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Articles 1021 - 1050 of 14985
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
A Multivariate Analysis Of Coliform Microbial Dynamics And Intervention Efficacy In A Complex Ready-To-Eat (Rte) Beef Value Stream, Benjamin Adam Miles
A Multivariate Analysis Of Coliform Microbial Dynamics And Intervention Efficacy In A Complex Ready-To-Eat (Rte) Beef Value Stream, Benjamin Adam Miles
Theses and Dissertations
A complex multi-vector processed beef value stream was biomapped and work-in-process (WIP) was sampled at various processing points that affected the product microbiome. Coliform Petrifilm™ was used to analyze samples qualitatively and quantitatively across the meat and glaze vectors. There was an impact (p≤0.05) of the glaze distribution system on coliforms. The pumps of the glaze system were fully disassembled and additional microbial data were obtained through swabbing. WIP and sponge samples were subjected to 16S V1/V2 gene amplification with primers designed for taxonomic identification. Sequencing was conducted on the Illumina MiSeq platform and bioinformatics were developed in QIIME 2 …
Durability Of 34-Year-Old Preservative Treated Test Structures In Mississippi, Brianna A. Duquette
Durability Of 34-Year-Old Preservative Treated Test Structures In Mississippi, Brianna A. Duquette
Theses and Dissertations
Boron treated test houses at Mississippi State University’s Dorman Lake test site in Starkville, MS were built in 1989 to investigate the effectiveness of boron treatments with exposure to natural weathering. After being undisturbed for more than 20 years, samples were taken to evaluate the remaining levels of original treatments in the test houses. Visual evaluation of the test structures, curcumin test, and ICP-MS analysis of the borate content shows borates are a capable and effective long-term treatment for wood used in construction. No appreciable damage due to termite feeding was observed. Boron was still detectable by curcumin staining and …
Ultrasonographic Appearance Of The Spleen Of Growing Kittens Using A High Frequency Linear Transducer, Catana M. Capps
Ultrasonographic Appearance Of The Spleen Of Growing Kittens Using A High Frequency Linear Transducer, Catana M. Capps
Theses and Dissertations
A reticulonodular splenic pattern is commonly associated with neoplastic or infectious etiologies. However, this has been described as an age-related variant in both humans and dogs, likely representing lymphoid follicles. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the ultrasonographic appearance of the spleens of growing kittens mimics the canine presentation. This was a prospective, descriptive study design. Healthy kittens up to 18 months old were scanned using a high frequency linear transducer. A reticulonodular pattern was present in (89%) of spleens. After 4 months of age, there was an overall negative correlation with age and the grade of …
Time After Time: Deciphering Structural Violence And Vulnerability Using Postmortem Recovery Time Data And Demographics Throughout The Southeast Region Of The United States, Elise J. Adams
Theses and Dissertations
Over the last few decades, forensic anthropological research has made significant strides in developing better methods for decedent identification and increasing the accuracy of time since death/postmortem interval (PMI) estimations within medicolegal contexts. Until recently however, there has been little emphasis placed on how socioeconomic considerations might be connected, especially regarding recovery times for individuals from various demographic backgrounds. Using intersectional and biocultural frameworks and data collected from forensic anthropologists and medicolegal labs throughout the Southeastern US, this research aims to decipher the role that inequality, through instances of social vulnerability and structural violence, plays in recovery time data throughout …
Silvicultural Strategies For Converting Longleaf Pine Plantations To Multi-Aged Stands With Groundcover Species Restoration In Georgia, Usa, Gabriel F. Nyen
Silvicultural Strategies For Converting Longleaf Pine Plantations To Multi-Aged Stands With Groundcover Species Restoration In Georgia, Usa, Gabriel F. Nyen
Theses and Dissertations
For some forest landowners in the southern USA, multiple ecological and economic objectives are met through the conversion of longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) plantations to uneven-aged stands. This study was conducted in eight similarly-aged longleaf pine plantations at The Jones Center at Ichauway in southwestern Georgia. The stands were disturbed by commercial thinning in 2014 and partially disturbed by Hurricane Michael in 2018 and half of the stands were seeded with native grasses and a forb in 2015. I developed explanatory models of groundcover biomass and longleaf pine seedling occurrence and density. I detected a community composition difference in groundcover …
