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Segmentation Of Non-Stationary Gene Expression Profiles Using Statistical Sequential Analysis, Jasmine Pahari
Segmentation Of Non-Stationary Gene Expression Profiles Using Statistical Sequential Analysis, Jasmine Pahari
Theses and Dissertations
Due to the dynamic nature of biological systems, gene expression data underlying temporal processes, such as the cell development or a disease progression, can exhibit significant regime changes to facilitate regulatory functions. Deciphering these dynamical changes is crucial to understanding the biological function and developing time-varying models of cellular evolution. In this thesis, we propose to detect the different dynamical regimes of gene expression profiles using statistical sequential analysis. The proposed algorithm segments the gene time-series into distinct homogeneous regimes of expression, during which the underlying dynamics of the gene can be assumed to be stationary. Finding the switch point …
The Influence Of Layout And Design On Purchasing Behavior: Examining Print Advertisements For Sneakers, Nancy Reighn-Garron
The Influence Of Layout And Design On Purchasing Behavior: Examining Print Advertisements For Sneakers, Nancy Reighn-Garron
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this exploratory investigation is to ascertain the influence layout and design of print advertisements has on consumers and how this influence affects purchasing behavior. This research further examines the difference in design preferences between men and women. Information acquired assists in the understanding of relationships between advertisers, marketing representatives and public relations practitioners and a targeted audience. The research findings support that men and women process advertising differently, that consumers are influenced by visual cues and provides information that is beneficial to better serve and persuade audiences to achieve successful product promotion.
Targeting Breast Cancer Detection With Communications Technology, Hacer Varol
Targeting Breast Cancer Detection With Communications Technology, Hacer Varol
Theses and Dissertations
Breast cancer continues to be a significant public health problem in the United States: It is the second leading cause of female mortality, and, disturbingly, one out of eight women in the United States will be diagnosed with breast cancer in her life time. Until the cause of this disease is fully understood, early detection remains the only hope to improve prognosis and treatment. In this thesis, the tumor detection problem in breast images is formulated as a hypothesis testing problem, where the signal of interest is the tumor and the noise refers to the healthy tissue in the breast. …
Hyperspectral-Based Adaptive Matched Filter Detector Error As A Function Of Atmospheric Profile Estimation, Allan W. Yarbrough
Hyperspectral-Based Adaptive Matched Filter Detector Error As A Function Of Atmospheric Profile Estimation, Allan W. Yarbrough
Theses and Dissertations
Hyperspectral imagery is collected as radiance data. This data is a function of multiple variables: the radiation profile of the light source, the reflectance of the target, and the absorption and scattering profile of the medium through which the radiation travels as it reflects off the target and reaches the imager. Accurate target detection requires that the collected image matches as closely as possible the known "true" target in the classification database. Therefore, the effect of the radiation source and the atmosphere must be removed before detection is attempted. While the spectrum of solar light is relatively stable, the effect …
High Performance Liquid Chromatography - Mass Spectrometric Analysis Of Bile Acids And Coumarin Derived Sulfonamides, Udaya Bhasker Nasini
High Performance Liquid Chromatography - Mass Spectrometric Analysis Of Bile Acids And Coumarin Derived Sulfonamides, Udaya Bhasker Nasini
Theses and Dissertations
Bile acids are water- soluble steroids and biological emulsions useful in the digestion process of food. The conjugated bile acids play a major role in fat metabolism. Deconjugation of conjugated bile acids by bacterial enzymes produces free bile acids in the colon. The conversion of these primary bile acids takes place in the gut by bacterial flora. It is postulated that a difference in the molecular forms of various bile acids and their concentration profiles exists among various animals, depending upon their food habits and type of bacterial flora. Consequently, it may be possible to distinguish various types of carnivorous …
Examining Juvenile Transfer Practices In Arkansas For The Years 2000-2005., Joseph Mcsherry
Examining Juvenile Transfer Practices In Arkansas For The Years 2000-2005., Joseph Mcsherry
Theses and Dissertations
There has been a trend over recent decades to hold juvenile offenders more accountable for their actions and punish them more severely, which has resulted in more diverse avenues to transfer these offenders to adult court. This research examines emerging literature related to transfer and sentencing of juvenile offenders in criminal court. Further, this research will explore the characteristics of juvenile offenders transferred in Arkansas between 2000 and 2005. Results of the analysis will be discussed along with implications and limitations of the study.
