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The Response Of Hn4 Cells To Porphyromonas Gingivalis Dna, Cheyanne Warren Jun 2008

The Response Of Hn4 Cells To Porphyromonas Gingivalis Dna, Cheyanne Warren

Theses and Dissertations

Periodontal disease is one of the most common human diseases. Bacteria trigger the onset and progression of the disease and among them Porphyromonas gingivalis has been demonstrated to be a major etiologic agent. Although the interaction of the bacterium with the host is of major importance for the understanding of the disease mechanisms, both the host as well as the pathogen components involved in the interaction remain poorly understood. One of the bacterial components capable of eliciting a host response is unmethylated CpG DNA motifs found in bacteria. Thus, the first aim was to determine the response of oral epithelial …


Connecting With Diverse Students Through Dialogue Journals, Jacqueline G. Mikkelson Jun 2008

Connecting With Diverse Students Through Dialogue Journals, Jacqueline G. Mikkelson

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this explorative study was to determine how a White, female, beginning teacher could attempt to build relationships with African American and Hispanic students in a third grade classroom. There were 5 participants: 3 female and 2 male, all of whom were from working class African American or Hispanic families. I implemented dialogue journals into my lessons so that my students and I could learn personal attributes of one another. I retained 8 dialogue journal conversations from all 5 students. Upon completion of dialogue journal implementation, students completed a written self-evaluation survey with open-ended questions pertaining to their …


Reluctant Virginity: The Relationship Between Sexual Status And Self-Esteem, Dina Dimauro Jun 2008

Reluctant Virginity: The Relationship Between Sexual Status And Self-Esteem, Dina Dimauro

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to identify group differences between sexual status (reluctant virgins, satisfied virgins, and non-virgins) in college students. Specifically, this study explored differences between groups in self-esteem (global, social, and body), dating (length of relationship and number of dating partners), and the beliefs in the double standard mediating differences in self-esteem. It was hypothesized that reluctant virgins would have lower self-esteem and shorter relationships than satisfied virgins and non-virgins. There was modest support for the stated hypotheses: reluctant virgins had lower social self esteem (M= 114.4) than non-virgins (M= 138.5). Reluctant virgins …


Plumage Ornamentation As An Indicator Of Female Age And An Influence In Male Mate Choice In Protonotaria Citrea, The Prothonotary Warbler In Virginia., Terry Smith Jun 2008

Plumage Ornamentation As An Indicator Of Female Age And An Influence In Male Mate Choice In Protonotaria Citrea, The Prothonotary Warbler In Virginia., Terry Smith

Theses and Dissertations

Flamboyant plumage and ornamentation is common and well-known in male birds; it serves as a sexual display to attract potential mates. While flamboyant plumage is less common and usually more subtle in female birds, it does occur in some species such as Dark-Eyed Juncos (Junco hyemalis) and Prothonotary Warblers (Protonotaria citrea). Prothonotary Warblers display relatively subtle sexual dimorphism. This study examines variations in tail spot patterns in Prothonotary Warblers and relates those variations to age in females. Females with fewer than six spots tend to be two years old or younger; females with six spots or more tend to be …


Effects Of In-Home Positive Behavior Support Training On Parent Perceptions Of Parent-Child Relationships And Maladaptive Behavior, Elisha K. Kamalu Jun 2008

Effects Of In-Home Positive Behavior Support Training On Parent Perceptions Of Parent-Child Relationships And Maladaptive Behavior, Elisha K. Kamalu

Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the effects of the positive behavior support program Family HOPE conducted in homes of families of children with disabilities. Graduate students conducted an 8-10 week collaborative method of training for parents of children with disabilities to reduce problem behaviors of their child with a disability. The Parent-Child Relationship Inventory (PCRI) and Scales of Independent Behavior-Revised (SIB-R) were given to both experimental and control group families to investigate the program effects on parents' perceptions of limit setting, parental support, frequency and severity of problem behaviors. Results indicated that there was not a significant pre-post difference for either group …


Negotiating Identity In The Transnational Imaginary Of Julia Alvarez's And Edwidge Danticat's Literature, Erik R. Kerby Jun 2008

