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Seismic Response Of Deep Soil Profiles In The New Madrid Seismic Zone, William E. Manrod Iii, James E. Beavers, M. Joe Hunt Mar 1991

Seismic Response Of Deep Soil Profiles In The New Madrid Seismic Zone, William E. Manrod Iii, James E. Beavers, M. Joe Hunt

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Geotechnical and geophysical investigations are being performed at a site which is located within 60 km of the epicenter of the 8.7 magnitude New Madrid February 7, 1812 earthquake. The exploration is being performed to determine the seismic response of the soil profile and to evaluate the liquefaction potential of the site. Permanent downhole instrumentation for seismic monitoring will be installed.

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General Report Session 8: Soil Amplification During Earthquakes And Microzonation, J. Carl Stepp Mar 1991

General Report Session 8: Soil Amplification During Earthquakes And Microzonation, J. Carl Stepp

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Dynamic Considerations In The Design Of Paper Machine Foundations, J. P. Lee Mar 1991

Dynamic Considerations In The Design Of Paper Machine Foundations, J. P. Lee

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The design of modern paper machine foundation should consider machine frame supporting foundation and underlying soil as an integrated system. For smooth operation of the machine, quality of paper and economic reasons, a dynamic analysis of the machine system should be performed. This paper discusses three most important factors in the dynamic analysis of a paper machine: (1) Soil-structure interaction effect, (2) frequency analysis, and (3) force-response analysis.

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Prediction Of Vibrations Of Footings For Highly Sensitive Devices, Werner Palloks, Werner Heidrich, Stephan Achilles Mar 1991

Prediction Of Vibrations Of Footings For Highly Sensitive Devices, Werner Palloks, Werner Heidrich, Stephan Achilles

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

When planning foundations for devices sensitive to vibrations the planned location should be investigated for vibrations. These investigations have to include the existing sources in the vicinity as for instance street or rail traffic as well as exciting devices to be installed at the same building site like compressor stations or other machines. The present paper shows a procedure to estimate the vibrations at the planned locations for sensitive devices. The procedure includes investigations of the dynamic soil properties, the decrease of the vibrations with distance, and the transfer functions of rigid footings. It takes into consideration stochastic excitation as …

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Flow Failure Of Liquefied Sand In Large-Scale Shaking Tables, Kenji Ishihara, Mikio Takeuchi Mar 1991

Flow Failure Of Liquefied Sand In Large-Scale Shaking Tables, Kenji Ishihara, Mikio Takeuchi

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Laboratory studies on flow failure in liquefied sand deposits using large-scale shaking tables are briefly introduced, together with a case study on the lateral deformation in the field. The key parameters influencing the occurrence of flow-type deformation are discussed in an effort to figure out a mechanism or scenario of the flow failure. In one series of the laboratory studies, shaking table tests were performed to examine the effectiveness of a preventive measure against the flow slide. This aspect is also discussed briefly.

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Seismic Amplification In The Presence Of Geological And Topographic Irregularities, E. Faccioli Mar 1991

Seismic Amplification In The Presence Of Geological And Topographic Irregularities, E. Faccioli

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Following some introductory remarks on the key aspects of seismic site effects evaluation and on new data of special interest from recent earthquakes, the first part of the paper discusses and compares the performance of numerical 2D and 1D models, as well as of simple exact solutions, in problems of local soil response and of topographic amplification. The second part is devoted to the illustration of a very promising computational tool, i.e. the Fourier (or pseudo spectral) method, for time-domain analyses of seismic wave propagation in heterogeneous elastic media.

