Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Life Sciences (1478)
- Environmental Sciences (1474)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (1474)
- Animal Sciences (605)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (593)
-
- Veterinary Medicine (592)
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (591)
- Veterinary Infectious Diseases (591)
- Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Epidemiology, and Public Health (590)
- Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology (588)
- Veterinary Microbiology and Immunobiology (587)
- Natural Resources Management and Policy (586)
- Natural Resources and Conservation (585)
- Other Veterinary Medicine (584)
- Population Biology (584)
- Zoology (582)
- Other Environmental Sciences (581)
- Ornithology (9)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (5)
- Immunology and Infectious Disease (4)
- Agriculture (3)
- Environmental Health and Protection (3)
- Other Animal Sciences (3)
- Parasitology (3)
- Public Health (3)
- Veterinary Pathology and Pathobiology (3)
- Aquaculture and Fisheries (2)
- Biology (2)
- Civil and Environmental Engineering (2)
- Clinical Epidemiology (2)
- Keyword
-
- Invasive species (108)
- Sus scrofa (102)
- Feral swine (82)
- Rabies (70)
- Canis latrans (68)
-
- Coyote (67)
- Wildlife damage management (61)
- White-tailed deer (49)
- Odocoileus virginianus (46)
- Raccoon (43)
- Management (42)
- Home range (36)
- Birds (34)
- Disease (33)
- Procyon lotor (33)
- Airport (31)
- Predation (31)
- Aquaculture (29)
- Rodenticide (29)
- Wildlife (29)
- Boiga irregularis (27)
- Surveillance (27)
- Damage (26)
- Phalacrocorax auritus (26)
- Wild pig (25)
- Bird strike (24)
- Blackbirds (24)
- Human–wildlife conflicts (24)
- Wild pigs (24)
- Oral rabies vaccination (23)
- Publication Year
- File Type
Articles 1141 - 1170 of 2570
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Characteristics Of White-Tailed Deer Visits To Cattle Farms: Implications For Disease Transmission At The Wildlife-Livestock Interface, Are R. Berentsen, Ryan S. Miller, Jennifer L. Malmberg, Mike R. Dunbar
Characteristics Of White-Tailed Deer Visits To Cattle Farms: Implications For Disease Transmission At The Wildlife-Livestock Interface, Are R. Berentsen, Ryan S. Miller, Jennifer L. Malmberg, Mike R. Dunbar
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is endemic in free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in MI, USA. Currently, the rates of farm visitation by deer and co-use of forage resources by cattle and deer are poorly understood. To evaluate the extent deer and livestock may share forage resources, we investigated farm, yard, and cattle-use area visitation by white-tailed deer and compared visitation with common livestock management practices. We fitted 25 female white-tailed deer near the bTB-infected zone in Michigan's Lower Peninsula with global positioning system collars. Livestock management practices associated with farm visitation included presence of confined feeding pastures, number of cattle water …
Crossing The Interspecies Barrier: Opening The Door To Zoonotic Pathogens, Christian Gortazar, Leslie A. Reperant, Thijs Kuiken, Jose De La Fuente, Mariana Boadella, Beatriz Martinez-Lopez, Francisco Ruiz-Fons, Agusitn Estrada-Pena, Christian Drosten, Graham Medley, Richard Ostfeld, Townsend Peterson, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Christian Menge, Marc Artois, Constance Schultsz, Richard Delahay, Jordi Sierra-Cobo, Robert Poulin, Frederic Keck, Alonso A. Aguirre, Heikki Henttonen, Andrew P. Dobson, Susan Kutz, Juan Lubroth, Atle Mysterud
Crossing The Interspecies Barrier: Opening The Door To Zoonotic Pathogens, Christian Gortazar, Leslie A. Reperant, Thijs Kuiken, Jose De La Fuente, Mariana Boadella, Beatriz Martinez-Lopez, Francisco Ruiz-Fons, Agusitn Estrada-Pena, Christian Drosten, Graham Medley, Richard Ostfeld, Townsend Peterson, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Christian Menge, Marc Artois, Constance Schultsz, Richard Delahay, Jordi Sierra-Cobo, Robert Poulin, Frederic Keck, Alonso A. Aguirre, Heikki Henttonen, Andrew P. Dobson, Susan Kutz, Juan Lubroth, Atle Mysterud
