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Articles 13351 - 13380 of 19641
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Species Identification And Strain Attribution With Unassembled Sequencing Data, Owen Eric Francis
Species Identification And Strain Attribution With Unassembled Sequencing Data, Owen Eric Francis
Theses and Dissertations
Emerging sequencing approaches have revolutionized the way we can collect DNA sequence data for applications in bioforensics and biosurveillance. In this research, we present an approach to construct a database of known biological agents and use this database to develop a statistical framework to analyze raw reads from next-generation sequence data for species identification and strain attribution. Our method capitalizes on a Bayesian statistical framework that accommodates information on sequence quality, mapping quality and provides posterior probabilities of matches to a known database of target genomes. Importantly, our approach also incorporates the possibility that multiple species can be present in …
An Analysis Of Virginia Transfer Policy And Articulation Agreements: A Comparative Study Of Community College Transfer And Native Students--Enrollments And Outcomes In A Teacher Preparation Program, Michael C. Huffman
Theses and Dissertations
Transfer articulation is an important policy issue in Virginia. With increasing economic strains on federal and state budgets, pressure on key actors in higher education, and critical teacher shortages, an opportunity presented itself to investigate state transfer policy and articulation agreements designed to facilitate student transfer. Articulation agreements are policy instruments designed to facilitate a seamless transfer of both students and credits from the community college system into senior institutions. Over the last decade increased articulation activity has taken place in the Commonwealth of Virginia driven by higher education costs and articulation specific to teacher preparation due to teacher shortages. …
Sources And Fates Of Nutrients In The Tidal, Freshwater James River, William Isenberg
Sources And Fates Of Nutrients In The Tidal, Freshwater James River, William Isenberg
Theses and Dissertations
Tidal freshwater reaches of estuaries may play an important role in mitigating nutrient fluxes from watersheds to the coastal zone due to their location at the interface between riverine and estuarine systems. We developed annual N and P budgets for the tidal, freshwater James River over 4 calendar years (2007-2010) taking into account riverine inputs at the Fall Line, local points sources (including CSO events), ungagued inputs, riverine outputs, and tidal exchange. The tidal freshwater James River experiences high areal loading rates of TN (383 mg/m2/d) and TP (70 mg/m2/d) due to the combined effects of large watershed area and …
Choosing Surgical Birth: Personal Choice And Medical Jurisdiction, Alexandria Vasquez
Choosing Surgical Birth: Personal Choice And Medical Jurisdiction, Alexandria Vasquez
Theses and Dissertations
This is an exploratory study of women’s childbearing decisions and outcomes in non-medically indicated cesarean section childbirths (CS). Focusing on the structure-agency dichotomy, the research is guided by Anthony Giddens’ theory of structuration used in the context of the medicalization framework in order to analyze elements of personal choice and medical jurisdiction in childbearing methods. Quantitative analysis of secondary data and a thematic content analysis of Internet forums are conducted in order to analyze women’s perceptions of autonomy and constraint in their childbearing decisions and outcomes. The findings suggest that the polarization between second- and third wave feminist critiques on …
Joseph As Father In Guido Reni's St. Joseph Images, Alec Teresa Gardner
Joseph As Father In Guido Reni's St. Joseph Images, Alec Teresa Gardner
Theses and Dissertations
This study presents a psychoanalytic examination of Guido Reni's motivations for creating an innovative painting series of St. Joseph and the Christ Child. The seventeenth-century artist developed a new depiction of Joseph as the tender and loving surrogate father of Christ. This new artistic emphasis on the intimate relationship between father and son reveals Reni's own psychological need to create a replacement father. Indeed, contemporary biographers report that Reni suffered from anxiety and an aversion to women throughout his life. These odd behavioral traits appear to have stemmed from Reni's lack of a supportive father figure. Thus, the artist created …
The Influence Of The Roman Atrium-House's Architecture And Use Of Space In Engendering The Power And Independence Of The Materfamilias, Anne Elizabeth Stott
The Influence Of The Roman Atrium-House's Architecture And Use Of Space In Engendering The Power And Independence Of The Materfamilias, Anne Elizabeth Stott
Theses and Dissertations
