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Characteristics Of Polled Bali Cattle And Potential For Development In South Sulawesi, Zulkharnaim Zulkharnaim, Syahdar Baba, Hatta Muhammad, Hasman Hasman

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Some cattle breeds that have evolved hornless versions include indigenous cattle. This research aimed to identify phenotypic and morphometric traits in Polled Bali cattle (PBC) as the indigenous cattle, this research is important for breed characterization. This study involved 165 heads of PBC, which included 60 males and 105 females. The lack of horns in PBC causes the interaction of the poll gene (P) and the scur gene (Sc). The PBC coat color is mainly reddish-brown (>40%), with black color on the hoof (>90%), switch of the tail (>68%), eyelid (>100%), and …

Bioaugmentation Of Microorganisms On The Decomposition Of A Mixture Of Dairy Cattle Manure And Chicken Excreta As Solid Organic Fertilizer, Kirana Riyanto, Roni Ridwan, Ellin Harlia

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Solid organic fertilizer efficiently utilizes livestock waste, with laying hen excreta providing the highest nitrogen (N) content among livestock manure. Combining laying hen excreta with dairy cow manure and fiber sources as a fertilizer base is expected to meet KEPMENTAN No. 261 of 2019 standards. To maintain essential nutrients (N, P, K), the fertilizer is enriched with Pseudomonas sp., Herbasirillum sp., and Streptomyces sp. This study aims to analyzing the effect of chicken excreta on macronutrient content (N, P, K), carbon (C) levels, C/N ratio, coliform presence, and microbial viability. The experiment followed a completely randomized design (CRD) with …

A Meta-Analysis On The Effect Of Oil Palm Fronds As Small Ruminant Feed, Fenda Fhonna, Samadi Samadi, Anuraga Jayanegara, Sitti Wajizah

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Oil Palm fronds (OPF) as the main waste of oil palm plantations have considerable promise as a small ruminant feed. Unfortunately, due to the diversity of previous findings, a clear response pattern has still to be determined. For this reason, in the present study, meta-analysis was employed to synthesize existing findings regarding the effect of OPF as a small ruminant feed. The database was constructed using data from ten published articles that fit the inclusion criteria. The applied statistical model was a mixed model. Findings revealed no significant effect (P>0.05) of OPF inclusion on nutrient intake, nutrient digestibility, animal …

Effect Of Azolla And Beef Bone Meal Addition On The Nutrient Content Of Lof Based On Beef Cattle Manure And Laying Hens Excreta, Rania Safitry, Roni Ridwan, Ellin Harlia

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

In Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF), the problem that is often found is that the nutrients contained do not reach quality standards. Azolla and beef bone meal are known to contain macronutrients needed by plants, in addition to maximizing the existing content, functional bacteria are also added. This study aims to analyze the effect of the addition of azolla and beef bone meal on macro nutrient content, C-organic, coliform, and viability. The research method uses a completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 3 replicates, namely (P1) 25% Azolla + 15% beef bone meal, (P2) 25% Azolla + 20% beef …

Commercial Carcass Fat And Non-Carcass Fat Deposits In The Administration Of Minerals (Zn) And Amino Acids (Methionine, Lysine, And L-Carnitine) To Lamb Meat, Inge Korima, Mansyur Mansyur, Nyimas Indiriani, Rahmad Ramadhan

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

The increasing demand for meat must be accompanied by an increase in the production of fattening sheep. One of the local sheep whose meat is used is the Priangan sheep. The demand for meat is not only the quantity but also the quality of the meat, which influences consumer interest. Low-fat is the consumer's choice when choosing meat. This research aims to test the effect of providing minerals (Zink) and amino acids (Methionine, Lysine, and L-Carnitine) on commercial carcass fat and non-carcass fat. The livestock used were 20 7-month-old Priangan sheep with an average weight of 14.66 kg. Maintenance was …

Nutrient Content, Fiber Fractions, And Rumen Fermentation In Vitro Of Mulato Grass Grown With Different Cutting Age In Lowland West Java, Indonesia, Novi Mayasari, Ph.D, Lia Salman, Iin Susilawati, Apong Sandrawati

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

One of the major challenges in ruminant production in Indonesia is ensuring the availability of high-quality and adequate forage. Identifying forage varieties with good nutritive value that adapt well to local climate conditions is crucial. This study evaluated the nutrient composition, fiber fractions, and in vitro rumen fermentation of Mulato grass harvested at different cutting ages (30, 40, and 50 days) in the lowlands of West Java, Indonesia. The nutrient content, analyzed using proximate and fiber fraction analysis, showed no significant differences across cutting ages except for ash content, which was lower at 40 days. Mulato grass cut at 30 …

