Digital Commons Network^™

Caldwell Quantum‑Safe Zero‑Knowledge Authentication Engine (Zk‑Nexus‑1.0), Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

This invention provides a quantum‑safe zero‑knowledge authentication engine designed for networks that must verify identity without revealing credentials. ZK‑NEXUS‑1.0 integrates multi‑domain entropy fusion, resonance‑stabilized randomness, temporal‑artifact removal, lattice‑based zero‑knowledge proofs, and noise‑aligned challenge‑response protocols. The system improves authentication stability, eliminates credential exposure, and enhances resistance to quantum‑accelerated attacks. The core physics principle is that multi‑modal entropy fusion and resonance‑aligned randomness produce high‑stability zero‑knowledge proofs that remain secure against quantum adversaries. This disclosure includes full architecture, BOM, build path, and test protocol. This work is intended as open‑hardware prior art to ensure global public access.

Caldwell Quantum‑Safe Resonance‑Stabilized Cryptographic Key‑Exchange Engine (Qs‑Nexus‑1.0), Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

This invention provides a next‑generation quantum‑safe cryptographic key‑exchange engine designed for hybrid networks that must remain secure against classical and quantum attacks. QS‑NEXUS‑1.0 integrates multi‑modal entropy harvesting, resonance‑stabilized randomness, temporal‑artifact removal, hybrid lattice‑based key encapsulation, and adaptive noise‑aligned packetization. The system improves key‑exchange stability, reduces entropy loss, and enhances resistance to quantum decryption. The core physics principle is that multi‑domain entropy fusion and resonance‑aligned randomness produce high‑stability keys that resist quantum‑accelerated attacks. This disclosure includes full architecture, BOM, build path, and test protocol. This work is intended as open‑hardware prior art to ensure global public access.

Caldwell Multi‑Modal Federated‑Learning Engine With Differential Privacy & Resonance‑Stabilized Aggregation (Fl‑Nexus‑2.0), Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

This invention provides a next‑generation federated‑learning engine for edge devices requiring privacy‑preserving model training without transmitting raw data. The system integrates multi‑modal sensor fusion, temporal‑artifact removal, adaptive gradient compression, differential‑privacy noise shaping, and resonance‑stabilized aggregation to improve accuracy, reduce bandwidth, and enhance privacy. The core architecture uses stabilized multi‑domain tensors and artifact‑cleaned gradients to ensure reliable convergence across heterogeneous devices. The key physics principle is that multi‑modal fusion and resonance‑aligned aggregation reduce drift and noise during distributed learning. This disclosure includes full architecture, BOM, build path, and test protocol. This work is intended as open‑hardware prior art to ensure global …

Uaif‑2.0: Vendor‑Neutral Ai‑To‑Physical‑Safety Contract And Deterministic Enforcement Interface For Cyber‑Physical Systems, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

UAIF‑2.0 defines a vendor‑neutral, machine‑readable safety contract and deterministic enforcement interface connecting AI agent governance systems to independently assured physical‑safety controllers. Existing AI governance layers authorize actions; existing functional‑safety systems enforce physical constraints. No broadly adopted, vendor‑neutral standard currently defines how authorized AI actions should be translated into bounded physical‑domain constraints consumable by a safety‑rated controller.

UAIF‑2.0 introduces a Safety Contract and a Safety Envelope Compiler. The contract binds AI identity, capability, authorization window, physical constraints, safety envelope, provenance, and revocation status into a deterministic, cryptographically verifiable document. The compiler transforms human‑authored safety rules and engineering constraints into a monotonic, …

Caldwell Multi‑Modal Application‑Profile Network Routing Engine (Map‑Nre‑1.0), Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

This invention provides a multi‑modal network‑quality measurement and routing engine designed to classify and route application traffic based on realistic, application‑specific performance metrics rather than high‑priority control packets. The system measures loss, latency, and jitter using traffic profiles that match actual application behavior, enabling routing decisions that reflect true network conditions. The core architecture integrates distributed measurement nodes, temporal‑artifact inspection, multi‑modal signal profiling, and adaptive routing logic. The key principle is that network liveliness must be measured using representative traffic rather than artificially prioritized packets. This disclosure includes full architecture, BOM, build path, and test protocol. This work is intended …

Multi-Channel Orchestration Of Context-Aware User Feedback Collection, Parnika Singhal

