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An Investigative Study Toward The Development Of A Crosslinked Porcine Xenograft Meniscus Total Replacement, Patrick Ehren Barton
An Investigative Study Toward The Development Of A Crosslinked Porcine Xenograft Meniscus Total Replacement, Patrick Ehren Barton
Theses and Dissertations
Meniscus damage is very common and eventually leads to the deterioration of the entire knee joint. The goal of this study was to provide evidence that supports a proof of concept for a decellularized porcine meniscal xenograft to be used as a treatment method for meniscal injury as a partial or full meniscus transplant. This research adapted an antigen removal protocol for articular cartilage to produce decellularized xenografts in 48% of the time and with no significant difference in DNA content as other current methods. DNA and GAG content, and the compression moduli were significantly lower in the xenograft than …
Development Of Herbicide Tolerant Tomato, Gourav Sharma
Development Of Herbicide Tolerant Tomato, Gourav Sharma
Theses and Dissertations
Tomato is a major horticulture crop grown across the globe. Unfortunately, its yield is reduced by 25% because of auxin herbicides and glyphosate drift. In this present study, wild germplasm of tomato was screened for herbicide tolerance. From the greenhouse study nine accessions for glyphosate and 2,4-D, eleven accessions for dicamba, five accessions for quinclorac, eight accessions for aminocyclopyrachlor, and two accessions for picloram and aminopyralid were identified to be tolerant. A few accessions were selected from each herbicide tolerant group for field trials at two locations in Mississippi in 2016 and 2017. Results indicated that TOM18 was most tolerant …
Differences In Survival Of Heat Stress Adapted Cells Of Listeria Monocytogenes Egd (Bug600) In Disinfectants And Essential Oils, Amruta Udaysinh Jadhav
Differences In Survival Of Heat Stress Adapted Cells Of Listeria Monocytogenes Egd (Bug600) In Disinfectants And Essential Oils, Amruta Udaysinh Jadhav
Theses and Dissertations
The objective of this study was to investigate the differences in survival of L. monocytogenes EGD (Bug600) (serotype 1/2a) in various disinfectants and essential oils after sublethal heat stress at 48°C for 60 min. The survival of heat stressed L. monocytogenes cells was decreased in lethal acid (HCl or H3PO4 pH 2.5), lethal oxidative stress (H2O2 1000 ppm) and lethal quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC 2.5-3.5 ppm) compared to non-stressed control cells. By contrast, the survival of heat stressed L. monocytogenes cells was higher in lethal alkali (NaOH or KOH pH 12) than the control cells. Also, the survival of heat …
Epidemiology Of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli: Detection And Ecology In Beef Cattle Systems, Liesel J. Schneider
Epidemiology Of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli: Detection And Ecology In Beef Cattle Systems, Liesel J. Schneider
Theses and Dissertations
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) are important foodborne pathogens with a bovine reservoir. For many years, research and regulations have focused on the EHEC serogroup most commonly associated with severe human illness, EHEC O157. However, six additional EHEC serogroups have been identified as important human foodborne pathogens and have been declared adulterants in raw, non-intact ground beef by the United States Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety Inspection Service. Collectively these seven organisms are referred to as EHEC-7. With the addition of these six pathogens, epidemiological studies are needed to estimate the probability for cattle to carry them and to identify risk …
Field Methods, Sampling Strategies, Historical Documents, And Data Redundancy: A Study Of Historic Tenant Farmsteads In Leflore County, Mississippi, Jayson Jon Zoino
Field Methods, Sampling Strategies, Historical Documents, And Data Redundancy: A Study Of Historic Tenant Farmsteads In Leflore County, Mississippi, Jayson Jon Zoino
Theses and Dissertations