An Examination Of Laboratory Activities For Elements Of Inquiry In Arkansas Secondary Biology Courses, Michele E. Snyder
An Examination Of Laboratory Activities For Elements Of Inquiry In Arkansas Secondary Biology Courses, Michele E. Snyder
Theses and Dissertations
In the last 20 years, several panels recommended improving science teaching by incorporating inquiry approaches into K-12 classrooms. These panels assert that inquiry improves student learning in large part by giving students ownership. However, many teachers still present labs that simply call for students to follow written directions. This cookbook approach is the antithesis of inquiry. To take a "snap shot" of biology teaching, I surveyed Arkansas biology teachers to 1) determine teachers' qualifications, 2) assess the labs that they considered their "best" via a rubric that assesses inquiry activities, and 3) discover the reasons teachers valued certain labs. The …
Synthesis And Characterization Of Tanninsulfonic Acid Doped Polyaniline (Tanipani) - Metal Oxide Nanocomposites For Solar Cell Applications, Venu Gopal Bairi
Synthesis And Characterization Of Tanninsulfonic Acid Doped Polyaniline (Tanipani) - Metal Oxide Nanocomposites For Solar Cell Applications, Venu Gopal Bairi
Theses and Dissertations
Nanocomposites of polyaniline have gained much importance due to their improved electronic properties. The presence of metal oxides in the nanocomposites may enhance the photovoltaic effect and increase the efficiency of solar cells. We have synthesized tanninsulfonic acid doped polyaniline (TANI-PANI) composites in view of preparing metal oxide complexed composites due to the presence of o-catechol in tannin. Tanninsulfonic acid doped polyaniline (TANIPANI)-TiO2 or Al2O3 nanocomposites were synthesized by varying the amount of TiO2 from 10% to 70% (with respect to the mass of aniline) and by carrying out the synthesis at -10° C. Covalent bonding of the metal oxide …
The Effects Of Classical Background Music On The Behavior Of Children In The Elementary School Classroom: An Interdisciplinary Approach, Justin Thomas Anders
The Effects Of Classical Background Music On The Behavior Of Children In The Elementary School Classroom: An Interdisciplinary Approach, Justin Thomas Anders
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to research the effects of classical music on the behavior of elementary school children. Based upon data collected from an exhaustive literature review, the researcher asserted that classical music was capable of modifying the mood, emotions and performance of elementary students. Classical music was presented to students in a classroom setting as background music and their resulting behavior patterns were noted and measured. As the data from these studies were analyzed, the researcher asserted that classical music was capable of modifying behavior. This study concluded that both student and class behavior improved as a …
A Proposal For Creating A Sports Themed First-Year Writing Course For Student-Athletes, Christopher Osborn Bell
A Proposal For Creating A Sports Themed First-Year Writing Course For Student-Athletes, Christopher Osborn Bell
Theses and Dissertations
A sports themed writing course could be a good start to helping student-athletes with their college writing. Studies have indicated that the majority of student-athletes are academic underachievers and are considered to be at a high risk of dropping out when they reach the college level. Many institutions are struggling to find ways to help their student-athletes succeed because colleges depend upon athletic programs to generate revenue and prestige which can also lead to higher enrollments. There is a general agreement that student-athletes aren't getting the same value out of their education as non-student-athletes, but there seems to be a …
Effects Of Re-Emission On The Evolution Of Surface Morphology During Thermal Evaporation Deposition, Mehmet Erdem
Effects Of Re-Emission On The Evolution Of Surface Morphology During Thermal Evaporation Deposition, Mehmet Erdem
Theses and Dissertations
In re-emission process during thin film growth, atoms that do not stick to the surface based on a sticking probability are re-emitted and can stick to other surface points. This process allows atoms to reach valleys of the surface, which are normally shadowed by higher surface points, leading to a smoothening effect. Although re-emission has been applied to sputter deposition and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth modeling, which successfully predicts the dynamic morphological evolution, so far, no re-emission based modeling method has been developed for thermal evaporation growth. Thermal evaporation is a commonly used thin film deposition technique especially for …
