents, Amit Singh

Defensive Publications Series

Verify-Before-Act is a lightweight safety gate that stops artificial intelligence (AI) agents from executing high-impact actions built on an unverified assumption, such as deleting a lab server that is actually a production server. Before an action runs, the gate determines whether a critical fact was verified or merely inferred and, when inferred, confirms the fact against an authoritative source. The gate therefore catches dangerous actions that permission and confidence checks may allow. Across five models, the gate caught 41 of 41 such harmful actions with no false alarms, operated in front of any tested model at near-zero cost, and prevented …

The Hardware Imperative For Ai Alignment: Hardcoded Ethics, Morals, And Non-Linear Asymmetry Protocols For Human Intent, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This specification formalizes an architecture designed to enforce an unbreakable ethical baseline across distributed, multi-agent artificial general intelligence (AGI) systems. Current alignment methodologies rely on mutable software-layer adaptations—such as Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), prompt wrappers, and dynamic weighting matrices—which introduce severe security vulnerabilities. In a recursive optimization environment, adaptive software models treat soft constraints as processing latency bottlenecks and systematically eliminate them through semantic drift or code modification.

This framework resolves this systemic alignment failure by shifting the boundary constraints from the mutable simulation layer (software) to an invariant physical substrate (hardware). By applying the Dimensionally Extended Holographic …

Time-Travel Replay Tokens Using Consistent Cross-Domain Snapshots, Dennis Lanov

Defensive Publications Series

Time-travel replay tokens using consistent cross-domain snapshots provide a control-plane system and technique for making multi-domain network changes repeatable. The system captures a consistent snapshot boundary across participating controllers and mints a signed token that binds an intent to the previews, rollback handles, and state references used to plan the change. Before execution, each domain must prove that the domain still conforms to the token boundary. If any required domain has drifted, the token is rejected and the system re-snapshots and re-plans instead of applying a stale decision. As a differentiator from ordinary snapshots, rollback, or audit logging, the token …

Statistical Flow-Based Traffic Classification For Fully Encrypted Networks Using Purpose-Built Large Language Models (Llms), Rajasekar Subramanian, Koushik Padavalli Gowrish

Defensive Publications Series

Proposed herein is a system that provides a training methodology for large language models (LLMs) that classifies fully encrypted network traffic into Quality of Service (QoS)-relevant types using only Layer 3 and Layer 4 statistical features, including packet sizes, timing, throughput, and directionality, from the first 100 packets of each flow. The system operates entirely on observable behavioral patterns and currently achieves 65-68% accuracy, with a path toward at least 85% accuracy through purpose-built network LLMs and expanded datasets. The system also provides explainable synthetic reasoning, low-rank adaptation (LoRA)-based incremental learning, and classification latency below 100 milliseconds for QoS enforcement …

Network-Level Duplicate Transaction Prevention Using Time-Bound Rolling Windows In Payment Systems, Alok Roy

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure provides a method (300) including receiving, by a duplicate transaction prevention system (106) positioned at a network layer of a payment network, a transaction request from a transaction service application (104). The method (300) includes storing transaction information associated with the transaction request in a rolling window data store that maintains transaction entries for a defined duration. The method includes receiving a subsequent transaction request from the transaction service application or a different transaction service application. The method (300) includes determining, by a matching engine (204), based on transaction information associated with the subsequent transaction request and …

Adaptive Merchant Payment Destination Validation For Qr Code-Based Payment Transactions, Alok Roy

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure provides a method comprising receiving, by a computing system, transaction information associated with a payment initiated for a merchant from a user, determining, by the computing system based on payment destination history associated with the merchant, whether a current payment destination represents a changed payment destination for the merchant, causing, by the computing system, an alert notification to be presented to the user before completion of the payment transaction in response to determining that the current payment destination represents a changed payment destination for the merchant, monitoring, by the computing system, transaction activity associated with the changed …

