Digital Commons Network^™

A Comparative Study Of Image Coding Techniques : Filter Banks Vs. Discrete Cosine Transform, Hosam Fawzi Mutlag

Theses

Subband coding of still image frames using Binomial PR-QMF has been presented in this thesis. Simulation results have shown that the performance of subband coding using a low complexity coder is practically the same as the performance of the industry standard (8 x 8) DCT based image coder.

A low bit rate adaptive video coding technique is also introduced in this thesis. The redundancy within adjacent video frames is exploited by motion compensated interframe prediction. The Motion Compensated Frame Difference (MCFD) signals are filtered by employing Binomial PR-QMF structure into four subbands. Then, the subbands are quantized using an efficient …

Automated Determination Of Air Content In Hardened Concrete, Anita R. Navalurkar

Theses

An automated system was developed for the microscopic determination of air content and the related parameters in hardened concrete using the principles of Image Analysis and Computer Technology. Slices taken from the concrete specimen were viewed through a microscope with 40X magnification. The magnified image of the concrete slice is digitized by an Image Analyzing Software. Methodologies were developed for analysis of the digitized image and determination of air content and the required parameters. The automated system included a motorized positioner which translated microscope stage in a frame by frame sequence so that the whole image is digitized. Several tests …

Evaluation Of Cracking Mechanism In Fiber Reinforced Concrete Subjected To Impulsive Loading, Rajendra K. Navalurkar

Theses

This thesis presents an experimental evaluation of J-Integral for plain and fiber reinforced concrete subjected to impact loading. A computer assisted instrumented Charpy test system was employed in applying the impact loads. Twenty two three point bend specimens with two different notch lengths were tested under impact velocity of 43.29 in/sec. Development and testing of a new fiber optic sensor, for the determination of internal Crack Tip Opening Displacements (CTOD) in concrete is described.

Evaluation of J_IC values from experimental results of this study indicate that J_IC can be characterized as a material constant. The Dynamic value of …

Minimized Test Patterns For Sequential Logic, Chetan Patel

Theses

This thesis presents a novel algorithmic approach which can be used to reduce the total test pattern lengths for testing a sequential logic circuit. Test generation for sequential circuits has long been recognized as a difficult task. Several approaches have been made in the past to solve the problems of test generation stage for sequential circuits but they were either an extension of the classical D-algorithm or based on the random techniques. When number of states of the sequential circuit is larger and the test demands long input sequences, they can be quite ineffective for the test generation. The STALLION …

Implementation Of A Production Planning And Control System In A Small Manufacturing Company, Carmelo Pernice

Theses

This thesis analyzed and discussed the implementation of a production control system in a small manufacturing firm. The basic concepts of production control were provided to give insight on the methodologies typically applied in production control systems. Overviews were presented on Material Resource Planning, Capacity Planning, and Shop Floor Control, as well as any supporting methodologies and technologies.

As with any project, some investigation was done in order to choose a system which best suits the company's needs. At Teledyne Adams, The DCD Shop Floor Control System was chosen since it is capable of handling batch manufacturing as well as …

Parallel Implementation Of Spatial Domain Image Processing Algorithms On The Mesh Connected Computer Simulator, Adury Devi Prasad

Theses

The performance of conventional computers in image processing applications is known to be inadequate due to the enormous computational requirements. Almost all image processing applications can be implemented in parallel. This thesis is the parallel implementation of neighborhood averaging and edge detection by the Sobel and Laplacian operators on the Mesh Connected Computer Computer Simulator (MCCS), a package developed at NJIT to study the behavior of SIMD machines. Expressions for speedup, utilization and efficiency have been derived. Suggestions for further improvements that can be incorporated in MCCS and its instruction set have been made.

Analysis And Implementation Of A Navigation System Using Vanishing Points In A Generalized Environment, Rolf Schuster

Theses

The development of accurate sensors is of crucial importance in navigation of mobile autonomous robots. The following master's thesis analyzes the use of vanishing points for robot navigation. Parallel lines in the environment of the robot are used to compute vanishing points which serve as a reference for guiding a robot. To accomplish the navigation tasks, three subtasks are to be performed: detection of straight lines, computation of vanishing points, and robot navigation with vanishing points.