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
The number of pathogens known to infect humans is ever increasing. Whether such increase reflects improved surveillance and detection or actual emergence of novel pathogens is unclear. Nonetheless, infectious diseases are the second leading cause of human mortality and disability-adjusted life years lost worldwide [1,2]. On average, three to four new pathogen species are detected in the human population every year [3]. Most of these emerging pathogens originate from nonhuman animal species. Zoonotic pathogens represent approximately 60% of all known pathogens able to infect humans [4]. Their occurrence in humans relies on the human-animal interface, defined as the continuum of …
Movement Characteristics Of American Beavers (Castor Canadensis), Lance F. Mcclintic, Guiming Wang, Jimmy D. Taylor Ii, Jeanne C. Jones
Movement Characteristics Of American Beavers (Castor Canadensis), Lance F. Mcclintic, Guiming Wang, Jimmy D. Taylor Ii, Jeanne C. Jones
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Physiological states and foraging behaviors may shape movement patterns of animals. Optimal foraging theory and what we term the deliberate movement hypothesis predict that, to reduce predation risk, central place foragers should move faster with smaller turning angles the further they are from their central place. The complementary bimodal foraging trip hypothesis predicts that the distribution of foraging distances exhibited by central place foragers should be bimodal due to a trade-off between provisioning offspring and self-feeding. We used radio-telemetry to test these hypotheses for American beavers (Castor canadensis) in northern Alabama, United States. American beavers moved faster with …
Behavioral Traits And Airport Type Affect Mammal Incidents With U.S. Civil Aircraft, Kristin B. Schwarz, Jerrold L. Belant, James A. Martin, Travis L. Devault, Guiming Wang
Behavioral Traits And Airport Type Affect Mammal Incidents With U.S. Civil Aircraft, Kristin B. Schwarz, Jerrold L. Belant, James A. Martin, Travis L. Devault, Guiming Wang
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Wildlife incidents with aircraft cost the United States (U.S.) civil aviation industry >US$1.4 billion in estimated damages and loss of revenue from 1990 to 2009. Although terrestrial mammals represented only 2.3 % of wildlife incidents, damage to aircraft occurred in 59 % of mammal incidents. We examined mammal incidents (excluding bats) at all airports in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Wildlife Strike Database from 1990 to 2010 to characterize these incidents by airport type: Part-139 certified (certificated) and general aviation (GA). We also calculated relative hazard scores for species most frequently involved in incidents. We found certificated airports had …
European Starling Feeding Activity On Repellent Treated Crops And Pellets, Shelagh K. Tupper, Scott J. Werner, James C. Carlson, Susan E. Pettit, John C. Wise, Catherine A. Lindell, George M. Linz
European Starling Feeding Activity On Repellent Treated Crops And Pellets, Shelagh K. Tupper, Scott J. Werner, James C. Carlson, Susan E. Pettit, John C. Wise, Catherine A. Lindell, George M. Linz
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
The varied diet of European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris L.) can present challenges when working with starlings in experimental testing and holding situations and should be taken into account when testing repellents applied to food. Our purpose was to evaluate an anthraquinone-based repellent (Arkion Life Sciences, New Castle, DE, USA; active ingredient 50% 9,10-anthraquinone; hereafter anthraquinone) and SucraShieldTM (Natural Forces, Davidson, NC, USA; active ingredient 40% sucrose octanoate esters) repellent for non-lethal protection of specialty crops (i.e., fruit, sweet corn) and grains. Our objectives were to evaluate (1) laboratory efficacy of anthraquinone applied topically to blueberries and sweet …
An Efficacy Test Of Cholecalciferol Plus Diphacinone Rodenticide Baits For California Voles (Microtus Californicus Peale) To Replace Ineffective Chlorophacinone Baits, Gary W. Witmer, Rachael S. Moulton, Roger A. Baldwin