Historic tenant farmsteads are often thought to be redundant archaeological resources because of their limited temporal range and function which acts to limit the diversity of their archaeological assemblages. However, work has not been done that confirms this equivalence, and archaeologists often write off tenant farmsteads as being too modern or too disturbed to warrant investigation. This is a problematic approach as tenant farmsteads are quickly eroding from the American landscape and a representative sample of sites need to be investigated and preserved before they’re gone. This thesis tests different sampling strategies and field methods that may allow for the …
Formulation Of Whey Protein Stabilized Multilayered Microemulsion And Nanoemulsion Systems With Hyperoxidative Curcumin, Soma Mukherjee
Formulation Of Whey Protein Stabilized Multilayered Microemulsion And Nanoemulsion Systems With Hyperoxidative Curcumin, Soma Mukherjee
Theses and Dissertations
A primary emulsion with whey protein isolate (WPI) and hexanoic acid was prepared, and chitosan (Ch) (0.01%, 0.02%, and 0.03%) was added to evaluate its impact on particle size distribution of the emulsion. NaCl (0, 20, 40, and 80 mM) was added to increase ionic interactions to stabilize the multilayer emulsion. Lecithin (0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3 %, w/v) was mixed with the primary emulsion in order to form a multilayer, and casein hydrolysate (CH) was used to stabilize the tertiary emulsion system without the use of NaCl for 28 d at 4 °C. Stable O/W nanoemulsions were generated for use …
Controlling Forage Weed Species Detrimental To Livestock Production, David Pierce Russell
Controlling Forage Weed Species Detrimental To Livestock Production, David Pierce Russell
Theses and Dissertations
Among the vast diversity of plants in the mid-South to which grazing livestock are exposed, there is a need to address certain species that are potentially harmful to livestock health and production. Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted on endophyte-infected tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort = Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh.], a cool-season perennial forage, and perilla mint, (Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton) an herbaceous annual, to determine management techniques and control measures for healthier pasture and livestock systems. When seedheads reached maturity, spring and autumn glyphosate applications at 1.68 kg ae ha-1, coupled with autumn tillage and summer and winter …
A Correlation Study On Soil Selenium Content And Diabetes Mellitus In Contiguous United States, Yang-Chih Tsao
A Correlation Study On Soil Selenium Content And Diabetes Mellitus In Contiguous United States, Yang-Chih Tsao
Theses and Dissertations
Selenium, the essential trace element, is well known as its antioxidant function, antiviral properties, and its anti-inflammatory function to human health. The relationships between selenium status and diabetes mellitus have been widely studied, but the consistency of results is lacking. This study used diagnosed diabetes incidence from year 2004 to 2012 and soil selenium content by counties within 48 contiguous states in the U.S. with Generalized Linear Mixed Model- R-Side as the major statistical method to determine whether there is a significant correlation or not. Results showed that the diagnosed diabetes population had been increased from 2004 to 2012 for …
Quantitative Analysis Of The Accessibility Of Fresh Food For Mississippi Residents, Jessie Lee Hayden
Quantitative Analysis Of The Accessibility Of Fresh Food For Mississippi Residents, Jessie Lee Hayden
Theses and Dissertations
Food accessibility was determined for each Mississippi County, based on data obtained from the Retail Survey regarding common fruits and vegetables in available in food stores. Availability data were correlated with four social-economic/demographic variables: race, median household income, SNAP enrollment, and education. There were negative low magnitude correlations between percentages of Africans American and fresh fruit and vegetables availability, and percentages of SNAP benefits recipients and fresh fruit and vegetables availability. Positive low magnitude correlations were found between income and fresh fruit availability, and education and fruit availability. Lastly, moderate positive correlations were found between education and fruit availability and …
Senior Food Environments: Predicting Low Food Access And Developing Interventions For Seniors In Nonmetropolitan Counties, Joshua J. Turner