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Committees, Multiple Members Mar 1991

Committees, Multiple Members

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Index, Multiple Authors Mar 1991

Index, Multiple Authors

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Author And Discussion Index, Multiple Authors Mar 1991

Author And Discussion Index, Multiple Authors

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Cyclic Load Resistance Of Vertically Reinforced Sand Subgrades, Vijay K. Puri, James A. Chae, Braja M. Das Mar 1991

Cyclic Load Resistance Of Vertically Reinforced Sand Subgrades, Vijay K. Puri, James A. Chae, Braja M. Das

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

This paper presents the results of laboratory scale model footing tests which were conducted for determining the cyclic load resistance of sand subgrades reinforced with semi-flexible vertical elements. The tests were conducted in a sandbox having a length of 91.5 cm, width 15.25 cm, and height of 61.0 cm. Steel bars 1. 58 mm in diameter were used as reinforcing elements. Tests were also conducted by using rough reinforcing elements. The test results indicate that the value of coefficient of elastic uniform compression of the footing on sand increases with the provision of vertical reinforcement in the sand subgrade. Rough …

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Degradation Behavior Of Normally Consolidated Clay Under Cyclic Loading Condition, Meei-Ling Lin, Jiang-Yuan Chen Mar 1991

Degradation Behavior Of Normally Consolidated Clay Under Cyclic Loading Condition, Meei-Ling Lin, Jiang-Yuan Chen

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The degradation behavior of soil may become important when considering the response of soft clay under cyclic loading condition. A nonlinear model was proposed by Idriss, et al. to account for the degradation behavior based on the controlled-strain test. By adopting a numerical procedure, the data obtained in controlled-stress cyclic triaxial test can be used to find the degradation parameter defined in the nonlinear degradation model proposed by Idriss, et al. A series of consolidated-undrained controlled-stress and controlled-strain cyclic triaxial tests were performed on laboratory manufactured normally consolidated soft clay samples. The relationship between degradation parameter and strain was determined …

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Dynamic Properties Of Saturated Coal Fly Ash, Pei-Ji Yu, Wei-Qin Qin Mar 1991

Dynamic Properties Of Saturated Coal Fly Ash, Pei-Ji Yu, Wei-Qin Qin

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The great part of fly ash produced by thermal power plants is either sluiced or filled in disposal areas in China. The dynamic properties of fly ash are important for solving geotechnical problems relating to fly ash mass under dynamic loadings. The high temperature during combustion makes fly ash nonplastic but pozzolanic. The nonplasticity causes the dynamic properties of sluiced and just compacted fly ash to be similar to ones of silts. The pozzolanic action causes obvious aging effect for compacted fly ash, by which an aging time of 180 days may increase maximum shear modulus by 75% to 400% …

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In Situ And Laboratory Tests For The Evaluation Of Dynamic Geotechnical Properties Of A Cohesive Deposit In Florence, T. Crespellani, G. Vannucchi, A. Ghinelli Mar 1991

In Situ And Laboratory Tests For The Evaluation Of Dynamic Geotechnical Properties Of A Cohesive Deposit In Florence, T. Crespellani, G. Vannucchi, A. Ghinelli

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

In order to determine dynamic parameters to use for seismic microzoning purposes in a new development area near Florence, the dynamic behavior of the alluvial silty clays situated in the upper 60 m of the deposit was experimentally investigated using geophysical surveys and cyclic laboratory tests. Previous studies on the geotechnical properties of the clays of Florence revealed that, in spite of some similarities in a comparison with other coeval clays described in the literature this soil exhibits a few anomalies, as e.g. higher variations between field and laboratory shear waves velocities and remarkable differences in the coefficients of the …

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Laboratory Tests On Embedded Reactor Building On Hard Ground, Hiroshi Hibino, Masanori Izumi, Ken'ichi Moriyama, Yukiharu Kiya Mar 1991

Laboratory Tests On Embedded Reactor Building On Hard Ground, Hiroshi Hibino, Masanori Izumi, Ken'ichi Moriyama, Yukiharu Kiya

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

In order to experimentally confirm the dynamic characteristics of embedded reactor building, shaking table tests and hammering tests were carried out, utilizing hard ground model made of hard silicone rubber and structural model made of aluminum which is embedded by soft silicone rubber. From the test results, it was confirmed that embedment increases system frequency of soil- structure interaction system, the ratio of elastic deformation of structure and radiation damping. Using the transient data of impulse responses, impedance function and foundation input motion could be identified in a smooth shape. Simulated results for non-embedded case by wave propagation theory and …

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Shaft Resistance During Driving In Clay From Laboratory Tests, A. Ben Amar, D. Levacher, Ph. Lepert, P. Boisard Mar 1991