Negotiating Identity In The Transnational Imaginary Of Julia Alvarez's And Edwidge Danticat's Literature, Erik R. Kerby

Theses and Dissertations

The increased contact between nations and cultures in the globalization of the twenty-first century requires an increased accountability for the ways in which individuals and countries negotiate these points of contact. New World and Caribbean Studies envision the cross-cultural and transnational encounters between indigenous, European, and African peoples as important contributors to a paradigm within which identity in relation offers an alternative to identities rooted in national and filial frameworks. Such frameworks limit the ability to construct identity without relying upon static representations of history, culture, and ethnicity that tend to privilege one group over another. In the literature of …


Mormon Rhetoric And The Theory Of Organic Evolution, Kurt Wilford Laird Jun 2008

Mormon Rhetoric And The Theory Of Organic Evolution, Kurt Wilford Laird

Theses and Dissertations

Most rhetorical studies of evolution/religion debates have addressed the media version of the debates that pits fundamentalist religion against science. Yet, most of the rhetorical studies in this area have not been nuanced enough to appreciate the complexity of the rhetoric resulting from this rich area of discourse. This study provides a rhetorical analysis of the evolution rhetoric in one particular religion, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), and focuses on the discourse of two prominent leaders in the LDS Church, B.H. Roberts and Joseph Fielding Smith. In the LDS Church there is a clear distinction …


Time-Frequency Analysis Of Terahertz Radar Signals For Rapit Heart And Breath Rate Detection, Melody L. Massar Jun 2008

Time-Frequency Analysis Of Terahertz Radar Signals For Rapit Heart And Breath Rate Detection, Melody L. Massar

Theses and Dissertations

We develop new time-frequency analytic techniques which facilitate the rapid detection of a person's heart and breath rates from the Doppler shift the movement of their body induces in a terahertz radar signal. In particular, the Doppler shift in the continuous radar return is proportional to the velocity of the person's body. Thus, a time-frequency analysis of the radar return will yield a velocity signal. This signal, in turn, may undergo a second time-frequency analysis to yield any periodic components of the velocity signal, which are often related to the heart and breath rates of the individual. One straightforward means …


Developing A Decision Model For Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Organization (Jieddo) Proposal Selection, Lyle M. Dawley, Lenore A. Marentee, Alice Marie Long Jun 2008

Developing A Decision Model For Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Organization (Jieddo) Proposal Selection, Lyle M. Dawley, Lenore A. Marentee, Alice Marie Long

Theses and Dissertations

This research uses decision analysis to develop a structured, repeatable and most importantly defensible decision model for the evaluation of proposed IED defeat solutions submitted to the Joint IED Defeat Organization (JIEDDO). Additive value models using Value-Focused Thinking (VFT) and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) are examined as possible methodologies. VFT is determined to be the "best fit" for JIEDDO's decision situation in which proposals are submitted continuously and must be scored independently of previous proposals. VFT is first used to determine desirable qualities in IED defeat options, and then to generate a hierarchal value model to evaluate these qualities …


The Relationship Between Psychological Well-Being And Work Productivity: Validation Of The Oq Productivity Index, Vinessa Kaye Trotter May 2008

The Relationship Between Psychological Well-Being And Work Productivity: Validation Of The Oq Productivity Index, Vinessa Kaye Trotter

Theses and Dissertations

Managed Mental Health Care (MMHC) began blanketing the United States when cost of care rose exponentially. MMHC is one avenue many employers and insurance companies have chosen to provide employees with mental health treatment at controlled costs. However, not all employers view supplying their employees with mental health treatment beneficial, as they do not know mental health problems can significantly decrease work productivity. Brown and Jones (2005) used the Social Role Scale (SR) of the Severe Outcome Questionnaire (SOQ) to estimate work productivity in employees under the assumption that the scale measures work productivity. The purpose of this study was …


Modeling The Hydrolyzing Action Of Secretory Phospholipase A2 With Ordinary Differential Equations And Monte Carlo Methods, Zijun Lan Dozier May 2008

Modeling The Hydrolyzing Action Of Secretory Phospholipase A2 With Ordinary Differential Equations And Monte Carlo Methods, Zijun Lan Dozier

Theses and Dissertations

Although cell membranes normally resist the hydrolysis of secretory phospholipase A2, a series of current investigations demonstrated that the changes in lipid order caused by increased calcium has a relationship with the susceptibility to phospholipase A2. To further explore this relationship, we setup ordinary differential equations models, statistic models and stochastic models to compare the response of human erythrocytes to the hydrolyzing action of secretory phospholipase A2 and the relationship between the susceptibility of hydrolysis and the physical properties of secretory phospholipase A2. Furthermore, we use models to determine the ability of calcium ionophore to increased membrane susceptibility.