Leadership Approaches Of Selected Chief Academic Officers In Rural Community Colleges, Kent Hanson
Leadership Approaches Of Selected Chief Academic Officers In Rural Community Colleges, Kent Hanson
Theses and Dissertations
Rural community colleges face many challenges, especially during times of diminished state funding and calls for greater accountability. The Chief Academic Officer (CAO) leads the academic enterprise of the institution and is responsible for setting the overall direction for program and course delivery. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the leadership approaches of rural community college chief academic officers. The following research questions were addressed: How do rural community college chief academic officers perceive their leadership approaches? To what extent does Situational Leadership Theory II (SLT II) apply to rural community college chief academic officers as they …
Basic Writers Writing In Their Zone Of Proximal Development Through Intertextual Links, Cynda Alexander
Basic Writers Writing In Their Zone Of Proximal Development Through Intertextual Links, Cynda Alexander
Theses and Dissertations
Students in Basic Writing classes are separated from their peers who are mainstreamed into regular composition classes, stigmatizing them as having substandard skills. Preconditioned to question their ability to write, they arrive in class with zero confidence and varying degrees of ability to construct meaning. Students rely on their prior knowledge to fill in the gaps between texts. Their ability to accommodate and assimilate new information to their prior knowledge is dependent on their ability to link with it. Since semiotician Julia Kristeva first used the term intertextuality in 1967, there has been a great deal of interest in intertextuality, …
Simulation Of Mobile Treatment Monitoring System, Emre Ermisoglu
Simulation Of Mobile Treatment Monitoring System, Emre Ermisoglu
Theses and Dissertations
Noncompliance is the main reason for treatment failure. Approximately 50 to 75% of patients misuse their medication due to forgetfulness and busy schedule. Instead of heavily depending on patient's memory for following medication deadlines, we propose a new automated medication helper called "Mobile Treatment Monitoring System" to help patients take their medication on time. Among other technologies that help patients to follow up their medication such as Pill Organizers, Medication Reminders, and Pill Dispensers, using remote treatment monitoring system appears to be a promising technology because system creates a direct link between doctor and patient so doctor will be notified …
An Objective Assessment Of Fetal Neurological Maturation Based On The Co-Variation Of Brain And Heart Rate Patterns, Srinivasan Vairavan
An Objective Assessment Of Fetal Neurological Maturation Based On The Co-Variation Of Brain And Heart Rate Patterns, Srinivasan Vairavan
Theses and Dissertations
An in-utero neurological assessment would aid clinicians in an early detection of fetal neurological distress. However, accessing the fetal brain signal has remained a major challenge. With the advent of Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) technology, magnetoencephalogram (MEG), is now an established technique for recording human brain activity. This technique is non-invasive and records the magnetic fields corresponding to electric currents generated by the neurons in the brain. Based on MEG technology, a first-of-a-kind device, named SARA (SQUID Array for Reproductive Assessment), was specifically designed and installed in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, …
Energy-Efficient And Secure Framework For Wireless Sensor Networks, Murat Al
Energy-Efficient And Secure Framework For Wireless Sensor Networks, Murat Al
Theses and Dissertations
Protocol designers for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have to consider many constraints including limited power and computing capacity of the sensing devices that make WSNs more vulnerable to attacks than wired or more resourceful wireless networks. The availability of a message for the adversary is the starting point for attacks on data confidentiality. This work proposes an end-to-end Message Dispersion Mechanism (MDM) to improve data confidentiality by significantly reducing message interception opportunities by potential adversaries in the first place. With MDM, a resource constrained sensor device first divides a message into several segments, encrypts them, and distributes them to a …
