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Promising Antitumor Therapeutics Of Herbal Origin: Exploring Cytotoxic Activity Of Glycoalkaloids And Unraveling Underlying Mechanisms., Noha Nagdy Farrag
Promising Antitumor Therapeutics Of Herbal Origin: Exploring Cytotoxic Activity Of Glycoalkaloids And Unraveling Underlying Mechanisms., Noha Nagdy Farrag
Theses and Dissertations
To evaluate the anticancer potential of the extracts of the two Solanaceae family plants: Solanum macrocarpon (African Eggplant) and Solanum seaforthianum (Brazilian Nightshade), cytotoxicity screening was performed. The extract exhibiting the most potent effect; Total glycoalkaloid extract of Solanum seaforthianum (TGASS) was then investigated further, through screening of individual compounds fractionated from it and comparing their cytotoxicity with each other and with other standard Solanum alkaloids. Further investigations were performed to define the underlying mechanisms by which each of the three most potent alkaloids function on hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line. The hypothesis involves that alkaloids fractionated from the Solanaceae …
Recycling Of Waste Gypsum Boards To Produce New Drywalls And Non-Load Bearing Bricks, Nada Khaled Fathy Ragab
Recycling Of Waste Gypsum Boards To Produce New Drywalls And Non-Load Bearing Bricks, Nada Khaled Fathy Ragab
Theses and Dissertations
Recycling of gypsum boards wastes is attractive but challenging at the same time. The quality and quantity of the waste is quite important. The amount of gypsum board waste is on the rise. Millions of tons of gypsum board waste are produced annually and only a small percentage of gypsum board waste is recycled. This waste threatens the environment in three main ways: producing Hydrogen Sulfide gas when dumped in a moist environment, increasing the use of landfills and depleting natural resources. Consequently, the United States is considering the prohibition of gypsum board waste partial or full dumping in landfills …
Language Attitudes Towards Dialects Of Arabic In Egypt, Ibrahim Eltouhamy
Language Attitudes Towards Dialects Of Arabic In Egypt, Ibrahim Eltouhamy
Theses and Dissertations
It has been widely believed that a negative attitude is consistently to be found with the rural dialects of Egyptian Arabic, and that their speakers, especially those who emigrate to urban areas, ultimately tend to change their dialects to adapt, at least partially, to the prestige variety of vernacular Arabic, in this case the urban Cairene dialect (Bassiouney, 2009; Haeri, 1991; Miller, 2005; Woidich, 1994). In this regard, language attitudes towards rural dialects of Arabic in Egypt have been only slightly investigated sociolinguistically, as the majority of studies of Arabic language attitudes have been limited to investigating speakers’ attitudes toward …
Development Of Real-Time Pcr Assay For Detection Of Total Bacteria In Beverage Emulsions, Essam Gamaleldin Elsisi
Development Of Real-Time Pcr Assay For Detection Of Total Bacteria In Beverage Emulsions, Essam Gamaleldin Elsisi
Theses and Dissertations
The rapid growth and expansion of the soft drinks market and the necessity to meet and maintain the consumers’ expectations of having high quality products safe for consumption, have both drawn the attention to the need for rapid and sensitive methods for the detection of potential microbial contaminations. This has made the current conventional culture-based methods inconvenient due to the relatively long periods of time they need to yield results, in addition to their relatively low sensitivity. In contrast, real-time PCR is a rapid and sensitive molecular detection technique, capable of providing quick detection and quantification methods of specific DNA …
Foster Care In Egypt: A Study Of Policies, Laws, And Practice., Samar Mohamed Ali
Foster Care In Egypt: A Study Of Policies, Laws, And Practice., Samar Mohamed Ali
Theses and Dissertations
Foster care in Egypt is regulated by Ministry of Social Solidarity according to detailed procedures of the child law no 126 for the year 1996 and its amendments of the year 2008. The system combines features of western foster care as well as adoption with the guidelines of Islamic Kafalah system. Children who are deprived from parental care for any reason are eligible to enter the foster care system. This qualitative study analyses the child law against the UN guidelines on alternative care to identify legislative and procedural gaps. It also analyses the current field practices of how placement of …
Nanocomposites Of Layered Clays And Graphene/Graphene Oxide For Drug Delivery, Nada Mahmoud Hegazy
Nanocomposites Of Layered Clays And Graphene/Graphene Oxide For Drug Delivery, Nada Mahmoud Hegazy
