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In-Situ Void Formation During Liquid Composite Molding For Preformed Warp, Weft, And Alternating Orientation Rtm Samples, Tanner Cal Garrett
In-Situ Void Formation During Liquid Composite Molding For Preformed Warp, Weft, And Alternating Orientation Rtm Samples, Tanner Cal Garrett
Theses and Dissertations
Carbon fiber reinforced parts are utilized by the transportation industry due to being strong yet lightweight. The highest quality parts are made using carbon fiber (CF) pre-impregnated with resin processed in an autoclave to reduce void content. The autoclave process is expensive and takes up a large amount of space, so liquid composite molding (LCM) is a less expensive alternative. The parts produced using LCM can be manufactured to rival the mechanical performance of parts made with pre-preg in an autoclave, but concerns remain over voids. Most research pertaining to void formation has been done ex-situ by either micro-CT or …
The Conditioning Of Reservoir Computing And Ng-Rc For Forecasting And The Effects Of Temporal Overparameterization, Daniel Jensen
The Conditioning Of Reservoir Computing And Ng-Rc For Forecasting And The Effects Of Temporal Overparameterization, Daniel Jensen
Theses and Dissertations
Reservoir computing and "Next-generation reservoir computing" built on nonlinear vector autoregression are algorithms for predicting time series given past observations. Both algorithms have been successful in predicting some chaotic dynamical systems, but this success is not theoretically well understood. This paper considers the conditioning of both algorithms and the nature of the solutions found. With either algorithm, the least squares problem which is solved to give parameters as a function of the time series data is ill-conditioned, leading to parameter non-identifiability. Both algorithms fall into the class of "sloppy models." Standard practice to regularize either algorithm includes a bias towards …
Surface-Texture Fabrication Of Zirconia-Toughened Alumina Using Focused Ion-Beam Machining, Kameron M. Woodruff
Surface-Texture Fabrication Of Zirconia-Toughened Alumina Using Focused Ion-Beam Machining, Kameron M. Woodruff
Theses and Dissertations
Focused ion-beam machining (FIBM), a precise form of micro-machining, was tested for feasibility in the manufacturing of microscopic dimples in zirconia-toughened alumina (ZTA), a wear resistant ceramic used in artificial joint replacements. The interaction between the ion-beam and the ceramic was characterized in terms of material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness, and notable irregularities (e.g. pitting, steps at vertical faces). These characteristics were used to design and machine patterns of microscopic dimples for tribological testing. The dimple size and pattern area were limited due to a slow MRR and high cost of milling. No significant difference in the coefficient of …
Investigation Of Temperature Control's Effects In Additive Friction Stir Deposition Of Al 7050-T7451, Jason Noah Glenn
Investigation Of Temperature Control's Effects In Additive Friction Stir Deposition Of Al 7050-T7451, Jason Noah Glenn
Theses and Dissertations
Additive Friction Stir Deposition (AFSD) is a friction stir based process that includes the addition of material extruding through a bore in the center of the rotating tool. The deformation of the material from the tool rotation and high pressures result in fully dense depositions printed at very high rates with forged like mechanical properties. While deposition properties of varying alloys have been increasingly published, little work has been done investigating control of the process and as with all additive processes, consistency and predictability are of significant concern before implementation can occur. One common control method implemented in Friction Stir …
Water Conservation For The Great Salt Lake: Measuring Success And Uncertainty In Utah's Efforts, Sarah E. Witney
Water Conservation For The Great Salt Lake: Measuring Success And Uncertainty In Utah's Efforts, Sarah E. Witney
Theses and Dissertations
The Great Salt Lake in Utah, United States is one of many saline lakes worldwide that is currently in decline. The shrinkage and collapse of global saline lakes is primarily caused by irrigated agriculture and other human consumptive uses, with secondary contributions from global climate change. Great Salt Lake's area has decreased by more than 50% relative to its long-term natural level. The decline of these lakes triggers serious and long-lasting socioeconomic consequences, including destruction of habitat, degradation of air quality, and damage to the economy. The Utah state government has instituted a variety of programs to conserve water to …
Isolation Structure Simulation And Measurement To Reduce Transmit-Receive Coupling In Compact X-Band Fmcw Radar, Bruce E. Averill
Isolation Structure Simulation And Measurement To Reduce Transmit-Receive Coupling In Compact X-Band Fmcw Radar, Bruce E. Averill
Theses and Dissertations
Transmit-receive isolation in a compact X-band FMCW radar antenna system is critical for system performance. A set of candidate isolation structures are explored. In the process, performance of a commercial FDTD EM simulation software package is evaluated for antenna array modelling. Noise parameters of receiver electronics on a prototype radar processing front-end are tested. Improvements to the BYU Microwave Lab RF anechoic chamber are also reported, with a focus on measurement repeatability and antenna pattern angular resolution.
