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Effect Of Social Support And Hiv-Related Stigma On Depression In Hiv/Aids Patients, Chinedu Anthony Umeadi
Effect Of Social Support And Hiv-Related Stigma On Depression In Hiv/Aids Patients, Chinedu Anthony Umeadi
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
HIV has remained a public health problem in Nigeria. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine the effect of social support and HIV-related stigma on depression in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and to examine the moderating effect of sociodemographic factors, Quality of Life (QOL), and time since HIV diagnosis on this relationship. This study was based on the social cognitive theory. Data were collected from 98 PLWHA attending the antiretroviral clinic of Federal Medical Center, Umuahia, Nigeria. Regression analyses were used to examine the relationships between the variables. Some 24.5% of the study participants were depressed. Significant …
Examining The Relationships Among Vicarious Trauma, Health Behaviors, And Maladaptive Coping, Stephanie Louise Waitt
Examining The Relationships Among Vicarious Trauma, Health Behaviors, And Maladaptive Coping, Stephanie Louise Waitt
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Vicarious trauma can impact anyone working with a traumatized person. The constructivist self-development theory asserts that vicarious trauma can negatively distort how the helper thinks about the world and can cause increased stress. Researchers have explored stress and coping models and have studied how increased stress can negatively impact coping and health behaviors. However, researchers have not explored how vicarious trauma, coping, and health behaviors are related. The purpose of this correlational study was to examine the relationships among vicarious trauma, health behaviors (healthy eating, physical activity, cigarette smoking, and risky drinking), and maladaptive coping. The study sample consisted of …
Reasons For Living And Self-Reported Suicidal Behavior Among A Sample Of U.S. Army Personnel, Deborah Elaine Willis
Reasons For Living And Self-Reported Suicidal Behavior Among A Sample Of U.S. Army Personnel, Deborah Elaine Willis
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Suicidal Behavior in the U.S. Army is a problem that persists despite significant efforts to promote help-seeking behaviors and the investment of millions of dollars to develop resilience-building interventions. Evidence-based literature supports the use of reasons for living as a protective factor against suicidal behavior in clinical and nonclinical samples, yet it has rarely been studied in an active duty (AD) Army population. This study examined the relationship between self-reported reasons for living and self-reported suicidal behavior, to determine if high levels of reasons for living correlated with low risk of suicidal behavior, over and above demographics, depression, stressful life …
Screening For Peripheral Artery Disease, Cheryl Gordon
Screening For Peripheral Artery Disease, Cheryl Gordon
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) affects 8 to 10 million Americans, and the incidence of PAD is expected to increase as the population ages. A high percentage of the PAD is undiagnosed prior to the onset of a serious cardiovascular event; therefore, the inability to screen and diagnose for PAD in the early stages could hinder efforts to decrease adverse consequences of cardiovascular disease. Individuals with PAD have a 3 to 5 times increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality when compared to people without PAD. Guided by the Stetler model, the purpose of this project was to evaluate the relationship …
Predictors Of Cervical Cancer Screening Among Hispanic Women In The United States, Benedicta Ngozi Ilouno
Predictors Of Cervical Cancer Screening Among Hispanic Women In The United States, Benedicta Ngozi Ilouno
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Minority women groups in the United States have the highest incidence and mortality rates of cervical cancer. Hispanic women have the highest incidence rate and the second highest mortality rate of the disease. Researchers have examined the lower rates of cervical cancer screening among Hispanic women, as compared to other groups of U.S. women, but researchers have not examined the extent to which socioeconomic status, acculturation, and sexual activity impact Hispanic women's compliance with screening. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between compliance with cervical cancer screening and acculturation, socioeconomic status, and sexual activity among U.S. …
Factors That Motivate Millennial Public Servants In The Workplace, Lisa Maria Mallory
Factors That Motivate Millennial Public Servants In The Workplace, Lisa Maria Mallory
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
There is an abundance of scholarly literature examining the Millennial generation's characteristics and their uniqueness in the workforce, but few studies have examined the lived experiences of Millennials and what motivates them in the public sector workplace. Given the size of the Millennial cohort, the largest and most educated in history, this generation of public servants merits more research. This phenomenological study sought to determine what factors motivate Millennial public sector workers through a criterion sample of 20 District of Columbia government employees. Data obtained from interviews were analyzed through use of NVivo10 allowing for the identification of themes, findings …