Theses and Dissertations
Layered double hydroxides (LDH) comprise a class of materials that can be either found as natural minerals or can be synthetically prepared. Their structure is composed of a mixture of divalent and trivalent metal cations, forming brucite-like layers, that are neutralized with anions in the interlayer gallery. They have unique physical and chemical characteristics such as: high surface area, large charge density, biocompatibility and exchange capacity. These have attracted attention to the LDHs as potential drug delivery vehicles. Graphene (G) has also attracted the attention to exceptional properties, such as huge surface area, charge density concentration, membrane permeability by piercing …
Using Games To Learn Vocabulary In Arabic As A Foreign Language Classroom: A Study Of Teacher And Student Beliefs, Haitham Salaheldin Mohamed
Using Games To Learn Vocabulary In Arabic As A Foreign Language Classroom: A Study Of Teacher And Student Beliefs, Haitham Salaheldin Mohamed
Theses and Dissertations
Vocabulary has been always neglected in most of foreign language classrooms. Many strategies, techniques and activities were suggested to make vocabulary acquisition easier and sustained. Games are one of these tools offered to help in learning and teaching vocabulary. Since beliefs are the core of every discipline that deals with learning and behavior. It is important to understand what teachers and students think of games, in other words what are their beliefs towards games. This study explored student and teacher beliefs about using games in learning vocabulary in the Arabic as a Foreign Language classroom. The study aimed to answer …
The Effects Of A Small-Group Direct Instruction Intervention On The Reading Achievement Of English Language Learners, Laurie Ottehenning
The Effects Of A Small-Group Direct Instruction Intervention On The Reading Achievement Of English Language Learners, Laurie Ottehenning
Theses and Dissertations
This study analyzes the effects of a Tier 2, small group intervention developed by the Exemplary Center for Reading Instruction (ECRI) that employs direct instruction strategies (including scripted sequenced lessons, teacher modeling, and repeated practice). The reading achievement of 15 English language learners (ELLs) in the ECRI intervention was compared to the reading achievement of 12 ELLs in a computer-based reading intervention. The reading achievement of 27 ELLs was also compared to the reading achievement of 48 non-ELLs in the interventions. Repeated measures ANOVAs and independent t-tests analyzed the results of the Kaufman Test of Educational Achievement-II Brief, pre- and …
Achieving Environmental Sustainability Of Sugarcane Industry In Egypt: An Application Of Life Cycle Assessment, Dalia Adel Habib Nakhla
Achieving Environmental Sustainability Of Sugarcane Industry In Egypt: An Application Of Life Cycle Assessment, Dalia Adel Habib Nakhla
Theses and Dissertations
Sugarcane industry in Egypt goes back to the year 710 AD. Cane plantations are concentrated in the area of Upper Egypt. The total amount of cane cultivated in Upper Egypt is about 16 million tons per year. There are eight sugarcane producing factories in Egypt, most of them located close to the cultivations. The sugarcane industry in Egypt can be currently defined as an open industrial system that consumes material and energy and creates products and wastes. The two main stages of sugarcane production are the agricultural stage and the industrial stage. The agricultural stage involves cane cultivation which involves …
The Role Of Ngos In Empowering Visually Impaired People To Access Education And Employment In Egypt, Nevine Sharaf
The Role Of Ngos In Empowering Visually Impaired People To Access Education And Employment In Egypt, Nevine Sharaf
Theses and Dissertations
Disability is viewed as a developmental issue given that people with disability are usually excluded from mainstream economic and social opportunities. However, the attention given to the people with disability in Egypt is mostly confined to medical and scientific features. Local NGOs in Egypt have long been working with visually impaired people. However, there is limited literature and empirical research specifying the role of local NGOs in empowering the visually impaired people to access education and employability in Egypt. Thus the purpose of this study is to assess the role that local NGOs play in this regard. The methodology used …
Magnetic Treatment Of Brackish Water For Sustainable Agriculture, Kareem Hassan
Magnetic Treatment Of Brackish Water For Sustainable Agriculture, Kareem Hassan
Theses and Dissertations