Sample Preparation And Acquisition Strategies To Improve Accessibility And Proteome Depth In Single-Cell And Low-Input Proteomics, Sara Madisyn Johnston
Sample Preparation And Acquisition Strategies To Improve Accessibility And Proteome Depth In Single-Cell And Low-Input Proteomics, Sara Madisyn Johnston
Theses and Dissertations
Proteins are responsible for important cellular functions and processes including regulation, structural integrity, signaling, transport, and immune functions. Proteomics directly identifies these proteins and enables deeper characterization of the dynamic cellular environment beyond the capabilities of genomics and transcriptomics. Single-cell proteomics further enhances this approach by capturing cellular heterogeneity, which bulk proteomics obscures due to averaging protein expression across large cell populations. Despite significant advances in single-cell proteomics, continued innovation is necessary to increase workflow accessibility and throughput, minimize peptide losses, and achieve comprehensive coverage of the proteome. This dissertation addresses these challenges by developing improved sample preparation methods, two-dimensional …
Non-Destructive Testing Of Stressed Materials Using X-Ray Diffraction And Second-Harmonic Generation, Melissa Nguyen Lumogdang
Non-Destructive Testing Of Stressed Materials Using X-Ray Diffraction And Second-Harmonic Generation, Melissa Nguyen Lumogdang
Theses and Dissertations
A material in use, anywhere from a plastic bag to common infrastructure, will eventually fail from deformation. When strained, the material chemical structure can change, and that change is dependent on many factors, including the amount of strain and strain rate. Understanding the relationship between physical properties and structural changes due to deformation can allow structural manipulation to achieve the desired physical properties. Additionally, research into non-destructive testing (NDT) methods can be used as supporting evidence for replacing destructive testing methods and possible infield stress monitoring. In this dissertation, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and second-harmonic generation (SHG) are the main NDT …
Innovations In Sample Handling Automation To Increase Accessibility Of Sample-Limited Proteomics, Nathaniel Ben Axtell
Innovations In Sample Handling Automation To Increase Accessibility Of Sample-Limited Proteomics, Nathaniel Ben Axtell
Theses and Dissertations
Innovation is the vehicle that drives scientific research forward in virtually every field. Advances in genome sequencing propelled the human genome project to completion in 2003 and set the stage for the era of proteomics. Now decades of innovation in liquid chromatography (LC) and mass spectrometry (MS) have improved sensitivity sufficiently to enable single-cell proteomics and other sample-limited studies. Single-cell proteomics reveal patterns of gene expression that are often obscured by bulk-scale proteomics, leading to the identification of new protein biomarker candidates. Sensitive targeted proteomics is the key to successful translation of low-abundance protein assays into clinical applications. With a …
Effects Of Novel Fire Regimes On Plant And Animal Communities, Ryan Pienaar
Effects Of Novel Fire Regimes On Plant And Animal Communities, Ryan Pienaar
Theses and Dissertations
Human actions are threatening global biodiversity through changes to ecosystems to which species are not well adapted. One of the main pathways by which humans affect change is through altered disturbance regimes. This includes changes in the size, frequency, and severity of wildfires. The impact of wildfires on native plant and animal communities varies across ecosystems as species in a community have adapted relatively predictable fire patterns over time. Changing fire patterns alters successional dynamics that can favor certain species over others and thus have a negative impact on biodiversity. This dissertation evaluates responses of different plant and animal species …
Improved Soil Parameters For Lateral Pile Analysis From Full-Scale Load Tests In Cohesionless Soil, Dallin Bruce Widmer
Improved Soil Parameters For Lateral Pile Analysis From Full-Scale Load Tests In Cohesionless Soil, Dallin Bruce Widmer
Theses and Dissertations