An Efficacy Test Of Cholecalciferol Plus Diphacinone Rodenticide Baits For California Voles (Microtus Californicus Peale) To Replace Ineffective Chlorophacinone Baits, Gary W. Witmer, Rachael S. Moulton, Roger A. Baldwin
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
California voles cause damage to pastures and rangelands, orchards and nurseries, and a wide variety of field crops, including artichokes. The anticoagulant rodenticides (chlorophacinone and diphacinone) typically used for voles are becoming less effective in controlling their populations. Consequently, there is a need to identify new rodenticides that will have a high efficacy on California voles so that agricultural production losses to rodents can be substantially reduced. We tested a new formulation containing two active ingredients (cholecalciferol and diphacinone) as a control method for California voles. Both a pelleted bait and an oil-coated artichoke bract bait were very palatable and …
Responses By Wild House Mice (Mus Musculus) To Variousstimuli In A Novel Environment, Gary W. Witmer, Nathan P. Snow, Rachael S. Moulton
Responses By Wild House Mice (Mus Musculus) To Variousstimuli In A Novel Environment, Gary W. Witmer, Nathan P. Snow, Rachael S. Moulton
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
House mice (Mus musculus) pose a threat to the native flora and fauna on islands, and cancause significant damage wherever they have been introduced. Methods used to eradicateinvasive rodents, like house mice, at high population densities may not be appropriate forintercepting them at lower densities. A better understanding of the immediate behavior ofhouse mice when first introduced to a novel environment would help managers developeffective biosecurity techniques to protect against new invasions. To address this problem,we conducted a controlled laboratory experiment that simulated an invasion by wild housemice into a novel environment. We quantified and compared the immediate behaviors …
Exposure Of Feral Swine (Sus Scrofa) In The United States To Selected Pathogens, John A. Baroch, Carl A. Gagnon, Sonia Lacouture, Marcelo Gottschalk
Exposure Of Feral Swine (Sus Scrofa) In The United States To Selected Pathogens, John A. Baroch, Carl A. Gagnon, Sonia Lacouture, Marcelo Gottschalk
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Feral swine (Sus scrofa) are widely distributed in the United States. In 2011 and 2012, serum samples and tonsils were recovered from 162 and 37 feral swine, respectively, in the US to evaluate exposure to important swine endemic pathogens. Antibodies against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) were found in 2.5% and 25.3% of tested sera, respectively. Positive serological reactions against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae have been detected in 19.7% and 69.7% of animals. More than 15% of animals presented antibodies against these 2 pathogens simultaneously. Most animals were also seropositive for …
Risk Factors Associated With Enteric Septicemia Of Catfish On Mississippi Commercial Catfish Farms, Fred L. Cunningham, S. W. Jack, David Hardin, Robert W. Wills
Risk Factors Associated With Enteric Septicemia Of Catfish On Mississippi Commercial Catfish Farms, Fred L. Cunningham, S. W. Jack, David Hardin, Robert W. Wills
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
A gram-negative bacterium, Edwardsiella ictaluri, is the cause of enteric septicemia of catfish (ESC), which is one of the most prevalent bacterial diseases in farm-raised catfish. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors associated with ESC mortalities and are reported by farm personnel. To identify risk factors a catfish management database was developed. The odds ratios (OR) of the final multivariable logistic regression model were: (1) volume of the pond (OR, 0.56), (2) interval from harvest until a mortality event (OR, 1.49), (3) interval from stocking until a mortality event (OR, 0.52), (4) nitrite measured within 14 …
