Digital Commons Network^™

Use Of Formative Research To Inform Family-Based Approaches To Prevent Prescription Opioid Misuse Among Mississippians, Mary Nelson Robertson

Theses and Dissertations

The United States is in the midst of an opioid epidemic, which is leading to approximately 130 deaths each day. While research on family-based approaches for substance misuse prevention, such as alcohol and tobacco prevention, has been conducted, few if any studies have focused on prescription opioid misuse prevention. Previous literature suggests that a comprehensive family-based approach can be effective in preventing substance misuse at the family-level. Considering the multiple age groups the sandwich generation cares for, the sandwich generation may have greater access to reaching multiple age groups to prevent prescription opioid misuse. Therefore, the purpose of this study …

Vegetable, Dietary Fiber Consumption And Obesity In Japan And The United States, Megumi Hashida

Theses and Dissertations

The US and Japanese populations do not meet recommended DF intakes. This study indicated the relationship between the variety of vegetables available in markets and vegetable consumption in the US and Japan. The number of vegetables available in markets was determined using online resources from five markets in each country. Mean number of vegetable products in the US was 104.4 products (SD: ±36.8) and mean number of vegetable products in the Japanese markets was 120.2 products (SD: ±15.6). There was no significant relationship between the variety of vegetables in markets and vegetable consumption between the US and Japan. This study …

How The Dogface Got Its Color: How Genetics And The Environment Influence Color Variation Within And Between Species In The Zerene Butterfly, Jennifer Fenner

Theses and Dissertations

A fundamental question in biology is: How is variation generated? At a basic level, the vast amount of variation and biodiversity is generated through a combination of genetic and environmental processes. Traditionally these processes were treated independently, but recently fields such as evolutionary development have worked to unify our understanding of these mechanisms and to investigate how these processes interact with each other to generate variation. Developmental plasticity provides a fantastic framework for studying how genetic and environmental (GxE) interactions shape and maintain natural variation. Butterflies and their wing color patterns have long been model systems for plasticity. This dissertation …

Impact Of Refrigerated Storage On The Dissipation Of Woody Broiler Breast Meat, Michael Byron

Theses and Dissertations

Chicken breast samples, (n=90; n=30 normal, n=30 moderate woody breast (WB), n=30 severe WB) were collected from a commercial processing plant on 5 separate occasions. After 5 days of storage at 2-4 ºC, 84% of severe WB fillets dissipated to moderate WB, which was greater (P<0.05) than all other storage times. In comparison, 40-52% of the moderate WB fillets dissipated to slight WB or normal breasts after 3 to 5 days of storage. Shear force was greater (P<0.05) for normal breast meat than moderate and severe WB meat on day 0. After 2, 3, 4, and 5 days of storage the upper position (cranial part) of severe WB had greater shear force than normal fillets (P<0.05). Therefore, the dissipation that occurred in woody breast meat over refrigerated storage was apparent through palpation but did not result in improved texture in the cranial portion of the breast, based on shear force results.

Evaluation Of Health, Production Parameters, Time To First Detected Estrus, And Behavior In Dairy Cows Treated With Pegbovigrastim, Mauricio Xavier Da Silva Oliveira

Theses and Dissertations

Pegbovigrastim injection (IMR) represents a new approach in overcoming mastitis. The objective of this study was to evaluate production parameters, overall health, time to first detected heat, and behavior of cows treated with IMR or a saline control. Study cows (n = 270) were blocked by parity group (multiparous or primiparous) and randomly assigned to control (CON, n = 144) or treatment (IMR, n = 126). Milk yield, fat, protein, lactose, solids nonfat percent, somatic cell count, and body condition, hygiene, and lameness were evaluated weekly. Animals were evaluated for metritis twice weekly via evaluation of rectal temperature, per rectum …

Evaluation Of Chemical, Physical, And Sensory Properties Of Tortillas Prepared From Nixtamalized Oats, Andrea Boza Arauz