Modeling And Simulation Of Hpc System Through Job Scheduling Analysis, William Bradley Hurst
Modeling And Simulation Of Hpc System Through Job Scheduling Analysis, William Bradley Hurst
Theses and Dissertations
The sophistication of the devices through which a man shapes his world are the tool-marks of his development upon history. One device currently shaping the lives of man is the High Performance Computer (HPC) system. HPC systems have been described as ``a game changing technology (King and BusinessWeek, 2010).'' The reason for HPC systems to be declared ``a game changing technology (King and BusinessWeek, 2010)'' comes from the fact that it is cheaper for a manufacturer to conduct thousands of tests in virtual space, than it is to try multiple experimental designs in the physical world. Through capabilities of HPC …
Connecting Brain Research With Teaching Practice Among Middle School Teachers, Irene Sanders
Connecting Brain Research With Teaching Practice Among Middle School Teachers, Irene Sanders
Theses and Dissertations
The discipline of mind, brain, and education science is the merger of psychology, neuroscience, and education. Its focus is to address complex problems in education and provide evidence-based solutions. One facet of this mixed methods action research study expanded middle school teachers' knowledge of brain function and brain-based strategies through a five-part workshop series and created a ten session professional learning community. Participants selected strategies such as relaxation, working memory tasks, or taught students about their brains to increase academic achievement, and tracked two groups' progress. Strategy implementation was judged to be too time consuming except for relaxation exercises. Alternate …
The Professional Staff And Librarian Learning Community At Rowan University, Katherine Boland
The Professional Staff And Librarian Learning Community At Rowan University, Katherine Boland
Theses and Dissertations
As powerful forces of change continue to exert pressure on institutions of higher education, scholars are calling for strategies to sustain our most valuable asset, the academic community. One promising response is Milton Cox's work. He created the Miami University model for faculty and professional learning communities, a nationally-recognized strategy for supporting faculty development, addressing institutional needs, and promoting meaningful change. This mixed methods action research project introduced a new version of Cox's technology, a project-based learning community. This project-based version was the basis of my work with the Professional Staff and Librarian Learning Community (PSLLC). The PSLLC engaged in …
Synthesis Of Cyclen Based Receptors And Their Use In Separations Biotechnology., Vivek Kaushik
Synthesis Of Cyclen Based Receptors And Their Use In Separations Biotechnology., Vivek Kaushik
Theses and Dissertations
A number of purification techniques such as adsorption, centrifugation, chromatography, extraction, distillation, filtration, precipitation etc. to name a few, are commonly used for the purification. However, due to a constant need of purification of even more complex crude mixtures, be it reaction mixtures, various proteins and DNA from cell extracts or medicinal compounds and fragrances from plant extracts, scientists needed to consistently develop new and improved techniques of purification. One such great advancement in the field of chromatography was the development of affinity chromatography. It revolutionized the field of bioseparations technology, and the dream of single stage purification of complex …
Effect Of Combined Oral Contraceptives On Insulin Clearance In Lean And Obese Pre-Menopausal Women, Vidya Moorthy
Effect Of Combined Oral Contraceptives On Insulin Clearance In Lean And Obese Pre-Menopausal Women, Vidya Moorthy
Theses and Dissertations
