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Multiple Case Analysis Exploration Of Prenatal Substance Exposure On Juvenile Adjudicative Competence, Danielle Leigh Williams
Multiple Case Analysis Exploration Of Prenatal Substance Exposure On Juvenile Adjudicative Competence, Danielle Leigh Williams
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Research into the neurological and cognitive factors influencing juveniles’ adjudicative competence psycholegal abilities is needed to ensure their due process rights and help inform qualified forensic mental health examiners offering their opinions on adjudicative competence in courts. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of prenatal substance exposure on neurological factors related to juveniles’ abilities to understand the charges against them and participate in legal proceedings. Jean Piaget’s cognitive developmental theory was the theoretical framework for this study. Concrete operational and formal operational stages of cognitive development were addressed to help frame juveniles’ factual and rational understanding …
African American Mothers’ Experience In The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Lauren Magruder
African American Mothers’ Experience In The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Lauren Magruder
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Black/African American (B/AA) mothers struggle disproportionately with problems related to childbirth. B/AA mothers have higher rates of premature births, infant death prior to age one, and death during childbirth. The purpose of this research was to add to present knowledge regarding B/AA mothers who have had a baby in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Womanist theory was selected as a framework for the study because it focuses on the intersection of gender and race in relation to B/AA women. The experience of B/AA women in U.S. society is unique, in that it involves several pervasive stereotypes and controlling images. …
Effect Of Insecticide-Treated Nets On Anemia In Nigerian Children, Adamu Onu
Effect Of Insecticide-Treated Nets On Anemia In Nigerian Children, Adamu Onu
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Childhood anemia is a significant public health problem in Nigeria and frequently coexists with malaria. The mortality associated with malaria increases when anemia is present. Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are a cheap and effective malaria preventive measure that can provide a protective barrier from insects. There are conflicting results from several studies on the effect of ITNs on anemia in children, with fewer studies on the effect of ITNs on anemia in Nigerian children. This study aimed to measure the effect of ITN use on anemia among children aged 6–59 months in Nigeria. The social ecological model was used as the …
How The Rise In Student Loan Debt Affects Residential Real Estate, Heather Nicole Dufour
How The Rise In Student Loan Debt Affects Residential Real Estate, Heather Nicole Dufour
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Student loan debt has increased significantly over the past several years. At the same time, there has been a historic drop in first-time home buyers. What remains uncertain is if these two trends are related. The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine the relationship between student loan debt and home ownership for young adults in the United States. The theoretical foundation focused on consumer behavior through Maslow’s motivation-need theory. Individual-level longitudinal data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 was used to examine more than 3,000 participants’ responses regarding their student loan debt and home ownership status, …
Workplace Spirituality: A Study Of Human Resource Practices Promoting Employee Engagement, Terri Denise James
Workplace Spirituality: A Study Of Human Resource Practices Promoting Employee Engagement, Terri Denise James
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Workplace spirituality is a growing phenomenon, yet a research problem exists because many organizational leaders do not fully understand how workplace spirituality can be used to improve employee engagement, and no clear workplace guidelines exist for U.S. human resource (HR) professionals to follow. The study’s purpose was to examine how HR practices can support workplace spirituality and improve employee engagement. The research question focused on how HR professionals practice servant leadership to support employees’ internal and external workplace spirituality needs and promote employee engagement. A snowball sampling approach was used to select participants who are HR professionals with 5 years …
Bridging Psychological Distance In Construal Of Climate Change Consequences Through Intergenerational Dialogue, David Ryan Richardson
Bridging Psychological Distance In Construal Of Climate Change Consequences Through Intergenerational Dialogue, David Ryan Richardson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
As climate and environmental scientists work to address the practical challenges presented by global climate change, researchers examining environmental attitudes have obtained inconsistent outcomes in efforts to increase awareness and engagement with the topic to increase support for proenvironmental policies. Using construal level theory as the central framework, the purpose of this study was to examine whether construal level of long-term consequences of climate change (the dependent variable), assessed indirectly using the Environmental Attitudes Inventory scale, can be reduced by priming an individual to think of a temporally distal but socially proximal target (specifically, a genetic descendant) while engaging in …
