Digital Commons Network^™

Forecast Of World Ocean Objectivities, Lloyd V. Stover

Space Congress® Proceedings

National Ocean Goals must be supported by a series of discreet objectives which concurrently enhance World Ocean Goals. In general terms these goals are: "Improve the Ocean Environment, Promote Economic Development of Ocean Resources, Increase Scientific Knowledge of the Ocean, Assure World Peace and Security, and Enhance International Understanding."

The Forecast of World Ocean Objectives has been developed through the year 2000. These objectives have been established in accordance with a time sequence of activities associated with a horizontal consideration of the world ocean.

Relativistic Gravity, Kip S. Thorne

Space Congress® Proceedings

Recent astronomical discoveries -- quasars, pulsars, gravitational waves, cosmic microwave radiation — reveal that relativistic gravitational effects are of great importance in our Universe. Unfortunately, we do not now have a firm experimental basis for deciding which relativistic theory of gravity is correct: Einstein's general relativity theory, the Brans-Dicke scalar-tensor theory, or some other theory. However, space technology will make possible a number of high-precision experimental tests in the next decade.

The Interaction Of Life Sciences & Engineering Technologies In Man/Systems Integration, Wilton W. Murphy, Jay R. Swink, Edward J. Mclaughlin

Space Congress® Proceedings

Advancing technology has led to increasingly sophisticated systems, requiring cooperative interdisciplinary solutions to achieve optimal man/system integration. The life sciences and engineering have started to exchange ideas, techniques, and approaches to this common problem area. The difficulties encountered in such relationships are largely a matter of tradition and the absence of dialogue rather than any basic technical incompatibility. A basis for resolving these differences and the results of such endeavors are discussed.

Techniques And Examples For Zero-G Melting And Solidification Processes, R. T. Frost

Space Congress® Proceedings

Many new processes which can exploit the weightless environment of space have been suggested as possibilities for making improved or unique materials. A large number of these will involve, at some stage, a containerless melt or transfer of molten material Some of the physics and technology problems associated with these processes are discussed. The range of applicability of some new electromagnetic process control methods is also presented.

Unique Manufacturing Processes In Space Environment, Hans F. Wuenscher

Space Congress® Proceedings

The zero gravity or weightless environment during orbital flight makes specific new manufacturing processes possible.

An overview of the current research and technology projects is given. Unique processes are discussed and potential materials and products groups are outlined.

The Space Manufacturing experiments presently in development for the Skylab Orbital Workshop mission are briefly described and follow-on NASA plans and the industrial participation in space processing and manufacturing experiments are outlined.

Communication And Surveillance For Ground Transportation, Daniel E. Magnus, Manlio Abele, Hector Medecki

Space Congress® Proceedings

For high speed intercity or low speed intracity operation, communications and surveillance are important aspects in the design of control systems for advanced ground transportation. New technological approaches in communications and surveillance can provide improvements in system capacity, operational economy, safety and passenger convenience.

A dielectric waveguide for communications and surveillance of vehicle characteristics (position and velocity) has been under experimental and analytical investigation for use along fixed guideways for ground transportation. This communication concept is nonradiating, has a broad bandwidth and provides a high rate of information transfer. Another important aspect of guideway surveillance is the detection of foreign …

Tubeflight -A Review, W. B. Brower

Space Congress® Proceedings

A survey is made of theoretical and experimental work done as part of Project Tubeflight at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute which has been directed at the development of a novel means of highspeed ground transportation. Tubeflight involves a vehicle, shaped much like an aircraft fuselage, which is supported by air cushion devices, and propels itself by one of several possible flow induction devices through a non-evacuated tube. The principal research areas reviewed are: the guideway, propulsion and power required, support, and small-scale experimentation.

Space Shuttle Aerodynamic Development Studies, Jerome E. Butsko

Space Congress® Proceedings

Aerodynamic studies have "been directed to investigating the design requirements associated with the unique operational flight profile of the space shuttle system. The flight regimes include launch; stage separation, orbital operations, entry, transition, cruise and landing. Aerodynamic configurations have been developed by interpreting the mission requirements in terms of required or desired aerodynamic characteristics. Analyses of configuration effects have been performed to obtain these characteristics. In many cases, experimental data has been obtained to either substantiate analytic trends or to provide basic data where the problem is not amenable to analysis.