Effect Of Microbiome Inoculation In Corn Crop (Zea Mays) For Baby Corn And Forage Production On Growth And Biomass Ratio, Arif Saputra, Nyimas Popi Indriani, Mansyur Mansyur

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

This study aims to determine the effect of microbiome inoculation on the growth and biomass ratio of corn crop-producing baby corn and forage. This research was conducted in the Ciparanje research field and Animal Food Plant Laboratory Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Padjadjaran University. The method used was an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of six treatments and four replicates in each treatment. The treatments consisted of P1= BP4, P2= Probiotic LAB, P3= Mycofer (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi), P4= BP4 + Mycofer, P5= LAB + Mycofer, P6= BP4 + LAB + Mycofer. There are five parameters observed, consisting …

The Relationship Between Beta-Lactoglobulin Polymorphism To Clinical Mastitis And Reproductive Disorders In Friesian Cows At Pangalengan Area, Saskia Romina, Septiyani Septiyani, Nurcholidah Solihati

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Beta-lactoglobulin genetics is one of the whey proteins in cow's milk that can influence improvements in milk composition, production, and component levels. Reproductive disorders and clinical mastitis in livestock are often related to genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors. Research on the relationship between beta-lactoglobulin and cow reproduction is still very limited. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the relationship between beta-lactoglobulin genotype and clinical mastitis as well as reproductive disorders (dystocia, retained placenta, and endometritis). This research utilizes secondary data obtained from the KPBS Pangalengan headquarters, consisting of genotype examination results of betalactoglobulin and medical records of …

Chemical Characteristics And Fiber Fraction Of Ruminant Complete Feed Based On Seaweed (Padina Australis) With Different Levels Of Use, Irmayanti Irmayanti, Jisril Palayukan, Suriansyah Suriansyah

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of the level of seaweed (Padina australis) as a ruminant feed on the nutritional quality and fiber fraction of complete diets. The variables observed were dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, extract material without nitrogen, ash content, acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber. This study was based on a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 4 replications, namely P0 = complete feed (control), P10 = complete feed with 10% Padina australis level, P20 = complete feed with 20% Padina australis level, and P30 …

Study Of Nitrogen Nutrient Absorption And Forage Production In Kalopo Plants (Calopogonium Mucunoides), Kustiawan Triputra, Mansyur Mansyur, Iin Susilawati, Irfan Aditya

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Abstract

This research aims to evaluate differences in soil nitrogen content, nitrogen absorption by plants, and forage production of Calopogonium mucunoides plants grown on andosol and ultisol soils during a 90-day planting period. The research method used was experimental, with treatment factors in the soil type (andosol and ultisol). The parameters observed included the soil’s moisture, temperature, pH, nitrogen content, and the plant’s nitrogen content and forage production. The results showed that Andosol's average soil moisture value (53.61%) was higher than Ultisol (43.68%). The soil temperature of Ultisol (24.34°C) tends to be higher than Andosol (23.36°C). Andosol soil pH (5.04) …

Performance Evaluation Of Sentul Gray Chicken And Their Association With Tlr1a Gene Polymorphism, Bella Suciati

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

The study examined the association between TLR1A gene polymorphism in exon 4 and the performance of Gray Sentul chickens. Conducted at the Jatiwangi Poultry Breeding Development Center. DNA from 30 males and 30 females was analyzed using PCR and sequencing to identify Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPs). Data processing employed BioEdit and MEGA 11. Results revealed five mutations in males (g.775T>C, g.844 T>A, g.858C>T, g.983C>T, and g.1163G>A) and three in females (g.721G>A, g.983C>T and g.1163G>A). Males showed higher body weights, with optimal growth at 1–2 months. Peak egg production occurred at 41 weeks …

Roselle Calyx Powder Can Increase Total Gas Production, Without Affecting Ph, Methane, And Dry Matter And Organic Matter Degradability, Khaerul Azhar, Diky Ramdani, Iman Hernaman

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Roselle calyx powder (RCP) can act as natural dietary additives in a concentrate. A completely randomized design was employed in this study to determine the impact of 6 different doses of RCP supplementation (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6%) in a rice straw-based diet using 6 replicates (n = 6) on in vitro dry matter degradability (IVDMD), in vitro organic matter degradability (IVOMD), pH, total gas production 8 hours (TGP8), total gas production 16 hours (TGP16), total gas production 24 hours (TGP24) and methane. RCP supplementation did not affect the degradability, pH, and methane. The lower dose of RCP-0.1 …