Shaft Resistance During Driving In Clay From Laboratory Tests, A. Ben Amar, D. Levacher, Ph. Lepert, P. Boisard

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

This paper presents a laboratory study which aimed at investigating the soil/pile interaction during driving. A short review of past experimental works justifies the need for more consistent data. The test equipment (a rod driven through a sample of soil) is briefly presented and some signals are displayed to illustrate the quality of the measurements. The tests were performed on samples of normally consolidated Kaolinit clay. The analysis of the stress waves propagating in the rod, during driving, provided a good estimation of interaction forces, bar velocities and displacements of the pile model in the sample. Relationships were established between …

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Comparison Of Limit-State Seismic Earth Pressure Theories, D. G. Elms, R. Richards Jr. Mar 1991

Comparison Of Limit-State Seismic Earth Pressure Theories, D. G. Elms, R. Richards Jr.

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The paper considers how, for the limit analysis approach to the seismic design of earth retaining structures, both the magnitude of soil force and the center of pressure vary with the type of displacement of the structure in translation or rotation. Two approaches are used. The first assumes that for a rotating wall the apparent internal friction angle of the backfill will vary for purely geometrical reasons. The second considers the effect of the peaked form of the stress-strain curve for a dense cohensionless soil. Both approaches show that, compared with a wall rotating about its base, the center of …

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Analysis Of Site Effects At The Garner Valley Downhole Array Near The San Jacinto Fault, Sandra H. Seale, Ralph J. Archuleta Mar 1991

Analysis Of Site Effects At The Garner Valley Downhole Array Near The San Jacinto Fault, Sandra H. Seale, Ralph J. Archuleta

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The Garner Valley downhole array is located in the geologically complicated and seismologically active San Jacinto fault zone. The choice of the site and the potential for a large earthquake there are discussed. The equipment is described in detail. The data recorded through the end of 1 April 1990 are summarized. Two large events at different locations are discussed in some detail and analyzed for amplification of the signal at the surface.

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Cellular Normal Modes: An Explanation For Alluvium Response To Earthquakes, W. R. Stephenson Mar 1991

Cellular Normal Modes: An Explanation For Alluvium Response To Earthquakes, W. R. Stephenson

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The cellular mode concept uses simple physical reasoning to treat the response of soft sediments to earthquake shaking. It assumes that discrete areas of the ground, or "cells", have normal modes of vibration, and that each cell has its own natural frequency of vibration. Evidence indicates that shaking effects often relate directly to cell properties. Thus the 1967 Caracas, 1976 Tangshan, 1985 Mexico and 1989 San Francisco earthquakes have damage patterns, liquefaction patterns and instrumental record features which reflect the response of cellular modes. Since the introduction of the concept in 1974 a range of analytical and numerical techniques have …

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Earthquake Ground Motion Amplification In Mexico City, Hsien-Hsiang Chiang, Nien-Yin Chang Mar 1991

Earthquake Ground Motion Amplification In Mexico City, Hsien-Hsiang Chiang, Nien-Yin Chang

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The 1985 Michoacan earthquake caused extensive loss of life and severe damages. During the earthquake, the ground motions recorded at the soft clay sites were amplified by 8 to 50 times those at nearby rock sites. This study evaluates the factors influencing the seismic characteristics of the lakebed deposit in Mexico City. The essential components of response analysis are examined in both 1-D and 2-D soil systems. The amplification of ground motion can be evaluated in both 1-D and 2-D analyses. Results show that the soil property has much greater influence than the control motion on the surface ground motion. …

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Applications Of The Band-Limited-White Noise Source Model For Predicting Site-Specific Strong Ground Motions, Ivan G. Wong, Walter J. Silva, Robert B. Darragh, Cathy Stark, Douglas H. Wright Mar 1991

Applications Of The Band-Limited-White Noise Source Model For Predicting Site-Specific Strong Ground Motions, Ivan G. Wong, Walter J. Silva, Robert B. Darragh, Cathy Stark, Douglas H. Wright