Theses and Dissertations

Background and objectives: While alkaline nixtamalization has historically been used for corn, this process may have application in other cereals. Drawbacks to wider use include the lengthy steep time, as well as the volume of alkaline wastewater produced. This study evaluated a novel, waste-effluent-free nixtamalization process for oat (Avena sativa) masa, and compared properties of oat masa and tortillas prepared with 1, 1.5 and 2% lime, with and without steeping. Findings: A minimal water-addition, 45-min, simmering process, without steeping, was effluent-free, and produced oat tortillas comparable to those produced using a traditional overnight steep. The pH increased significantly with increasing …

Inclusion Of Kinetic Proteomics In Multi-Omics Methods To Analyze Calorie Restriction Effects On Aging, Richard Hajime Carson

Theses and Dissertations

One of the greatest risk factors for disease is advanced age. As the human lifespan has increased, so too have the burdens of caring for an increasingly older population suffering from rising rates of cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, diabetes, and dementia. The need for improving medical technology and developing new therapies for age-related diseases is manifest. Yet our understanding of the processes of aging and how to attenuate the effects of aging remains incomplete. Various studies have established calorie restriction as a robust method for extending lifespan in laboratory organisms; however the mechanism is a topic of much debate. Advancing …

A Male-Female Genotype-By-Genotype Interaction Mediates The Effect Of Mating On Female Immunity In Decorated Crickets, Kylie J. Hampton

Theses and Dissertations

Sexually antagonistic coevolution should lead to the rapid divergence of male and female genotypes related to the effects of ejaculatory substances on female physiology. Hence, the outcome of mating should depend on an interaction between male and female genotypes. Although mating has been shown to influence female immune responses in diverse insect taxa, a male-female genotype-by-genotype effect on female immunity post-mating remains largely unexplored. Here, we investigate both the effects of mating on female immunity and the potential for a male-by-female genotype interaction on the form and magnitude of this response in decorated crickets. Females from three distinct genotypic backgrounds …

Methods And Application For Tracking Seedling Fate On The Utah Test And Training Range, Jesse Randal Morris

Theses and Dissertations

Remote sensing of the environment has become an effective and useful research approach applied across a wide range of scientific and professional disciplines. Generally remote sensing is used to evaluate patterns and processes at broad spatio-temporal scales, such as classifying landscape vegetation patterns or for creating digital surface models, however, there are increasing opportunities to expand the use of remotely sensed information to a wider range of applications at variable spatial and temporal scales. In the field of plant seedling and germination research methods are needed to improve plant establishment and restoration monitoring, particularly in areas that have historically low …

American Black Bears (Ursus Americanus) Of The Paunsaugunt Plateau: Movements And Habitat Use, Rebekah Adriana Castro Dungan

Theses and Dissertations

Concerns over human-bear conflict and questions about the ecology of Paunsaugunt Plateau's population of black bears (Ursus americanus) arose due to their visitation to popular recreation sites. Greater insight about bears and their habitat use provides a foundation for conflict mitigation and effective management decisions. Between 2014 and 2017, seventeen black bears (11 female, 6 male) were fitted with global positioning system (GPS) radio-collars so that we could track their locations, daily activity patterns, and ambient temperatures. By analyzing bear locations, we calculated annual and seasonal home ranges for 16 bears, including 25 den sites. Home ranges typically consisted of …

Reading Fluency And Gonoodle© Brain Breaks Among Elementary-Aged Children, Hannah Jeanne Wold

Theses and Dissertations

This study examines the immediate and chronic effects of physical activity (PA) breaks on reading fluency. While many teachers recognize the value of PA for increasing engagement and focus (getting the wiggles out) in academic endeavors, these results reveal increases in academic achievement in reading fluency are also possible.This study examines 384 second and third grade students with low income backgrounds from the Rocky Mountain region. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to examine the effects of chronic and acute brain breaks via GoNoodle© (McQuigg, 2013) on reading fluency and physical activity (steps). Between group differences were further …