Coping Responses To Positive Genetic Suceptibility Test Results For Alzheimer's Disease, Diana Elaine Neverson
Coping Responses To Positive Genetic Suceptibility Test Results For Alzheimer's Disease, Diana Elaine Neverson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Genetic susceptibility test results have been found to cause differences in coping behavior following testing for the APOE-ε4 gene, associated with Alzheimer's disease. Coping behaviors differ within the first 12 months of testing. Currently, no studies have been conducted beyond the first 12 months comparing positive (P) and negative (N) groups or how sex relates to coping behavior based on positive test results. Based on the theory of primary and secondary control, and theory of stress, appraisal, and coping this study compared differences in coping strategies based on genetic test results and between sexes with positive test results beyond the …
The Association Between Dietary Patterns And Diabetes Status Among U.S. Adults, Latonia Richardson
The Association Between Dietary Patterns And Diabetes Status Among U.S. Adults, Latonia Richardson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Type 2 diabetes mellitus, or T2DM, is a leading cause of preventable death in the United States. Multiple studies have found that certain dietary patterns can significantly influence the risk of T2DM. The purpose of this study was to understand the dietary patterns associated with diabetes by comparing the relative adherence to these dietary patterns by individuals in 5 stages of diabetes: no diabetes, undiagnosed prediabetes, diagnosed prediabetes, undiagnosed diabetes, and diagnosed diabetes. Using the health belief model as the theoretical foundation, the primary research question examined whether adherence to specific dietary patterns significantly differed between individuals in different stages …
Impact Of An Urban High School Conflict Resolution Program On Peer Mediators:, Carolyn Joyce Waldon-Johnson
Impact Of An Urban High School Conflict Resolution Program On Peer Mediators:, Carolyn Joyce Waldon-Johnson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Urban high school students in the United States are often involved in conflicts related to bullying, physical fighting, and drug abuse. These conflicts create a hostile learning environment; interventions such as conflict resolution programs are implemented to reduce these disruptions to learning. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore how an urban high school conflict resolution program impacts trained peer mediators. The conceptual framework was based on Erikson's psychosocial theory of human development and Freire's critical theory about pedagogy of the oppressed. Participants included 4 high school students who participated as trained peer mediators in an urban …
Third-Party Administrators In Public-Private Partnerships: A Multiple Case Study, Beata Ewa Haug
Third-Party Administrators In Public-Private Partnerships: A Multiple Case Study, Beata Ewa Haug
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Local public agencies turn to public-private partnerships (PPPs) to allow greater participation by private firms in delivering public services. In the last 25 years, private organizations had been reluctant to form PPPs with local government agencies because of the complex procurement processes and the bureaucratic business environment. Guided by the decision theory and complex adaptive systems theory, the purpose of this multiple case study was to identify what information leaders within third-party administrators (TPAs) need regarding the contracting process in the formation of PPPs. The data collection process consisted of face-to-face interviews with 4 executive leaders of 3 Wisconsin state …
A Comparative Analysis Of Mississippi Rural Schools' Abstinence-Only And Abstinence Plus Programs, Alonzo Jeffrey Williams
A Comparative Analysis Of Mississippi Rural Schools' Abstinence-Only And Abstinence Plus Programs, Alonzo Jeffrey Williams
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The predominately rural state of Mississippi responded to high teenage pregnancy rates by enacting a 2011 law requiring school districts to choose between an abstinence-only and an abstinence-plus program for their high schools. However, there is limited extant research on Mississippi's sex education policies, creating a research gap that inhibits developing successful programs to reduce teenage pregnancy rates. There is specifically a need to compare the two types of allowed programs with a focus on rural areas. This study compared programs by examining students' abstinent sexual attitudes, social norms, self-efficacy, sexual abstinence behaviors, and perceived effectiveness of sexual education and …
Youth Assault-Injury Variation Patterns And Their Dimensional Structure, Diana Faissal Wilkerson
Youth Assault-Injury Variation Patterns And Their Dimensional Structure, Diana Faissal Wilkerson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Youth assault-injury is 1 of the 5 leading causes of adolescents' death in the United States. Despite public health efforts, the prevalence rates of youth assault-injury and almost all its risk factors have remained consistent in the past 10 years. The purpose in conducting this cross-sectional quantitative study using archival data of the Add Health Wave II in-home survey was to examine the underlying-multidimensional structure of youth assault-injury. Problem behavior theory (PBT) lens and a multidimensional model were used and a structural equation model was conducted to examine the relationships between 22 risk and protection variables, 3 unobserved latent factors, …