The Impact Of Student Involvement And Engagement On African American Undergraduate Success In College, Keron A. Piper May 2008

The Impact Of Student Involvement And Engagement On African American Undergraduate Success In College, Keron A. Piper

Theses and Dissertations

The primary purpose of the study was to investigate student involvement and engagement levels and its impact on various aspects of student life on selected African American students at Rowan University. Data were collected by means of a Likert-style survey. In addition, a focus group was conducted consisting of students from the survey sample. Data analysis from the survey suggests that faculty involvement and active/collaborative learning in the classroom are very important to academic success in college. Holding an internship, making class presentations, and tutoring other students were reported as having a positive impact on GPA. From the focus group, …


The Effects Of Self-Management Strategies For High School Students With Disabilities, Michael Mccoach May 2008

The Effects Of Self-Management Strategies For High School Students With Disabilities, Michael Mccoach

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of self-management strategies to reduce the inappropriate calling out behavior and replace with an appropriate behavior, raising hands. A total of nine high school students attending a math class in the special education classroom participated in the study. A single subject research design with ABC phases was used. During Phase A, the observer recorded student calling-out behavior in each math class for four weeks as baseline data. During Phase B, students were given instruction on self-management to record their own behavior for four weeks. During Phase C, the self-management strategy …


Attitudes Toward Women's Roles: A Study Of Selected Undergraduate Students At Rowan University, Alicia M. Groatman May 2008

Attitudes Toward Women's Roles: A Study Of Selected Undergraduate Students At Rowan University, Alicia M. Groatman

Theses and Dissertations

The main purpose of this study was to look at students' attitudes toward women's roles of 381 selected undergraduate female and male students at Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, in March, 2008. Also investigated was the impact of demographic factors such as age, class level, class status, major, gender and race. The data on the attitudes toward women's roles was collected using a 25 item Likert-scale survey. The data analysis suggests that the selected students had a profeminist, egalitarian attitude rather than a traditional, conservative attitude. There was a moderate correlation between the gender of the students and their attitudes toward …


Storming The Castle: Non-Secular Subversion Of The Pas D'Armes In The Castle Of Perseverance, John Moss May 2008

Storming The Castle: Non-Secular Subversion Of The Pas D'Armes In The Castle Of Perseverance, John Moss

Theses and Dissertations

It is important to remember that the categories of medieval performance were established far removed from their period in history. As a genre, the morality play includes a wide diversity of time, geography, content and performance styles. Such disparities have made it difficult to develop a comprehensive definition, without which comparisons between works cannot be consistent. As scholarship continues to explore these works in context of their performance, it becomes increasingly important to identify which performance styles best inform their production. In examining The Castle of Perseverance within the parameters of pas d’armes, new meanings can be drawn from its …


Perceptions Of General Education Teachers In Inclusive Settings, Katherine A. Conner May 2008

Perceptions Of General Education Teachers In Inclusive Settings, Katherine A. Conner

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the collaborative relationships between general education teachers and their colleagues in school psychology and special education when in inclusive environments and to determine the effects of their perceptions on student-teacher relationships. Specifically, the researcher hypothesized that teachers with more knowledge and positive perceptions of their colleagues would have more positive relationships with the ASD included children in their classrooms. Consequently, those who have had children with ASD in their classes in the past were expected to be more knowledgeable about the field of school psychology and the special education department. Thirdly, training …


Effect Of Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers On Arterial Pressure And Vasoactivity In The Rat Mesentery, Michael Kim May 2008

Effect Of Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers On Arterial Pressure And Vasoactivity In The Rat Mesentery, Michael Kim