Defensive Publications Series

Collecting user satisfaction data can be challenging, as certain methods, such as delayed, single-channel email surveys, may result in low participation and skewed datasets. Disclosed are systems and methods for a multi-channel, event-driven orchestration framework for soliciting user feedback. A system can be initiated by an event, for example a support case closure, and may send an initial notification directing a user to a survey. For users who do not respond, a conditional, context-aware reminder can be delivered through an alternative communication channel, such as a synchronous chat application, after considering factors like the user's local time and calendar availability. …

Decentralized Contextual Personalization Using An On-Device Personal Knowledge Graph, N/A

Defensive Publications Series

Conventional personalization systems that utilize centralized, server-side user data collection may present privacy challenges and can result in profile contamination from transient user intents. A decentralized, client-side framework can shift data storage and processing to a user's local computing device (e.g., a smartphone, smart watch, wearable device, etc.). This framework can utilize a private, on-device knowledge graph to manage user context. For a given user action, a client-side process can extract a relevant sub-graph of contextual data, convert it into a transient, privacy-enhanced vector, and transmit it to a remote service. The service may return a generalized set of results …

Natural Language Query Decomposition Using A Small Language Model With Parallel Schema Processing, Pinkesh Badjatiya

Defensive Publications Series

Conversational artificial intelligence systems for enterprise databases may face a trade-off between the potentially high cost and latency of large models and the potentially lower accuracy of smaller models when processing complex, domain-specific schemas. A system is described for natural language query decomposition that can use a constrained-parameter small language model (SLM). The system can process large data schemas by decomposing them into smaller, parallel batches. Specialized prompt engineering, such as an inverted prompt structure for caching, and a structured reasoning template can guide the SLM. A sequential ambiguity resolver may then consolidate outputs from the parallel workers into a …

Caldwell Thermodynamic Upgrade Engine For Global Gaps 91–100, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

Global infrastructure analyses identify ten critical thermodynamic gaps beyond the first 90 worldwide gaps: humanitarian thermal‑stable blood‑transport nodes, micro‑structured cooling for magma‑adjacent industrial tunnels, atmospheric fluorine‑residue capture, thermal‑stable anaerobic‑digestion reactors, agricultural root‑zone cooling, extreme‑heat seaport‑signal stability, micro‑structured neutralization of industrial perchlorates, thermal‑stable emergency‑evacuation command hubs, water‑positive cooling for border‑region veterinary‑inspection nodes, and micro‑structured cooling for high‑density quantum‑sensor manufacturing.

This disclosure presents a unified thermodynamic upgrade engine composed of gyroid thermal‑hydraulic cores, TPMS purification lattices, vortex‑TPMS cooling modules, atmospheric water harvesters, micro‑particle capture lattices, chip‑scale cooling engines, radiative gyroid condensers, and auxiliary subsystems.

Includes full architecture, subsystem breakdown, BOM, build path, …

Secure Payment Payload Relay From An Offline Payer Device To A Connected Merchant Terminal, Saicharan Nimmala, Vineeth Kumar, Piyush Ramuka, Sanket Jain, Sailendra Bathi, Vishal Shroff

Defensive Publications Series

Digital payment transactions fail when a payer's computing device lacks an active internet connection, which can cause transaction failures in areas with poor network coverage. This disclosure describes systems and methods that address this issue by leveraging a merchant's network connectivity. For example, a payer's offline computing device (e.g., a smartphone, smart watch, or wearable device) can generate a multi-layered, cryptographically secure data payload encapsulating transaction and authorization details. This payload can then be transferred locally, such as via a dynamic quick response (QR) code or near-field communication, to a merchant’s terminal with an active internet connection . The merchant's …

Adaptive Discovery And Policy-Based Routing Of Local And Network Ai Services, Hp Inc

Defensive Publications Series

This article describes a client-side system that discovers artificial-intelligence services available on the same device, on a local network, or through a configured remote connection, and selects a suitable service separately for each request. Selection considers required functions, input sensitivity, response delay, service load, operating cost, network condition, and the client device’s battery and thermal state. A local classifier applies mandatory handling rules before any request leaves the device. Services that fail a functional or data-location constraint are removed; the remaining services are ranked, and ordered alternatives are retained for controlled failover. Conversation state is stored in a service-neutral representation …