One common software program developed for analyzing single laterally loaded piles is called LPILE. Soil properties are required as input into LPILE. For sands, the soil properties required are effective soil unit weight, γ’; modulus of subgrade reaction, k; and the internal friction angle,ϕ’. There are two commonly used methods to obtain ϕ’ and subsequently k: the API method and Bolton method. Using the Bolton method to determine the soil strength properties gives more accurate load deflection values with respect to measured values from field tests. The Bolton method led to a 46% reduction in the predicted deflection error compared …
Reconnaissance Investigation Of Soil-Structure Harmonics And Building Collapse Patterns In The 2024 Noto And 2016 Kumamoto Japan Earthquakes, Nathan Cole Chesnut
Reconnaissance Investigation Of Soil-Structure Harmonics And Building Collapse Patterns In The 2024 Noto And 2016 Kumamoto Japan Earthquakes, Nathan Cole Chesnut
Theses and Dissertations
This study used ambient vibration data collected during a reconnaissance mission to assess whether harmonics between structures and the underlying soil played a significant role in the pattern of buildings that collapsed in the magnitude 7.5 Noto Japan earthquake on January 1, 2024, and the magnitude 6.2 to 7.0 Kumamoto Japan earthquake series that occurred between April 14 and 16, 2016. Portable seismometers were used to measure the natural soil and structural frequencies of vibration under ambient loading at sites in Wajima, a city located on the Noto Peninsula, and in four locations in and around Kumamoto City. Soil frequency …
Methamphetamine Effects On The Striatal Neuroimmune System, Hillary Adelaide Wadsworth
Methamphetamine Effects On The Striatal Neuroimmune System, Hillary Adelaide Wadsworth
Theses and Dissertations
Dopamine is thought of as the reward molecule of the brain, and while it does deal with reward, it is also associated with motivation and crucial for controlled movement. There are two main dopaminergic systems in the brain, the nigrostriatal system, which originates in the substantia nigra compacta and projects dopamine into the dorsal striatum; and the mesolimbic system, which originates in the ventral tegmental area and projects dopamine into the nucleus accumbens. While the mesolimbic dopamine system deals with motivation and reward, the nigrostriatal pathway underlies movement. Microglia are the immune cells of the brain and are incredibly dynamic. …
Durability Of Lightweight Concrete Bridge Decks In Utah, Lorenzo Eusebi-Diehr
Durability Of Lightweight Concrete Bridge Decks In Utah, Lorenzo Eusebi-Diehr
Theses and Dissertations
The objectives of this research were to document and compare properties of lightweight concrete and normal-weight concrete used for construction of bridge decks and approach slabs in northern Utah. The scope of work included field and laboratory testing to characterize concrete specimens obtained from three lightweight concrete bridge deck sites and the normal-weight concrete approach slabs at one of these sites, which were recommended by the Utah Department of Transportation for evaluation, as well as laboratory testing to characterize concrete specimens obtained through previous research on lightweight and normal-weight concrete bridge decks. For field testing, a distress survey was performed …
Advancing Global Flood Inundation Mapping From Srtm To Fabdem, Taylor James Miskin
Advancing Global Flood Inundation Mapping From Srtm To Fabdem, Taylor James Miskin
Theses and Dissertations
This study evaluates how elevation and hydrography inputs influence flood extent accuracy using ARC (Automated Rating Curve), a raster-based flood inundation model. It focuses on how spatial resolution and vertical accuracy, reflecting the satellite mission from which each dataset was derived, and bare-earth processing of the DEM affect the accuracy of predicted flood extents. The assessment compares four dataset combinations--FABDEM with GEOGLOWS River Forecasting System Version 1(RFS1), FABDEM with GEOGLOWS River Forecasting System Version 2(RFS2), SRTM with RFS1, and SRTM with RFS2--across five study locations: the Suncook River in New Hampshire, North Fork Kentucky River in Kentucky, Nimishillen Creek in …
Language Choice And Russian Course Enrollment Among University Students, Emma Calderwood
Language Choice And Russian Course Enrollment Among University Students, Emma Calderwood
Theses and Dissertations