Roli Dhe Rëndësia E Kompleksit Të Vitaminave B, Almire Shala

Theses and Dissertations

Vitaminat janë substanca organike, të përhapura në të gjitha ushqimet, si tek bimët, shtazët dhe mikroorganizmat ndërsa njeriu i merr ato nëpërmjet ushqimit. Vitaminat kanë rëndësi të madhe sepse ruajnë dhe mirëmbajnë metabolizmin e organizmit, janë thelbësore për të gjitha funksionet e organizmit përfshirë metabolizmin, rigjenerimin e indeve dhe mirëmbajtjen e shëndetit të njeriut si pjesë aktive e metabolizmit të organizmit. Qëllimi kryesor i punimit ka qenë analizimi i vitaminave B kompleks, roli dhe rëndësisa që kan këto vitamina në organizëm.

Materiali i përdorur për këtë punim është siguruar kryesisht nga interneti, nga faqja me e madhe e publikimeve mjekësore …

Kujdesi Infermieror Te Të Sëmurët Me Cirrozë Të Mëlçisë, Hidajete Baftiu

Theses and Dissertations

Ciroza e mëlçisë është një sëmundje kronike që karakterizohet nga një nekrozë e përhapur e qelizave hepatike, kolaps dhe fibrozë e stromës retikulare, rigjenerim nodular i qelizave të mbetura dhe insuficiencës hepatike. Nga kjo rrjedhë se gjatë kësaj sëmundjeje zhvillohën katër procese patoanatomike: 1. Nekroza hepatocelulare, 2. Formimi i shiritave fibrozë, 3. Regjenerimi nodular dhe si pasojë e tyre zhvillohet më pas edhe 4. Çrregullimi i qarkullimit në mëlçi.

Karakteristikë kryesore e kësaj sëmundjeje është dëmtimi ireverzibil i parenhimës së mëlçisë, me rrjedhje deri te fibroza e saj dhe formimi i noduseve. Si pasojë e këtyre ndryshimeve, vjen deri të …

Kujdesi Infermieror Tek Të Sëmurët Me Anemi Sideropenike, Zejnepe Zeqiri

Theses and Dissertations

Anemia paraqet uljen e numrave të eritrociteve në qarkullimin e gjakut, ulje e sasisë së gjakut në trup dhe sasi e zvogluar e hemoglobinës në eritrocite, që natyrisht shkon edhe me ulje të hematokritit.

Eritrocitet janë qeliza të gjakut që shërbejnë për transportimin e oksigjenit dhe dioksidit të karbonit në trupin e njeriut.

Anemia nuk është një sëmundje në vetvete por përshkruan një gjendje organizmi, domethënë ekzistenca e asaj sëmundje. Anemia mund të jetë sëmundje shumë e lodhshme dhe e rëndë për pacientin dhe mund të ndikojë seriozisht në jetën e pacientit.

Në punim do të diskutohet klasifikimi i anemive, …

Effects Of Video Technology On Cooking Self-Efficacy, Zakary Kaesberg

Theses and Dissertations

College students, on average, have poor nutritional habits associated with increasing risk of obesity and chronic disease later in life. Today’s average student has low self-efficacy for cooking meals in the home and thus, is highly dependent on convenience-type food items. A valuable technique for improving cooking skill in individuals is through the use of video technology to teach cooking. Undergraduate students are likely Millennials, and prefer to use technology for learning purposes. The objective of this study was to test the effect of video technology on cooking self-efficacy in undergraduate college students living off-campus at a public Midwestern University. …

Histological Evidence Of Annual And Lunar Reproductive Rhythms Of Atlantic Sea Urchin, Arbacia Punctulata In The Gulf Of Mexico: Changes In Nutritive Phagocytes In Relation To Gametogenesis, Eleazar Hernandez Ii