Social And Emotional Learning Program Implementation: Educators’ Perspectives Of Preparation And Support, Papani Saini
Social And Emotional Learning Program Implementation: Educators’ Perspectives Of Preparation And Support, Papani Saini
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Teachers are not properly prepared and supported to implement social and emotional learning (SEL) programs in the United States. Teachers must be properly equipped to be successful throughout implementation, thereby allowing students to reap the benefits of SEL programming. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to explore K-2 educators’ perspectives regarding the preparation and support they need to implement SEL programming. The conceptual framework for this study was based on Scheirer’s program implementation theory. The research questions focused on the perspectives of K-2 educators regarding the preparation and support they need for SEL program implementation. Purposeful sampling was …
Vicarious Trauma As Experienced By Male Therapists, Michael Felt
Vicarious Trauma As Experienced By Male Therapists, Michael Felt
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Vicarious trauma (VT) is a recently focused on phenomenon that describes the negative effects of treating trauma victims. VT causes pervasive and permanent changes to the self-image and worldview of the therapist. Research is sparse regarding the ways male therapists experience VT. The purpose of this study was to explore the male therapist’s experience with VT and is crucial for developing a greater understanding of VT in order to enhance awareness, resilience, and prevention. The study was based on the constructivist self-development theory because VT was developed through the lens of this theory and is primarily defined as the intrapsychic …
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Within Risk-Needs-Responsivity In Treatment Of Sex Offending Psychopaths, Delita Gourdine Welch
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Within Risk-Needs-Responsivity In Treatment Of Sex Offending Psychopaths, Delita Gourdine Welch
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Debate exists that supports the integration of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) within risk-needs-responsivity (RNR) in treatment when managing the behaviors in diagnosed sex-offending psychopaths. Although sex offending psychopaths are challenging, they are not immune to managing their behavior and maintaining a positive lifestyle and they can benefit if they can be retained in treatment. Guided by the cognitive behavioral theory, the purpose of this study was to examine how therapists manage the behaviors of diagnosed sex-offending psychopaths when integrating CBT within RNR. Therapists in practice who integrate CBT within RNR with sex offending psychopaths, answered questions about several aspects of CBT …
Sentencing Length Disparity Across Gender And Race For Drug Offenses, Alexis Griggs
Sentencing Length Disparity Across Gender And Race For Drug Offenses, Alexis Griggs
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Research on sentencing outcomes have concentrated on disparities between gender and race with a range of influences in legal decision making. This study was an examination of whether the same form of sentencing inconsistency is found with offenders who were convicted of drug offenses. A quantitative method (ANCOVA) was used to analyze the difference in sentencing outcomes. Data from the United States Sentencing Commission from 2016 fiscal year were used to investigate the role of gender and race in sentencing disparity and examine whether an offender’s prior sentencing history and drug amount influences sentencing outcomes. The results of this study …
Determinants Of Substance Abuse Among Users With Mental Health Issues In Ogun State, Nigeria, Michael Olusegun Adejimi
Determinants Of Substance Abuse Among Users With Mental Health Issues In Ogun State, Nigeria, Michael Olusegun Adejimi
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
In Nigeria, about 14.3 million people use drugs without physician prescription and approximately 30% of Nigerians suffer from mental illness, some of which is due to substance abuse. This study examined the associations between (a) socio-demographic factors and substance abuse among users with mental health issues in Ogun State Nigeria, (b) clinical variables and substance abuse among users with mental health issues, (c) negative life events and substance abuse among users with mental health issues, and (d) social supports and substance abuse among users with mental health issues. This study theoretical framework was based on the definition of mental health …
Conflict In Human Relationships And Seeking Out Pets As A Safe Haven, Jennifer Rachael Bakal
Conflict In Human Relationships And Seeking Out Pets As A Safe Haven, Jennifer Rachael Bakal
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Research has revealed the positive physical and the psychological aspects of pet ownership, suggesting that an individual’s attachment style can impact the kind of relationship they have with their pet. Two theories guided this qualitative study; the first was Bowlby’s attachment theory, which suggests that if a child feels that the attachment figure is attentive and accessible, the child will feel loved and secure. Another theory was Ainsworth’s attachment theory in which attachment figures are described as possessing four features: proximity maintenance, separation distress, secure base, and safe haven. This study consisted of 212 participants at least 18 years old …