Caldwell Thermodynamic Upgrade Engine For Global Gaps 81–90, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

Global infrastructure analyses identify ten critical thermodynamic gaps beyond the first 80 worldwide gaps: humanitarian thermal‑stable vaccine‑transport nodes, micro‑structured cooling for volcanic‑adjacent operations, atmospheric chlorine‑residue capture, thermal‑stable compost‑gas reactors, agricultural micro‑greenhouse cooling, extreme‑heat airport‑signal stability, micro‑structured neutralization of industrial bromates, thermal‑stable emergency‑response coordination centers, water‑positive cooling for border‑region food‑inspection nodes, and micro‑structured cooling for high‑density photonics manufacturing.

This disclosure presents a unified thermodynamic upgrade engine composed of gyroid thermal‑hydraulic cores, TPMS purification lattices, vortex‑TPMS cooling modules, atmospheric water harvesters, micro‑particle capture lattices, chip‑scale cooling engines, radiative gyroid condensers, and auxiliary subsystems.

Includes full architecture, subsystem breakdown, BOM, build path, test …

Process For The Preparation Of Tirzepatide, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

Based on literature, present inventors provide a process for the preparation of Tirzepatide.

Maturity-Adaptive Dynamic Ai Prompt Generation Using Network-Grounded Context Bundles, Mitchell Villeneuve, Pavan Bykampadi, Katie Louise Nail

Defensive Publications Series

A system is described herein for adapting artificial intelligence (AI) assistant landing-page prompts to individual user maturity. A persisted behavioral profile establishes an explorer, practitioner, or power-user stage that controls visible suggestion categories and dynamic-generation eligibility. Before the user submits a query, a coordinator assembles a context bundle from user query history, organization-level intent signals, role-based access control (RBAC) scope, and live network alerts or configuration changes. A large language model (LLM) generates up to five grounded suggestions, which are schema-validated and deterministically filtered for authorization before delivery. Refresh heuristics, context-fingerprint deduplication, per-user concurrency control, and honest empty results bound …

Method For Secure, Least-Privilege Local Execution Of Cloud-Hosted Artificial Intelligence Operations On Day-Zero And Network-Isolated Devices Via A Hardened Endpoint Bridge, Marian Volodymyrovych Rydzanych, Goudam Jaganmohan Muralitharan

Defensive Publications Series

A system is described herein for enabling a cloud-hosted artificial intelligence (AI) agent to securely execute a small, explicitly governed, fully audited set of local actions on an operator workstation. A hardened desktop bridge turns the workstation into a trusted proxy that extends the agent to day-zero, greenfield, and network-isolated devices through serial, Universal Serial Bus (USB), and local area network (LAN) paths during initial bring-up. Least privilege is maintained through a sandboxed renderer, a narrow inter-process boundary, a runtime fail-safe command allowlist, operating system (OS) keychain credential isolation, unconditional shell-metacharacter blocking, and an append-only audit log. The agent can …

Caldwell Thermodynamic Upgrade Engine For Global Gaps 71–80, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

Global infrastructure analyses identify ten critical thermodynamic gaps beyond the first 70 worldwide gaps: humanitarian cold‑chain stabilization, geothermal‑adjacent micro‑cooling, atmospheric sulfur‑residue capture, thermal‑stable landfill‑gas processing, agricultural nutrient‑solution cooling, extreme‑heat rail‑signal stability, micro‑structured neutralization of industrial chlorates, thermal‑stable emergency logistics hubs, water‑positive cooling for border‑region medical triage, and micro‑structured cooling for high‑density semiconductor packaging.

This disclosure presents a unified thermodynamic upgrade engine composed of gyroid thermal‑hydraulic cores, TPMS purification lattices, vortex‑TPMS cooling modules, atmospheric water harvesters, micro‑particle capture lattices, chip‑scale cooling engines, radiative gyroid condensers, and auxiliary subsystems.

Includes full architecture, subsystem breakdown, BOM, build path, test protocol, physics rationale, performance …

Caldwell Thermodynamic Upgrade Engine For Global Gaps 61–70, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

Global infrastructure analyses identify ten critical thermodynamic gaps beyond the first 60 worldwide gaps: thermal‑stable humanitarian refrigeration, micro‑structured cooling for geothermal operations, atmospheric ammonia‑residue capture, thermal‑stable wastewater treatment nodes, agricultural seed‑storage cooling, extreme‑heat telecom tower stability, micro‑structured neutralization of industrial nitrates, thermal‑stable emergency robotics hubs, water‑positive cooling for border‑region checkpoints, and micro‑structured cooling for high‑density manufacturing robotics.