Architecture has a remarkable capacity to not only reflect social patterns and behaviors but to engender public image and identity. Therefore, it has proven to be a viable source for understanding the lives of ancient people. In fact, many scholars have established a connection between the atrium-house's design and the power and social identity of the paterfamilias, or male head of household. However, little has been said about what these same architectural features mean in relation to his female counterpart, the materfamilias. Therefore, this paper argues that the architecture of the atrium-house likewise engendered a sense of power …
Solvation Of Organic Cations In The Gas Phase And Within Molecular Clusters, Ahmed Hamid
Solvation Of Organic Cations In The Gas Phase And Within Molecular Clusters, Ahmed Hamid
Theses and Dissertations
The role of the solvent in ionic and ion-molecule interactions is of fundamental importance in kinetics and thermodynamics of solution chemistry. However, the study of the ionic interactions in the presence of a large number of solvent molecules is very challenging. Therefore, the gas-phase is the appropriate medium to study such reactions on a molecular level where the ion-solvent interaction can be examined by studying ions surrounded with a cluster of solvent molecules in the complete absence of the any interference caused by the bulk of the solvent. In nature, organic ions can form hydrogen bonds with solvents. An insight …
Using An Experimental Mixture Design To Identify Experimental Regions With High Probability Of Creating A Homogeneous Monolithic Column Capable Of Flow, Charles C. Willden
Using An Experimental Mixture Design To Identify Experimental Regions With High Probability Of Creating A Homogeneous Monolithic Column Capable Of Flow, Charles C. Willden
Theses and Dissertations
Graduate students in the Brigham Young University Chemistry Department are working to develop a filtering device that can be used to separate substances into their constituent parts. The device consists of a monomer and water mixture that is polymerized into a monolith inside of a capillary. The ideal monolith is completely solid with interconnected pores that are small enough to cause the constituent parts to pass through the capillary at different rates, effectively separating the substance. Although the end objective is to minimize pore sizes, it is necessary to first identify an experimental region where any combination of input variables …
Workplace Discrimination And The Perception Of Disability, William Draper
Workplace Discrimination And The Perception Of Disability, William Draper
Theses and Dissertations
Decisions by the EEOC in favor of claimants perceived to have disabilities disproportionately exceeded those in favor of claimants with documented disabilities. This finding lends support to the assertion that unconscious/implicit bias is persistent in the workplace.
School Culture: A Sequential Mixed Methods Exploratory Meta-Analysis, Cynthia Pritchett
School Culture: A Sequential Mixed Methods Exploratory Meta-Analysis, Cynthia Pritchett
Theses and Dissertations
This multi-national study used systematic review as a data collection technique to determine the current field of empirical studies that posit a definition of school culture and its characteristics. The data gathered from a qualitative synthesis and analysis of the acquired studies informed school culture taxonomy. The taxonomy presented domains, classes, categories, characteristics, and elements, which became the variables for meta-analysis. This adapted methodological process resulted in a valid and generalizable definition of school culture. The adapted sequential mixed methods exploratory approach used in this study resulted in the generation of grounded theory. The grounded theory is a definition of …
Poppies And Ptsd: Opioid Influence On A Preclincal Model Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder., Sarah Vunck
Poppies And Ptsd: Opioid Influence On A Preclincal Model Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder., Sarah Vunck
Theses and Dissertations
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder that affects over 7.7 million adults and carries an estimated societal cost of $3.1 billion every year. People develop PTSD after exposure to a traumatic event. Alone or combined, approved pharmacotherapies or psychotherapy are somewhat effective, but symptoms for many remain refractory. Emerging evidence suggests that opiate systems may modulate the development and expression of PTSD, and their role can be investigated preclinically. Pavlovian fear conditioning is a preclinical model which elicits behaviors mirroring those that occur in humans during and after exposure to trauma. This presents an experimental tool that can …
Assessing The Effects Of Stress Resilience Training On Visual Discrimination Skills: Implications For Perceptual Resilience In U.S. Warfighters, Andrea Taylor
Theses and Dissertations
Current military operational environments are highly improvised and constantly evolving, threatening the lives of U.S. warfighters. For instance, since 2001, 60% of all hostile casualties and 65% of hostile injuries in the Middle East theater have been attributed to improvised explosive devices (IEDs). IEDs are powerful physical weapons, and the stressful atmosphere they, and other operational challenges create, can also result in a range of psychological dysfunctions, including anxiety, depression, alcohol abuse, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Not only are these issues concerning for mental health reasons, they are also problematic in terms of combat performance. Extreme arousal (i.e., stress) …