Senior Food Environments: Predicting Low Food Access And Developing Interventions For Seniors In Nonmetropolitan Counties, Joshua J. Turner
Theses and Dissertations
The continued growth of the nation’s older adult population will bring many societal challenges. One of these challenges deals with meeting this population’s basic needs. Among the most crucial basic needs in older adulthood is proper nutrition, which is heavily impacted by one’s ability to access adequate amounts of healthy foods. Extensive research has been conducted on low food access among diverse populations, but opportunities remain to expand upon this research by concentrating on the food access challenges facing the older adult population. The current study had a twoold purpose. First, this study aimed to serve a basic academic purpose …
The Effects Of Cover Crops And Tillage Method On Sweetpotato [Ipomoea Batatas (L.) Lam.] In North Mississippi., Jeffrey Len Main
The Effects Of Cover Crops And Tillage Method On Sweetpotato [Ipomoea Batatas (L.) Lam.] In North Mississippi., Jeffrey Len Main
Theses and Dissertations
Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) is a major food resource of much of the world. Sweetpotato production is damaging to the soils in which it is grown due to the nature of production and the condition the soil is left to overwinter. There is potential for future regulation on the production of sweetpotato as related to runoff and nonpoint source pollution as the sediment from runoff erosion is easy to pinpoint in nearby waterways. Two studies were carried out to determine the effect of a reduced tillage practice and cover crops on the accumulation of nutrients in cover crops and …
Does The Hispanic Paradox Extend To Morbidity Changes From 1997-2015?, Randall Brent Lee
Does The Hispanic Paradox Extend To Morbidity Changes From 1997-2015?, Randall Brent Lee
Theses and Dissertations
Through the lens of the Hispanic Paradox, this thesis examines healthy and unhealthy life expectancy changes occurring from 1997 to 2015 among Hispanics, non-Hispanic blacks, and non-Hispanic whites in the United States. The goal is to determine how Hispanics –disaggregated by nativity status– fare relative to other racial-ethnic groups in regard to changes in the percentage of total life expectancy that is lived in a healthy state (i.e. compression and expansion of morbidity). Using the Sullivan method, multi-state life tables were created with functional limitation prevalence data from the National Health Interview Survey. Results indicate that most subpopulation groups experienced …
Use Of Formative Research To Develop A Healthy Eating Social Marketing Campaign For Low Resource Families In Mississippi, Rahel Mathews
Use Of Formative Research To Develop A Healthy Eating Social Marketing Campaign For Low Resource Families In Mississippi, Rahel Mathews
Theses and Dissertations
Mississippi leads the nation in chronic disease, obesity, poverty, and food insecurity. Preventing further growth in disease rates, requires a cultural shift towards a ‘healthy eating’ environment. Healthy patterns of food consumption along with physical activity can prevent and reduce these rates. A state-wide ‘healthy eating’ social marketing campaign could motivate voluntary population behavioral change. Three different methodologies were used to develop a strategy for Mississippi: a systematic review of the literature, a state-wide phone survey (quantitative), and focus groups (qualitative). A systematic review of articles published since January 2007 was conducted, using PRISMA guidelines. Five databases were searched with …
Use Of Software Modeling Tools To Understand Population Health Dynamics: Application To Bovine Respiratory Disease In Us Beef Calves Prior To Weaning, Min Wang
Theses and Dissertations
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a significant health problem for cattle producers in terms of economic cost and animal welfare. In the United States (US), it is one of the leading causes of sickness and death in beef calves prior to weaning. Although much research has been conducted to develop vaccines for prevention and antibiotics for treatment, the morbidity and mortality of BRD in beef calves prior to weaning has not improved over the years. The identification of risk factors associated with BRD is an area of focus which might ultimately allow producers to minimize morbidity and mortality from BRD. …