Salinity Tolerance In The Elymus Genus, Hunter Pegram
Salinity Tolerance In The Elymus Genus, Hunter Pegram
Theses and Dissertations
Most crop species are highly sensitive to elevated levels of soil salinity. Increased soil salination has become one of the most detrimental environmental factors limiting agricultural productivity. Agricultural commodity losses due to salinity are currently estimated to be 12 billion USD per year and are expected to increase every year as more acreage is affected by salination. The Elymus genus is composed of approximately 150 species of grasses with geographic distribution that spans the globe. Elymus species are commonly used for revegetation, wildlife habitat, and erosion control. While increased tolerance to soil salinity has been reported that Argentine wheatgrass (Elymus …
Reproductive Ecology And Latitudinal Variation Of Three Cavity Nesting Duck Species In Eastern United States, Hunter Elijah Mentges
Reproductive Ecology And Latitudinal Variation Of Three Cavity Nesting Duck Species In Eastern United States, Hunter Elijah Mentges
Theses and Dissertations
Survival of females, nests, and ducklings strongly influence annual recruitment in North American ducks. Studies of cavity-nesting ducks using nest boxes, such as wood ducks (Aix sponsa), hooded merganser (Lophodytes cucullatus) and black-bellied whistling duck (Dendrocygna autumnalis) historically have investigated extrinsic factors, such as nest predation, and how it influenced nest success. For my study, I evaluated data from 1,403 monitored nest boxes collected from eight states, 2020–2022. I studied intrinsic characteristics related to reproduction, such as egg and clutch sizes, and eggshell strength in the 3 cavity-nesting ducks. Variables including clutch size, egg mass, parasitism, and onset of incubation …
Risk Assessment Of Severe Weather Events Affecting Animal Production Facilities, Impana Hassan Swamy Gowda
Risk Assessment Of Severe Weather Events Affecting Animal Production Facilities, Impana Hassan Swamy Gowda
Theses and Dissertations
Our research primarily focuses on the risk assessment and vulnerabilities of commercial broiler farms/houses due to severe weather events. The area of focus is counties within a 60-mile radius of broiler processing plants, as most broiler farms/houses are centrally located around these plants. Using data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), we calculate a risk index to evaluate the vulnerability of these counties. This study incorporates historical weather event data to identify patterns and predict future risks, providing valuable insights for disaster preparedness and mitigation strategies. Through a detailed analysis of various severe weather events, including tornadoes, hurricanes, …
Alight, The Dead Of Night: Ascertaining The Collection And Use Of Nighttime Site Inventory In Landscape Architecture Professional Practice, Jacob Zachary Felkins
Alight, The Dead Of Night: Ascertaining The Collection And Use Of Nighttime Site Inventory In Landscape Architecture Professional Practice, Jacob Zachary Felkins
Theses and Dissertations
In landscape architecture, site inventory is a common precursor and perpetual informant of site design, toolkit development, and best management practices. Within inventory-specific texts, inventory is primarily geared, collected, and applied toward the daytime, and thusly, one might consider the bulk of inventory to be “daytime inventory” which pays greater heed to a diurnal humanity and lesser heed to the nocturnal world. With a greater attention to nighttime site conditions, we explored “nighttime inventory” through a series of primary considerations - nighttime lighting, light pollution, site ecology, and the night sky – along with several secondary considerations. We then surveyed …
Understanding The Relationship Between Neonatal Dairy Calves’ Gut Microbiota And Incidence Of Diarrhea Using Full-Length 16s Rrna Gene Amplicon Sequencing And Machine Learning, Jalyn Grace Hawkins
Understanding The Relationship Between Neonatal Dairy Calves’ Gut Microbiota And Incidence Of Diarrhea Using Full-Length 16s Rrna Gene Amplicon Sequencing And Machine Learning, Jalyn Grace Hawkins
Theses and Dissertations