University Russian enrollments have been steadily declining in the United States since 2009 (MLA, 2023). No research has been done to examine student motivation for studying Russian since long before the 2022 increase in conflict between Russia and Ukraine. This study surveys two groups of students at the university level: students enrolled in BYU 101-level language classes, and students enrolled in Russian classes at six universities in the United States. The findings report that the most common reasons students choose to take university Russian classes is because they have a general interest in the language, they want to travel to …
Durability Of Rapid-Setting Concrete Repairs On Pavement Panels And Bridge Decks In Utah, Steven Benjamin Burdette
Durability Of Rapid-Setting Concrete Repairs On Pavement Panels And Bridge Decks In Utah, Steven Benjamin Burdette
Theses and Dissertations
The objective of this research was to evaluate the durability of rapid-setting concrete batched using volumetric concrete mixers and placed in a cold region. The scope of work included field and laboratory evaluations of rapid-setting concrete repairs on both pavement panels and bridge decks in Utah. Six sites in northern Utah were selected by Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) personnel for evaluation. At the time of inspection, the repairs had been in service for 4 to 5 years. Field research included visual inspection, Schmidt rebound hammer testing, resistivity testing, and concrete sampling. Laboratory research included stiffness testing, compressive strength testing, …
Reconstruction Of Cad Models Into Single Trimmed Surfaces, Rebecca Rasmussen
Reconstruction Of Cad Models Into Single Trimmed Surfaces, Rebecca Rasmussen
Theses and Dissertations
Classical methods by which computer-aided design (CAD) geometries are represented for both design and analysis involve meshing. However, the current process of converting a CAD model into an analysis-suitable surface mesh for the automotive industry takes a significant amount of time and labor, results in a faceted representation of the original smooth geometry, and generates representations that are prohibitively expensive for use in high-order explicit dynamics computations. This research focuses on accurately and efficiently rebuilding given CAD surfaces or meshes, such as shell-like components of automotive vehicles, into smooth, single trimmed spline surface approximations (rather than typical piecewise-linear approximations), making …
The Influence Of Leaders And Managers In Commercial Construction, Samuel F. Merrill
The Influence Of Leaders And Managers In Commercial Construction, Samuel F. Merrill
Theses and Dissertations
This research explores how the distinct traits of leadership and management influence supervisory effectiveness and employee experiences in Utah's commercial construction sector. While leadership and management are often conflated, this study draws on foundational literature that defines leadership as people-centered, visionary, and empowering. In contrast, management is characterized as results-driven, process-oriented, and focused on control. Using survey data from 95 individuals working in commercial construction, the study evaluates how supervisors with leadership or managerial characteristics are perceived by their teams. Supervisors were categorized based on observable behaviors selected by respondents, distinguishing leadership traits from managerial traits. Supervisors identified as leaders …
Assessing The Effectiveness Of Aging Techniques On Cloning Fpga-Based Configurable Ring Oscillator Pufs, Jonathan Thompson
Assessing The Effectiveness Of Aging Techniques On Cloning Fpga-Based Configurable Ring Oscillator Pufs, Jonathan Thompson
Theses and Dissertations
Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are reconfigurable devices that are used in industries that often require increased security. Physically unclonable functions (PUFs) are a security primitive used on FPGAs for device authentication and key generation. However, the output of a PUF can be susceptible to changes in the environment, such as voltage and temperature, as well as changes in device performance that occur due to transistor aging. Previous work has shown that it is possible to induce targeted accelerated aging in order to intentionally change a PUF response, even to the point of cloning one PUF to behave like another. …
Organismal Classification And The Phylogenetic Tree: Improving Its Teaching Using Decision-Based Learning, Melissa Cavan
Organismal Classification And The Phylogenetic Tree: Improving Its Teaching Using Decision-Based Learning, Melissa Cavan