Mineral Licks: Motivational Factors For Visitation And Accompanying Disease Risk At Communal Use Sites Of Elk And Deer, Michael J. Lavelle, Gregory E. Phillips, Justin W. Fischer, Patrick W. Burke, Nathan W. Seward, Randal S. Stahl, Tracy A. Nichols, Bruce A. Wunder, Kurt C. Vercauteren
Mineral Licks: Motivational Factors For Visitation And Accompanying Disease Risk At Communal Use Sites Of Elk And Deer, Michael J. Lavelle, Gregory E. Phillips, Justin W. Fischer, Patrick W. Burke, Nathan W. Seward, Randal S. Stahl, Tracy A. Nichols, Bruce A. Wunder, Kurt C. Vercauteren
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Free-ranging cervids acquire most of their essential minerals through forage consumption, though occasionally seek other sources to account for seasonal mineral deficiencies. Mineral sources occur as natural geological deposits (i.e., licks) or as anthropogenic mineral supplements. In both scenarios, these sources commonly serve as focal sites for visitation. We monitored 11 licks in Rocky Mountain National Park, north-central Colorado, using trail cameras to quantify daily visitation indices (DVI) and soil consumption indices (SCI) for Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) during summer 2006 and documented elk, mule deer, and moose (Alces …
Invasive Myna Control In American Samoa, Michael L. Avery, John D. Eisemann
Invasive Myna Control In American Samoa, Michael L. Avery, John D. Eisemann
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
The common myna is an invasive species in Florida, Hawaii, and in numerous other locations around the world. It is native to southern and south-east Asia. Common mynas are considered pests to fruit crops in many locales, and they are predators on eggs of other birds. Since their introduction to American Samoa in the 1980s, mynas have become the most frequently observed avifauna in developed areas in the country. The American Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources (DMWR) is concerned that expanding myna populations will exert competitive pressures on native species such as the Samoan starling and white-collared kingfisher. …
Optimization Of Formulations For The Lethal Control Of Feral Pigs, Justin A. Foster, James C. Martin, Kurt . C. Vercauteren, Greg E. Phillips, John D. Eisemann
Optimization Of Formulations For The Lethal Control Of Feral Pigs, Justin A. Foster, James C. Martin, Kurt . C. Vercauteren, Greg E. Phillips, John D. Eisemann
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Feral pig populations continue to increase and disperse into unoccupied habitats in North America. Associated damages and control efforts cost U.S. taxpayers as much as $1.5 million/year. Toxicants show promise for feral pig control programs and may be more cost-effective than contemporary methods (i.e., trapping, aerial gunning, and dog-hunting). However, no toxicants are registered for feral pig control in the U.S. Development of sodium nitrite as an active ingredient in pig toxicants is ongoing in Australia, and a registration has been granted in New Zealand. Sodium nitrite is a strong oxidizer and is unpalatable to feral pigs, and thus it …
Improving Invasive House Mice Control And Eradication Strategies Via More Effective Rodenticides, Gary W. Witmer, Rachael S. Moulton
Improving Invasive House Mice Control And Eradication Strategies Via More Effective Rodenticides, Gary W. Witmer, Rachael S. Moulton
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
In many cases, the control or eradication of invasive house mice has been problematic using rodenticide products that are currently registered. Our investigations using 12 commercial formulations confirmed that premise. In contrast, 11 of 12 of those commercial formulations were effective against Norway rats. Hence, we investigated 7 new rodenticide formulations to identity more effective alternative rodenticides (different formulation and/or different active ingredients). Several of the new formulations of rodenticides and new active ingredients were found to be relatively efficacious (>70% mortality) and may warrant further investigation as potential control methods for invasive house mice. Additionally, a 2-active ingredient …