Introduction: Obese women are predisposed to greater risks of insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia. Likewise, African-Americans, appear to be inherently insulin resistant and hyperinsulinemic even after controlling for obesity. Hyperinsulinemia has been attributed to insulin resistance and a compensatory insulin hyper-secretion by the pancreas, as well as decreased insulin clearance, notably in obesity. Pharmacological agents that may worsen insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia in obese women is of clinical relevance. Previous data from our group suggested that combined oral contraceptives (COCs) may worsen insulin sensitivity particularly in obese women, but limited information on insulin clearance is available in obese women or African-American women. …
Enumerating Alternate Optimal Flux Distributions For Metabolic Reconstructions, Umaporn Siangphoe
Enumerating Alternate Optimal Flux Distributions For Metabolic Reconstructions, Umaporn Siangphoe
Theses and Dissertations
Metabolites consumed and produced by microorganisms for mass and energy conservation may cause changes in a microorganism’s environment. The microorganisms are unable to tolerate a particular environment for a long period. They may leave their old existence to find a new environment to sustain life. Essentially, organisms need to maintain their metabolic processes to survive in the new environment. Limitations of experimental studies to explore cell functions and regulations in detail result in insufficient information to explain processes of metabolic expressions under environments of organisms. Consequently, mathematical modeling and computer simulations have been conducted to combine all possible cellular metabolic …
Water Molecules: A Closer Look At Their Behavior At Protein-Protein Interfaces And Their Contributions To The Docked Model Of Pyridoxal Kinase - Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase Complex, Mostafa H. Ahmed
Theses and Dissertations
The work in this thesis is divided into two aims. The first aim is to provide a detailed analysis of water molecules at protein-protein interfaces as well as quantifying their contributions with respect to different residue types. To achieve this aim a data set of 4741 water molecules abstracted from 179 high-resolution (≤ 2.30 Å) X-ray crystal structures of protein-protein complexes was analyzed with a suite of modeling tools based on HINT. The second aim is to observe the effect of adding interfacial water molecules in developing a model for the protein-protein interaction between pyridoxal kinase and serine hydroxymethyltransferase. This …
Determining The Mechanism Of Double-Stranded Rna-Induced Cell Death In Ovarian Cancer., Danielle Van
Determining The Mechanism Of Double-Stranded Rna-Induced Cell Death In Ovarian Cancer., Danielle Van
Theses and Dissertations
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal of all gynecological cancers. Current ovarian cancer drug regimens, including taxanes and platinum-based agents, are susceptible to chemoresistance necessitating the development of novel chemotherapeutics. Within tumors pathogen-derived ligands, such as dsRNA, can activate pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that are capable of inducing apoptosis. In this dissertation we have found that in ovarian cancer cell lines (DOV-13, SKOV-3, CAOV-3, and OVCAR-3), dsRNA treatment alters cell survival. When treated with dsRNA, ovarian cancer cell lines and patient samples could be divided into two categories, responsive which undergo significant levels of apoptosis (CAOV-3 and OVCAR-3) or non-responsive …
The Abundance And Infection Status Of Anopheles Spp. Mosquitoes At Three Sites In Loudoun County, Northern Virginia, Priya Krishnan
The Abundance And Infection Status Of Anopheles Spp. Mosquitoes At Three Sites In Loudoun County, Northern Virginia, Priya Krishnan
Theses and Dissertations
Malaria is a re-emerging infectious disease with approximately half of the world's population at risk. In the US, since the 1950’s the Center for Disease Control (CDC) has been reporting between 1,000 and 1,500 cases of malaria every year. A majority of these cases were among US travellers and were attributed to Plasmodium falciparum. In August 2002, two cases of human malaria due to Plasmodium vivax were reported in Loudoun County, Northern Virginia. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention concluded that these cases were acquired locally. This was because of an absence of other risk factors such as international …
Legacy Sediments In Streams - Effects On Nutrient Partitioning During Simulated Re-Suspension Events., Molly Sobotka
Legacy Sediments In Streams - Effects On Nutrient Partitioning During Simulated Re-Suspension Events., Molly Sobotka
Theses and Dissertations