Egypt and most of the MENA countries are suffering from physical water scarcity. The abundance of fresh water is very limited; consequently, it is needed to rethink about the use of non-conventional water resources as a source of water for agricultural purposes. This study investigated the influence of magnetic treatment on brackish water, and its application for sustainable agriculture practices. The experimental work was divided into four main categories: The first category was the physical analysis of magnetically treated brackish water; including surface tension investigation, salt solubility test, and nutrients solubility test. The second category was the chemical analysis; including …
Mthfr C677t, Pt G20120a And Fv Leiden As Risk Factors For Thrombosis In Egyptian Pediatric All Patients, Mohamed Nagy Ahmed
Mthfr C677t, Pt G20120a And Fv Leiden As Risk Factors For Thrombosis In Egyptian Pediatric All Patients, Mohamed Nagy Ahmed
Theses and Dissertations
Thrombosis is a well-known side effect associated with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) treatment leading to significant morbidity rates. Thrombosis occurrence in ALL patients seems to be due to the interaction between the disease, the therapy and the possible inherited genetic defects affecting the hemostatic balance. In this study we aimed to assess the prevalence of prothrombotic defects- FV Leiden, MTHFR (Methylene Tetra Hydrofolate Reductase enzyme) C677T & prothrombin (PT) G20210A mutations in Egyptian pediatric ALL patients and its impact on the risk of thrombosis onset as well as to evaluate the impact of the presence of single versus multiple prothrombotic …
Development Of Inhalable Microparticles For Drug Delivery To Deep Lung Tissues, Yasmine Houssam Eldin Abbas
Development Of Inhalable Microparticles For Drug Delivery To Deep Lung Tissues, Yasmine Houssam Eldin Abbas
Theses and Dissertations
Lung cancer is the deadliest solid tumor, leading to the deaths of more individuals than the combination of the three next most lethal cancers which are colon, prostate and breast cancer. According to the IARC, in 2012 lung cancer accounted for 13% (1.83 million) of cancer cases and caused 19% (1.56 million) of cancer deaths worldwide. Despite advances in surgery and drug discovery, lung cancer remains difficult to treat. This is a result of unavoidable exposure to carcinogens, poor diagnosis and the lack of targeted drug delivery platforms. The aim of this study was to develop a non-invasive, patient convenient …
Adsorption Of Heavy Metals Cations In Wastewater Using Cement Kiln Dust, Mohamed Abdel Kareem El Zayat
Adsorption Of Heavy Metals Cations In Wastewater Using Cement Kiln Dust, Mohamed Abdel Kareem El Zayat
Theses and Dissertations
Wastewater containing heavy metal constituents are mainly generated from industrial processes, such as electric battery manufacturing, lead smelting and glass industry. Heavy metals are very dangerous and carcinogenic due to the fact that they can bio-accumulate in our bodies resulting in increasing the concentration of chemicals in the biological organism compared to the chemical’s concentration in the environment. A special emphasize in this study is on lead, cadmium, and copper since they are the most common toxic heavy metals in some inorganic industrial wastewater. Common techniques used in heavy metals treatment processes are chemical treatment, flotation, filter coalescence,and membrane filtration. …
A Cross-Sectional Survey Study To Assess Attitudes Towards Research Misconduct Among The Community Of The American University In Cairo, Marwan Tarek Felaefel
A Cross-Sectional Survey Study To Assess Attitudes Towards Research Misconduct Among The Community Of The American University In Cairo, Marwan Tarek Felaefel
Theses and Dissertations
Background: Research misconduct is on the rise globally and it is jeopardizing scientific integrity by breaching the basis of responsible scientific conduct. Available data indicates rising levels of fabrication, falsification and plagiarism that are alarming despite the presence of guidelines in many of the high-income countries. High profile cases of misconduct in low and middle income countries are on the rise as well, yet data regarding the amount of misconduct taking place remain scarce. Objective: To assess investigators’ attitudes as well as the prevalence of research misconduct in an Egyptian University and identify possible factors that might account for our …
Cofactor Of Brca1 As A Modulator Of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Growth And Migration, Eman Mahmoud El Zeneini
Cofactor Of Brca1 As A Modulator Of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Growth And Migration, Eman Mahmoud El Zeneini
Theses and Dissertations