The Different C/N Ratio Of Quail Feces And Rice Straw Mixture Affects Temperature Change, Microbial Count, Organic-C Content, And Total N Content In Early Decomposition Results, Ani Priyati, Endang Sujana, Mieke Setiawati, Anas Anas

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Livestock waste is one of the factors that must be considered in livestock farming, as it can cause environmental pollution. Quail feces, a type of livestock waste, generally has a low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, necessitating the supplementation of carbon source from rice straw. Rice straw, which contains high fiber content, is often discarded or burned and has not been utilized by farmers, even though it is suitable for processing into solid or liquid organic fertilizer (POC). Because of the substantial changes in temperature and microbial composition that occur during the composting process, initial breakdown is critical. Using native microbes from quail …

Dose Of Banana Peel Liquid Organic Fertilizer On The Growth And Production Of Dengdek Poek (Corchorus Aestuans), Karsi Hariyanti, Lizah Khairani, Iin Susilawati

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Corchorus aestuans plants have potential as animal feed. Giving banana peel POC is an effort to increase the productivity of this plant. Knowing the effect of various doses of banana peel POC on the growth and productivity of Corchorus aestuans plants is the purpose of this study. The Completely Randomized Design method was used with five treatments namely P1 = 0 ml, P2 = 100 ml, P3 = 200 ml, P4 = 300 ml, P5 = 400 ml was tested on March 21 to May 30 at the Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Padjadjaran. Each treatment was repeated four times, …

Growth Curve Modeling Of Garut Sheep At Uptd-Bpptdk Margawati Garut, Hana Nurlela, Heni Indrijani, Denie Heriyadi

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Growth curves can be used to reflect changes in the body structure due to genetic and environmental responses. Here, six growth curve models are used: Gompertz, Logistic, Richard, Von Bertalanffy, Morgan-Mercer-Flodin (MMF), and Weibull models. This study aims to determine patterns and growth as seen from changes in ages and weights of male and female Garut sheep at UPTD-BPPTDK Margawati Garut. The case study method was used with 214 samples. Data from samples were processed to find similarities and curve shapes and the data was examined using Curve Expert software. The results showed that each parameter measured has a sigmoid …

The Effect Of Additioning Microencapsulated Noni Fruit Extract (Morinda Citrifolia Linn.) Product As A Feed Additive On Sentul Layer Phase Chickens Performance, Mutiara Krishadi, Tuti Widjastuti, Wiwin Tanwiriah

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

This study aimed to find out what happened to the performance of Sentul chickens when microencapsulated noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia Linn.) extract was added to their food during the production phase. The research employed a sample of 40 Sentul hens aged 24 weeks and spanned 12 weeks. The investigation used a completely randomized design (CRD) and an experimental method. The treatments comprised five distinct types: P0 (basal diet), P1 (basal diet supplemented with 50 mg/kg zinc bacitracin), P2 (basal diet supplemented with 75 mg/kg MEBM), P3 (basal diet supplemented with 150 mg/kg MEBM), and P4 (basal diet supplemented with 225 …

Adding Green And Black Teas In A Rice Straw-Based Sheep Diet Improves In Vitro Dry Matter Degradability Without Affecting Gas Production And Ph, Diky Ramdani, Abdul Chaudhry

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Rice straw (RS) is widely available in South East Asia and it can be used as a source of fibres for ruminant animals. However, RS has poor palatability and nutritional values. Thus, the use of concentrate (CON) as a dietary supplement is required to increase the utilisation of RS. Green (GT) and black (BT) teas can act as natural dietary additives in a CON. This study evaluated nutrient compositions of the diet ingredients and the impact of supplementing GT and BT in a rice straw-based sheep diet on in vitro dry matter degradability (IVDMD), total gas production (TGP) and pH …

The Relationship Between Body Weight And Egg Weight Of Padjadjaran Quails Of Layer And Broiler Types, Endang Sujana, Heni Indrijani, Achmad Nugraha Nugraha, Syarif Hidayatullah

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

The study investigating the relationship between body weight and egg weight in Padjadjaran quails, encompassing both layer and broiler types, was conducted at the Quail Breeding Center within the Faculty of Animal Husbandry at Universitas Padjadjaran. The research involved 100 female quails, consisting of 50 from each type, all of which were 15 weeks old, along with their eggs. The primary aim was to assess the strength and nature of the relationship between body weight and egg weight in these quails. A correlational method was employed for the analysis. The findings revealed a strong correlation between body weight and egg …

Heat Stress Response In Dairy Cattle, Olga Tessalonika, Nyimas Popi Indriani, Nyimas Popi Indriani, Mansyur Mansyur