In Vitro And In Vivo Effects Of An Encapsulated Butyric Acid And A Lactic Acid Producing Bacteria Used Alone Or In Combination, Dana Kristen Dittoe
In Vitro And In Vivo Effects Of An Encapsulated Butyric Acid And A Lactic Acid Producing Bacteria Used Alone Or In Combination, Dana Kristen Dittoe
Theses and Dissertations
Lactic acid producing bacteria (LAB) and organic acids have been proposed as effective alternatives to antibiotics, however there is limited literature concerning their combination. Thus, the objective of this thesis was to investigate the effects of LAB, encapsulated butyric acid (EBA), and their combination. Under challenged conditions, the in vitro study demonstrated that both EBA and LAB were capable of reducing pathogen proliferation over time, with greater efficacy at lower initial concentration. However, EBA demonstrated a greater effectiveness on pathogen reduction. Under challenged conditions, the results of the in vivo study indicated that birds fed LAB performed comparatively to that …
Incorporating Fermented By-Products Of Lactobacillus Diolivorans Sp. In Food Grade Coatings Designed For Inhibition Of Tyrophagus Putrescentiae On Dry-Cured Hams, Hector Asis Portillo
Incorporating Fermented By-Products Of Lactobacillus Diolivorans Sp. In Food Grade Coatings Designed For Inhibition Of Tyrophagus Putrescentiae On Dry-Cured Hams, Hector Asis Portillo
Theses and Dissertations
Distillate solutions that were derived from concentrated ferment were incorporated into either a carrageenan (CG) and propylene glycol alginate (PGA) gum blend or into a CG, PGA, and xanthan gum (XG) blend. Distillate treatments were compared against a 10% propylene glycol treatment, a gum only control, and negative control using three hams that were cut into 2.5 cm thick slices and then cut into 2.5×2.5×2.5cm cubes (n=50) that were dipped into solutions prior to conducting mite bioassays. Coated and control ham cubes were inoculated with 20 adult mites from the species T. putrescentiae (Schrank), and incubated for 2 and 3 …
Investigating Extra Hepatic Steroid And Eicosanoid Metabolizing Enzymes In Cattle, Megan Pauline Theresa Owen
Investigating Extra Hepatic Steroid And Eicosanoid Metabolizing Enzymes In Cattle, Megan Pauline Theresa Owen
Theses and Dissertations
Steroid and eicosanoid metabolism occurs in two phases and primarily within hepatic tissues, but localized metabolism has been examined in several extra-hepatic tissues in humans and rodents. Phase I of metabolism is performed by Cytochrome P450s (CYP) that add hydroxyl groups to the carbon ring structure which is further metabolized by phase II UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT). The overall objectives of the following experiments were to: 1) determine the amount of extra-hepatic steroid metabolism within reproductive tissues of cattle across the estrous cycle; 2) determine the amount of extra-hepatic steroid metabolism and an oxylipin profile within reproductive tissues of cattle based on …
Listeria Monocytogenes Response To Sublethal Sodium Hypochlorite Induced Oxidative Stress On Its Biofilm Forming Ability And Antibiotic Resistance, Mohit Bansal
Theses and Dissertations
Listeria monocytogenes response to oxidative stress by sublethal sodium hypochlorite was investigated in this study. Continuous exposure of sublethal chlorine influenced biofilm formation and stress adaptation (homologous and heterologous) in L. monocytogenes. The biofilm forming ability of oxidative stress adapted and control cells were investigated on polystyrene surface at 22°C and 37°C. The oxidative stress adapted cells were found to form less biofilm in the presence of chlorine (p < 0.10) when compared to non-treated control cells at both the temperatures. In addition, the biofilm forming ability of L. monocytogenes was reduced significantly at higher sublethal chlorine concentrations (p < 0.10). In conclusion, oxidative stress adapted L. monocytogenes has developed tolerance to chlorine and some of the antibiotics. However, oxidative stress those cells did demonstrate an antibiofilm effect. This demonstrates that oxidative stress reduces L. monocytogenes biofilm formation but can also increase antibiotic resistance.