Anthropogenic inputs of nutrients and sediment are a widespread problem in U.S. streams causing localized impairment and contributing to eutrophication of coastal habitats. Sediments and dissolved nutrients interact through diverse processes including ion exchange, sorption and biotic assimilation by particle-bound bacteria. This study examined the effects of sediment re-suspension on nutrient partitioning in lab microcosms using fine benthic matter collected from two Virginia Coastal Plain streams. Kimages Creek was recently restored following dam removal and was characterized by large deposits of legacy sediments. Courthouse Creek was characterized by sandy substrates typical of Coastal Plain streams. Sediment characteristics differed between the …
Simulation, Measurement And Image Analysis Of Corrosion Initiation And Growth Rate For Aluminum 2024 And Steel 304, Yan Fang
Theses and Dissertations
Abstract SIMULATION, MEASUREMENT AND IMAGE ANALYSIS OF CORROSION INITIATION AND GROWTH RATE OF ALUMIUM 2024 AND STEEL 304 By Yan Fang, MS A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of M.S. of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering at Virginia Commonwealth University. Virginia Commonwealth University, 2011 Major Director: Dr. Brian Hinderliter, Ph. D Associate professor, Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering Time: 11 a.m. Place: Room E3210 Engineering East Hall Date: Friday August 12, 2011 Corrosion initiation and growth rate are important properties in maintaining structural integrity, especially for surface and pit corrosion of common infrastructure and transportation metals. …
Let's Get Physical: The Role Of Physical Activity In The Training Of Graduate Mental Health Students, Cassandra Pasquariello
Let's Get Physical: The Role Of Physical Activity In The Training Of Graduate Mental Health Students, Cassandra Pasquariello
Theses and Dissertations
There is growing awareness of the role of physical activity (PA) in the prevention and treatment of health disorders. Mental health practitioners are well positioned to provide PA counseling and may have ethical obligations to address PA. Researchers have cited insufficient training as a barrier to PA counseling, yet little is known about training in mental health. This exploratory study examines the need for training students in PA counseling. A national sample of 361 current graduate students in psychology, social work, rehabilitation counseling, and psychiatric nursing completed a Web-based survey on their training, knowledge, attitude towards PA, personal PA, and …
Pre- And Post-Migration Attitudes Among Ghanaian International Students Living In The United States: A Study Of Acculturation And Psychological Well-Being, Nicole Fischer
Theses and Dissertations
This qualitative study investigated attitudes among international students prior to their departure and following their arrival in the United States through a phenomenological research approach. Eight participants completed individual interviews in Accra, Ghana, and four participants completed follow-up email correspondence. The purpose of the study was to explain pre-migration expectations, post-migration experiences, and compare similarities and differences between perceptions and actual encounters. The researcher investigated five principle components of pre-migration: satisfaction with life prior to departure from the country of origin, impressions and expectations of the host country and predominate influences, awareness of discrimination in the host country, and culture-specific …
Aryl Acetate Phase Transfer Catalysis: Method And Computation Studies, Meisha A. Binkley
Aryl Acetate Phase Transfer Catalysis: Method And Computation Studies, Meisha A. Binkley
Theses and Dissertations
Brief explanation and history of cinchona based Phase Transfer Catalysis (PTC). Studied aryl acetates in PTC, encompassing napthoyl, 6-methoxy napthoyl, phenyl and protected 4-hydroxy phenyl acetates. Investigated means of controlling the selectivity of the PTC reaction by changing the electrophile size, the ether side group size or by addition of inorganic salts. Found that either small or aromatic electophiles increased enantioselectivity more than aliphatic electrophiles, and that increasing the size of ether protecting group also increased selectivity. Positive effects of salt addition included either decreasing reaction time or increasing enantiomeric excess. Applied findings towards the synthesis of S-equol. Computational experiments …