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Indonesia is a tropical country with high ambient temperatures and humidity. In Indonesia’s hot and humid summer, dairy cows cannot dissipate enough body heat to prevent a rise in their body temperature. Increasing air temperature, temperature humidity index, and rectal temperature above a critical threshold are associated with decreased dry matter intake (DMI), milk production, and milk production efficiency. Modifications including shades and cooling fans can help dissipate body heat, lower body temperature, and increase BMI. Genetic selection for heat tolerance is possible, but continued selection for better performance without consideration for heat tolerance will result in greater susceptibility to …

Potential Of Patikala Fruit (Etlingera Elatior) In Improving The Physical Quality Of Spent Layer Meat, Irmawaty Majid, Jumriah Syam, Andi Mutmainnah, Muhidal Akbar

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Patikala (Etlingera elatior) is a local Indonesian plant that can be used to improve meat quality because it contains secondary metabolic compounds and acid compounds which can be used to improve the meat quality of spent layer meat. This study aims to determine the potential of patikala fruit (Etlingera elatior) as a local plant in improving the physical quality of spent layer meat. This research method used a completely randomized design,with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The research design was determined based on the amount of meat used, namely soaking spent layer meat without patikala ( …

Monitoring The Reproductive Status Of Sambar Deer (Cervus Unicolor Kerr) Based On Sexual Behavior In Livestock Area Of Palangka Raya City, Siti Ma'rifah, Asri Pudjirahaju, Heri Sujoko, Ferdian Rafli

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Abstract

The existence of Sambar Deer (Cervus unicolor Kerr) is increasingly threatened due to habitat destruction and illegal hunting. However, with proper habitat management, this decline can be prevented. One of the Sambar deer-protected areas in Central Kalimantan is the Livestock Area of Palangka Raya City. This research aims to monitor the reproductive status of sambar deer based on sexual behavior in the Livestock Area of Palangka Raya City, Central Kalimantan. This research used six samples of sambar deer consisting of two female deer with sample codes A1&A2, two female deer with sample codes B1&B2 and two male …

Utilization Of Kepel (Stelechocarpus Burahol) Leaf Extract As A Feed Additive In Broiler Chicken Feed, Adi Mustawa, Tuti Widjastuti, Denny Rusmana

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

This study aims to determine the best level of Kepel leaf extract (Stelechocarpus burahol) used in feeds based on the amount of Escherichia coli in excreta, ileal villi, protein digestibility, ration consumption, and body weight gain (BWG) of broiler chickens. The research was conducted experimentally using a completely randomized design (CRD), four levels of Kepel leaf extract in rations repeated five times. The Kepel leaf extract (EDK) levels used consisted of P ₀ = basal ration, P ₁ = P ₀ + 0.15% EDK, P ₂ = P ₀ + 0.30% EDK and P ₃ = P _{0 …}

Differences In Characteristics And Income Of Duck Farming In Sukra And Sindang Districts, Indramayu Regency, Linda Herlina, Cecep Firmansyah, Khansa Salsabilah

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Abstract

Duck is one of the commodities breeders rely on in Indramayu Regency as a source of income to support the farmer's family expenses. Two areas became the basis for providing duck products in Indramayu Regency: Sukra District and Sindang District. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in the average characteristics of the breeder's variables consisting of livestock experience, age, number of family members out of the farmer, distance to marketing centers, farmer expenses, duck farming costs, duck farming revenue, and farmer income (per head per year). The method used was a survey with 100 farmers …

The Effect Of Adding Gtg Solution In Drinking Water On Final Body Weight, Feed Efficiency, And Income Over Feed Cost Of Local Duck, Wiwin Tanwiriah, Dani Garnida, Endang Sujana, Andi Mushawir

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

This research aims to determine the effect of adding GTG solution in drinking water to the body weight gain, final body weight, ration efficiency and income over feed cost in local ducks. This study used 60 male Tasikmalaya local ducks which were divided into 4 treatment groups and then put into 5 pens as replications, so there were 20 pens. Ducks were reared from 1 day to 45 days old. The initial body weight of the ducklings after being weighed had a coefficient of variation of 5.10 %. GTG solution consists of water, ginger juice, turmeric juice, and garlic juice …

Effects Of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Supplementation On Performance Of 60-Week-Old Layers, Edgen Geñoso, Listya Purnamasari, Joseph Olarve, Joseph Dela Cruz