Transnational Threats To Maritime Systems And Seaport Security, Eric L. Hampton
Transnational Threats To Maritime Systems And Seaport Security, Eric L. Hampton
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
An assessment of a 16-year period since the 9/11 attacks indicated that more than 14,000 security breaches in which security measures at seaports were circumvented due to vulnerabilities occurred and more than 24,000 suspicious activity reports were made. The susceptibility of United States’ seaports to groups engaged in criminal activities, including drug trafficking, cargo theft, and smuggling of contraband and people undermines security practices and renders the nation vulnerable to acts of terrorism. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore seaport security measures to identify and understand internal and external factors that may impact protection practices at U.S. …
Receiving Positive Hiv Test Results From Home Testing And Suicidality, Nekeisha A. Hewitt
Receiving Positive Hiv Test Results From Home Testing And Suicidality, Nekeisha A. Hewitt
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Limited studies have been conducted on whether receiving a positive result from at-home HIV testing correlates with suicidality (suicidal attempt or ideation). Based on the Ajzen theory of planned behavior, this cross-sectional study comprises a surveyed convenience sample of (N = 213) HIV -positive or negative adults who either tested for HIV at home or in-clinic. The purpose of this study was to explore any association between testing positive for HIV using the HIV at-home test kit and (a) suicidal attempt and (b) suicidal ideation; also, to discover any association between (c) HIV-negative and suicidality and (d) all HIV-positives …
Association Between Bisphenols, Acrylamide, Glycidamide, Fast Food, And Obesity: An Obesogenic Perspective, Morgan Murphy
Association Between Bisphenols, Acrylamide, Glycidamide, Fast Food, And Obesity: An Obesogenic Perspective, Morgan Murphy
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous man-made substances that have the ability to interfere with hormone action and are believed to be a contributing factor to chronic illnesses, including but not limited to obesity. Recent studies have suggested that environmental agents (environmental obesogens), such as food additives, plasticizers, and personal care products are contributors that aid in the altering of hormone receptors and hormone mimicry. Such environmental obesogens have the potential to promote adipogenesis and fat accumulation. In this study, the social-ecological model was used to determine the factors that can influence the increased exposure to obesogenic chemicals at the …
Mobile Network Infrastructure Security In Developing Countries – A Kenya Case Study, James M. Omanwa
Mobile Network Infrastructure Security In Developing Countries – A Kenya Case Study, James M. Omanwa
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The usage of mobile network infrastructure to access internet resources for organizations is getting higher year by year in sub-Saharan Africa. However, there was an increase in malicious attacks on mobile networks and devices accessing mobile network infrastructure, targeting organizations’ private information. Grounded in Bandura’s social cognitive theory, the purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies security managers used to secure mobile network infrastructures from cyberattacks. Participants comprised four security managers in Kenya in two major cities who successfully implemented strategies to mitigate cyberattacks on the mobile network infrastructures. Data were gathered from video conference, face-to-face, semi-structured …
Quality Of Crisis Stabilization Units: Assessing The Treatment Of Adolescents With Co-Occurring Symptoms, Vincent Rodriguez
Quality Of Crisis Stabilization Units: Assessing The Treatment Of Adolescents With Co-Occurring Symptoms, Vincent Rodriguez
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractThe purpose of this quantitative quasi-experimental one-group pretest/posttest design study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Las Vegas Valley crisis stabilization units (CSU) in treating adolescents with comorbid mental health disorders. The specific problem entailed examining the efficacy of CSUs in addressing comorbidities among adolescents when dual-diagnosis symptoms were present. Scholarly evidence in this regard was lacking. The quantitative examination included patient data from the Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure (CCSM). Baseline and outcome CCSM scores of the test required determining whether a statistically significant difference in CCSM scores occurred between the baseline and outcome. The sample was 120 adolescent patients with …
Social Media Marketing Engagement Strategies To Increase Sales, Teresa Rosanne Carter
Social Media Marketing Engagement Strategies To Increase Sales, Teresa Rosanne Carter
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractSocial media has transformed marketers' communication and engagement with consumers, yet the lack of social media marketing strategies hinders marketers’ effectiveness in increasing sales. Marketers who fail to increase sales are at a higher risk of business failure. Grounded in the relationship marketing theory, the purpose of this qualitative multicase study was to explore the strategies social media marketing managers use to engage digital consumers to increase sales. The participants comprised three marketing managers in South Carolina who effectively used social media marketing strategies to engage digital consumers and increase sales. Data were collected from semistructured interviews and a review …