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Since the Band-Limited-White-Noise (BLWN) source model coupled with random vibration theory (RVT) was first developed in the early 1980's, it has been used successfully to predict strong ground motions at rock sites in different tectonic regimes. The BLWN-RVT methodology is appropriate for an engineering characterization of strong ground motions at a site since the method captures the important features of these motions in terms of peak acceleration and spectral composition and requires a minimum of input parameters. Recently, the capability to estimate strong ground motions at soil sites has been incorporated into the methodology by using RVT and plane-wave propagators …

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Post Evaluation On Reservoir Triggered Seismicity Of Khao Laem Dam, N. Hetrakul, B. Tanittiraporn, R. Sittipod, P. Vivattananon Mar 1991

Post Evaluation On Reservoir Triggered Seismicity Of Khao Laem Dam, N. Hetrakul, B. Tanittiraporn, R. Sittipod, P. Vivattananon

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Investigation on reservoir associated earthquake phenomena in western part of Thailand was carried out since early 1983. After impoundment of Khao Laem Reservoir in June 1984 earthquake events had been recorded by micro seismic network around reservoir area. Evaluation of seismic parameters and earthquake pattern and the focal mechanism solutions indicate the earthquakes were triggered by impoundment and the hypocentral distribution confirm the earthquake activities along the north east direction. Results obtained from investigation clearly differentiate the reservoir induced earthquakes phenomena from natural tectonic earthquakes.

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Statistical Relations Between Intensity And Magnitude Of Southeastern United States Earthquakes, Ali A. Nowroozi Mar 1991

Statistical Relations Between Intensity And Magnitude Of Southeastern United States Earthquakes, Ali A. Nowroozi

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The least squared, the major axis and the reduced major axis criterion are used to deduce a statistical relation between magnitude, mbLg, and intensity, I, for the earthquakes-in southeastern United States. Based on a catalog of 162 events during 1833 to 1987, with magnitudes between 1.1 and 6.9 and intensities between II and X, it is shown that the reduced major axis criterion produces: mbLg = (0.656 ± 0.058)*I + (0.402 ± 0.178), which is the best predictor equation of magnitude for the upper range of the observed intensities. The predictor equations based on the least squared …

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General Report Session 11: Dynamic Characteristics Of Vibration Sources Other Than Earthquakes, Toyoaki Nogami Mar 1991

General Report Session 11: Dynamic Characteristics Of Vibration Sources Other Than Earthquakes, Toyoaki Nogami

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Performance Of A Cement Silo Under Quarry Blast, Krishen Kumar, Gopal Ranjan, Shamsher Prakash Mar 1991

Performance Of A Cement Silo Under Quarry Blast, Krishen Kumar, Gopal Ranjan, Shamsher Prakash

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Behaviour of a 67 m tall R.C.C. twin storage-cum-blending cement silo has been studied under blast loads from a nearby limestone quarry. This paper reports the findings of the analytical and experimental studies and verification of the results of analysis by the measurements made on the prototype structure, which agreed within 10%. Acceleration response of the structure were recorded for a blast of 2.61 t having six delays with maximum charge per delay 800 kg. A series of small and large size blasts were conducted to establish relationship between peak ground acceleration and distance from the blast. Non-dimensional acceleration response …

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Response Of Frame Foundations To Vertical Vibrations, P. J. Moore, T. P. Tan Mar 1991

Response Of Frame Foundations To Vertical Vibrations, P. J. Moore, T. P. Tan

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A series of vertical vibration tests was carried out on small lm span steel portal frames of different stiffnesses and supported on two isolated rigid circular footings on a compacted sand deposit. Dynamic loading was applied to the center of the frame and the response was monitored by means of six accelerometers attached at various locations. The resonant frequency and the maximum amplitude of vibration were observed to be dependent on the frame stiffness and two theoretical models, the combined method and the dynamic deformation method, were used to compare calculated and observed results.