Separation Dynamics Of Multibody Clusters Of Hinged And/Or Linked Lifting-Entry Vehicles, M. J. Hurley, M. J. Lanfranco

Space Congress® Proceedings

A digital simulation has been developed to compute the kinematics of separation of as many as five auxiliary (boost) elements attached around the periphery of a central core (orbital) element in six rigid-body degrees of freedom for the core and three rigid-body degrees of freedom for each attached auxiliary element. Once separated, all vehicles have six degrees of freedom. All vehicles are assumed to be lifting-entry vehicles and calculations include the aerodynamic properties of both auxiliary and core elements, in addition to the aerodynamic interference obtained from wind tunnel tests. Several separation mechanism options, such as rear pivot, linkages, and …

Practical Applications Of Sequential Pattern Recognition Techniques, R. Newman, B. Reisine

Space Congress® Proceedings

Experiments involving sequential recognition techniques and feature ordering schemes were performed on 23 feature samples of vowel spectra and 12 feature samples of remotely sensed agricultural crop data. Since each experiment dealt with two pattern classes, Wald's sequential probability ratio test was used. The test was implemented with both fixed and time-varying stopping boundaries. Feature ordering was accomplished by both dispersion analysis and the divergence criterion.

Simulation Of Health Manpower Requirements, F. D. Kennedy

Space Congress® Proceedings

This paper is a status report of an ongoing project whose purpose is the development of simulation models to be used in the estimation of health manpower requirements. The research plan is outlined and progress to date is discussed. The models that are summarily described simulate (a) population generation and projection through time, (b) hospital episodes for the simulated population, and (c) the health manpower required in a hospital setting to satisfy the simulated demand. A review of various techniques for estimating manpower requirements in a hospital setting is presented.

Astronaut Maneuvering Research Vehicle, J. R. Tewell

Space Congress® Proceedings

The Astronaut Maneuvering Research Vehicle (AMRV) for use in the Skylab Experiment M509, Astronaut Maneuvering Equipment, is described. The AMRV enables investigation of several maneuvering devices and mobility techniques. The AMRV consists of two maneuvering unit configurations; a Hand Held Meneuvering Unit (HHMU) which provides manually oriented variable thrust control and an Automatically Stabilized Maneuvering Unit (ASMU) which provides fixed thrusters and three selectable attitude control and stabilization modes.

A Large Scale Computer-Based Educational System For The Seventies, Donald L. Bitzer, Dominic Skaperdas

Space Congress® Proceedings

A computer-based education system in use at the University of Illinois is described. Based on many years of teaching experience with this system and on several technological breakthroughs, a design for a large scale computer-based education system capable of serving up to 4,000 student terminals is presented. Working prototypes of a student console and a data distribution system are described. Finally, a cost estimate of the system is presented.

The Use Of Satellite Cloud Photography To Infer Oceanographic Phenomena, James R. Greaves, Clinton J. Bowley

Space Congress® Proceedings

Several years of satellite cloud photography were examined to determine to what extent oceanographic phenomena might be revealed through their influence on the local cloud structure. The region of the Peru Current was selected for the study. As anticipated, indications of known oceanographic features including the Peru Current itself and local upwelling centers were noted. Previously unknown features such as an apparent band of warmer water off the Peruvian coast and anomalous patches of calm water in mid-ocean were also found. A seasonal cloud climatology for the Peru Current area was developed. The importance of coordinated studies using satellites, ships …

Automated Systems For Information Retrieval In Education, William K. Gumming

Space Congress® Proceedings

Efficient retrieval from all kinds of knowledge sources via automated electronic systems is the key to future requirements for transmission of educational information. First-generation hardware is economically and logistically feasible today for any size institution or organization. An example, the Electronic Inquiry System utilized successfully by learners and faculty at Brevard Junior College, is described. Main advantage is the individualization of study procedures. Such configurations may be the prototype for tomorrow's systems of total access and interaction.

New Frontiers In Surface Transportation, James M. Beggs

Space Congress® Proceedings

Land transportation in America today is a paradox of technological development. Our most successful systems seem to cause as many national problems as they solve. Yet our most unsuccessful systems seem to offer many of the solutions we seek. So we are in a period of rethinking and self analysis with respect to national surface transportation development.

In addition to determining the necessary technology and systems consistent with mobility requirements, we must consider the often intangible social goals of the nation. For this reason, many of the systems analysis techniques which have proved so successful in military and aerospace applications …

Interactive Computer Graphics - An Advanced Computer Technology, George V. Yuscavage

Space Congress® Proceedings

Computers have been an invaluable aid as man has grappled with advancing technology. As the computer tool has become more sophisticated, man's ability to master new technologies and applications has been proportionately accelerated. One of the very promising sophistications today is graphics. A research project to:

1. Determine capability and

2. Promote utilization

has been underway at Boeing Huntsville and is the subject of this paper. Reference 1 is devoted to some of the "mechanics" of the program and its operation. This complimentary paper will document the graphics program as an entity, its relationship to the parent organization's function, and …

The Hurricane Modification Project: Past Results And Future Prospects, R. C. Gentry

Space Congress® Proceedings

Modification experiments on Hurricane Debble on 18 and 20 August 1969 were conducted by Project STORMFURY, a cooperative effort of the Departments of Defense and Commerce. The hurricane decreased in intensity following the "seedings" on each of the days. This paper summarizes the history of the Project, discusses the STORMFURY hypotheses, describes the experiment, reports the results, analyses their significance and outlines future plans of the Project.