Theses and Dissertations

Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers provide a promising future as an alternative to human blood transfusions. Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers, HBOCs, provide a lowcost, easy to maintain, and safe solution. They require no refrigeration and are universally compatible, and the required transfusion volume is less than that of a normal transfusion. HBOCs have been known to have adverse side effects such as renal toxicity, gastrointestinal dismotility, and hypertension. Many of these problems stem from the lack of a membrane, which protects the hemoglobin from dissociating and extravasating into the blood vessel wall. Extracellular hemoglobin, like that found in HBOCs, has a greater affinity …


Petrography Of The Cook-Mccormick Core, Eutaw Formation, Heidelberg Field Mississippi And Relationship To Microbial Permeability Profile Modification, Krystal Marie Collins May 2008

Petrography Of The Cook-Mccormick Core, Eutaw Formation, Heidelberg Field Mississippi And Relationship To Microbial Permeability Profile Modification, Krystal Marie Collins

Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this study is to characterize heterogeneity, mineralogy, and diagenetic history in the Upper Cretaceous Eutaw Formation of the Heidelberg field Jasper County, Mississippi through analysis of the Cook-McCormick-4 core. The Eutaw Formation in this interval ranges from fine-grained sandstone to siltstone. Interbedded oil-rich sandstone beds are between 1-2 in (3-5 cm) and 3ft (1 m) thick. A few intervals display consistent lithology over as much as 9 ft (3 m), however, in the majority of core beds range from 1-2 inches (3-5 cm) to 2-3 ft (0.6-1 m). Calcite is not present in oil-rich units, suggesting that …


An Investigation Of Paraoxonase-1 Activities In The Serum Of Southerners As Related To Gender And Race, Kimberly Ann Davis May 2008

An Investigation Of Paraoxonase-1 Activities In The Serum Of Southerners As Related To Gender And Race, Kimberly Ann Davis

Theses and Dissertations

Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) has an anti-oxidative function in preventing the formation of oxidized lipoproteins (LDL and HDL) and hydrolyzing the active metabolites of some organophosphate insecticides (e.g., paraoxon and diazoxon) and other non-physiological substrates. PON1Q192R affects PON1 hydrolytic activity and its protective role against oxidative stress, thereby influencing susceptibility to cardiovascular disease among individuals. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of race, gender, and age on PON1 activities and PON1192 genotypes in Caucasian and African American Southerners. Serum samples from 200 individuals (equally distributed race and gender classes, ages 25-55) were assayed spectrophotometrically for paraoxon and diazoxon …


Categorization Of Soil Suitability To Crop Switchgrass At Mississippi, Us Using Geographic Information System, Multicriteria Analysis And Sensitivity Analysis, Eduardo Fernando Arias May 2008

Categorization Of Soil Suitability To Crop Switchgrass At Mississippi, Us Using Geographic Information System, Multicriteria Analysis And Sensitivity Analysis, Eduardo Fernando Arias

Theses and Dissertations

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) has been widely investigated because of its notable properties as an alternative pasture grass and as an important biofuel source. The goal of this study was to determine soil suitability for Switchgrass in Mississippi. A linear weighted additive model was developed to predict site suitability. Multicriteria analysis and Sensitivity analysis were utilized to optimize the model. The model was fit using seven years of field data associated with soils characteristics collected from NRCS-USDA. The best model was selected by correlating estimated biomass yield with each model’s soils-based output for Switchgrass suitability. Pearson’s r (correlation coefficient) was the …


Causes Of Whitening Of Ivy Geraniums (Pelargonium Peltatum), Ritu Dhir May 2008

Causes Of Whitening Of Ivy Geraniums (Pelargonium Peltatum), Ritu Dhir

Theses and Dissertations

The development of whitening of the youngest leaves of actively growing ivy geranium (Pelargonium peltatum L.) has been observed as the season changes from late spring to summer. This study was conducted to determine the specific environmental causes of whitening, if micronutrients deficiencies cause similar whitening, whether low night temperatures can reverse whitening, and whether salicylic acid affects growth and whitening in ivy geraniums. Two cultivars, ‘Beach’ and ‘Butterfly’, with different susceptibility to whitening were chosen for this study. Elevated air temperature, but not elevated root-zone temperature, was found to be the environmental cause of whitening in ivy geranium. Elevated …