An edge detection algorithm is presented that combines Sobel and Laplacian of Gaussian operators. The algorithm preserves the precision of the Laplacian of Gaussian …

Connected Component Labelling On A Pair Of Parallel Systems, Imran Shahid

Theses

Hypercubes and meshes are of the most successful parallel processing structures and are widely used in image processing applications. The mesh is a natural multiprocessor architecture for image processing because an N x N image can be directly mapped onto a mesh of N x N PEs (processing elements), holding each PE responsible for one pixel, with neighboring PEs responsible for neighboring pixels. Thus, local operations can be performed on the image, or local image features can be detected in parallel, with each processor simultaneously accessing its neighbor and computing the appropriate function for its neighborhood. Meshes and several other …

Water Treatment Plant Sludge As Sanitary Landfill Liner, Sinnadurai Sockanathan

Theses

This study was performed to explore the possibility of using the sludge waste from the water treatment plant at Boonton New Jersey as a containment material for the sanitary landfills or as a fill material. At present natural clay is being used as a containment liner for the landfills and by using this sludge, recycling of a waste product will be achieved in an economical manner.

As a first part of this studies, efforts were made to utilize the liquid sludge having a solid content of about 3%. Attempts to dewater the liquid sludge to a workable mix by adding …

Controlling Hazards Associated With Confined Spaces, Srinivas S. Varahabhotla

Theses

Work in Confined Spaces poses special health and safety problems. To avoid the serious consequences which may follow poorly planned or poorly supervised confined space work, a comprehensive program of recognition, evaluation and control of potential dangers must be developed.

The work force should be aware of the extreme dangers associated with confined space and of the procedures and equipment used to overcome these dangers effectively and safely.

The purpose of this thesis is to present the hazardous conditions in a confined space and different means of overcoming these dangers which are not readily apparent. It shows how confined spaces …

Analysis Of The Effects Of Wear And Tear Of Gates And Runners In The Injection Molding Process For Multi-Cavity Injection Molds In Natural Imbalance, Krishna Siva Rama Vellanki

Theses

Intuition, prior experience, and trial and error experimentation have previously been the key factors in solving the mold design and process optimization problems, when there is a dimensional change in gates and runners due to wear and tear in multi-cavity injection molding. The effect of wear and tear of gates and runners of circular and rectangular geometries, using the flow analysis package MOLDFLOW have been studied. A mold with two rectangular cavities of volume in the ratio 2:1 has been taken as the reference model for the analysis. It is observed that the amount of imbalance due to wear and …

Automated Computer Drafting Of Precision Tooling For Drawing Operation, Basani Venkateswarlu

Theses

Based on customer requirements of components, design engineers create the necessary tooling using CAD to produce the exact part desired by the customer. A software package using CARL is developed to help the design engineer to create the drawings of Pinch off Punch and Pinch off for both rectangular/square and round punches. A variety of hole patterns for the punches are automatically created through the software, along with a possibility of selecting one of the standard patterns automatically for a drawing. The drawings are created such that the dimensions and the notes are automatically generated with the input of the …

Development Of Plasma Ion Nitriding Process Parameters To Increase Durability Of Machine Components, Wenge Yang

Theses

In this work glow discharge ion nitriding process was selected to increase durability of machine components. To achieve this goal, the process parameters were designed, established and optimized based on the desired surface properties. The orthogonal experiment method is used to optimize multifactors process parameters. Using the image analyzing approach the microstructure of differently treated materials were obtained and analyzed. Developed coating layers, including different nitrides such as Fe3N, Fe4N, and diffusion zone were controlled by the optimized process parameters. Analysis of the obtained microstructure and microhardness showed the improvement of surface mechanical properties. Performed wear testing experiments showed increased …

Determination Of Water-Cement Ratio In Cement Paste By Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, Jiong Zhao

Theses

As one of the important characteristics of concrete, water-cement ratio controls porosity and thus strength and corrosion resistance of hardened concrete.

This paper presents a laboratory observation for determination of water-cement ratio of fresh concrete for quality control and quality assurance. The atomic absorption spectrophotometer and the flouresence spectrophtometer were used to determine the calcium concentration in cement solution of various water-cement ratio. The level of water-cement ratio investigated ranged from 0.4 to 0.55 which covers the most range of water-cement ratios in present practice. The result of lab experiments shows an immediate relation between the water-cement ratio and the …

Bad Data Identification In Power Systems, Shichun Zou

Theses

Two classes of bad data (BD) identification methods in power system state estimation are studied.