Management Practices For Corn Producers Implementing Early Planting As A Production Strategy, Matthew W. Hock
Management Practices For Corn Producers Implementing Early Planting As A Production Strategy, Matthew W. Hock
Theses and Dissertations
Producers choosing to implement an early corn planting management strategy often experience several yield limiting biotic and abiotic factors. Field variability, flooding, sub-optimal soil temperatures which leads to poor nutrient uptake, delayed emergence and reduced root growth can limit grain production. Three separate experiments were conducted to address some of the negative effects associated with early corn planting. Experiment 1 evaluated flooding effects on several morpho-physiological traits including root system architecture during early crop development. Hybrids (DKC 6208, Pioneer 1197) were flooded at planting (V0) and growth stages V1, V2, V3 for 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 96 hours. Plants …
Genome Maintenance By Selenoprotein H In The Nucleolus, Li Zhang
Genome Maintenance By Selenoprotein H In The Nucleolus, Li Zhang
Theses and Dissertations
Selenoprotein H (SELENOH) is a nucleolar oxidoreductase with DNA binding properties whose function is not well understood. To determine the functional and physiological roles of SELENOH, a knockout of SELENOH was generated in cell lines using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genomic deletion and in mice by targeted disruption. Based on the sequenced genome, the results of deduced protein sequences indicated various forms of mutants in the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout, including a frame-shift by aberrant splicing and truncated SELENOH by early termination of the translation process. Loss of SELENOH in HeLa cells induced slow cell proliferation, the formation of giant multinucleated cells, accumulation of unrepaired …
Experimental Development Of Paleoproxies : Investigation Into Anaerobic Conditions And The Amorphous Calcium Carbonate Precursor For Carbonate Minerals, Brittany M. Garner
Experimental Development Of Paleoproxies : Investigation Into Anaerobic Conditions And The Amorphous Calcium Carbonate Precursor For Carbonate Minerals, Brittany M. Garner
Theses and Dissertations
Carbonate geochemistry plays an important role in understanding environmental conditions during the time of precipitation. The studies for this dissertation research were focused on carbonate precipitation and crystallization in different chemical and physical environments. The first project aimed to precipitate aragonite at low oxygen levels to identify a correlation between partitioning of trace elements and anoxic and suboxic conditions. The second study focused on the precipitation of amorphous calcium carbonate in varying magnesium concentrations to determine the identity of crystalline material after transformation of ACC. Lastly, the third project was developed to understand transformation of CaCO3 polymorphs. Specifically, whether or …
Human-Bear Interactions Among Black Bears In Bryce Canyon National Park, Utah, And Polar Bears On Alaska's North Slope, Wesley G. Larson
Human-Bear Interactions Among Black Bears In Bryce Canyon National Park, Utah, And Polar Bears On Alaska's North Slope, Wesley G. Larson
Theses and Dissertations
Human-bear interactions are an important consideration of bear biology, as interactions can lead to destruction of property as well as injury or death for both human and bear. Successful analysis of why these interactions occur can lead to appropriate preventative measures and mitigation of further conflict. Bryce Canyon National Park (BRCA) is comprised of relatively poor bear habitat, but a black bear population exists on the Paunsaugunt Plateau, on which the park occupies the eastern edge. Park managers expressed interest in learning more about bear movements and, specifically, bear use of anthropogenic features following a number of human-bear incidents located …
Association Between Latent Toxoplasma Gondii Infection And Alzheimer's Disease, Cynthia Elizabeth Wyman
Association Between Latent Toxoplasma Gondii Infection And Alzheimer's Disease, Cynthia Elizabeth Wyman
Theses and Dissertations
Introduction: Many studies have found an association between Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity and behavioral and cognitive changes in animal models and in humans. In addition, early findings have suggested an association between T. gondii seropositivity and Alzheimer's disease (AD). We sought to determine whether there is an association between T. gondii seropositivity and AD as well as cognitive functioning (including memory, working memory, processing speed, language functioning, executive functioning) in a large, well-characterized sample of subjects with AD and matched controls without dementia. Method: Using ELISA assays, we determined anti-T. gondii IgG antibody titers in 114 control subjects and in 105 …
Response Inhibition To High Calorie Food Cues Among Adolescents Following Active And Sedentary Video Game Play Using A Go/No-Go Task: A Randomized Crossover Study, Joshua L. Smith
Theses and Dissertations
Sedentary behaviors, such as leisure time computer use and sedentary video games, are significant barriers to regular physical activity and contribute to high rates of overweight and obesity among adolescents. Sedentary screen time can adversely affect food intake and food selection. Active video games may be a promising way of increasing daily physical activity levels among adolescents. Active video games may help modulate response inhibition and food intake. PURPOSE: Compare the effects of an acute bout of active and sedentary video gaming on N2 amplitudes (while viewing high calorie and low calorie images), Stroop Color Word Test (Stroop test) performance …