Theses and Dissertations

Environmental phenomena such as temperature, photoperiod, tidal cycle, and lunar rhythm act as external cues that stimulate the reproductive activity of marine organisms. In this study, I report the annual and lunar reproductive cycles, and changes in nutritive phagocytes (NPs) in relation to gonadal maturation of Atlantic sea urchin (Arbacia punctulata, a primeval species). Monthly and weekly changes in gonadal development/maturation were observed histologically. In male, the testicular lobules were densely packed with sperm from June to August. In female, on the other hand, mature eggs first appeared in some ovaries in May, numerically increased from June to …

Maintaining Skeletal Muscle Through Eccentric Exercise After Bariatric Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Joshua Jed Kelley

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: To investigate the effects of eccentric exercise on lower body skeletal muscle mass during rapid body mass loss induced by bariatric surgery. Methods: All participants began 6 to 8 weeks after undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Skeletal muscle mass (SMM) in the lower body was measured via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); additional exercise measurements included muscular strength and functional capacity. Quality of life was measured using Short Form 36 (SF-36). Nineteen females (age = 37.6 ± 9.8 yr, height = 164.4 ± 7.2 cm, mass = 106.9 ± 15.6 kg) were randomly assigned to 1 …

The Correlation Among Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors, Hemodynamics, And Arterial Elasticity In Hispanic College Students, Paloma J. Mendoza

Theses and Dissertations

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation among MetS risk factors, hemodynamics, and arterial elasticity in Hispanic students attending The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley.

RESULTS: Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and fasting glucose (GLU) were the only components of MetS that had a significant correlation with large arterial elasticity (SPB: males: -.477 and females: -.503; DBP: females: -.300; p

CONCLUSION: MetS risk factors significantly correlated with both arterial elasticity and hemodynamic components. Uniquely in this population, waist circumference and systemic vascular resistance was reversely associated.

Viability Of Wetland Crops For Use In Treatment Wetlands: Nitrogen Removal From Water And Production Of Food, Andrew Denson Corder

Theses and Dissertations

Treatment wetlands are used to treat wastewater from a variety of sources, but their functionality depends on the macrophytes present therein. To better understand the viability of wetland macrophytes both as sources of food and as agents of nitrogen removal from wastewater, this study quantified plant growth, food production, and nitrogen removal capacity of three common wetland crops as well as three locally dominant graminoid species in a variety of relevant ecological contexts. All six plant species and a control were grown over a ten-week period in three related experiments: (1) under three moisture regimes, (2) with or without competition …

Aspects Of Engaging Problem Contexts From Students' Perspectives, Tamara Kay Stark

Theses and Dissertations

Aspects of Engaging Problem Contexts From Students' PerspectivesTamara Kay Gandolph StarkDepartment of Mathematics Education, BYUMaster of ArtsToo many students have negative feelings towards mathematics which is causing them to disengage in their classrooms. This has led to student under-achievement. This study attempts to better understand how teachers can help students to reengage with mathematics by using more engaging contexts to develop mathematical content. The study began with the characteristics realistic, worthwhile, enjoyable or motivating as a framework for posing engaging problem contexts, which were synthesized from the current research literature. As students discussed what made contexts engaging, my understanding of …

Physical Activity Level And Insulin Resistance In 6,500 Nhanes Adults: The Role Of Abdominal Obesity, James R Fowler

Theses and Dissertations

OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study investigated insulin resistance (IR) variation across physical activity (PA) levels in U.S. adults. METHODS: MET-minutes were utilized to quantify PA using 2 methods: 4 categories were based on relative MET-minutes, and 5 were based on U.S. PA guidelines. IR was indexed using the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA). Effect modification was tested by dividing waist circumferences into sex-specific quartiles, and then evaluating the relationship between PA and HOMA-IR within each quartile separately. RESULTS: Relative PA was associated with HOMA-IR after controlling for demographic and demographic and lifestyle covariates (F = 11.5, P < 0.0001 and F = 6.0, P = 0.0012, respectively). Adjusting for demographic and demographic and lifestyle covariates also revealed relationships between guideline-based PA and HOMA-IR (F = 8.0, P < 0.0001 and F = 4.9, P = 0.0017, respectively). Controlling for waist circumference with the other covariates nullified the relationship between PA and HOMA-IR. Effect modification testing showed that when the sample was delimited to adults with extra-large waists (Quartile 4), relative (F = 5.6, P = 0.0019), and guideline-based PA (F = 3.7, P = 0.0098) and HOMA-IR were related. PA and HOMA-IR were not related within the other quartiles. CONCLUSION: High levels of PA may play a meaningful role in glucose and insulin metabolism in those with abdominal obesity, but not in adults with smaller waists.