Black Online, Doctoral Psychology Graduates' Academic Achievement: A Phenomenological Self-Directed Learning Perspective, Cathy Q. Williams
Black Online, Doctoral Psychology Graduates' Academic Achievement: A Phenomenological Self-Directed Learning Perspective, Cathy Q. Williams
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Guided by the conceptual framework of self-directed learning and culture, this study investigated the effectiveness of Title IV private, for-profit colleges and universities (FPCUs). Little research has examined this topic, which is problematic considering the disproportionate rate of student loan defaults experienced by Black FPCU borrowers. A phenomenological design was used to explore the meaning of academic achievement for Black doctorate recipients who attained a doctorate in psychology through an FPCU. This study specifically examined how Black students experience the completion of doctoral psychology programs at 2 FPCUs and what factors contributed to these students finishing their degrees. A unique-criterion-purposive …
The Experiences Of Successful Small Business Owners In Ghana, Michael Tetteh Alimo
The Experiences Of Successful Small Business Owners In Ghana, Michael Tetteh Alimo
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
There is a high failure rate of small and medium enterprises that results in high unemployment rate and poverty in Ghana. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the experiences of small business owners in Ghana. The conceptual framework was based on the theory of disruptive innovation. Disruptive innovation describes a method that enables business owners to create a new market. Data were collected through interviews from 20 participants who owned small businesses and succeeded beyond 5 years in Accra, Ghana. Member checking was used to strengthen the credibility and trustworthiness of the interpretation of the participants' responses. …
Mental Health Treatment Adherence And Minority Clients' Perception Of Clinician Cultural Awareness, Patricia Parker
Mental Health Treatment Adherence And Minority Clients' Perception Of Clinician Cultural Awareness, Patricia Parker
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Psychological counseling is known to be an effective option for people in need of emotional support. Previous research has shown counseling to be valuable among various age, sex, religious, socioeconomic, and racial groups. Despite its successes, members of certain demographic groups reportedly end supportive psychological therapies early. The purpose of this study was to investigate the experiences of 10 self-identified African American and Hispanic clients who prematurely terminated therapy. A particular focus of this investigation was the clients' perceptions of clinician cultural awareness. This phenomenological study yielded descriptive data in a context sufficient for analysis with the use of broad …
Concept Mapping As A Tool For Enhancing Self-Paced Learning In A Distance Scenario, John Allen Richbourg
Concept Mapping As A Tool For Enhancing Self-Paced Learning In A Distance Scenario, John Allen Richbourg
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Researchers have determined that concept maps serve as effective tools in the traditional science classroom. The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate concept mapping as a tool for student knowledge acquisition in 10th grade science for students in distance learning situations. Research questions were designed to investigate the influence of concept mapping on rate and quality of student knowledge acquisition and retention. This study was a pretest-posttest 2-group comparison study, constructivist in nature and based on the theory of cognitive learning. Participants included 36 students in the 10th grade at an inner-city school in the United States. Control …
Hiv Testing Among Young African American Men Who Have Sex With Men, Tayo B. Awopeju
Hiv Testing Among Young African American Men Who Have Sex With Men, Tayo B. Awopeju
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Young African American men who have sex with men (AAMSM) are at greater risk of being infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and less likely to seek HIV testing than are members of other demographic groups. This behavior results in a significant public health threat because young AAMSM with an unrecognized HIV infection are less likely to practice safer sex and, therefore, more likely to pass the infection on to their partners. This study is an examination of the social and personality factors that influence HIV testing rates among young AAMSM, using Aday's model of the social determinants of …
Nclex-Rn Predictor Test Scores And Nclex-Rn Success, Annie Ruth Grant
Nclex-Rn Predictor Test Scores And Nclex-Rn Success, Annie Ruth Grant
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Health care professionals and nurse educators are concerned about increasing percentage of first time test takers failing the NCLEX-RN exam. The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine predictive accuracy of the Assessment Technologies Institute (ATI) RN Comprehensive Predictor for passing or failing the NCLEX-RN exam in a cohort of nursing students (N = 195). South Eastern Technical College in South Carolina is in jeopardy of losing accreditation for their nursing program because of the low percentage of first time test takers failing. The college's pass rate on the NCLEX-RN exam has been below the national and state averages …
Mining And Hiv/Aids Transmission Among Marampa Mining Communities In Lunsar, Sierra Leone, Alphajoh Cham