Theses and Dissertations
For a lot of students, learning biology is like learning a new language. There are new terms and concepts that a lot of new students have never heard of. Evolution is the cornerstone for understanding biology, yet it is one of the more misunderstood topics. In combination with learning new terms and concepts some students come in with preconceived ideas about evolution or misunderstandings about how evolution and the phylogenetic tree work. The research indicates instructors attempting active learning techniques to increase understanding of the phylogenetic tree with mixed results, where there appears to be some improvement but nothing significant. …
Longitudinal Analysis Of Evergreen Forest Cover Dynamics In The Great Salt Lake Basin: A Landsat-Based Stochastic Classification Approach And Comparative Assessment With The National Land Cover Dataset, Kaleb Markert
Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation presents an investigation into the changes of evergreen forest cover within the Great Salt Lake Basin and its implications for regional water resources. Utilizing a Random Forest Classifier (RFC) model trained on Landsat imagery, this research developed a methodology to map and track changes in evergreen forest coverage over the period from 1984 to 2019. The initial phase of this study focused on the development of model trained within the Bear Lake sub-basin, demonstrating the feasibility of the method for analysis of coniferous coverage. The model incorporated summer and winter Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to enhance the …
The Value Of Alternative Credentials To Earners And Employers, Daniel O. Young
The Value Of Alternative Credentials To Earners And Employers, Daniel O. Young
Theses and Dissertations
Between the rising cost of education and the oft-mentioned skills gap, current and potential students are pursuing alternatives to expensive 4-year degrees. This has contributed to the rapid rise of alternative credentials over the past 10 years. However, these alternatives still struggle with public awareness, questions of validity, and familiarity and acceptance by employers. This dissertation focuses on understanding the research surrounding alternative credentials and specifically looks at whether those credentials have perceived or actual value for gaining or improving an individual's career. To better understand this topic, I looked to the literature for context, and used data gathered from …
A Novel Approach To Detect Shapes Of Constant Width, Ian D. Monk
A Novel Approach To Detect Shapes Of Constant Width, Ian D. Monk
Theses and Dissertations
Bodies of constant width have been studied mathematically since Euler and have found various applications in engineering and other areas. In this paper, we seek to develop novel tools to gain deeper insights into these shapes and to better be able to analyze them. The idea which motivates the development in this paper is as follows: a body has constant width if and only if the chord connecting the intersections of the boundary of the body with each pair of parallel hyper planes which lie tangent to a body lies perpendicular to the hyper planes.This is a known fact and …
Frost Heave Of Clayey Soils Treated With Cement Or Lime, Ammon K. Hymas
Frost Heave Of Clayey Soils Treated With Cement Or Lime, Ammon K. Hymas
Theses and Dissertations
The objective of this research was to measure and compare the effects of portland cement and lime at low, medium, and high concentrations on the frost-heave susceptibility of multiple clayey soils with varying plasticity indices. The scope of work included laboratory frost-heave testing of three clayey soils sampled from Monticello, Utah; Bloomington, Indiana; and San Antonio, Texas. Each soil was tested with two stabilizers, cement or lime, at three concentrations, as well as with no treatment. Two replicate samples were prepared for each combination, for a total of 42 specimens. The frost-heave testing procedures for this research involved preparing specimen …
Hydrologic Decision Support In The Nile Basin: Creating Status And Outlook Products From The Geoglows Hydrologic Model, Rachel Huber
Hydrologic Decision Support In The Nile Basin: Creating Status And Outlook Products From The Geoglows Hydrologic Model, Rachel Huber
Theses and Dissertations