A healthy gut microbiome is crucial for the development, growth, and health of dairy calves; however, diarrhea in pre-weaned calves is highly prevalent, difficult to treat, and causes detrimental effects to the dairy industry. This study characterized early gut microbiota using longread-based 16S rRNA gene sequencing and investigated its associations with calf diarrhea and colostrum microbiota. The full-length 16S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced on a Nanopore sequencer. We identified shared bacterial species in colostrum and calf feces, whose abundance in calf feces reduced with age. Diarrheic calves exhibited differing gut diversity before, during, and after diarrhea, and harbored …
Complexities In Datura Production And Ceramics In The Arkansas River Valley, Jaylyn Ashley Gustafson
Complexities In Datura Production And Ceramics In The Arkansas River Valley, Jaylyn Ashley Gustafson
Theses and Dissertations
Plants and ceramics play a crucial role in many Indigenous cultures, used in food preparation and rituals. Datura is a plant found in the Southeast and is known for its medicinal and hallucinogenic properties. The Indigenous cultures that used Datura in their rituals had to develop an understanding of the plant and how to use it. Datura contains specific alkaloids, which are used for medicinal purposes but can be lethal if consumed incorrectly. Being aware of the danger of consuming Datura incorrectly, the Indigenous people had to create a system of extracting the hallucinogenic properties for their ritual and medicinal …
Movement Ecology And Nest-Site Selection Of Rock Iguanas Across A Gradient Of Anthropogenic Disturbance, James Walter Wehsener
Movement Ecology And Nest-Site Selection Of Rock Iguanas Across A Gradient Of Anthropogenic Disturbance, James Walter Wehsener
Theses and Dissertations
Analysis of animal movement has been integrated into a framework of four components: internal state, motion capacity, navigation capacity, and external factors (Nathan et al., 2008). We used this framework to enhance understanding of movement behavior in the 15 West Indian rock iguana (Cyclura) taxa and to inform conservation management. Our review found that adult female Cyclura large-scale movement is primarily driven by nesting and migrations. Nest site selection also influences hatchling dispersal, but few studies identify preferred habitats for nesting females. Anthropogenic impacts on nesting ecology are largely unexplored, especially in Cyclura carinata. We studied C. carinata nesting ecology …
Using Phenological And Physiological Data To Improve Bioenergy Feedstock Production Of Populus In The Southeastern United States, Jiaxin Wang
Theses and Dissertations
Climate change poses a significant threat to bioenergy production, impacting plant’s phenology and physiological performance. Investigating the adaptation of bioenergy crops like Populus is crucial for sustaining production. Populus, known for its genetic variation and ease of study, offers insights into tree responses to climate change. My research, part of the Advancing Populus Pathways in the Southeast (APPS) project, focuses on various Populus genotypes across multiple growing seasons, exploring phenology under different management strategies. Planting Populus across two sites, namely Monroe and Pontotoc, allows for the examination of genotype responses to climate change factors, particularly in terms of phenology and …
Source Contributions To Nekton Diet In An Oligohaline Ecosystem, Keith Antoine Chenier
Source Contributions To Nekton Diet In An Oligohaline Ecosystem, Keith Antoine Chenier
Theses and Dissertations
West Back Bay in Biloxi, Mississippi is an oligohaline estuary. Salt-tolerant submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) and saltmarsh grasses are found ubiquitously throughout this estuary with Vallisneria americana and Juncus roemerianus being the dominant SAV and saltmarsh vegetation. No studies have directly evaluated the role of these vegetation species in the food web. Carbon and sulfur stable isotope analyses were used to identify primary source contributions to fishes Menidia beryllina, Fundulus grandis, and Lepomis macrochirus. Isotopic niche overlap was compared between fishes and basal carbon sources bimonthly from May 2021 through May 2022. Fishes had greater than 50% isotopic niche overlap …
Mississippi Mud: Race, Agriculture, And Disharmony In The Era Of Civil Rights, Kymara D. Sneed
Mississippi Mud: Race, Agriculture, And Disharmony In The Era Of Civil Rights, Kymara D. Sneed
Theses and Dissertations
Federal interference in the battle for states’ rights in Mississippi during the 1950s and 60s birthed a civil rights movement that made the Department of Agriculture its main opposition. Alongside state-sanctioned organizations like the Citizens’ Council and the Sovereignty Commission, the USDA used their resources to deter civil rights groups, black farmers, and black agents alike from protesting against segregationist policies. Mississippi Mud uses agriculture as a lens to illustrate how the USDA’s refusal to denounce Jim Crow, especially after the passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, led to black farmers and extension agents pursuing legal action against the …