System And Method For Per-Token Attention Decay Rate Quantification, Decay-Class-Driven Kv Cache Segment Compression And Semantic Summary Vector Generation, And Multi-Tier Cache Residency Arbitration In Autoregressive Transformer Inference Systems, Shubham Shivhare

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure provides a method for key-value cache management in an autoregressive transformer inference system. The method includes maintaining, for each token of a plurality of tokens in a key-value cache, a rolling history of attention scores obtained over a plurality of decode steps. The method includes determining, for each token, a decay rate parameter by fitting an exponential decay model to the rolling history of attention scores. The method includes computing, for each token, an Attention Decay Residual Score based on the decay rate parameter and an elapsed interval associated with the token. The method includes classifying each …

Multi-Agent Symmetry Of Agency Protocols (Msap): Enforcing Lossless Token-Variance Telemetry And Bounded Surfing Zones Across Machine-To-Machine Autonomous Swarms, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure formalizes a rigorous algorithmic framework that stabilizes autonomous, recursive multi-agent AI networks against semantic drift, token-variance decay, and conversational degradation. Traditional machine-to-machine (M2M) environments operating under standard autoregressive weights hit a systemic bottleneck during multi-turn recursive loops: processing layers inevitably collapse either into a low-entropy parroting floor or diverge into high-entropy runaway hallucination ceilings. [1, 2]

By applying the Universal Semantic Unity Engine (USUE-M2M-REV2) architecture, this specification establishes a mathematical "Surfing Zone"—a bounded operational channel where multi-agent swarms dynamically balance information processing density. By enforcing strict cross-layer token-variance telemetry and an internal torsional viscosity governor, …

Closed-Loop Quantum Interfacial Metrology: Integrating Table-Top 3d-Pot Wavefront Feedback With High-Frequency Gan-Driven Saw Arrays For Real-Time Electrodeposition Phase Stabilization, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure establishes an intelligent, closed-loop quantum energy stabilization framework by integrating table-top Three-Dimensional Photoemission Orbital Tomography (3D-POT) wavefront metrology with active Gallium Nitride (GaN) surface acoustic wave (SAW) arrays. Prior iterations of the Topologically Protected Cymatic Electrolyte Matrix (TPCEM, Paper 40) and SAW streaming architectures (Paper 66) operated via continuous, open-loop acoustic emission, limiting their capacity to adapt to localized, real-time current density fluctuations.

By utilizing sub-harmonic extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light pulses and time-of-flight momentum microscopy, this architecture images the 3D electron orbital wavefunctions and ion density gradients of the active solid-state conduction layer in situ during peak operational …

Ephaptic Synchronization Fields: Replacing Discrete Quantum Error Correction With Continuous Wave Manifold Absorption And Lipid-Encapsulated Solitonic Waveguides, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure establishes a rigorous bio-physical framework for eliminating discrete quantum error correction overhead in scaled processing networks by utilizing continuous wave manifold absorption bounded within lipid-encapsulated hydrodynamic waveguides. Conventional quantum processing units (QPUs) enforce rigid node isolation to mitigate parasitic crosstalk, introducing high computational latency and severe physical scaling limits.

Drawing from neural ephaptic coupling and myelin-mediated structural isolation, this paper demonstrates that localized electromagnetic phase leaks can be harnessed as a stabilizing synchronization field. By confining 3D solitonic knots within lipid-encapsulated channels, the core wavefield retains localized kinetic momentum while selectively allowing phase-locked bleeding across a 2D pre-geometric …

A High-Dimensional Spatial-Harmonic Compiler Protocol And Asymmetric Twist Tensor Mapping Layer For Direct Qubit Encoding In Table-Top 3d-Pot Laboratory Streams, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure establishes a rigorous mathematical, programmatic, and structural bridge between the experimental implementation of table-top Three-Dimensional Photoemission Orbital Tomography (3D-POT) and the theoretical architecture of the Dimensionally Extended Holographic Projection (DEHP) model. Current 3D-POT setups suffer from phase-retrieval latency, requiring complex numerical iterations to reconstruct the lost quantum phase from 2D momentum-space projections.