Analyzing Regional Impact Of Caregiving On Obesity Prevalence Among U.S. Adults, Myra Callis Johnston
Analyzing Regional Impact Of Caregiving On Obesity Prevalence Among U.S. Adults, Myra Callis Johnston
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Obesity remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Historically, sparse research efforts have focused on informal caregiving as a possible risk factor for developing chronic illnesses across the United States. Identifying additional subgroups at higher risk of becoming obese could provide insights into where public health practitioners, the health care community, and policy makers can direct limited resources through a more targeted approach. The theoretical foundation for the current project was the social cognitive theory. In this secondary correlational analysis using the 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data set, the relationship between …
Knowledge Workers’ Daily Experiences With Technostress And Presenteeism: A Single Case Study, Teresa Himes Mcgovern
Knowledge Workers’ Daily Experiences With Technostress And Presenteeism: A Single Case Study, Teresa Himes Mcgovern
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Despite the prominence of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)-enabled technostress in organizations, there is a gap in the literature on how knowledge workers cope with technostress, and managers know little about the interface of ICT-induced presenteeism on employee productivity. The overarching research question was developed to address the purpose of this qualitative single case study with embedded units, which was to understand the perceptions of knowledge workers on the interface of technostress and ICT-induced presenteeism on their work productivity. This study was framed by the concept of presenteeism developed by Lohaus and Habermann within their comprehensive presenteeism model, a decision-integrated …
Assessing Risk Factors Pre-Disposing Individuals To Noise Induced Hearing Loss, Martin David Slade
Assessing Risk Factors Pre-Disposing Individuals To Noise Induced Hearing Loss, Martin David Slade
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) has the highest prevalence of all occupational diseases in the manufacturing sector accounting for one out of every nine recordable illnesses. Currently, after accounting for known risk factors, a large amount of unexplained variance remains in statistical models of NIHL. The purpose of this study was to determine the underlying factors pre-disposing people to NIHL as well as the association between early and future occupational hearing loss. The ecological model of health behavior provided the theoretical framework for this study. The key research questions were: which demographic factors (age, gender, and race) are associated with …
Educators’ Roles In Promoting Foster Care Children’S Sense Of Well-Being In Early Childhood Settings, Francoise Erlich Snyder
Educators’ Roles In Promoting Foster Care Children’S Sense Of Well-Being In Early Childhood Settings, Francoise Erlich Snyder
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
This qualitative study addressed educators’ roles in promoting a sense of well-being in prekindergarten and kindergarten students in the foster care system in the southwestern United States. Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological systems theory framed this exploration of educators’ roles in supporting foster children’s sense of well-being. Purposeful sampling was used to recruit nine educators from three different school settings with a minimum of 3 years of experience working with students in foster care. Data were collected during digitally audio-recorded interviews that explored how two administrators, two curriculum specialists, and five teachers with 3 to 25 years of experience working with students in …
The Lived Experience Of Parents Of Children With Irlen Syndrome: A Biopsychosocial Perspective Of The Effects Of Tinted Lenses And Colored Overlays, Bettina Lenise Young
The Lived Experience Of Parents Of Children With Irlen Syndrome: A Biopsychosocial Perspective Of The Effects Of Tinted Lenses And Colored Overlays, Bettina Lenise Young
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Reading illiteracy is a continuing problem in society. Irlen purported many individuals struggle with reading due to a perceptual processing problem called Irlen Syndrome (IS). Existing research supports the use of colored overlays and tinted lenses to alleviate reading difficulties but has focused primarily on the biological benefits of improved reading while neglecting the IS child’s psychological and social well-being. Viewed from a biopsychosocial perspective, the purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of parents of children with IS who used colored overlays or tinted lenses. Engel’s biopsychosocial theory acted as a guide for the …
Poststroke Depression And The Lived Experiences Of The Family Caregiver And Care Recipient Dyad, Tiffany Chere' Gurley-Nettles
Poststroke Depression And The Lived Experiences Of The Family Caregiver And Care Recipient Dyad, Tiffany Chere' Gurley-Nettles
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractPoststroke depression in stroke survivors is a more common occurrence than once believed as the survivor of stroke must contend with the loss of their former self and with residual physical, communicative, cognitive, and/or psychological changes. Family members who become informal caregivers, with minimal to no training in some cases, may experience stress from having to adjust to new family roles and responsibilities. Limited information is available on the lived experiences of the family caregiver and the survivor of stroke. The objective of this study was to explore the lived experiences of the survivor or stroke with poststroke depression and …