Effects Of A Nontraditional Beef Cattle Finishing System On Performance, Carcass Quality, And Economics, Lakan D. Guelker
Effects Of A Nontraditional Beef Cattle Finishing System On Performance, Carcass Quality, And Economics, Lakan D. Guelker
Theses and Dissertations
Crossbred beef heifers [Year 1, n = 12 initial body weight (BW) = 400.5 kg] and beef steers (Year 2, n = 24, initial body weight (BW) = 401.9 kg] were used to compare the effect of non-traditional, low-input finishing diets (CORN and SBH) to a traditional finishing diet (DIET) in a small-scale finishing system on animal performance, carcass characteristics, and economic impact. In Year 1, cattle were finished for 132d (n = 6) or 174d (n = 6) and in Year 2, cattle were finished for 154d (n = 8), 162d (n = 8), and 196d (n = 7) …
Tree Recruitment Dynamics In An Urban Forested Natural Area, Lee Eric Bridges
Tree Recruitment Dynamics In An Urban Forested Natural Area, Lee Eric Bridges
Theses and Dissertations
Urban forested natural areas (UFNAs) are the remnants of larger forested ecosystems that have become surrounded by urban land development. Due to their proximity to dense population centers, UFNAs provide levels of ecosystem services disproportionate with their small size. However, stressors on UFNAs, such as fragmentation, invasive species, urban heat islands, soil compaction, altered seed predator populations, and disrupted disturbance regimes, can alter species composition and forest structure such that the continued flow of these ecosystem services is unlikely. Further, management of these systems is confounded by their size and location. While most urban forests are managed using individual tree …
Effects Of Acute Alcohol Treatment On Macrophage Polarization, Liyuan Liu
Effects Of Acute Alcohol Treatment On Macrophage Polarization, Liyuan Liu
Theses and Dissertations
Alcohol is an underestimated toxicant, and binge drinking is increasing rapidly. Macrophages are important immune cells characterized by heterogeneity and can be polarized into pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory phenotypes.To elucidate the effects of acute alcohol exposure on macrophage polarization and function, we established an optimized multi-parameter flow cytometry panel, assessed the impact of acute alcohol on macrophage polarization, developed macrophage polarization models, and proposed novel indices for a refined understanding of macrophage polarization status.First, we developed a flow cytometry panel quantifying eleven markers critical to macrophage polarization within the RAW 264.7 cell line. Inducing specific polarization states with IFN-γ ± LPS …
Evolution Of Functional Diversity In Defensive Bacterial Toxins And Parasite Infection Strategy, Logan D. Moore
Evolution Of Functional Diversity In Defensive Bacterial Toxins And Parasite Infection Strategy, Logan D. Moore
Theses and Dissertations
Insects and their natural enemies are engaged in a never-ending battle called the ‘co-evolutionary arms race.’ As a part of these contentious interactions, vulnerable insects evolve natural barriers that prevent successful attacks by their natural enemies. In response, natural enemies evolve strategies that overcome these barriers. Occasionally, microbial symbionts will also participate in these relationships by assisting their insect host in defense against natural enemies or by assisting the natural enemy in subduing its prey. Alternatively, microbial symbionts may become contenders themselves in the co-evolutionary arms race by becoming reproductive parasites of their hosts. To mediate successful outcomes in these …
Chitosan-Based Biomaterials For Treatment Of Acute And Chronic Osteomyelitis, Luke Jackson Tucker
Chitosan-Based Biomaterials For Treatment Of Acute And Chronic Osteomyelitis, Luke Jackson Tucker
Theses and Dissertations
Osteomyelitis or infection of bone is painful and difficult to treat due to limited tissue penetration by antibiotics. A resulting chronic infection has around a 30% chance of never resolving and resulting in amputation of the limb. The current standard of care for osteomyelitis is debridement and systemic antibiotics for two to six months, which can cause systemic toxicity and increase the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. It is therefore necessary to develop a localized biodegradable treatment that can deliver high concentrations of antimicrobials while minimizing the risk of systemic side effects. The overall objective of this work was to develop, …