Cofactor of BRCA1 (COBRA1) is one of the four subunits that make up the Negative Elongation Factor Complex (NELF) which is involved in the stalling of RNA polymerase II early during transcription elongation. As such, COBRA1 is able to regulate a substantial number of genes involved in a number of pathways, including cell cycle control, metabolism, cell proliferation and DNA repair. In the field of cancer, the role of COBRA1 is not yet fully understood. The aim of our study was to investigate the functional role of COBRA1 in the tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We investigated the gene expression …
Use Of Alginate/Montmorillonite Nanocomposites As Drug Delivery System For Curcumin, Marwa Fathy Ahmed
Use Of Alginate/Montmorillonite Nanocomposites As Drug Delivery System For Curcumin, Marwa Fathy Ahmed
Theses and Dissertations
Curcumin (Cur.) is a well known traditional medicine due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Its pharmacological mechanism of action and safety have been extensively studied to investigate its use in clinical and therapeutic applications. However, its low water solubility and rapid metabolism are main obstacles. Different techniques were used to overcome the drawbacks of curcumin, with recent attention focusing on approaches based on nanotechnology. Clay-polymer nanocomposites are getting to play a role in nanoformulations for drug delivery. This is due to their improved rheological and mechanical properties, and controlled drug release characteristics compared to their individual components, clays and …
Potential Role Of Cofactor Of Brca1 In Hepatocellular Carcinoma Pathogenesis, Aya Atef Youssef
Potential Role Of Cofactor Of Brca1 In Hepatocellular Carcinoma Pathogenesis, Aya Atef Youssef
Theses and Dissertations
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a devastating tumor characterized by poor prognosis. In Egypt, HCC is the first most common cancer in men and the second most common cancer in women in the year 2012. Still, the molecular mechanisms underlying HCC pathogenesis are not fully identified. This leads to the lack of reliable prognostic markers for HCC. COBRA1 is the cofactor of BRCA1, it is one of the four subunits of the negative elongation factor (NELF) referred to as, NELF-B. NELF complex inhibits transcription elongation via stalling RNA polymerase II. COBRA1 was studied in some types of cancer; in breast cancer …
Obesity Interventions In Egypt: Identifying Gaps And Highlighting Assets, Hana Shahin
Obesity Interventions In Egypt: Identifying Gaps And Highlighting Assets, Hana Shahin
Theses and Dissertations
Worldwide, obesity is a growing epidemic and a leading non-communicative disease. Egypt has high levels of obesity, causing harm to both individuals and society at large. Data on obesity in Egypt includes measures of obesity rates, comorbidity, and consequences, but there is little documentation on obesity interventions. This is in large part due to the fact that obesity is overlooked by the Egyptian government and culture. This study aimed to collect data on available programs and interventions in Egypt, to explore assets and challenges to obesity programming, and to ask for recommendations for combatting obesity. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with …
Rhetoric: Spoken Discourse, A Systematic Appeal For Reasoning "Pathos", Marwa M. Adel Farid
Rhetoric: Spoken Discourse, A Systematic Appeal For Reasoning "Pathos", Marwa M. Adel Farid
Theses and Dissertations
The tekhnē of spoken discourse is a critical tool for particular communications and is a substantial means to transform good knowledge . It is an objective tekhnē with an ergon, which is man-made. As such, it may be implemented for political, religious, social or educational purposes. Thus, understanding the implications of spoken discourse and establishing a shared understanding between the rhētōr and his listeners is not just an option in this context. On the contrary, both elements are the mind/soul/heart of the discourse. For what is the value of a discourse if its implications and representations are not well perceived …
The Rise Of A New Generation: Intergenerational Value Change In Egypt, Zeyad M. Elkelani
The Rise Of A New Generation: Intergenerational Value Change In Egypt, Zeyad M. Elkelani
Theses and Dissertations
Arab Spring is commonly associated to youth mobilization and their dissatisfaction with respective Arab authoritarian regimes. This empirical study explores such claim through tracing various social, political and demographic indicators as determinants of generational value change in post-2011 Egypt. It employs a generational perspective in discovering such values following Karl Mannheim‟s definition of generations. Mannheim argued that a political generation is composed of a birth cohort sharing similar values through a multifaceted historical process of socialization. The theoretical framework guiding considerable portion of this study is Ronald Inglehart‟s “intergenerational value change thesis.” Inglehart argues that there is an ongoing transnational …