Effect Of Clinical Education On Child Obesity Biomarkers In Children Visiting A Pediatric Clinic In South Texas, Patricia Lopez

Theses and Dissertations

Obesity in children and adolescents is a serious public health problem, not only in the United States, but throughout all the countries around the world. Obesity can be easily detected and prevented. Education concerning over the dangers of obesity is the key to leading along and healthy life. It can also help maintain normal levels of BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, high-density lipoproteins, glucose and insulin. The main objective of this research is to study the effect of clinical education on child obesity biomarkers in children visiting a pediatric clinic in South Texas. To …

Niveli I Njohurive Të Lehonave Të Trajtuara Në Spitalin E Pejës, Rreth Rëndësisë Së Gjidhënies, Vatra Hajdini

Theses and Dissertations

Qumështi i gjirit posedon të gjitha lëndët ushqyese që foshnjat kanë nevojë për shëndet të mirë dhe rritje. Ushqyerja me gji nuk nënkupton vetëm ushqimin e fëmiut por edhe ndjenjën e mbrojtjes, sigurisë, dashurisë dhe stimulimin social te vazhdueshëm tek fëmiu, i cili ushqehet me gjirin e nënës, me ç’rast mendohet se këta faktorë ndikojnë në zhvillimin psikologjik të shëndoshë të fëmiut. Në vitin 1991 OBSH, UNICEFI, e kompletojnë programin e vet për promovimin e gjidhënies me programin, “Spitali mik i foshnjës” dhe përkrahin 10 hapat e parë për gjidhënie të suksesshme. Lexuesit, nënat e reja ,dhe nënat me lindje …

We Can Get There: Understanding The High School Experience Of Latin@S In A Large Suburban School District, Octavio Rodriguez

Theses and Dissertations

Success in school is something that every student tries and accomplishes in different ways, but this is not a simple matter of just demonstrating academic success. Students may have the best grades, but if they do not master the “college student” (Collier, Morgan, 2004) role, many students may not succeed. When students master this role, it will help them understand the different expectations professors may have and then will be able to apply their academic skills effectively and help them meet these expectations. This is something that many students know and understand, and this information is not passed on to …

Exploring The Relationship Between Members Of Lifelong Learning Institutes And Host Institutions, Jon Charles Neidy

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between an individual’s involvement in Lifelong Learning Institutes (LLIs) and his or her propensity for philanthropic giving to the institute or its hosting college or university. The dataset was acquired through a survey administered to eleven Osher Lifelong Learning Institutes (OLLIs) in the United States. Data analysis was conducted on seven research questions which explored how the length, type, and frequency of participation, as well as the level satisfaction, commitment, and feelings of community may relate to an LLI participant’s inclination to donate. The findings of this study reveal these …

Reproducibility And The Effects Of Exercise On The Endurance Index, Michael Dean Smith, Jr.