Opioid Withdrawal Signs And Symptoms In The Pediatric Patient During Opioid Tapering, Deborah Fisher
Opioid Withdrawal Signs And Symptoms In The Pediatric Patient During Opioid Tapering, Deborah Fisher
Theses and Dissertations
Opioids are used routinely in the pediatric intensive care population for analgesia, sedation, blunting of physiologic responses to stress, and safety. In children, physical dependence may occur in as little as two to three days of continuous opioid therapy. Once the child no longer needs the opioid, the medications are reduced over time. A review of the literature revealed that the majority of the published studies used either a neonatal opioid assessment tool or no assessment tool. A subsequent international survey of pediatric providers found a wide range of opioid tapering practices and sporadic use of opioid withdrawal instruments to …
Chemoselective Oxidation Of 6,13-Bis(Decylthio) Pentacene, Claire Eunhye Cho
Chemoselective Oxidation Of 6,13-Bis(Decylthio) Pentacene, Claire Eunhye Cho
Theses and Dissertations
Organic semiconductors present much potential for industrial use because of their possible low cost production, Pentacene and pentacene derivatives are promising candidates for organic semiconductor research since their ^-conjugated electronic structures possess small HOMO- LUMO gaps and high field effect mobility. Whereas there is much potential in devices made from pentacenes they do however undergo short lifetimes and poor processability due to photodegradation and poor solubility of pentacene. Previous research has shown that the pentacene lifetime and solubility can be enhanced by arylthio and alkylthio substituents placed on the pentacene backbone. For example 6,13-i?/s(decylthio)pentacene was one of the longest lived …
Successful Career Attainment In Women Survivors Of Domestic Abuse: A Qualitative Study, Christine E. Even
Successful Career Attainment In Women Survivors Of Domestic Abuse: A Qualitative Study, Christine E. Even
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore experiences and perspectives of women survivors of domestic abuse regarding their successful career attainment. The Consensual Qualitative Research (CQR) method was used to analyze the data gathered from interviews with ten women survivors of domestic abuse who self identified as having successful careers. Each participant completed a semi-structured interview conducted via telephone. Specifically, questions were asked regarding participants' definitions of career success, their perceptions of their successfulness and satisfaction with their career, their perceived supports and barriers to their career success, how they felt their experiences of being in domestically abusive …
Stress And Coping Styles: Differences Between Native Americans And White Americans, Joseph L. Corbine
Stress And Coping Styles: Differences Between Native Americans And White Americans, Joseph L. Corbine
Theses and Dissertations
Almost everyone experiences negative stress in their lives; this study attempts to explore how Native Americans experience and cope with negative stress. The stress filled lives of Native Americans is well documented. Their lives are punctuated with injury, illness, death, dismembered relationships, and encounters with legal authorities. It is hypothesized in this study that there are major differences in the ways that Native Americans and White Americans cope with stress. The study begins with a review of stress and then addresses the more unique stresses faced by Native Americans. After a review of the literature on styles of coping with …
Production Of A Transgenic Mouse That Specifically Overexpresses The Antioxidant Metallothionein In Endothelial Cells, Jennifer M. Teiken
Production Of A Transgenic Mouse That Specifically Overexpresses The Antioxidant Metallothionein In Endothelial Cells, Jennifer M. Teiken
Theses and Dissertations
Diabetes mellitus increases the risk for cardiovascular disease due, in part, to hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress. To investigate the potential for antioxidant protection of the vasculature, a transgenic mouse (Jtmt) that overexpresses the antioxidant metallothionein (MT) specifically in endothelial cells (EC) was produced. A 16kb transgene consisting of the murine Tie2 promoter and enhancer ligated to the human MTII gene was microinjected into FVB mouse embryos. Two founder mice, Jtmt1 and Jtmt4, produced transgenic progeny identified by PCR using human MTII primers. At 60 days of age, there were no distinguishable differences in phenotype, behavior, body and organ weights, and glucose …
Executive Functioning And Childhood Abuse Predictors On Laboratory Induced Aggression, Jessica R. Mugge
Executive Functioning And Childhood Abuse Predictors On Laboratory Induced Aggression, Jessica R. Mugge
Theses and Dissertations