Mining And Hiv/Aids Transmission Among Marampa Mining Communities In Lunsar, Sierra Leone, Alphajoh Cham
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Since the human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) was first reported in Sierra Leone in 1987, its prevalence rate has stabilized at 1.5% in the nation's general population. However, concerns exist regarding the potential increase in high-risk populations, particularly among mineworkers and commercial sex workers. The potential spread of HIV/AIDS as a result of labor migration may threaten the mining sector, which has been identified as a critical driver of recent economic growth and development. A gap remains in the literature regarding the contextual factors in mining communities that lead to high rates of HIV/AIDS. Therefore, the purpose of …
Strategies For Formally Mentoring Future Business Leaders, Doreen B. Young
Strategies For Formally Mentoring Future Business Leaders, Doreen B. Young
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Formal mentoring programs in the financial insurance business are essential for developing important leadership business skills and for providing support for important decisions and business contacts. Business leaders lack adequate knowledge about the strategies that comprise an effective mentoring program. With the conceptual theories of Super's career development and Quinn's competing values framework, the purpose of this qualitative single case study was to explore strategies within a formal mentoring program to prepare new business leaders in the financial insurance business. Nine leaders from the financial insurance business were recruited for participation in the study; these leaders were also mentees in …
Bystander Effect Of Workplace Bullying, Perceived Organizational Support, And Work Engagement, Monica May Christianson
Bystander Effect Of Workplace Bullying, Perceived Organizational Support, And Work Engagement, Monica May Christianson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Workplace environments and the dynamics that exist within them affect everyone involved, especially coworkers. Although research has investigated how workplace bullying impacts its victims and the organization, little research has examined the effects of workplace bullying from the role of the bystander. Fewer have investigated how Perceived of Organizational Support (POS) may affect the employee's work engagement of those witnesses. The goal of this quantitative study was to determine the effect of POS on work engagement in the employees who witness workplace bullying. An online survey was used with the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised, (NAQ-R), Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) and …
Creativity As A Means To Expression Of Emotions By Older Adults, Britt Saga Eksell
Creativity As A Means To Expression Of Emotions By Older Adults, Britt Saga Eksell
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Numerous researchers have explored the benefit of creative activities for the aging population diagnosed with dementia. However, there is a lack of data available to community administrators and organizers of senior residences about how successful aging may be enhanced, in the relatively healthy older adults, through their participation in creative art-making. Activities that provide mental stimulation, facilitate expression of emotions, and that are related to overall psychological well-being can provide a foundation for healthy aging. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to explore older adults' subjective experience of engaging in creative artwork. The conceptual framework that guided this phenomenological …
Religiosity And Support For The Use Of Enhanced Interrogation, Stuart Hitchcock
Religiosity And Support For The Use Of Enhanced Interrogation, Stuart Hitchcock
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Young adults in the United States are less interested in organized religion and consider the use of enhanced interrogation techniques on terrorists and captured U.S. military personnel by enemy forces as justifiable. The relationship between religion, political ideology, and enhanced interrogation support are well known, yet it is not known if young adults with current or prior military service also consider these applications justifiable. The purpose of this study was to determine if religion influenced the opinions of young adults with current or former military service on the use of enhanced interrogations. The theoretical framework for this study included Milgram's …
Impacts Of Intrinsic And Extrinsic Motivation On Reading Achievement Of First-Grade Students, Kristin Lynn Houghton
Impacts Of Intrinsic And Extrinsic Motivation On Reading Achievement Of First-Grade Students, Kristin Lynn Houghton
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Teachers struggle to address motivation and its impact on reading achievement and the continued desire to read, even with first-grade students. The theoretical framework for this study was based on Bandura's social cognitive theory of self-efficacy, which pertains to how individuals feel and think about themselves and the way they self-motivate; it was also based on Skinner's operant theory, which maintains that a student can be motivated by positive reinforcement. A quasi-experimental design was used to examine the impact of 3 motivation conditions (intrinsic, extrinsic, or a combination of both) on the reading achievement and oral reading fluency of 66 …
"Investigating Instructor Perceptions Of On-Line Teaching Versus Traditional Classroom Instruction"., Gena Mcnair-Crews