An Integrated Subterranean Termite Management System Coupling Soil Amendments With Insect Repellent Plant Tissues, Shane Clinton Kitchens May 2008

An Integrated Subterranean Termite Management System Coupling Soil Amendments With Insect Repellent Plant Tissues, Shane Clinton Kitchens

Theses and Dissertations

Currently, soil termiticides are the primary termite defense mechanism used under and around living spaces in the continental United States. While this form of treatment has been effective for many years, the creation of a new, more environmentally friendly termite management system could reduce the amount of termiticides introduced annually into the environment around structures. A natural barrier containing soil amendments and mulches amended with insect-repellent plant tissues discourages termite foraging and directs the termites away from the structure. The proposed integrated management system developed during this project, divides a structure into three zones. Each zone has particular responsibilities to …


A 17-Year Assesment Of Changes In Biomass In The South Of Chile, Using Landsat Satellite Images, Fredy A. Bernales May 2008

A 17-Year Assesment Of Changes In Biomass In The South Of Chile, Using Landsat Satellite Images, Fredy A. Bernales

Theses and Dissertations

Southern Chile is recognized by different international organizations such as UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization), and Conservational International as an ecologically sensitive area. The country of Chile is home to one third of the earth’s remaining temperate forests. Monitoring and assessing land cover changes in these forests is important not only to international organizations but to the people of Chile. The lack of multi-temporal studies that evaluate changes in land cover biomass make this study an important one for increasing awareness of how the evolution of the landscape affects environmental planning and development of legal precedents aimed …


Steam Reforming Of Oxygenated Hydrocarbons For Hydrogen Production Over Metal Catalysts, Sushil Adhikari May 2008

Steam Reforming Of Oxygenated Hydrocarbons For Hydrogen Production Over Metal Catalysts, Sushil Adhikari

Theses and Dissertations

With the increase in production of biodiesel, a glut of glycerol has resulted in the world market. Glycerol, once a valuable chemical, has become a recalcitrant byproduct. It is also a potential renewable feedstock for hydrogen production. This study is focused on hydrogen production from glycerol steam reforming. During the initial stage, effect of process variables, such as system pressure (1-5 atm), temperature (327 – 727 oC), and water/glycerol molar ratio of (1:1-9:1) on hydrogen yield was investigated using a thermodynamic analysis. The equilibrium concentrations of different compounds were calculated by the method of Gibbs free energy minimization. The study …


Effect Of Phosphorous Poisoning On Catalytic Cracking Of Lipids For Green Diesel Production, Stephen Thomas Dufreche May 2008

Effect Of Phosphorous Poisoning On Catalytic Cracking Of Lipids For Green Diesel Production, Stephen Thomas Dufreche

Theses and Dissertations

Biodiesel is one of the most widely used biofuels in the world, due in part to its simplicity of production, compatibility with existing engines, and reduction of green house gas emissions. However, technical difficulties with biodiesel include: (1) the need of highly refined oil for ASTM compliance, (2) incompatibility with the petroleum-diesel pipeline distribution system, and (3) a relatively small inventory of expensive feedstocks. Issues (1) and (2) could be overcome by the production of biofuels using chemical processes associated with petroleum refining. Catalytic lipid cracking could result in green diesel, a fuel chemically similar to conventional diesel but derived …


Effects Of Chlorothalonil (Ctn) And Butylated Hydroxy-Toluene (Bht) On Microbial Communities Involved In The Deterioration Of Wood Using Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-Rflp) Analyses, Grant Terral Kirker May 2008

Effects Of Chlorothalonil (Ctn) And Butylated Hydroxy-Toluene (Bht) On Microbial Communities Involved In The Deterioration Of Wood Using Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-Rflp) Analyses, Grant Terral Kirker