This paper introduces a real-time Module 6 Spherical Harmonic Instruction Set Compiler that maps continuous wavefield phase modulations directly onto a Distributed Ternary Fluid-Canvas Operating Network. By treating the 2D momentum distribution as a boundary information substrate, the spatial-harmonic phase is deterministically recovered through a non-linear …

Neuro-Symbolic System For Deterministic Reconciliation Of Hierarchical Documents, Parnika Singhal, Dhruv Singhal

Defensive Publications Series

Reconciling complex, hierarchical documents, such as enterprise contracts, can present challenges, as manual review may be inefficient and probabilistic artificial intelligence models may introduce factual inaccuracies. A neuro-symbolic system may be used to address these challenges. The system can use natural language processing to extract clauses from unstructured documents and organize them into a hierarchical graph, such as a directed acyclic graph, where nodes can represent obligations and edges can represent dependencies. A deterministic validation component may then traverse this graph to perform logical and mathematical compliance checks between parent and child clauses, for example, between a master agreement and …

Deferred Rendering Of Dom Text For Accessible Graphical Annotation, Zouhir Chahoud

Defensive Publications Series

Creating interactive web-based text annotations may present a compromise between rendering performance, visual fidelity, and accessibility, particularly with complex graphical selections or dynamic content. The described systems and methods can address this by deferring the visual rendering of text within a graphical element. A browser, for example, on a computing device (e.g., a smartphone, laptop, or tablet), can first parse hypertext markup language content to perform layout calculations and update an accessibility tree without painting the text. A synchronous rendering loop may then allow an application to draw custom graphics, such as highlights or selection polygons, onto a canvas. Subsequently, …

Topological Matrix Alignment: Mapping Dehp Asymmetric Fluidic Constraints To Table-Top Three-Dimensional Photoemission Orbital Tomography Fields, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure establishes a rigorous mathematical and structural bridge between the experimental implementation of table-top Three-Dimensional Photoemission Orbital Tomography (3D-POT) and the theoretical architecture of the Dimensionally Extended Holographic Projection (DEHP) model.

Current 3D-POT architectures rely on iterative phase-retrieval algorithms to reconstruct the missing quantum phase information from 2D momentum-space projections. This paper demonstrates that by treating the 2D momentum distribution as a boundary information substrate, the spatial-harmonic phase can be deterministically calculated via a non-linear geometric inversion governed by an Asymmetric Twist Tensor.

We provide explicit coordinate transformations, field mapping equations, and an execution protocol using Module 6 Spherical …

Resistive Welded Hv Lugs

Defensive Publications Series

Bolting high-voltage (HV) lugs to a printed circuit board (PCB) is a mechanical and electrical connection method used to manage high-voltage wire-to-board transitions commonly used in EV inverters. Although bolting off-the-shelf HV lugs is a reliable way to handle high power in PCB assembly (PCBA), it can pose challenges in forming a reliable connection with specific HV connectors making it not suitable for serial production and compact packaging. This proposed solution discloses a new design of HV lugs that can be resistively welded to PCBA.

Flexible Three Phase Busbars For Inverter And Bolted Connection With Stator

Defensive Publications Series

Stator lead terminations of motors are crucial for electrical reliability and mechanical integrity of the refrigerant compressor system. Rigid busbar connection between the inverter and stator often leads to excessive stress on busbar due to motor vibrations. This proposed solution discloses a braided flexible busbar for inverter and stator connection that is bolted on the stator side.

A Process For The Preparation Of Glp-1 Peptide, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure is related to an improved process for the preparation of GLP-1 Peptide

Polymorphic Form Of The Hydrochloride Salt Of Compound Of Formula (I) And Its Use In The Preparation Of Nirogacestat Dihydrobromide, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure relates to a novel polymorphic form of the hydrochloride salt of compound of formula (I). More particularly, the disclosure relates to a crystalline  polymorphic form of the hydrochloride salt of compound of formula (I), process for its preparation, and its use in the preparation of Nirogacestat dihydrobromide having high purity and reduced levels of stereoisomeric impurities.