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

The effects of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 supplementation on egg production, percent hen house, percent hen day, mortality rate and egg size on 60-week-old laying hens were studied. There were 5 treatment groups of layer hens where Treatment 1 served as control supplemented with commercial feed without vitamin D3, Treatment 2 as positive control supplemented with commercial feed and vitamin D3 HyD, which was already used by the poultry farm, Treatment 3 supplemented with commercial feed and Active D at an inclusion rate of 75 ppm per ton of feeds, Treatment 4 supplemented with commercial feed and Active D at an …

The Quality Of Broiler Chicken Meat Fed With Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus Polyrhizus) Peel Flour, Iis Yuanita, Lisnawaty Silitonga, Satrio Wibowo, Rizky Fajar

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

The study aims to evaluate the effect of dragon fruit peel flour (DPF) on the meat quality of broiler chicken. A total of 96 DOCs of the Ross strain were randomly divided into 4 treatments and 6 replications. The treatments included T0=Basal diet (BD), T1=BD + 0.5% DPF, T2=BD + 1% DPF, and T3=BD + 1.5% DPF. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan Multiple Range Test. Observed variables were water content, dry matter, protein, and fat mass of the broiler chicken’s meat. The results showed that there was an increase (P<0.05) in the meat weight, protein mass, and fat mass of broiler chickens fed with DPF, while pH, water content, dry matter, and the value of microbial respiration were not affected by the treatment (P>0.05). It was concluded that adding dragon fruit …

Microbial Diversity In A Mixed Of Compost Dairy Cow Feces And Chicken Manure, Muhammad Refah, Chanigia Ramadhan, Irfan Fachmy, Yuli Astuti Hidayati

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Pengomposan dengan pencampuran feses sapi perah dan feses ayam yang difermentasi selama 50 hari. Tujuan dari peneilitian yaitu untuk mengetahui keragaman mikroba pada kompos campuran feses sapi perah dan feses ayam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental, yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap dan eksploratif untuk data kualitatif yang dianalisis secara deskriptif. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada 6 titik yaitu Feses Sapi perah segar, campuran awal Feses Sapi perah dan Feses ayam, campuran feses sapi perah dan feses ayam bak 1, bak 2, bak 3 dan bak 4 dengan waktu fermentasi di setiap bak 10 hari, ulangan tiga kali jumlah sampel 18. Pengamatan dilakukan …

Optimization Of Using Cow's Manure Fertilizer At Different Rates On Growth And Production Of Salvinia Sp As Forage Feed, Uti Nopriani, Yusuf Randi Maugo, Juni Sumarmono

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Salvinia sp is a high-quality aquatic plant with a high potential forage source for animals. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the use of cow manure on the growth and production of Salvinia sp crops. The variables in this study are leaf cover area (LCA), replication time, leaf diameter, and biomass production of Salvinia sp plants. The design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments of cow manure as fertilizer, consecutively: without manure; 5 g/L; 10 g/L; and 15 g/L. Each treatment has five replicates. The results showed …

Pengaruh Umur Induk Ayam Arab Persilangan Ayam Lingnan Terhadap Persentase Susut Bobot Telur, Fertilitas, Daya Tetas, Dan Bobot Tetas Doc, Farida Khusnawati, Pradipta Pramono, Mikael Sihite, Rahayu Kusumaningrum

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan umur induk ayam arab terhadap persentase susut bobot telur, daya tetas, bobot tetas DOC. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 50 hari dengan memakai 540 butir (hasil persilangan ayam arab dengan ayam lingnan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola searah. Data yang berbeda nyata diuji lanjut menggunakan Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 3 perlakuan (P1: telur dari induk ayam arab umur 23 bulan; P2: telur dari induk ayam arab umur 24 bulan; dan P3: telur dari induk ayam arab umur 25 bulan). Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 5 kali, dan …

Karakteristik Pertumbuhan Fodder Millet (Panicum Miliaceum) Secara Hidroponik Dari Pengaruh Densitas Biji Tanam, Intensitas Cahaya Dan Umur Panen, Harwanto Harwanto, Bahrun Bahrun, Joni Putra, Eko Hendarto

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan fodder millet (Panicum miliaceum) dari pengaruh densitas biji tanam, intensitas cahaya dan umur panen yang berbeda. Biji tanaman yang digunakan adalah pearl millet, ditanam secara hidroponik pada fase fodder. Penelitian menggunakan metode rancangan acak lengkap faktorial 2x3x4 dengan 4 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah densitas biji tanam 1,5 dan 2,5 kg/m². Faktor kedua adalah umur panen 6, 9, dan 12 hari. Faktor ketiga adalah intensitas cahaya 25, 50, 75, dan 100% terhadap cahaya penuh. Variabel pertumbuhan yang diamati meliputi panjang daun, tinggi tanaman, produksi biomassa, konversi segar dan konversi bahan kering …