The first class is the perturbation method. In this method, the obtained measurements are perturbed a few times. Each time a state is obtained from which measurement corrections are calculated. The statistics of the corrections corresponding to a BD are different from those corresponding to a healthy data. The method uses those differences for identification purposes.

The effectiveness of different indicators is studied. These include the normalized residual, the weighted residual, and residuals incorporating the statistics of the corrections.

The success rate of using the …

A Mouse-Driven Interface For Androx Ics-400, Chin-Tien Chen

Theses

A mouse-driven interface is extremely useful for software performing image processing tasks. This thesis describes an implementation of a mouse-driven interface for the Androx ICS-400 image processing board. The Androx board is housed in a Sun 4/330 running a UNIX-based operating system. The main goal of this interface is to provide a consistent and friendly user interface for image processing tasks and integrating the Sun window libraries with the Androx libraries. Various image processing tasks, such as gray scale and binary morphological operations, histogram, thresholding, filtering, spot, logical operations, arithmetic operations, zooming, scrolling, rank and image acquisition are implemented in …

Androx Implementation Of Nonlinear Filter, Keh-Chao Chu

Theses

Nonlinear filters, such as morphological operations, play an important role in image processing. Several software implementations of nonlinear filters are presented in this thesis. There may exist more than one method to implement a specific operation. The methods used in this thesis are chosen to be most suited for the machine used according to its structure. These most suited methods are also generally best for software implementations on other machines as well. The machine used here is the Androx image computing workstation.

Modification Of Wear Testing Methodology, Muhammed Farooq

Theses

In this work the existing computer controlled methodology has been modified A loading and unloading mechanism has been designed, manufactured and assembled. A specimen fixture has been designed and installed. Alloy steel specimens with different surface treatment were tested on the modified wear testing machine. Operational surface roughness was measured in all stages of running-in, steady state and catastrophic wear. The difference between technological and operational surface roughness was observed. The results show that the surface treatment by Plasma Ion-Nitriding with Magnetic treatment increases wear resistance. It was found that the coated material which had been magnetically treated with a …

Modeling Of Vacuum Microelectronic Lateral And Vertical Devices, Qiong Gui

Theses

Vertical and lateral configurations of the vacuum microelectronic device have been modeled using the simulation tools. Both cone and ridge cathode structures are used. Simulation results are compared with experimental data where available. These device structures include cathode, extraction grid, anode, and deflectors. The electric field at the tip of the cathode has been calculated for tip radius as small as 0.1nm. The model used takes into account the effect of potential on all electrodes on the E-field at the cathode tip. Also the effect of cathode geometry on the E-field is detailed.

Static characteristics are based on a new …

Attitudes And Job Images Of The Public And Private Sectors : A Comparison Of College Students In The United States And Taiwan, Hui-Yuan Liao

Theses

This study focuses on a comparison of US and Taiwan students' attitudes towards public and private organizations. To identify the differences between two samples, 60 US students and 65 Taiwan students completed a questionnaire on 40 job attributes. Mixed design ANOVA revealed significant differences between the two samples.

Overall, students from the US had more positive attitudes than students from Taiwan. For both groups, attitudes were more positive for private-sector organizations than for public-sector organizations. And both groups believed that organizations fared better on extrinsic attributes than on intrinsic ones. However, significant interactions indicated that attitudes are complex and varied …

Influence Of Fly Ash Characteristics On Compressive Strength Of Mortar, Poorna Rajeswari Ratnaweera

Theses

Fly ash-cement mortar, constituting of fly ash, cement and sand, vary in strength characteristics from conventional cement sand mortar. Out of many parameters effecting the compressive strength characteristics of fly ash-cement mortar, four were investigated in this study. They are particle size and its distribution, weathering of fly ash, moisture content & water/cementitious ratio and mix proportioning.

Class F fly ashes from three different sources were used in this study. The particle size distribution and moisture content of fly ashes were investigated by standard ASTM methods. The unconfined compressive strength of mortar was obtained by testing 2"x2"x2" test cubes conforming …

Solidification/Stabilization Of Chromium Contaminated Soil Using Cement And Fly Ash, Arunkumar Sripathi

Theses

Chromium, when present in the soil, can cause serious health hazards. Toxicity depends upon the concentration in the soil. Chromium in soil has become a major problem in some sites and a method must be developed so that it can be treated or disposed of in a safe manner.