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Behavior Of Buildings In August 21, 1988 Bihar-Nepal Earthquake, S. K. Thakkar, D. K. Paul, S. Mukerjee, S. Bandyopadhyay, Ashwani Kumar, B. V. K. Lavania Mar 1991

Behavior Of Buildings In August 21, 1988 Bihar-Nepal Earthquake, S. K. Thakkar, D. K. Paul, S. Mukerjee, S. Bandyopadhyay, Ashwani Kumar, B. V. K. Lavania

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A moderate size earthquake rocked Bihar-Nepal border at 4.40 hrs. on August 21, 1988 causing wide spread devastation leading to loss of many lives and economic loss to the people of that region. The paper describes the study of damages occurred in masonry buildings, reinforced concrete buildings and liquefaction of the soil. The weakness of construction causes of damage and lessons learnt from the performance of structures are highlighted. The traditional and old structures without any earthquake resistance measures has suffered greater damage. The new reconstruction and strengthening measures must take into consideration the experience of failure of structures.

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June 20, 1990 Earthquake Of Northern Iran: An Overview, F. Nateghi, S. Eshghi Mar 1991

June 20, 1990 Earthquake Of Northern Iran: An Overview, F. Nateghi, S. Eshghi

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

On the day of June 20, 1990 at 21:00 GMT (June 21, 1990, at 00:30 local time) a destructive earthquake of magnitude 7.6 shook Northern provinces of Iran. It caused widespread geotechnical and structural damages covering an approximate area of 10,000 sq. km resulting in 37,000 life losses, 100,000 injuries, and 100,000 building failures leaving more than 400,000 people homeless. This paper summarizes the post-earthquake investigations and discusses the general engineering aspects of the June 20, 1990 seismological, geotechnical, and structural aspects of the event. Lessons learned are also discussed.

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Dynamic Soil – Pile Parameters, K. Muthukrishnaiah, V. S. Raju Mar 1991

Dynamic Soil – Pile Parameters, K. Muthukrishnaiah, V. S. Raju

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Results of lateral dynamic load tests conducted on precast driven concrete piles at two Project sites, one in South India (two individual piles) and another in Western India (one individual pile and two numbers of two-pile groups) are reported in the Paper. Shear wave velocities were determined from Cross Hole tests at the pile cut-off level at the test pile locations at the two sites. These values are compared with those reported in literature for two similar types of soils, namely, alluvial clay and alluvial sand. The subsoil conditions including Standard Penetration Test data and Static Cone Penetration Test data …

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Preliminary Report On The Geotechnical Aspects Of The Philippine Earthquake Of July 16, 1990, Kohji Tokimatsu, Shinichi Kuwayama, Saburoh Midorikawa, Akio Abe, Shuji Tamura Mar 1991

Preliminary Report On The Geotechnical Aspects Of The Philippine Earthquake Of July 16, 1990, Kohji Tokimatsu, Shinichi Kuwayama, Saburoh Midorikawa, Akio Abe, Shuji Tamura

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The Philippine earthquake of July 16, 1990 (MS = 7.8), of which epicenter is about 100 km north of Manila city, was one of the most costly single natural disasters in Philippine history. The loss of life of over 1,600 persons resulted. Extensive damage to buildings, roads, embankments, natural slopes, and bridges was observed in a widespread area of approximately 20,000 square kilometers. One of the major causes of the damage was liquefaction of various sandy soils including artificially fills, alluvial deposits of river delta, and sandbars. This paper presents a preliminary overview of damage aspects of the earthquake, …

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Soil Amplification At Treasure Island During The Loma Prieta Earthquake, Roman D. Hryciw, Scott E. Shewbridge, Kyle M. Rollins, Michael Mchood, Matthew Homolka Mar 1991

Soil Amplification At Treasure Island During The Loma Prieta Earthquake, Roman D. Hryciw, Scott E. Shewbridge, Kyle M. Rollins, Michael Mchood, Matthew Homolka

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The Loma Prieta Earthquake ground motions recorded on Treasure Island, a man-made fill in San Francisco Bay were considerably greater than on the adjacent Yerba Buena rock outcrop. The Yerba Buena motions were used as input to the computer program SHAKE90 for computing soil amplification at Treasure Island. Shear wave propagation velocities were obtained by seismic cone penetration testing. Reasonable agreement was observed between the computed and recorded accelerations at the strong motion recording station. The maximum computed accelerations around the island ranged from 0.13 to 0.20 g's. The degree of damage at various locations on the island correlated somewhat …

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