Use Of Dogs In The Mediation Of Conservation Conflicts, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Michael J. Lavelle, Jean-Marc Landry, Laurie Marker, Thomas M. Gehring
Use Of Dogs In The Mediation Of Conservation Conflicts, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Michael J. Lavelle, Jean-Marc Landry, Laurie Marker, Thomas M. Gehring
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Conflicts between wildlife and humans are of global importance and are increasing. These conflicts may negatively impact wildlife, humans, and other resources, primarily livestock. Human safety and economic well-being can be adversely impacted by depredation of livestock and perpetuation of wildlife-borne diseases in agricultural systems. Conversely, management approaches to mitigate these conflicts may employ primarily lethal control methods that can negatively impact wildlife populations of conservation importance. Dogs, principally livestock protection breeds, have been used for centuries in some cultures to protect livestock from predators. Dogs have also been used for a variety of other conservation-specific practices. Here we provide …
Evaluating Seadust Wildlife Controllant™ As A Repellent To Reduce Deer Browse On Douglas-Fir Seedlings, Jimmy D. Taylor Ii
Evaluating Seadust Wildlife Controllant™ As A Repellent To Reduce Deer Browse On Douglas-Fir Seedlings, Jimmy D. Taylor Ii
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Herbivory by black-tailed deer affects growth form and survival of conifer seedlings in western Oregon and Washington, especially Douglas-fir. Several deterrents have been employed to reduce damage to forest resources yet most are ineffective or cost prohibitive. Use of chemical repellents is socially appealing because they offer a potential non-lethal alternative to reduce plant damage (i.e., browse). Commercial deer repellents may employ one or more mechanisms in their formulation, which affect taste, odor, visual, and/or tactile cues when consumed by deer. I evaluated the commercial SeaDust Wildlife Controllant™ as a tool to repel black-tailed deer from Douglas-fir seedlings during spring …
Effectiveness Of Foliar Applications Of 9,10-Anthraquinone For Reducing Blackbird Damage To Sunflower, George M. Linz, Scott J. Werner, Megan Niner, Jeffrey Homan
Effectiveness Of Foliar Applications Of 9,10-Anthraquinone For Reducing Blackbird Damage To Sunflower, George M. Linz, Scott J. Werner, Megan Niner, Jeffrey Homan
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Anthraquinone is an effective chemical seed repellent that protects newly planted crops from depredation by granivorous birds. We are experimenting with foliar applications of 9,10-anthraquinone (AQ) to reduce blackbird (Icteridae) damage to ripening sunflower. Sunflower heads generally turn downward as the achenes mature. With the methods currently available for spraying crops, application of AQ directly onto sunflower achenes is nearly impossible. Blackbirds sometimes remove sunflower bracts prior to eating achenes. Thus, getting AQ droplets directly on the achenes may not be necessary, and spraying the heads should expose blackbirds to AQ as they remove bracts. Studies using caged red-winged blackbirds …
Economic Analysis Of Indemnity Payments For Wolf Depredation On Cattle In A Wolf Reintroduction Area, Aaron M. Anderson, Karen Gebhardt, Katy N. Kirkpatrick, David L. Bergman, Stephanie A. Shwiff
Economic Analysis Of Indemnity Payments For Wolf Depredation On Cattle In A Wolf Reintroduction Area, Aaron M. Anderson, Karen Gebhardt, Katy N. Kirkpatrick, David L. Bergman, Stephanie A. Shwiff
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Mexican gray wolves were reintroduced into New Mexico and Arizona in 1998. When wolves kill a producing cow, ranchers in the region are eligible to receive an indemnity payment equal to the market value of the lost animal. We developed a model that allows estimation of the present value of the revenue stream that a cow or herd provides and find that if a producing cow is killed, the decrease in the present value of the rancher’s revenue stream is about $1,230. Mean indemnity payments are currently $1,000, implying ranchers are not being sufficiently compensated.