Previous research has indicated that neuropsychological dysfunction and the experience of violence during childhood are linked to the acquisition and expression of aggressive behavior. How these variables interact to influence aggression has not been effectively established in the literature, however. This study provided a prospective examination of the relationships between EF, the experience of childhood abuse, and aggression. Based on responses on a pre-screening questionnaire that assessed EF (BRIEF-A), 101 participants at a Midwestern university were selected for inclusion in this study. Fifty participants were classified as at risk for EF deficits (24 males, 26 females) while 51 participants were …
Comparative Analysis Of Yersinia Pestis Infection In Resistant And Susceptible Mice, Nathaniel D. Lambert
Comparative Analysis Of Yersinia Pestis Infection In Resistant And Susceptible Mice, Nathaniel D. Lambert
Theses and Dissertations
This study demonstrates that 2 month old, female B10.T(6R) are highly resistant to systemic infection with the KIM5 strain of Yersinia pestis , and that B10.T(6R) mice become susceptible to Y. pestis infection by 5 months of age. In this study we infected both young (2 month) and middle-aged (5-12 month) B10.T(6R) with equal CFUs of Y. pestis. LD50 of young B10.T(6R) was ∼1.4 X 10 4 CFU, while middle-aged B10. T(6R) mice exhibited an LD50 of ∼60 CFU. An elevated bacterial burden was found in the spleens of middle-aged mice at 24 and 60 h and the livers at …
Characterization Of Truncated Yscf: Innate Immune And Proinflammatory Responsiveness, Melody N. Toosky
Characterization Of Truncated Yscf: Innate Immune And Proinflammatory Responsiveness, Melody N. Toosky
Theses and Dissertations
Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, is a highly pathogenic gram negative bacterium that attenuates the host immune response by translocating effector proteins, known as Yops, directly from the bacterial cytoplasm into the eukaryotic cell cytoplasm using a Type III secretion system. The Type III secretion system uses a polymerized needle to translocate Yops into the eukaryotic cell. This self-polymerizing needle is composed of YscF. YscF has been tested as a possible vaccine alternative to other subunit vaccines. Wild type YscF has been previously shown to provide a low amount of protection against challenge with Y. pestis. The focus …
American Beauties: The Cult Of The Bosom In Early Republican Art And Society, Emily Gerhold
American Beauties: The Cult Of The Bosom In Early Republican Art And Society, Emily Gerhold
Theses and Dissertations
This interdisciplinary project offers new research to introduce the American cult of the bosom, which emerged in the years following the Revolutionary War and helped shape the discourse around women’s roles in the early republic. The cult of the bosom sought to shift the way in which the female body, and especially the bosom, was regarded and represented by identifying it as the locus of a number of positive qualities associated with women, including virtue, modesty, beauty, and grace. This shift constituted, in the minds of citizens, a significant way in which American culture honored and celebrated women. Additionally, the …
Recognition And Treatment Modalities For Complicated Grief In The Bereaving Widowed Elderly, Tanya Smith
Recognition And Treatment Modalities For Complicated Grief In The Bereaving Widowed Elderly, Tanya Smith
Theses and Dissertations
Reactions to spousal bereavement are very individualized; while a large majority of individuals are able to navigate their way through the bereavement process, there are a significant number who can’t. Individuals who suffer from complicated grief are thought to be essentially stuck in a chronic and intense state of mourning that lasts longer than six months post loss. As one would expect, adverse health outcomes are a consequence of untreated complicated grief. It is the purpose of this paper to present the reader with evidence that there are effective treatment interventions for complicated grief. Additionally, a second purpose of this …
Antidepressants As A Standalone Treatment Modality Compared To Antidepressants With Conjunctive Therapies For Treatment Of Major Depressive Disorder, Patricia J. Moos
Antidepressants As A Standalone Treatment Modality Compared To Antidepressants With Conjunctive Therapies For Treatment Of Major Depressive Disorder, Patricia J. Moos
Theses and Dissertations
Major Depression Disorder is a wide spread epidemic in our country. Antidepressants are commonly prescribed by general medical practitioners as well as mental health practitioners with a low success rate ( de Jonghe, 2008). The purpose of this Independent Study was to conduct a literature review to determine if antidepressants are effective as a standalone therapy in the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder or if they have a higher success rate when used with conjunctive therapies such as cognitive therapy, exercise, and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). An evidence based review of the literature was conducted to determine the current knowledge base …
Healthcare Directive And The Disabled, Shannon L. Slagter
Healthcare Directive And The Disabled, Shannon L. Slagter
Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Established Statin Therapy And The Benefits Of Niacin, Jennifer Orsua
Established Statin Therapy And The Benefits Of Niacin, Jennifer Orsua
Theses and Dissertations