Impact Of Gender Of The Offender On Perceptions And Criminal Sentencing Of Child Sexual Abuse Cases In Puerto Rico, Sigrid Enid Vázquez-Tirado
Impact Of Gender Of The Offender On Perceptions And Criminal Sentencing Of Child Sexual Abuse Cases In Puerto Rico, Sigrid Enid Vázquez-Tirado
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The gender of the adult offender may influence perceptions and criminal sentencing of child sexual abuse (CSA) cases in Puerto Rico. Extralegal factors such as culture and stereotypes may impact how CSA crimes are perceived and handled. The traumagenic dynamic model and the focal concerns theory of sentencing provided the theoretical frameworks for the study. Data were gathered by convenience sampling. To measure perceptions and sentencing decisions, 525 participants were asked to read a hypothetical case of CSA by a teacher with a minor student. Point-biserial correlational analyses were used to assess the influence of the independent variable (sex of …
Strategies For Improving Small Restaurant Success Rates Beyond Three Years, Joseph Wilder
Strategies For Improving Small Restaurant Success Rates Beyond Three Years, Joseph Wilder
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Only 65% of new restaurants remain in business after the first three years of operations. Leaders of small restaurants who lack strategies to ensure sustainability witness significant financial losses in their organizations. Grounded in the general systems theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore the strategies small restaurant owners use to sustain their business beyond three years. A purposeful sampling of three small restaurant owners in Washington County, TN, who successfully used strategies to ensure sustainability beyond three years participated in this study. Data were collected from semistructured interviews, financial documents, and public websites and …
Delinquent Behavior And Recidivism Among Juveniles In The Southeastern United States, Anthony Bernard Essix Jr.
Delinquent Behavior And Recidivism Among Juveniles In The Southeastern United States, Anthony Bernard Essix Jr.
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
In the United States, juvenile delinquent behavior has continued to rise despite attempts by the legal system and policymakers. Much of the research contributing to the understanding of juvenile delinquency and recidivism has been focused on risk factors believed to push an individual to show signs of delinquency. Limited research has been conducted to explain how policies affect juvenile behaviors. The current study examined risk factors that contribute to juvenile delinquency to determine if a factor may have been overlooked in prior juvenile studies. Based on anomie and strain theory, a qualitative method of general inquiry was used to gain …
Determinants Of Fruit And Vegetable Consumption For Adults In The Panhandle Of Nebraska, Erin Marie Norman
Determinants Of Fruit And Vegetable Consumption For Adults In The Panhandle Of Nebraska, Erin Marie Norman
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Low fruit and vegetable (F/V) consumption has been documented and is associated with increased risk of chronic disease. Previous studies have revealed that consuming the recommended servings of F/V per day can be influenced by many determinants including healthy eating self-efficacy, cooking confidence, perceived family support, perceived access, perceived quality, and perceived cost of fruits and vegetables. The purpose of this study was to examine these determinants of F/V consumption at the individual level of the socioecological model for adults ages 18 years and older residing in the panhandle of Nebraska. The socioecological model (SEM) provided the theoretical framework for …
Small And Medium Enterprises’ Green Energy Strategies For Profitability, Ekok Ajom Okpokam
Small And Medium Enterprises’ Green Energy Strategies For Profitability, Ekok Ajom Okpokam
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Lack of business strategies can negatively impact the generation of green energy, which may hinder business profitability and growth. Managers of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) who struggle to generate green energy to increase profitability are at high risk of their business failure. Grounded in the diffusion of innovation theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore the business strategies managers of SMEs use to generate green energy to increase profitability. The participants were three SME managers in three energy companies in Lagos, Nigeria, who effectively used business strategies to generate green energy to increase profitability. …
The Lived Experiences Of Black Youth Who Recidivate In Diversion Programs, Justin Richards
The Lived Experiences Of Black Youth Who Recidivate In Diversion Programs, Justin Richards
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
There are high rates of recidivism among U.S. Black youth when compared to other races, such as Whites and Hispanics. The purpose of the study was to examine the lived experiences of Black youth in the juvenile justice system and in diversion programs. Using a phenomenological qualitative method, twelve Black adults between the ages of 18 to 40 were interviewed about their lived experiences while participating in mental health courts and in-home probation as youth. The conceptual framework of the study was based on the risk, need, and responsivity model. The primary research question examined the lived experiences and perceptions …