This disclosure presents a unified thermodynamic upgrade engine composed of gyroid thermal‑hydraulic cores, TPMS purification lattices, vortex‑TPMS cooling modules, atmospheric water harvesters, micro‑particle capture lattices, chip‑scale cooling engines, radiative gyroid condensers, and auxiliary subsystems.

Each subsystem is explained in detail, including how it …

Caldwell Thermodynamic Upgrade Engine For Global Gaps 51–60, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

Global infrastructure analyses identify ten critical thermodynamic gaps beyond the first 50 worldwide gaps: humanitarian water‑transport stability, solar‑farm cooling, atmospheric chemical‑residue capture, waste‑sorting thermal stability, agricultural robotics cooling, desert transportation hub cooling, industrial VOC neutralization, emergency power node cooling, mining robotics cooling, and public‑health station cooling.

This disclosure presents a unified thermodynamic upgrade engine composed of gyroid thermal‑hydraulic cores, TPMS purification lattices, vortex‑TPMS cooling modules, atmospheric water harvesters, micro‑particle capture lattices, chip‑scale cooling engines, radiative gyroid condensers, and auxiliary subsystems.

Each subsystem is explained in detail, including how it directly fills a global gap, how it works, and how it …

Caldwell Thermodynamic Upgrade Engine For Global Gaps 41–50, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

Global infrastructure analyses identify ten critical thermodynamic gaps beyond the first 40 worldwide gaps: global food cold‑chain stability, EV fast‑charging cooling, atmospheric micro‑plastic capture, water‑distribution thermal stability, autonomous‑vehicle compute cooling, emergency drone cooling, remote medical‑clinic cooling, agricultural‑chemical neutralization, rural edge‑compute cooling, and robotics cooling in extreme environments.

This disclosure presents a unified thermodynamic upgrade engine composed of gyroid thermal‑hydraulic cores, TPMS purification lattices, vortex‑TPMS cooling modules, atmospheric water harvesters, micro‑particle capture lattices, chip‑scale cooling engines, radiative gyroid condensers, and auxiliary subsystems.

Each subsystem is explained in detail, including how it directly fills a global gap, how it works, and how …

Caldwell Thermodynamic Upgrade Engine For Global Gaps 31–40, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

Global infrastructure analyses identify ten critical thermodynamic gaps beyond the first 30 worldwide gaps: vertical‑farm cooling, micro‑structured desalination, thermal‑stable vaccine manufacturing, atmospheric micro‑particle capture, humanitarian food‑processing stability, satellite ground‑station cooling, remote industrial camp cooling, PFAS‑adjacent soil neutralization, emergency communication node cooling, and AI‑edge device cooling in hot regions.

This disclosure presents a unified thermodynamic upgrade engine composed of gyroid thermal‑hydraulic cores, TPMS purification lattices, vortex‑TPMS cooling modules, atmospheric water harvesters, micro‑particle capture lattices, chip‑scale cooling engines, radiative gyroid condensers, and auxiliary subsystems.

Each subsystem is explained in detail, including how it directly fills a global gap, how it works, and …

Autistic Menopause: Where Should Research Go From Here?, Christine A. Jenkins, Margaret Janse Van Rensburg

Faculty and Staff Publications

Plain language summary

This letter lists seven priorities for future research on autism and menopause. It is written by an early career researcher/assistant professor and a community researcher. Both are neurodivergent themselves.