Lipid-Based Nanoparticles For Altering Immune Response: A Step Towards Targeted Cancer Immunotherapy, Noha Samir Ismail
Lipid-Based Nanoparticles For Altering Immune Response: A Step Towards Targeted Cancer Immunotherapy, Noha Samir Ismail
Theses and Dissertations
Since cancer is an extremely heterogeneous disease of origin, scientists are always trying to define novel approaches that can eliminate this disease. Over decades now, surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy have been the conventional methods to eradicate cancer. Unfortunately, cancer resistance has developed, in which tumor cells became resistant to the majority of chemotherapeutics. Consequently, people started to use combination therapy as a more intensified protocol to counteract the aggressiveness of cancer. However, the results are not satisfactory till now and lots of optimizations are needed in order to make sure that synergistic not antagonistic effects are happening. That is why …
Removal Of Lead From Industrial Wastewater Using A Low Cost Waste Material, Hayam Ahmed Talaat Amer
Removal Of Lead From Industrial Wastewater Using A Low Cost Waste Material, Hayam Ahmed Talaat Amer
Theses and Dissertations
Several industries utilize heavy metals in their industrial processes, eventually discharging them in their wastewater. Water contamination by heavy metals is a major environmental problem due to their acute toxicity and their accumulation in food chains. Therefore, intensive research work has been carried out lately on the feasibility of various low cost materials for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater. The main objective of the current research was to examine the potential of a low cost material for the removal of Pb2+ from a synthetic lead solution. The research work was divided into three core phases. Phase I was …
Fabrication Of Cellulose Acetate /Citric Acid Composite Electrospun Nanofibers And Their Antibacterial Activities, Mohamed Adly Faried
Fabrication Of Cellulose Acetate /Citric Acid Composite Electrospun Nanofibers And Their Antibacterial Activities, Mohamed Adly Faried
Theses and Dissertations
In an attempt to develop novel natural nanofibers with enhanced antimicrobial activities, polymer composites and nanomaterials play a vital role and exhibit superior properties. Among the different types of nanomaterials, nanofibers have attracted a lot of attention in various fields due to their large surface area per unit mass and advanced mechanical performance. Nanofibers are potential candidates to be used in many fields such as drug delivery systems, nano-sensors, filtration media, and medical applications, etc. Among theses applications is the use of these nannanofibers in wound management. The development of novel approaches that can enhance wounds healing is always in …
The Difference Between Political And Philosophical Freedom In The Completed Works Of Hannah Arendt, Khadeega Ga'far
The Difference Between Political And Philosophical Freedom In The Completed Works Of Hannah Arendt, Khadeega Ga'far
Theses and Dissertations
Hannah Arendt distinguishes between two different practices of freedom whose origins are rooted into two historical human experiences: political freedom/action and philosophical freedom/free will. She argues that the two experiences were different as concerns the origin, the location and the conditions of each. Freedom of the will, or philosophical freedom, is relevant only in solitude while political freedom is relevant to people living together in political communities. Arendt also claims that the freedom of the will is the origin of the ideal of sovereignty which constitutes its meaning in commanding and demanding obedience. Hence, the free will realizes its freedom …
Becoming And Being: Atheism As A Social Experience In Egypt, Wael Ossama Al-Soukkary
Becoming And Being: Atheism As A Social Experience In Egypt, Wael Ossama Al-Soukkary
Theses and Dissertations
This project involves discovering how some Egyptian atheists develop and manage their identity. The goal of the research is to demonstrate the different variables that influence the transformation to atheism. This research also seeks to explore the different ways Egyptian atheists deal with the stigma associated with their identity once they self-identity as atheists. Upon examination and analysis of my interlocutors' account it became clear that atheism is not only organic to the Egyptian culture but also a significantly fluid identity.