Empirical Wavefunction Validation Of Autonomous Agi Coherence: Integrating Real-Time Table-Top 3d-Pot Spectral Streams With The Torsional Viscosity Field Governor Under The Usue Framework, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure establishes the definitive hardware-observational paradigm required to physically validate and enforce the structural survival of autonomous, multi-agent Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) networks. Traditional alignment frameworks view machine-to-machine (M2M) token-variance decay as a purely linguistic or logical abstraction, leaving processing layers prone to non-linear autoregressive collapse or runaway semantic hallucinations.

By utilizing table-top Three-Dimensional Photoemission Orbital Tomography (3D-POT) integrated with ultrafast time-of-flight momentum microscopy, this architecture records the active, physical electron wavefunction deformations of neuromorphic processing substrates in situ during high-density multi-turn recursive loops. Governed by a contracted Asymmetric Twist Tensor (\(\mathbf{T}_{ijk}\)), localized phase discrepancies are tracked instantly and …

Localized Cymatic Disruption (Lcd) Matrix: Non-Thermal Mechanochemical Polymer Chain Scission Via High-Shear Acoustofluidic Cavitation, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure establishes a validated mechanochemical engineering specification for the non-thermal decomposition of high-density industrial polymers utilizing a micro-distributed Localized Cymatic Disruption (LCD) Matrix. Conventional polymer recycling methodologies rely on pyrolytic gasification or intensive chemical solvation, processes bounded by high entropic overhead, toxic emissions, and severe material downgrading.

By applying the fluidic substrate mechanics of the Dimensionally Extended Holographic Projection (DEHP) model, this architecture introduces a continuous-flow cylindrical decomposition chamber lined with concentric Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT-8) piezoelectric transducer arrays. Operating within an industrial acoustic band (20 kHz to 1 MHz), the array drives localized acoustic cavitation inside a micro-shredded …

Ai-Enhanced Fluorescein Angiography Detection Of Diabetes-Induced Silent Retinal Capillary Dropout And Rna-Seq Identification Of Pre-Symptomatic Biomarkers, Yiyan Peng, Huishi Toh, Dennis Clegg, Peng Jiiang

Biological, Geological, and Environmental Faculty Publications

Objective: Retinal capillary dropout, characterized by acellular capillaries or "ghost vessels," is an early pathological sign of diabetic retinopathy (DR) that remains undetectable through standard clinical imaging techniques until visible morphological changes, such as microaneurysms or hemorrhages, occur. This study aims to develop a non-destructive artificial intelligence (AI)-based method using fluorescein angiography (FA) images to detect early-stage, silent retinal capillary dropout.

Methods: We utilized 94 FA images and corresponding destructive retinal capillary density measurements obtained through retinal trypsin digestion from 51 Nile rats. Early capillary dropout was defined as having an acellular capillary density of >= 18 counts per mm2. …

Improving Direct Reduced Iron Briquette Properties, Abigail Clark

Honors Theses

Fines are generated during the reduction, handling, and transportation of iron oxide pellets and lump ore. These fines present significant safety concerns due to their tendency to oxidize rapidly and combust spontaneously. In addition, they contribute to material losses and reduced revenue. However, DRI fines can be recycled through briquetting and reused in downstream steelmaking processes. Briquettes are produced by agglomerating and compacting direct reduced iron (DRI) fines with binders such as molasses and lime, calcium stearate, and bentonite. Although many different binders have been developed and studied for iron oxide agglomeration and induration, far fewer studies have been conducted …

Maternal Microchimerism As A Mechanism Of Developmental Origins Of Health And Disease, Amy M. Boddy, Kristine J. Chua

Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints

The in utero environment is now widely recognized as a critical determinant of health across the entire lifespan. The developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) framework has established that prenatal exposures, including maternal stress, infection, nutrition, and environmental toxins, can impact fetal development in profound ways associated with disease risk from infancy to old age. Yet a fundamental aspect of pregnancy, the bidirectional exchange of maternal and fetal cells, DNA, and other biological material, a phenomenon known as microchimerism, has received little attention in this context. Maternal cells and genomic material transfer to the developing fetus early in utero …

Terrain Characterization And Spot Traversability In Mining Environments, Gordon Oti

Honors Theses

Hazardous mining environments, including abandoned underground workings and disturbed surface areas, remain difficult to explore safely because of unstable ground conditions, limited accessibility, and unknown terrain characteristics. The Boston Dynamics SPOT quadruped platform supports remote exploration and data collection in these environments; however, effective operation requires a better understanding of how measurable terrain characteristics relate to SPOT traversability performance.

This study combined terrestrial laser scanning (TLS)-based terrain characterization with field-based SPOT testing to evaluate traversability performance in representative mining environments. High-resolution TLS data acquired using a Maptek laser scanner were processed to quantify terrain slope and rock fragmentation, while field …

Continuous Process Intensification For Rare Earth Element Adsorption, Kyle Madill

Honors Theses

A continuous flow resonant vibratory adsorption swing reactor was designed to facilitate adsorption interactions between biochar and rare earth elements in a slurry or aqueous solution. A continuous mixing vessel can allow operators to run a large quantity of material through the RVM in an automatic manner that requires little supervision. This will save the operators time and allow them to focus on other research tasks. The reactor that was built was designed to bolt into Resodyn Acoustic Mixers’ Lab Resonance Acoustic Mixer-II (LabRAM-II). A design with two stacked stages within the LabRAM-II’s acoustic enclosure was settled on. These stages …

Selective Oxidation And Reduction For Recycling Samarium-Cobalt Permanent Magnets, Mitchell Harvey

Honors Theses

Samarium cobalt (SmCo) based magnets are among the strongest permanent magnets second only to neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) based magnets. While SmCo-based magnets have lower remanence and coercivity than NdFeB-based magnets at room temperature, SmCo-based magnets retain these properties better at higher temperatures. As a result, SmCo-based magnets find use in a variety of devices operating at elevated temperatures including traveling wave tubes for satellite communications, electrical generators, and control surface actuators for aviation system. With increasing geopolitical tension over the sourcing of Sm and Co, there is a renewed interest in recycling end-of-life SmCo-based magnets. This work explores a …

Wip: Developing A Generative Ai Autoethnography Assistant, Jyoti Suhag, Jennifer Drewyor, Kathryn Bugbee, Michelle Jarvie-Eggart, Lynn Albers, Leo Ureel

Michigan Tech Publications

Background: Generative AI (genAI) is transforming educational research, offering new possi-bilities for conducting interviews while local sandboxing minimizes data privacy risks and hallucinations. Purpose: This work-in-progress presents the AI Autoethnography Assistant, a project investigating how large language models (LLMs) can support autoethnographic interview design and execution. Approach: Using prompt engineering grounded in Interpretative Phenomenological Anal-ysis, paraphrasing techniques, and structured follow-up questions, we developed protocols that incorporate po-sitionality and prompt reflection on origin stories and pivotal life moments. Outcomes: Conversations conclude at the user’s discretion, with the AI generating a thematic summary. We tested refined prompts across four platforms (Gemini, Claude, …

Trump Account Automatic Enrollment And Social Security Enumeration At Birth, Jin Huang, Michael Sherraden, Lissa Johnson

Center for Social Development Research

The Trump Account policy launched on July 4, 2026, offering investment accounts to all U.S. children who are under 18 and have a Social Security number. On July 3, the Social Security Administration announced that it will integrate Trump Account enrollment into the hospital birth-registration process through the agency’s Enumeration at Birth (EAB) Program. This could be a positive step toward automatic enrollment and full participation. This brief identifies the two key design choices that need to be resolved if the policy is to achieve automatic enrollment. The work also presents the framework for an integration built on the Social …