Preference Among 7 Bait Flavors Delivered To Domestic Dogs In Arizona: Implications For Oral Rabies Vaccination On The Navajo Nation, Are R. Berentsen, Scott C. Bender, David Bergman, Krista Hausig, Kurt C. Vercauteren
Preference Among 7 Bait Flavors Delivered To Domestic Dogs In Arizona: Implications For Oral Rabies Vaccination On The Navajo Nation, Are R. Berentsen, Scott C. Bender, David Bergman, Krista Hausig, Kurt C. Vercauteren
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Less than 20% of the domestic dogs on tribal lands in the United States are vaccinated against rabies. One method to increase vaccination rates may be the distribution of oral rabies vaccines (ORVs). ONRA (Artemis Technologies, Inc., Ontario, Canada) is the primary ORV used in Canada to vaccinate striped skunks and raccoons. To investigate the potential use of ONRAB ORV baits to vaccinate feral domestic dogs against rabies on tribal lands and beyond, we performed a flavor preference study. A total of 7 bait flavors (bacon, cheese, dog food, hazelnut, sugar-vanilla, peanut butter, and sardine) were offered in pairs to …
Understanding The Key Mechanisms Of Tropical Forest Responses To Canopy Loss And Biomass Deposition From Experimental Hurricane Effects, Aaron B. Shiels, Grizelle Gonzalez
Understanding The Key Mechanisms Of Tropical Forest Responses To Canopy Loss And Biomass Deposition From Experimental Hurricane Effects, Aaron B. Shiels, Grizelle Gonzalez
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
To date, it is not clear which are the factors that most influence tropical forest recovery from hurricanes. Increased canopy openness and increased detritus (debris) deposition are two of the most likely factors, but due to their simultaneous occurrence during a hurricane, their relative effects cannot be separated without a manipulative experiment. Hence, in the Luquillo Experimental Forest (LEF) of Puerto Rico, the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program (LTER) has undertaken experimental manipulations in replicated 30 x 30 m plots to simulate the major effects of hurricane disturbance–increased canopy openness and debris addition to the forest floor. Using a factorial …
Wildlife Strikes With Military Rotary-Wing Aircraft During Flight Operations Within The United States, Brian E. Washburn, Paul J. Cisar, Travis L. Devault
Wildlife Strikes With Military Rotary-Wing Aircraft During Flight Operations Within The United States, Brian E. Washburn, Paul J. Cisar, Travis L. Devault
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Wildlife–aircraft collisions (wildlife strikes) with civilian and military aircraft pose notable risks and economic losses. The 4 military services within the U.S. Department of Defense maintain records regarding wildlife strikes with military aircraft. Although rotary-wing aircraft operations comprise important mission components within all 4 military services, no assessment of wildlife strikes to military rotary-wing aircraft has been conducted. The objectives of this project were to 1) conduct a comprehensive analysis of data available from all military services regarding wildlife strikes with rotary-wing aircraft, and 2) provide recommendations to reduce the frequency and negative impacts of these strikes. We acquired all …
First Reports Of Pseudorabies And Winter Ticks (Dermacentor Albipictus) Associated With An Emerging Feral Swine (Sus Scrofa) Population In New Hampshire, Anthony R. Musante, Kerri Pedersen, Parker Hall
First Reports Of Pseudorabies And Winter Ticks (Dermacentor Albipictus) Associated With An Emerging Feral Swine (Sus Scrofa) Population In New Hampshire, Anthony R. Musante, Kerri Pedersen, Parker Hall
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
The expansion of feral swine (Sus scrofa) populations into new geographic regions is of concern not only due to increased range but also because they carry diseases and parasites that pose a threat to humans, livestock, and wildlife into new areas. Recently, emerging feral swine populations have been reported in the northeastern US and due to their adaptive nature will likely continue to spread. During 2009–2012, 49 feral swine were removed from three counties in New Hampshire. Of these, serum samples were submitted from 34 for disease surveillance testing. One of the feral swine was antibody-positive for pseudorabies virus (PRV) …
Efficacy And Health Effects Of A Wildlife Immunocontraceptive Vaccine On Fox Squirrels, Sara K. Krause, Douglas A. Kelt, James P. Gionfriddo, Dirk H. Van Vuren
Efficacy And Health Effects Of A Wildlife Immunocontraceptive Vaccine On Fox Squirrels, Sara K. Krause, Douglas A. Kelt, James P. Gionfriddo, Dirk H. Van Vuren