Broadcast Opportunities With Satellites And Caw, And Their Control In The Public Interest, John L. Hult

Space Congress® Proceedings

This paper explores the opportunities for providing new TV broadcast services and a variety of social benefits from broadcast using satellites and CATV. The relative costs of the various alternatives are outlined, and new regulatory and operational policies are suggested. The paper is intended to ease international concern about the control of satellite broadcasting in order to gain support for permissive frequency allocations. Also, it attempts to stimulate domestic vested interests by outlining a wealth of novel opportunities available under the suggested new policies.

Image Enhancement Techniques, Donald B. Gennery

Space Congress® Proceedings

This paper discusses the enhancement of images to restore detail that has been obscured by blurring. An optical analog method and several digital methods of performing this processing are discussed. Sample results from one of the digital methods are shown.

Sensitivity Techniques In Learning, Martin I. Veiner

Space Congress® Proceedings

There has been a marked increase in the use of sensitivity techniques in recent times. Popular and professional references have flourished with technical articles describing sensitivity used for various objectives which focus on the reactions of the individual or the group in response to encounter. In spite of the available information, many misconceptions persist about sensitivity. The purpose of this paper is to define sensitivity and relate it to the individual in a learning environment. By tracing a picture of legitimate objectives and applications, a better perspective should emerge as to suitable conditions for its use. Finally, the results of …

Optical Communications Using Gallium Arsenide Injection Lasers, Jim A. Boyd, Richard H. Nelson

Space Congress® Proceedings

A synthesis is presented which illustrates the applicability of gallium arsenide injection lasers as the source in high data rate optical communication systems. The synthesized system is a data link between two synchronous relay satellites separated by 45,500 statute miles. Requirements of the system were a data rate of 25 megabits per second and an information error rate of less than 10~5 . The system is synthesized using the parameters of commercially available injection lasers and photodetectors. A greater information capacity is shown when optimistic parameter values are used.

Positioning And Handling In Weightless Environment, L. H. Berge

Space Congress® Proceedings

After experimental verification on the first and second orbital workshops, manufacturing processes suitable for industrial application will emerge. The flight facility environment for this use will contain functional elements similar to those employed in manufacturing on earth.

Several electro-mechanical devices to transfer, position and retrieve space manufacturing equipment are discussed. Application to an orbital manufacturing facility is described.

Experiment Checkout During Postmanufacturing Checkout Of The Apollo Telescope Mount, L. M. Hendrix, J. C. Kandiko

Space Congress® Proceedings

The postmanufacturing checkout of the Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM) offers a real challenge for both the technology of today and the technology of tomorrow. The objective of this discussion is to explain the sequence of tests to be performed on t he ATM experiments to assure flight readiness, based on current preliminary planning information.

Checkout means the verification of all operating systems. The challenge is to define tests today to check out experiments that will be built and flown tomorrow. The engineering state-ofthe art is identified today for a vehicle, including the experiments, that is scheduled to fly in 1972.

X-Ray And Ray Astronomy At The Turning Point, Laurence E. Peterson

Space Congress® Proceedings

Since 1962, approximately 40 point X-ray sources have been isolated, only about six of which have been identified with known radio or optical objects or have been studied over the 1 - 300 keV energy range. Data on the X-ray fluxes, positions, sizes and spectra of these sources have provided new information of considerable astrophysical significance and indicate that the exploratory stage of X-ray astronomy is now over. At higher energies, confirmation of a diffuse flux to 6 MeV and the successful detection of 100 MeV -y-rays from the galaxy indicate the necessity of further exploratory experiments. Satellite borne instruments …

A Total-System View Of Environmental Management, G. E. Clark, R. G. Crum, W. L. Dowdy

Space Congress® Proceedings

Man, vastly increasing in number and continuing to exploit his natural resources, has altered the quality of his environment until it is in danger of becoming unfit for human life. The reversal of this trend must begin with the formulation of a management system that encompasses the total cycle of man's environmental manipulation — from the extraction of raw materials and the production of goods to the eventual disposal of those goods. This paper describes how environmental quality can be managed on a large scale and outlines the methods for implementing this management through the total-system approach.

Portrait Of A State Highway Department, William D. Wright

Purdue Road School

No abstract provided.

Back Cover, Purdue Road School

Purdue Road School

No abstract provided.

Recent Engineering Extension Publications, Purdue Road School

Purdue Road School

No abstract provided.

What's New In Concrete Paving?, Gordon K. Ray

Purdue Road School

No abstract provided.