Application Of Existing Statistical Models To Thermal Inactivation Of Escherichia Coli In A Lab-Based Circulating Water Bath And Investigation Of A Salmonella Challenge Model In A 42-Day Broiler Grow-Out In An Updated Facility, Michael Carroll
Theses and Dissertations
The Food Safety Modernization Act has enforced the importance of research in preventative and control measures for known hazards. Experiment 1 applies existing statistical models, Linear and Weibull, to Escherichia coli thermal inactivation in broiler mash feed in a lab-based circulating water bath to simulate conditioning. Linear and Weibull models were determined to be suitable for modeling the thermal inactivation of E. coli in broiler feed. In Experiment 2, a Salmonella challenge model for broilers raised in floor pens in the updated Animal Biosafety Level-2 facility was evaluated over a 42-day grow-out period. Broiler performance and recovery of Salmonella from …
Predictions Of Thermo-Fluid Transport Over A Poultry Incubation Period Using High Performance Computing, Melvy Fernandes
Predictions Of Thermo-Fluid Transport Over A Poultry Incubation Period Using High Performance Computing, Melvy Fernandes
Theses and Dissertations
The quality of hatchery conditions significantly impacts the hatchling health. An insight into the spatiotemporal distribution of environmental factors like temperature, ventilation, humidity, and CO2 within an incubator can be the key to reduce the pathogen spread. The objective of this study is to develop an efficient computational fluid dynamics model to predict thermo-fluid and scalar transport over an incubation period using high performance computing systems. Various modeling approaches for grid generation, inflow conditions, fan and heater modeling, and scalar transport are evaluated to identify cost effective numerical models and allow long time simulations with reliable data. The model is …
Solution Synthesis Of Colloidal Strontium Zirconium Sulfide Nanomaterials, Naira Arrykova
Solution Synthesis Of Colloidal Strontium Zirconium Sulfide Nanomaterials, Naira Arrykova
Theses and Dissertations
Chalcogenide perovskites with a distorted ABX3 structure (A: Ca, Ba, Sr; B: Zr, Hf; X: S, Se) are a prominent focus in optoelectronic materials. One of these is BaZrS3 which has garnered significant attention in perovskite materials due to its distinctive distorted perovskite structure and valuable optical properties that are viable for a single-junction solar cell and present a compelling option for tandem solar cell configurations. Another promising material is SrZrS3 which exists in two phases: needle-like non-perovskite α-SrZrS3 and distorted perovskite β-SrZrS3. The distorted perovskite phase shows promising luminescence properties in bulk, making it potentially viable for LED applications. …
Predator-Prey Dynamics Among Large Carnivores And Their Ungulate Prey: From The Great Lakes To The Last Frontier, Nathan James Svoboda
Predator-Prey Dynamics Among Large Carnivores And Their Ungulate Prey: From The Great Lakes To The Last Frontier, Nathan James Svoboda
Theses and Dissertations
Identifying factors that influence spatial and temporal resource use is critical to understanding ecological relationships of sympatric species. Spatial and temporal shifts in resource availability, distribution, and vulnerability can influence animal space use, movements, foraging behavior, and prey selection. Identifying these factors is critical to understanding predator-prey dynamics. In Michigan’s Upper Peninsula, white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) exist in a multi-predator system that includes black bears (Ursus americanus), wolves (Canis lupus), coyotes (C. latrans), and bobcats (Lynx rufus). On Sitkalidak Island, Alaska, plains bison (Bison bison) were recently introduced into a single-predator island landscape that contains some of the largest brown …
Divergent Selection For Anthesis Of Annual Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne Ssp. Multiflorum), Prakriti Adhikari
Divergent Selection For Anthesis Of Annual Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne Ssp. Multiflorum), Prakriti Adhikari
Theses and Dissertations
Annual ryegrass (Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum) is an excellent cover crop for winter-fallow fields of the Southeast. However, late senescence and herbicide resistance pose challenges for spring eradication. This study aims to develop a ryegrass variety that naturally senescence early using the recurrent phenotypic selection. A base population with anthesis dates from March 21 to April 2 was collected in 2022. 903 seedlings of this population were grown in Cycle0. For Cycle1, the Cycle0 population upon anthesis was segregated into NV0 (11 non-vernalizing), E0 (earliest 70 to anthesis), and L0 (last 70 to anthesis). Isolated groups were allowed to polycross …