Residual cardiovascular risk is an issue for patients despite aggressive LDL-C lowering in intervention trials. Currently no guidelines are available for increasing HDL-C, an independent risk factor for coronary vascular disease. Niacin is the most potent drug available for raising plasma levels of HD L-C. A review of literature was conducted to determine if the addition of niacin to an established statin therapy would decrease residual cardiovascular risk. Key words used in multiple literature searches included the terms "dyslipidemias, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, cardiovascular diseases, niacin, cholesterol HDL, and cardiovascular risk". It has been concluded that niacin is beneficial in reducing …
Dexamethasone Bridging Versus The Hydrocortisone Standard, Mathew J. Janezic
Dexamethasone Bridging Versus The Hydrocortisone Standard, Mathew J. Janezic
Theses and Dissertations
A concern for anesthesia providers is the risk of perioperative shock due to secondary adrenal insufficiency in patients receiving long-term glucocorticoid therapy who do not receive supplemental stress steroid coverage for surgery. Dexamethasone is currently used by anesthesia providers as a perioperative anti-inflammatory agent and as an antiemetic adjunct. Hydrocortisone is currently the most commonly used drug for bridging patients who have previously received long tem1 glucocorticoid therapy. The increased potency, duration of action, and antiemetic properties of dexamethasone may make it a desirable substitution for hydrocortisone . The purpose of this independent project was to review the current literature …
Myelin Gene Expression: Implications For Alcohol Abuse And Dependence, Sean Farris
Myelin Gene Expression: Implications For Alcohol Abuse And Dependence, Sean Farris
Theses and Dissertations
Acute behavioral responses to ethanol have predictive value for determining an individual's risk of long-term drinking behavior. Although the neurobiology of alcohol abuse is complex, prior studies from our laboratory demonstrated differential myelin-associated gene expression (MAGE) in medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) as one potential mechanism influencing acute ethanol behaviors between C57BL/6J (B6) and DBA/2J (D2) mice. Our laboratory and others have also shown MAGE is reduced in PFC of alcoholics. Herein, I have extended these findings through expression profiling of PFC into chronic models of ethanol self-administration from non-human primates and mice. Together, these results suggest that regulation of MAGE …
Antinociceptive Effects Of Monoamine Reuptake Inhibitors In Assays Of Pain-Stimulated And Pain-Depressed Behaviors, Marisa Rosenberg
Antinociceptive Effects Of Monoamine Reuptake Inhibitors In Assays Of Pain-Stimulated And Pain-Depressed Behaviors, Marisa Rosenberg
Theses and Dissertations
ANTINOCICEPTIVE EFFECTS OF MONOAMINE REUPTAKE INHIBITORS IN ASSAYS OF PAIN-STIMULATED AND PAIN-DEPRESSED BEHAVIOR By Marisa B. Rosenberg A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science at Virginia Commonwealth University. Virginia Commonwealth University, 2012 Advisor: Sidney Stevens Negus, Ph.D. Professor, Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology Noxious stimuli can produce pain-related stimulation of some behaviors (e.g. withdrawal responses) and depression of other behaviors (e.g. feeding, locomotion, responding maintained by many types of positive reinforcement). Monoamine reuptake inhibitors are used clinically to treat depression and to manage some types of pain. This study examined the antinociceptive properties …
A Cellular Automata Model Of Enantiomer Interactions With Beta-Cyclodextrin, Desoi Darren
A Cellular Automata Model Of Enantiomer Interactions With Beta-Cyclodextrin, Desoi Darren
Theses and Dissertations
The binding mechanisms of molecules to cyclodextrins continues to be studied to better explain the interactions occurring. The majority of published models focus on one-to-one molecular binding thermodynamics to explain experimental results. They rely on physical concepts of energies and forces to guide the actions of molecules expressed mathematically in terms of differential and non-linear equations. These models are limited in scope due to their complexity and are not easily expanded to study many diverse analytes. Conversely, cellular automata uses simple mathematical idealizations of systems governed by deterministic and probabilistic rules that are easily adaptable to many types of molecular …
Effects Of Cohabitation On Children Of Latino Americans, Miriam Grace Clark
Effects Of Cohabitation On Children Of Latino Americans, Miriam Grace Clark
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of cohabitation on children in kindergarten and how this varies by race. Many researchers have shown that children being raised in cohabiting families do not perform as well as children being raised in married parent families (Manning and Seltzer 2009; Artis 2007; Raley et al 2005). Furthermore, demographic trends show that cohabitation among Latinos is very similar to marriage, whereas among whites they are two very different things (Choi and Seltzer 2009). My research combines these two ideas to investigate how cohabitation may affect Latino children differently than it affects …