"Investigating Instructor Perceptions Of On-Line Teaching Versus Traditional Classroom Instruction"., Gena Mcnair-Crews
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Web-based education is an important method of instruction across multiple higher education contexts due to its convenience, accessibility, and flexibility. A local college faces demand for online teaching that exceeds the availability of willing faculty. This study investigated instructors' perceptions of online teaching versus traditional classroom instruction to ascertain whether there were systematic differences between online teaching and face-to-face classroom instruction. Transformational learning theory was the conceptual foundation of this study. The study's guiding questions were designed to determine how faculty regarded their experiences teaching online classes and the reasons for their opinions, as well as what limitations faculty thought …
Academic Achievement Of Esl Learners At A Teaching Hospital Training Programs, Abdul Fattah Rachdan
Academic Achievement Of Esl Learners At A Teaching Hospital Training Programs, Abdul Fattah Rachdan
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Many students in an allied health program at a Middle Eastern Arab university were experiencing difficulties with courses taught in English, resulting in poor academic achievement, low grade point averages, a high failure rate amongst its first year students, and an adverse impact upon a future skilled and educated work force for the region. Tinto's theory of institutional action for students' success served as the conceptual framework for the inquiry that used a qualitative explanatory case study method to examine the experiences of those students who were facing difficulties with their studies. To address questions about why students were failing …
Wisconsin's Quality Improvement Initiative For Childcare Programs: A Case Study, Betty Jane Bohleber
Wisconsin's Quality Improvement Initiative For Childcare Programs: A Case Study, Betty Jane Bohleber
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Wisconsin's Quality Rating and Improvement System (QRIS) was implemented in 2010 to improve quality of care for young children enrolled in childcare programs. Due to the recent initiation of the state's QRIS, empirical evidence on the effectiveness of the initiative to improve quality care for young children is limited. This qualitative case study explores childcare stakeholders' perceptions on the effectiveness of Wisconsin's QRIS as a quality improvement program. Bronfenbrenner theorized that exosystems such as state governments impact early childhood environments and the development of young children through initiation of programs. The research questions address the efficiency of the state's QRIS …
Correlates Of Developmental Disabilities Direct Service Professionals' High Turnover Rate, Doreen Marie Colangelo
Correlates Of Developmental Disabilities Direct Service Professionals' High Turnover Rate, Doreen Marie Colangelo
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Workplace turnover is destructive to organizations both financially and operationally. The cost of selecting and replacing the wrong candidate for a position ranges from a few thousand to several million dollars. The goal for this correlational study was to assess the efficacy of an applicant test instrument for identifying key personality traits of direct service professionals (DSP) in the developmental disabilities arena which correlate with successful job tenure and decrease turnover cost. The theoretical framework that grounded this study was the poor job fit theory. The population studied consisted of DSP's hired by an organization in Glynn County, GA. Anonymous …
Effects Of Classroom Setting And Instructional Practices On Academic Performance, Michele A. Defrancesco
Effects Of Classroom Setting And Instructional Practices On Academic Performance, Michele A. Defrancesco
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
According to the National Center for Educational Statistics and the National Center for Educational Progress (NAEP, 2011), student with disabilities are not making significant academic gains compared to non-disabled student groups. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of differentiating instruction specifically pre-teaching and re-teaching and whether or not a student has a disability with academic performance on the Maryland State Assessment (MSA) for eighth grade reading across 17 middle schools in Anne Arundel County. The theories of cognitive social learning, cognitive neuroscience and brain based learning grounded the quantitative quasi-experimental research using an ex post facto …
Small Ethnic Restaurant Business Owner Strategies To Remain Operable Beyond 7 Years, Nam Phuong Le
Small Ethnic Restaurant Business Owner Strategies To Remain Operable Beyond 7 Years, Nam Phuong Le
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The failure rate among small businesses is high. More than half of all small businesses fail within the first 7 years of operation. The purpose of this multi-case study was to explore the strategies that successful small ethnic restaurant owners employed to remain operable beyond 7 years. Three successful ethnic restaurant owners who have been operating their restaurant for at least 7 years in Greater Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada were selected. Data were gathered from participant interviews and from an examination of available physical artifacts such as the locations, premises, websites, and social media pages. The resource-based view by Edith …