Capital Structure, Cost Of Capital, And Voluntary Disclosures, Jeremy Bertomeu, Anne Beyer, Ronald Dye

Olin Business School Faculty Research

This paper develops a model of financing that jointly determi nes a firm’s capital structure, its voluntary disclosure policy, and its cost of capital. Investors who receive securities in return for supplying capital sometimes incur losses when they trade their securities with an informed trader. The firm’s disclosure po licy and the structure of its securities determine the information advantage of the i nformed trader, and hence the size of investors’ trading losses and the firm’s cost of ca pital. We establish a hierarchy of optimal securities and disclosu re policies that varies with the volatility of the firm’s cash …

How Often Do Managers Withhold Information?, Jeremy Bertomeu, Paul Ma, Ivan Marinovic

Olin Business School Faculty Research

We estimate a dynamic model of voluntary disclosure, using annual management forecasts of earnings, that features a manager with pri ce motives and an uncertain but persistent information endowment. Our estimates imply that: (i) managers face disclosure frictions 35% of the time; (ii) conditional on being informed, managers withhold information 17% of the time; and ( iii) conditional on being silent, managers possess information 24% of the time. Managers’ strategic withholding motives increase investors’ uncertainty about earnings by 3%. We find that managers’ price motives reduce strategic withholding by one-third, in response to investors’ increased skepticism in the event of …

A Theory Of Hard And Soft Information, Jeremy Bertomeu, Ivan Marinovic

Olin Business School Faculty Research

This paper studies a model of optimal disclosure via two comp eting communi- cation channels, hard information whose value has been veri fied and soft disclo- sures (e.g., forecasts, unaudited statements, press relea ses). We show that certain soft disclosures may contain as much information as hard dis closures and establish that: (a) exclusive reliance on soft disclosures tends to co nvey bad news, (b) cred- ibility is greater when unfavorable information is reporte d and (c) misreporting is more likely when soft information is issued jointly with har d information. We also show that a soft report that is …

A Guided Size Exclusion Chromatography Demonstration For Teaching Polymer Separation And Characterization, Daniel Rivero, Nicole Paccha, Amrita Sarkar

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Practical experience with modern analytical instruments is an essential component of undergraduate chemistry education, yet access to advanced instruments varies widely among institutions because of differences in available resources. Although size exclusion chromatography (SEC) is extensively used in polymer characterization in both academia and industry, undergraduate students at Montclair State University previously had limited opportunities to gain hands-on experience to this technique. To address this need, a demonstration using a multidetector-equipped Malvern Panalytical OMNISEC system was developed and incorporated into a second-year organic chemistry laboratory course during the 2025–2026 academic year. This activity engaged more than 300 undergraduate students representing …

What Determines Free Speech On College Campuses?, Town Oh, Abbylin Sellers

School of Business and Leadership Working Papers

This paper asks two questions. Which institutional characteristics are associated with stronger or weaker campus speech climates? And do institutions take corrective action when they are publicly ranked near the bottom? A university faces two costs of restricting speech: a legal cost that binds only public institutions, and a reputational cost is paid when its climate is publicly observed and private institutions also bear this cost. The evidence comes from five waves of the FIRE College Free Speech Rankings, 1,112 institution-waves covering 257 colleges from 2022 to 2026, merged with IPEDS. On the first question, being a public institution is …

Gender Differences In The Association Between Marriage And Epigenetic Age, Theo O. Moran, Alina M. Kushner, Theodore F. Robles, Jennifer W. Robinette

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Introduction:

Being married is related to better health, but many studies reveal greater health benefits among men relative to women. Some research has indicated that married individuals exhibit decelerated epigenetic age relative to individuals who are not married, but questions remain regarding gender differences therein. The purpose was to investigate gender differences in associations of marital status to epigenetic age (ing) assessed on three clocks/algorithms (PhenoAge, GrimAge, and DunedinPACE).

Methods:

Data from 762 participants in the national Midlife in the United States Study (MIDUS II; men N = 382, women N = 380) were used. Weighted linear regressions were conducted …

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Global, Regional, And National Prevalence Of Second-Hand Smoke And Attributable Disease Burden In 204 Countries And Territories, 1990–2023: A Systematic Analysis For The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2023, Gbd 2023 Second-Hand Smoke Collaborators, Debasish Kar

Peninsula Medical School

SummaryBackground Second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure remains a major source of morbidity and mortality among nonsmokers. This study presents the first dedicated Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD)publication to systematically quantify SHS prevalence and evaluate its effect as a global risk factor across a broaderrange of outcomes.Methods Using the GBD 2023 comparative risk assessment framework, we estimated SHS exposure prevalence andattributable disease burden across 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2023, stratified by age and sex. Exposureestimates were derived by synthesising population-based surveys and household composition data throughspatiotemporal Gaussian process regression. Relative risks for nine health …