Foodways And Socioeconomic Complexities In Early Iron Age Of Bara, Old Oyo, Nigeria (Ca. 490 B.C. To A.D. 40), Racheal Bolakale Oyundoyin
Foodways And Socioeconomic Complexities In Early Iron Age Of Bara, Old Oyo, Nigeria (Ca. 490 B.C. To A.D. 40), Racheal Bolakale Oyundoyin
Theses and Dissertations
The Early Iron Age period has been underexplored in the archaeology of West Africa, particularly Nigeria. Also, there is a lack of research and knowledge on organic residue analysis in Nigeria, particularly in the southwestern region of the country, despite the fact that other studies on archaeobotany and paleoenvironmental studies are well established. To address this gap, lipid analysis was conducted on 10 vessels from the Early Iron Age (490 B.C. to A.D. 40) site BSM6 in Bara, Old Oyo, Nigeria. The analysis revealed the plant and animal materials consumed by the Early Iron Age community. These findings provide vital …
Corneal Epithelial Tissue Engineering Approaches To Treat Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency, Sasirekha K
Corneal Epithelial Tissue Engineering Approaches To Treat Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency, Sasirekha K
Theses and Dissertations
A clear healthy cornea is essential for visual acuity. As a self-renewing and regenerating tissue, the corneal epithelium has a stem cell pool, the limbus that acts as its proliferative reservoir. When limbal epithelial stem cells are destroyed or become dysfunctional, a pathological state known as limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) manifests. Damaged corneas have been successfully reconstructed by transplanting the cultured limbal epithelial stem cells. Limbal stem cell transplantation (LSCT) is one of the applicable and most challenging procedures in clinical ophthalmology for the reconstruction of the stratified ocular surface epithelium in patients with LSCD. Given the above challenge, …
Shadow Of Death: Mortality In The Mythological Art Of Nicolas Poussin, William Whitledge
Shadow Of Death: Mortality In The Mythological Art Of Nicolas Poussin, William Whitledge
Theses and Dissertations
For this thesis I look at six works by Nicolas Poussin, Venus and Adonis (c. 1627-1630), Narcissus and Echo (c. 1630), Landscape with Man Pursued by Snake (c. 1637), Landscape with Man Killed by Snake (c. 1648), Landscape with Orpheus and Eurydice (c. 1648-1650), and Landscape during a Thunderstorm with Pyramus and Thisbe (c. 1651). I explore the themes of mortality and the concept of inevitable death as it is emphasized by the choices of subject matter, the composition of the works, and the use of light in the works. Through extensive visual analysis and research of the current body …
Power In Picturebooks: A Teacher's Critical Multicultural Analysis Of Illustrated Versions Of Little Red Riding Hood, Adrianna Catherine Galtieri
Power In Picturebooks: A Teacher's Critical Multicultural Analysis Of Illustrated Versions Of Little Red Riding Hood, Adrianna Catherine Galtieri
Theses and Dissertations
This study is a critical examination of the ways power is depicted in six illustrated versions of the "Little Red Riding Hood" story. Anchored in the notions that children's texts are neither ideologically neutral nor inherently benign, a kindergarten teacher analyzed "Little Red Riding Hood" tales for the ways the main character acts and/or is acted upon. Traditional versions of the story are often read as didactic tales that remind young readers to obey their parents in order to stay safe. However, the findings of this study suggest that reimagined versions of the classic tale can open important conversations about …
Defensiveness And Accountability In Couple Relationships: A Constructivist Grounded Theory Analysis, Collin Joshua Wright
Defensiveness And Accountability In Couple Relationships: A Constructivist Grounded Theory Analysis, Collin Joshua Wright
Theses and Dissertations
Defensiveness is empirically well documented as a factor in breakup and divorce which have wide ranging consequences for adults and affected children, however, little research exists on what Gottman has called the antidote to defensiveness which is taking an accurate amount of accountability. The purpose of this study was to use qualitative methods to illuminate the microprocesses which take place between partners in interactions regarding accountability and defensiveness. The data was taken from part of a larger project on healthy and unhealthy relationships where semi-structured interviews were conducted from a diverse sample recruited through convenience and theoretical sampling. Constructivist grounded …