Decision makers and stakeholders need information about current and future streamflow to make informed decisions and we show how the GEOGLOWS Hydrologic Model, known as River Forecast System (RFS), can be used to provide hydrologic status and outlook products to inform these decisions. We examine a specific use case of RFS in the Nile River Basin and how RFS is used to provide users with hydrologic status products. We work with stakeholders at the Nile Basin Initiative to assess their needs for this information. We use basic low flow calculations to compute the Standardized Streamflow Index (SSI) and the 95th …
Systematic Analysis On The Applications Of Infrastructure Asset Management In Utah, Kelvin Kozakevitch
Systematic Analysis On The Applications Of Infrastructure Asset Management In Utah, Kelvin Kozakevitch
Theses and Dissertations
Public infrastructure is essential to a region’s economic stability and quality of life, especially its rural infrastructure where most consumable and essential goods derive from. Given the high capital investment required for infrastructure development and maintenance, asset management plans (IAM) are critical. Even though academic research exists on the problems rural infrastructure management face, little is known about the actual state, barriers and causes for the challenges IAM faces in rural Utah. This study examines the current challenges and barriers in IAM among rural communities in Utah. Employing a grounded theory approach, data was collected through a two-phase methodology: phase …
The Crystal Ball Is Cloudy: Teacher Preparation Programs' Challenges In Predicting Effective Teaching From Teacher Characteristics, Benjamin Pacini
The Crystal Ball Is Cloudy: Teacher Preparation Programs' Challenges In Predicting Effective Teaching From Teacher Characteristics, Benjamin Pacini
Theses and Dissertations
Teacher preparation programs (TPPs) stand to benefit if they can reliably link pre-service teacher characteristics with later teaching quality--for example, by better supporting underperformers and spotting high-potential candidates early. In this study, I use data from a university in the Mountain West to analyze the relationships between pre-college student characteristics and teaching evaluation scores during student teaching, as scored on Danielson's Framework for Teaching (FFT) rubric. My findings suggest that no significant relationship exists between FFT scores and demographic characteristics such as age, sex, marital status, or poverty. Pre-college academic variables (i.e., GPA and standardized test scores) show small but …
Enabling Next-Generation Microfluidics Through Advances In High-Resolution 3d Printing, Matthew S. Viglione
Enabling Next-Generation Microfluidics Through Advances In High-Resolution 3d Printing, Matthew S. Viglione
Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation advances the field of microfluidic device fabrication through the development and application of high-resolution 3D printing technologies. The convergence of stereolithography (SLA) with digital light processing (DLP) has created unprecedented opportunities for microfluidic device fabrication, enabling truly three-dimensional structures with feature sizes approaching the single-micron scale. Building upon foundational work in custom 3D printer development, this research addresses critical limitations in 3D printing that have historically constrained microfluidic innovation, spanning multiple generations of custom 3D printers and technical innovations that have enabled the fabrication of increasingly complex microfluidic devices while enhancing resolution, repeatability, speed, and accessibility. A comprehensive …
A Low-Cost Micro Actuator Driven By Electrowetting-On-Dielectric, Behzad Parsi
A Low-Cost Micro Actuator Driven By Electrowetting-On-Dielectric, Behzad Parsi
Theses and Dissertations
Microfluidic techniques have been shown to address limitations of reconfigurable radio frequency (RF) antennas and filters in efficiency, power handling capability, cost, and frequency tuning. However, the current devices suffer from significant integration challenges associated with packaging, actuation, and control. Recent advances in reconfigurable microfluidics that utilize the motion of a selectively metalized plate (SMP) for RF tuning have demonstrated promising RF capabilities but have exposed a need for an accurate fluid actuation model. This research presents models for the dynamics of plate actuation under multiple scenarios. In the first phase, the mechanical motion of a moving plate (e.g. SMP) …