In this research experiments are conducted to check whether the chromium contaminated soil can be solidified and landfilled in a safe way. To have a control over the amount of chromium present in the soil, pure soil (free from chromium contamination) was used and chromium was added in different proportion.

Another …

Linear Regulator And Singular Control In Generalised State Space System, Devesh Kumar Thodimela

Theses

The problem of unconstrained optimal control of continuous-time singular systems is considered, by straight forward extension of some well-known equations derived for ordinary state-space systems by variational calculus and by the aid of the simplest algebraic and matrix tools: In this thesis, the interest is restricted to the case where the system is to be driven from a fixed initial state to a fixed final state as well as free final state tf while minimizing a performance index of the form

J = 1/2 ∫t_f t_o <( Y - Y_i), Q ( Y - Y_i) > d_t

Subject …

Tisi2/N+/P Silicon Junction Formation By Ion Implantation Through Metal Technique, Ying Wu

Theses

Experimental analysis, modeling and simulation of the formation and electrical characterization of TiSi₂/n⁺/p-Si shallow junctions are presented here. The formation of shallow n⁺-p junction, by ion implantation of As⁺ through Ti films evaporated on p-Si substrates followed by Rapid Thermal Annealing ( RTA ) and conventional furnace annealing has been performed in these experiments. Structural techniques such as Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy ( SIMS ) and Rutherford Backscattering spectroscopy ( RBS ) experiments have been employed to characterize the devices, and RUMP simulator was used to analyze and interpret the RBS data. Current-voltage …

A Parallelogram Four-Frame Model In 3-D Motion And Structure Recovery Using Unified Optical Flow Field Approach, Zhichun Lin

Theses

In this paper a new concept of the unified optical flow field (UOFF) for 3 D motion analysis from a stereo image sequence is implemented which is an extension of the temporal optical flow formulations developed by Horn and Schunck. A four frame model is established and a spatial optical flow is also introduced.

In order to alleviate the problem of the strict requirement of two identical sensors in common stereo imagery a new imaging system is presented in this paper that needs only one camera, two plane mirrors and two switches to generate a phase shifted binocular sequence of …

Size Reduction Of Polymeric Particulates By Jet Milling, Cheng Hua

Theses

A basic theory for the size reduction operation by jet milling has been developed.

Typical samples of feedstock have been analyzed using screen analysis to determine the initial distribution of polymeric particulate sizes prior to jet milling.

A statistical theory .was developed using probabilities to represent the likelihood that specific size reductions would occur. These probabilities include the effects of various equipment.

The theory was then used to predict the distribution of polymeric particulate sizes after jet milling. The agreement between the predictions and actual results was within 5 %.

Encouraged by the successful work of the simulation of the …

Eeg Data Compression, Yun-Chu Wu

Theses

This paper presents two different ways to compress EEC data-direct data com pression and a data transformation technique. The Adaptive Delta modulation and Huffman coding are used in the former method to predict or interpolate the data. Linear orthognal transformation algorithms are used in the latter method to detect and reduce the redundancies of the data by analyzing the spectral and energy distribution. Each method is implemented by programming the computer. The experimental results of their efficiencies and errors with different requirements and under different situations are compared and discussed. By comparing the EEC data compression degree and normalized square …

Catalytic Oxidation Of Chlorinated Compounds Over Pdo/Al2o3 On A Monolith, Tai-Chiang Yu

Theses

The catalytic oxidation of trichloroethylene(TCE) and dichloromethane (DCM) was investigated over a catalyst containing 4% PdO on Al₂O₃ washcoat and on a cordierite monolith with 400 channels per in². Reactivity and selectivity of the catalyst for the destruction of 200 ppm C₂HCl₃ and 500 ppm CH₂Cl₂ in air was evaluated over the temperature range 250 to 550 °C. This research was conducted in a tubular reactor system at space velocities of 4,000 to 24,000 v/v/hr. It was found that complete oxidation occurs at 500°C for DCM and 550°C for …

Primitive Dreams: In Search Of Judgment, Catherine Lasch Ramdin

Theses

None provided.

Homelink, Catherine K. Hu

Theses

None provided.