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Continued range expansion of introduced eastern fox squirrels (Sciurus niger) in the western United States could lead to widespread damage to agricultural crops, facility infrastructures, and displacement of the native western gray squirrel (S. griseus). Because traditional managment alternatives may not be feasible in many areas, public interest in the use of immunocontraceptive to control local populations has increased. We evaluated the efficacy of GonaCon TM immunocontraceptive vaccine for controlling eastern fox squirrel reproduction in Davis, California. We administered GonaCon to 33 male and 26 female fox squirrels, and a control substance to 33 males and 24 females. We subsequently …
Benefits To Rare Plants And Highway Safety From Annual Population Reductions Of A “Native Invader,” White-Tailed Deer, In A Chicago-Area Woodland, Richard M. Engeman, Travis Guerrant, Glen Dunn, Scott F. Beckerman, Chris Anchor
Benefits To Rare Plants And Highway Safety From Annual Population Reductions Of A “Native Invader,” White-Tailed Deer, In A Chicago-Area Woodland, Richard M. Engeman, Travis Guerrant, Glen Dunn, Scott F. Beckerman, Chris Anchor
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Overabundant white-tailed deer are one of the most serious threats to woodland plant communities in the Chicago area. Moreover, the abundant deer in a highly populated area causes economic harm and poses hazards to human safety through collisions with vehicles. The artificial conditions causing the overabundance and resulting consequences qualify the white-tailed deer in the Chicago area to be considered as "native invaders". We examined the benefits of culling deer at a Chicago-area woodland preserve by comparing browse rates on four endangered plant species from years before culling began with years with culling. We also examined deer-vehicle collision and traffic …
Invasive Black Spiny-Tailed Iguanas (Ctenosaura Similis) On Gasparilla Island, Florida, Usa, Michael L. Avery, Eric A. Tillman, Conny Spurfeld, Richard M. Engeman, Kelin P. Maciejewski, Jessica D. Brown, Emily A. Fetzer
Invasive Black Spiny-Tailed Iguanas (Ctenosaura Similis) On Gasparilla Island, Florida, Usa, Michael L. Avery, Eric A. Tillman, Conny Spurfeld, Richard M. Engeman, Kelin P. Maciejewski, Jessica D. Brown, Emily A. Fetzer
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
The native range of Ctenosaura similis extends from southern Mexico through Panama. From an initial introduction of 3 animals in 1979, the species now numbers in the thousands on Gasparilla Island in southwest Florida. In response to complaints of property damage from residents and threats to native species, local officials and the US Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services began a removal program in 2008. Through 2011, trappers removed 9467 ctenosaurs. The number removed declined from 32 iguanas/day in 2008 to 1.9 iguanas/day in 2011 despite no easing of the control effort. We necropsied 2757 ctenosaurs to document aspects of their …
Influence Of Egg Oiling On Colony Presence Of Ring-Billed Gulls, Travis L. Devault, Paige M. Schmidt, Fred E. Pogmore, John Gobeille, Jerrold L. Belant, Thomas W. Seamans
Influence Of Egg Oiling On Colony Presence Of Ring-Billed Gulls, Travis L. Devault, Paige M. Schmidt, Fred E. Pogmore, John Gobeille, Jerrold L. Belant, Thomas W. Seamans
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Egg oiling is a form of management in which bird eggs are coated with mineral or corn oil, preventing gas exchange through the shell and killing embryos. Unlike other nestdisturbance techniques, egg oiling reportedly precludes colony abandonment and, thus, can be advantageous when managers wish to limit dispersal within the breeding season to other locations while stabilizing the population or reducing productivity. However, unintended, indirect effects of egg oiling are not well-characterized. We evaluated the influence of egg oiling on ring-billed gulls (Larus delawarensis) within the Lake Champlain basin, Vermont, during the nesting season to determine whether egg …
Calving Location Selection Patterns Of Saiga Antelope In Mongolia, B. Buuveibaatar, T. K. Fuller, J. K. Young, J. Berger
Calving Location Selection Patterns Of Saiga Antelope In Mongolia, B. Buuveibaatar, T. K. Fuller, J. K. Young, J. Berger