Theses and Dissertations

The effects of an organic biocide (CTN) with and without coded antioxidant (BHT) on microbial communities in SYP were assessed using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analyses in both field and accelerated decay laboratory studies. Ammoniacal copper quaternary (ACQ-C) was used as a positive control in the field study component, but not in the laboratory test. Field stakes were treated with 0.25 and 0.37% ammoniacal copper quat (ACQ-C), CTN (0.1 and 0.25%), CTN (0.1 and 0.25%) with 2% BHT added, 2% BHT alone, and controls were left untreated. In the field studies, preservative treatment slowed the initial colonization of …


Effects Of Individual And Combinatorial Electrolyte Solutions Comprised Of Various Carbohydrates, Salts, And Stimulants Injected Into Broiler Hatching Eggs On Subsequent Late Term Embryogenesis And Post Hatch Performance Through Tendays Of Age, Brenna Mariechen Mcgruder May 2008

Effects Of Individual And Combinatorial Electrolyte Solutions Comprised Of Various Carbohydrates, Salts, And Stimulants Injected Into Broiler Hatching Eggs On Subsequent Late Term Embryogenesis And Post Hatch Performance Through Tendays Of Age, Brenna Mariechen Mcgruder

Theses and Dissertations

In this study, the effects of individual and combinatorial electrolyte solution comprised of carbohydrate, salt, and a stimulant injected into broiler hatching eggs on subsequent late term embryogenesis and post hatch performance up to D 10 were evaluated in separate trials. The effects of solution concentration and volume on embryo body weight and yolk reserves were likewise considered, and limited posthatch growth, body weight, and yolk sac effects of a compound electrolyte solution were evaluated. The individual and combinatorial effects of injected solutions were examined in an effort to yield the maximum physiological growth effects on embryogenesis from the metabolic …


Effects Of Imazapyr And Prescribed Fire On Vegetation And Bird Communities In Mid-Rotation Crp Pine Plantations Of Mississippi, Lindsey Rae Carpenter Singleton May 2008

Effects Of Imazapyr And Prescribed Fire On Vegetation And Bird Communities In Mid-Rotation Crp Pine Plantations Of Mississippi, Lindsey Rae Carpenter Singleton

Theses and Dissertations

Appropriate management of mid-rotation pine plantations can improve habitat for early successional and pine-grassland adapted avian species. I tested effects of Imazapyr selective herbicide and prescribed fire on plant and avian communities in thinned, mid-rotation pine stands contracted under the Conservation Reserve Program. Within 12 replicate sites, 2 8.1-ha plots were assigned either herbicide and prescribed fire treatment or control. I described components of vegetation structure and composition in 2006. I tested effects of herbicide and prescribed fire treatment on avian relative abundance, species richness, total avian conservation value, and density of select species during 2003 - 2006. Hardwood midstory …


Elemental Analysis Of Marksville-Style Prehistoric Ceramics From Mississippi And Alabama, Keith A. Baca May 2008

Elemental Analysis Of Marksville-Style Prehistoric Ceramics From Mississippi And Alabama, Keith A. Baca

Theses and Dissertations

Distinctive Marksville-style pottery is characteristic of the Middle Woodland period (200 B.C. – A.D. 500) in the Lower Mississippi River Valley and adjacent regions. Marksville material is common in the Lower Mississippi Valley, and the scarcity of similar pottery in northeastern Mississippi and western Alabama has caused claims that Marksville pots were imported into those areas; however, they may have been locally made. To test these alternative possibilities, the elemental composition of some Marksville-style potsherds, other pottery, and clays from various archaeological sites spanning the above regions was characterized using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The results show that the …


Electrophoretic And Static Light Scattering Measurements For Equine Serum Albumin, Sapna Bharat Patel May 2008

Electrophoretic And Static Light Scattering Measurements For Equine Serum Albumin, Sapna Bharat Patel

Theses and Dissertations

There have been numerous studies on measuring protein-protein interactions in solution using a variety of techniques including membrane osmometry, sedimentation, and static light scattering. Most of these techniques yield an osmotic second virial coefficient. The osmotic second virial coefficient has been shown to be an important parameter for protein crystallization. To date, there have been few fundamental theoretical studies of estimating second virial coefficient values using conventional models because of the diverse and complex nature of the potential of mean force. In the present study, the variation of equine serum albumin interactions was measured with respect to pH and sodium …