The Making Of Gender In Egyptian Families: A Cross-Class Engagement, Farah Moataz Atia
The Making Of Gender In Egyptian Families: A Cross-Class Engagement, Farah Moataz Atia
Theses and Dissertations
In the midst of an unstable political environment, a booming population, and a neoliberal atmosphere, it is impossible not to notice the wide socio-economic disparities in the urban capital of Cairo. ‘Ishash Kum Ghurab, Misr Al-Qadima is clogged with “informal” buildings contained by its old medieval structure (Sims, 2003, p. 6). It has been suggested by Sims (2003, p. 6) that most families residing in this area, where buildings frequently collapse, belong to the lower-income strata of the society. Nevertheless, I have not found it useful nor accurate to assume that the inhabitants of ‘Ishash Kum Ghurab belong to a …
The Expression Pattern Of Circulating Mir-590-3p As A Promising Diagnostic Biomarker For Early Detection Of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer, Heba Shawer
Theses and Dissertations
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most common type of ovarian tumors. The biomarkers, which are being used for EOC screening, have low sensitivity and specificity leading to late diagnosis and high mortality rate. Thus, identification of effective biomarkers for early diagnosis of ovarian cancer has become a high priority in research. Here we aim to address this problem by studying the expression of a potential molecular marker, miR-590-3p, in EOC. We examined the mRNA steady-state levels of various acknowledged biomarkers including cancer antigen-125 (CA125) which is being used for EOC screening, c-reactive protein (CRP) which expression was correlated with …
Survival Strategies And Coping Mechanisms Of Syrian Female Head Of Household In Egypt, Mirette Bahgat
Survival Strategies And Coping Mechanisms Of Syrian Female Head Of Household In Egypt, Mirette Bahgat
Theses and Dissertations
The objective of this research is to analyze the coping mechanisms that Syrian females head of household employ in Egypt in absence of survival strategies, and how different they are from the coping mechanisms employed by males head of household. The two questions I seek to answer through this research are : (1) What are the main challenges faced by Syrian female and male head of household in Egypt in five main areas: a. Safety and security b. Access to education c. Access to health services d. Social cohesion e. Access to economic opportunities and livelihoods (2) How do the …
Cantus Lamentus: Navigating Hiv Positive Mothers Subjectivities In Egypt Post 2011, Wesam Adel Hassan
Cantus Lamentus: Navigating Hiv Positive Mothers Subjectivities In Egypt Post 2011, Wesam Adel Hassan
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis explores the subjectivities of mothers living with HIV in relation to the exercised techniques of governing HIV and AIDS in Egypt. Drawing on the experiences of women living with HIV, in addition to the analysis of the National HIV Strategic frameworks and national media press articles, this thesis traces major events related to the bio-politics of HIV in Egypt post-2011. I conducted research with mothers living with HIV to explore how they perceived their individual experiences of living with HIV within the social and political context of Egypt post-2011. The research is an attempt to unravel glimpses of …