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Habitat selection for calving by ungulates is an important behavioral trait because it affects neonate survival. Generally, ungulate calving site selection varies by vulnerability to predators, local topography, habitat quality and level of human disturbance. The Mongolian saiga (Saiga tatarica mongolica) is endemic to Mongolia where a threatened population of ∼7000 exists in the northern Gobi Desert. We analyzed factors that could affect selection of saiga calving locations in the Sharga Nature Reserve, western Mongolia, using data obtained from ground surveys over 4 years between 2008 and 2012. Multiple factors explain calving location selection by saiga antelopes, based …
Anthropogenic Conditioning Of Gray Jays To A Nutritious, Seasonal Aquatic Food Source, R. M. Engeman, C. J. Wiloth
Anthropogenic Conditioning Of Gray Jays To A Nutritious, Seasonal Aquatic Food Source, R. M. Engeman, C. J. Wiloth
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Gray Jays (Perisoreus canadensis) read ily learn that humans can be excellent sources of food (e.g. Rutter 1969) and therefore are common in many picnic areas, campgrounds and other areas frequented by humans in the Rocky Mountains. Bes ides rapid recognition of humans as sou rces of food, Gray Jays also do not appear to readily forget a discovered food source (e.g. Rutter 1969). Gray Jays also optimize food selection on the bas is of caloric intake and the effort required to identify and handle the food items (Maccarone and Montevecchi 1986) aga in, making places such as …
Weighing Empirical And Hypothetical Evidence For Assessing Potential Invasive Species Range Limits: A Review Of The Case Of Burmese Pythons In The Usa, Richard M. Engeman, Michael L. Avery, Elliot Jacobson
Weighing Empirical And Hypothetical Evidence For Assessing Potential Invasive Species Range Limits: A Review Of The Case Of Burmese Pythons In The Usa, Richard M. Engeman, Michael L. Avery, Elliot Jacobson
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Range expansion potential is an important consideration for prioritizing management actions against an invasive species. Understanding the potential for range expansion by invasive reptiles such as the Burmese python can be challenging, because the lack of knowledge on fundamental physiological and behavioral constraints initially forces reliance on modeling to predict hypothetical invasive range potential. Hypothetical predictions for Burmese python range limits in the USA have been highly divergent, from only extreme South Florida and the extreme southern Gulf edge of Texas to a broad swath over the southern third of the continental USA. Empirical observations on python thermal tolerances and …
Environmental Contaminant Concentrations In Canada Goose (Branta Canadensis) Muscle: Probabilistic Risk Assessment For Human Consumers, Katherine E. Horak, Richard Chipman, Lisa Murphy, John Johnston
Environmental Contaminant Concentrations In Canada Goose (Branta Canadensis) Muscle: Probabilistic Risk Assessment For Human Consumers, Katherine E. Horak, Richard Chipman, Lisa Murphy, John Johnston
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
The issue of food insecurity affects millions of people in the United States every year. Often these people rely on soup kitchens, food banks, and shelters for proper meals, and these organizations often depend on donations to meet needs. One of the most limited food resources is meat. To help alleviate this problem, the U.S. Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services donates more than 60 tons of wild game (deer, moose, feral hogs, goats, geese, and ducks) to a variety of charitable organizations each year. Although commercially produced meat routinely undergoes screening for contaminants, potential exposure to environmental contaminants from eating …
Using Sterilization To Change Predation Rates Of Wild Coyotes:A Test Case Involving Pronghorn Fawns, Renee G. Seidler, Eric M. Gese, Mary M. Conner
Using Sterilization To Change Predation Rates Of Wild Coyotes:A Test Case Involving Pronghorn Fawns, Renee G. Seidler, Eric M. Gese, Mary M. Conner
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Surgical sterilization of coyotes (Canis latrans) reduced their predation rate on domesticsheep. We investigated whether sterilizing coyotes would similarly change coyote pre-dation rates on pronghorn antelope (Antilocapra americana) neonates. From May 2006 toMarch 2008, we radio-collared 71 pronghorn fawns to determine survival rates in south-east Colorado, USA. During the first year of the study, all coyotes were reproductively intact. During the second year, we surgically sterilized 15 coyotes from 10 packs in the southernhalf of the study area, while nine coyotes from seven packs in the northern half were givensham sterilizations (i.e., remained reproductively intact). In …