Association Between Hispanic Parents' Attitudes And Knowledge Regarding Obesity And Their Children's Body Mass Index: Implications For The Development Of Obesity, Renee Starr
Theses and Dissertations
According to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2017), more than 1.9 billion adults age 18 and older are overweight and over 650 million are obese. Data collected through the Centers for Disease Control indicates the prevalence of U.S. adults who are overweight and obese is estimated at 36.5% and the national childhood obesity rate is more than 12.7 million (17%), with approximately one in six school-aged children reaching the obesity level (Ogden, Carroll, Fryar, & Flegal, 2015). Hispanic children have the highest levels of obesity among all racial/ethnic groups (21.9%) and obesity rates are especially prevalent among impoverished Hispanics residing …
Acetobacter Fabarum Genes Influencing Drosophila Melanogaster Phenotypes, Kylie Makay White
Acetobacter Fabarum Genes Influencing Drosophila Melanogaster Phenotypes, Kylie Makay White
Theses and Dissertations
Research in our lab has predicted hundreds of bacterial genes that influence nine different traits in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. As a practical alternative to creating site-directed mutants for each of the predicted genes, we created an arrayed transposon insertion library using a strain of Acetobacter fabarum DsW_054 isolated from fruit flies. Creation of the Acetobacter fabarum DsW_054 gene knock-out library was done through random transposon insertion, combinatorial mapping and Illumina sequencing. Successful mapping of transposon insertion was achieved for 6418 mutants with hits within 63% of annotated genes within Acetobacter fabarum DsW_054. Insertion sites were verified in …
Association Between Latent Toxoplasma Gondii Infection And Alzheimer's Disease, Cynthia Elizabeth Wyman
Association Between Latent Toxoplasma Gondii Infection And Alzheimer's Disease, Cynthia Elizabeth Wyman
Theses and Dissertations
Introduction: Many studies have found an association between Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity and behavioral and cognitive changes in animal models and in humans. In addition, early findings have suggested an association between T. gondii seropositivity and Alzheimer's disease (AD). We sought to determine whether there is an association between T. gondii seropositivity and AD as well as cognitive functioning (including memory, working memory, processing speed, language functioning, executive functioning) in a large, well-characterized sample of subjects with AD and matched controls without dementia. Method: Using ELISA assays, we determined anti-T. gondii IgG antibody titers in 114 control subjects and in …
Using Remote Cameras To Estimate The Abundance Of Ungulates, Jace C. Taylor
Using Remote Cameras To Estimate The Abundance Of Ungulates, Jace C. Taylor
Theses and Dissertations
Many wildlife populations globally are experiencing unprecedented declines, and without accurate and precise estimates of abundance, we will not be able to conserve these vulnerable species. Remote cameras have rapidly advanced as wildlife monitoring tools and may provide accurate and precise estimates of abundance that improve upon traditional methods. Using remote cameras to estimate abundance may be less expensive, less intrusive, less dangerous, and less time consuming than other methods. While it is apparent that remote cameras have a place in the future of wildlife monitoring, research, and management, many questions remain concerning the proper use of these tools. In …
Assembly, Annotation And Optical Mapping Of The A Subgenome Of Avena, Rebekah Ann Lee
Assembly, Annotation And Optical Mapping Of The A Subgenome Of Avena, Rebekah Ann Lee
Theses and Dissertations
Common oat (Avena) has held a significant place within the global crop community for centuries; although its cultivation has decreased over the past century, its nutritional benefits have recently garnered increased interest for human consumption. No published reference sequences are available for any of the three oat subgenomes. Here we report a quality sequence assembly, annotation and hybrid optical map of the A-genome diploid Avena atlantica Baum and Fedak. The assembly is composed of a total of 3,417 contigs with an N50 of 11.86 Mb and an estimated completeness of 97.6%. This genome sequence will be a valuable research tool …
A Strategic Communication Plan For The Florida Tech Wellness Committee, Anushka Karina Boyd
A Strategic Communication Plan For The Florida Tech Wellness Committee, Anushka Karina Boyd
Theses and Dissertations
With rising healthcare costs, it is critical for corporate wellness to be prevalent in the workplace in order to assist employees and their family members to make healthy lifestyle choices. The materials provided in the following design project serve as a guide for the Florida Institute of Technology Wellness Committee in the form of a strategic communication plan. For the Wellness Committee to succeed and have a more profound presence on campus, missions, goals, and objectives must be set in place. In addition, to efficiently make use of their time, the Office of Human Resources staff members should set tasks …