Theses and Dissertations

Background: The Endurance Index (EI%) is a method to objectively assess a muscle’s ability to resist fatigue. The purpose of these studies was to determine the reproducibility of the EI% and determine the influence of muscular fatigue on the EI%. Methods Study 1: sixteen apparently healthy participants (18-30yrs) completed three nonconsecutive visits each with 3 bouts of 5-minute electrical muscle stimulations (EMS) and accelerometer-based mechanomyography (aMMG) of the vastus lateralis at 4 Hz and low amperage (25-35mA) on the hamstrings of the dominant leg; peak torque was measured at each visit. Study 2: fifteen apparently healthy participants (ages 18-30yrs) …

Studimi I Aflatoxinës M1 Në Qumësht Dhe Në Produktet E Qumështit, Era Bruçi

Theses and Dissertations

Aflatoksinat janë mykotoksina me interes të madh për industrinë e qumështit. Duke pasur parasysh faktin se aflatoksinat mykotoksinat M1 mund të shkaktojnë efekte toksike të quajtur mikotoksikozë. Është raportuar se mykotoksinat janë kancerogjene, tumorigjenike dhe shkaktar të sëmundjeve të lëkurës, në një numër të madh të organizmave dhe shkaktojnë karcinoma hepatike te njerëzit. Ky studim synon të identifikojë sasinë e mykotoksinave M1 në produktet e qumështit të përdorura nga konsumatorët në Republikën e Kosovës. Sipas rezultateve të marra nga analizat e mostrave të qumështit të përpunuar, kemi arritur në konkluzionin se përmbajtja e aflatoksinës M1 në të gjitha llojet e …

Studimi I Umgj-Ve Në Republikën E Kosovës Veçanërisht Tek Misri I Importuar Dhe Vendor, Diellëz Arifi

Theses and Dissertations

Organizmat e modifikuar gjenetikisht janë ushqime të prodhuara nga organizmat që kanë pësuar ndryshime në ADN-në e tyre duke përdorur metodat e inxhinierisë gjenetike dhe biologjisë molekulare. Kulturat apo kultivarët e modifikuar gjenetikisht janë projektuar për rezistencë ndaj patogjenëve dhe herbicideve, për të shtuar veti më të mira ushqyese, për të fituar më shumë ekonomikisht dhe për të humbur më pak etj. Në këtë studim janë analizuar disa mostra nga prodhues të ndryshëm (vendor dhe të jashtëm), kultivarët e të cilëve përbëjnë një përqindje të madhe në të ushqyerit bazë në RKS, sidomos në vendet rurale dhe veçanërisht kjo lëndë …

Roli I Infermierit Në Kujdesin E Pacientëve Me Diabet Melit Tipi 2, Albina Krasniqi

Theses and Dissertations

Diabeti është një sëmundje e perhapur në të gjithë botën dhe shifrat flasin në rritje të vazhdueshme të njerezve të prekur nga kjo sëmundje. Gjithnjë e më shumë është në rritje numri i faktoreve të rinjë të rrezikut për diabetin, faktorët madhor të rrezikut për këtë sëmundje kronike mbeten faktor tradicional si: mosha, dhjamosja, inaktiviteti fizikë, faktoret diabetic, historia familjare për diabet dhe prania e faktorëve të tjerë kardiometabolik të rriskut. [1]. Qëllimi i këtij punimi është të përshkruaj trajtimin dhe kujdesin infermieror tek pacientet me DM si dhe edukimi për sëmundjen. Në këtë punim hulumtohen të dhëna për moshën, …

Ushqyeshmëria Dhe Aktivitetet Fizike Te Të Rinjtë, Hazbije Hasani

Theses and Dissertations

Ky punim shqyrton gjendjen ushqyese të të rinjeve si dhe shprehin e aktivitetit fizik. Ushqyeshmëria është një proces nëpërmjet të cilit merren dhe përdoren nga organizmi elementet kryesore të ushqimit. Aktiviteti fizik përcaktohet si qdo lëvizje trupore e prodhuar nga muskujt skeletor që kërkon shpenzim të energjisë. Qëllimi i punimit është të vlerësojë raportin ndërmjet ushqyeshmërisë dhe aktivitetit fizik, si dhe rëndësinë që të rinjët i kushtojnë këtyre dy aspekteve në përditshmëri. Metodologjia: Qasja në këtë punim ishte kuantitativ. Grumbullimi i të dhënave është përmes pyetsorëve të strukturuar me 14 pyetje të mbyllura ku qytetaret kanë pasur mundësi të zgjedhin …