Digital Commons Network^™

Implementation Of Automated Assembly, Kang H. Kong

Theses

Research has shown that about 60 - 80% wealth producing activities is related to manufacturing in major industrial countries.

Increased competition in industry has resulted in a greater emphasis on using automation to improve productivity and quality and also to reduce cost.

Most of the manufacturing works such as machining, painting, storage, retrieval, inspection and transportation have changed to automation successfully, except assembly. Manual assembly is predominant over automatic assembly techniques due to inherent assembly problem and the fact that the assembly machines lack the innate intelligence of human operator and lack sufficient flexibility to changeover when product designs and …

Simulation Of Voice And Data Integration, Urmila S. Patel

Theses

A simulation model of integrated voice and data is developed. The data packets are transmitted during voice inactivity (i.e. silence duration). A statistical model of voice (talkspurt) and silence duration is generated. inter-arrival time between data packets is modeled using geometrical distribution. The data traffic statistics is simulated for a given voice activity model and various data packet arrival rates. Four important results are obtained by performing this simulation: 1. Average data packet delay versus arrival rate. 2. The optimal ratio of data packet arrival rate to average data packet delay. 3. Probability of wait time for various data packet …

Design For Manufacturability, Kocherlakota Sreedhar

Theses

Design for Manufacturability represents a new awareness of the importance of design as the first manufacturing step. It recognizes that a company cannot meet all its objectives with isolated design and manufacturing operations. The Design for Manufacturability approach embodies certain underlying imperatives that help maintain communication between all components of the Manufacturing and Design system and permit flexibility to adopt and to modify design during each stage of the product realization. Design for Manufacturability cannot be bought or sold and it should be implemented by management. Complete support of management to the implementation is very important to the success of …

Isolation And Characterization Of A Crude Extracellular Phenol Oxidase From A Recirculation Bioreactor, Yun Tang

Theses

The study of phenol biodegradation has been performed using calcium alginate entrapped activated sludge in a recirculation reactor. An effective recirculation reactor system may be used on the laboratory scale to produce phenol oxidase, Phenol oxidase was isolated and concentrated from the degradation solution of phenol by ultrafiltration and freeze-drying respectively,

The effects of various concentrations of phenol, pH, temperature, ionic strength, cations, anions and 2- chlorophenol were studied on the oxidation reaction of enzyme. The optimal conditions of activated sludge phenol oxidase are [phenol] = 100 ppm; pH = 6.0; temperature 37°C; ionic strength equivalent to 0.1 M Na …

The Application Of Adaptive Step-Size Control In The Numerical Simulation Of Calcium Release In Vascular Smooth Muscle, Michael John Sydor

Theses

An algorithm for the adaptive control of numerical integration step-size is developed and implemented for the simulation of a three compartment model for Vascular Smooth Muscle. The three compartment model accounts for the simultaneous diffusion of Ca, ⁴⁵Ca, EGTA, Ca-EGTA, and ⁴⁵Ca-EGTA, and is an extension of a two compartment model by Diecke for the simultaneous diffusion of Ca, EGTA, and Ca-EGTA. The addition of the third compartment is to account for the presence of the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum which stores the calcium needed for contraction and is the primary regulator of calcium in the VSM cell. The SR …

Liquid-Vapor Equilibria And Henry's Law Constants For Volatile Organics In Surfactants, Qianping Peng

Theses

We present liquid vapor equilibria data and Henry's law constants for Methyl-ethyl Ketone, Toluene, Butyl Acetate, Acetone and i-Propanol in surfactants: Octylphenyl Decaethoxylate, Sorbitan Monooleate and Sodium Sulfonate at temperatures of 20 to 70 C.

The objective of this study is to determine the effect of applying surfactant absorption technique (neat surfactants) to volatile organic compounds (VOC's) for the removal of these species as organic vapors from air emission streams.

Liquid/vapor equilibrium data are presented as curves in several different ways:

i. Each individual VOC at four temperatures between 22 C to 70 C in the respective surfactants Octylpenyl Decaethoxylate, …

Charcoal Catalyzed Ozone Decomposition Of Organic Pollutants In Water, Kin Ho

Theses

A laboratory study has been performed on the wastewater treatment (destruction of organic species in water) using a novel process called Integrated Adsorption-Oxidation (IAO) where activated carbon is being utilized as a catalyst-adsorbent, and ozone as oxidant. The results of ozonation alone on the pollutants in water are also reported to provide a comparison with the adsorption-oxidation scheme in semi-batch reactions. All experiments were conducted at room temperature in a semi-batch reactor using five (water soluble) representative chemicals as pollutants: Aniline, Acetamide, Pyridine, N,N-dimethyl formamide and O-cresol. We also studied two volatile compounds: Trichloroethylene and Chloroform. Phenol was studied in …

Methods Development For Determination Of Trace Polar Volatile Organics In Environmental Samples, Qingchu Peng

Theses

The determination of trace levels of organic compounds in water samples is well developed for the less polar compounds, but the polar compounds are more difficult. The development of reliable and reproducible methods for such compounds as volatile alcohols and ketones is necessary if environmental monitoring is to be extended to these compounds.

The purge-and-trap method is frequently used for determination of volatiles in water samples. The method has problems when hydrophylic substances are being analyzed, since these are less easy to purge from the solution and more difficult to trap and desorb quantitatively. The high amount of water carried …

Preparation And Testing Of Novel Dental Adhesives Based On Bis- Gma/Tegdma Monomer System, Deyun Sun

Theses

In this study, polymerizable phosphonate adhesives synthesized from Diethylchloro-phosphate and 2-Hydroxyethylmethylacrylate and formulated with G-methacryloxy-propyltrimethoxy silane is used in Bis-GMA/TEGDMA monomer system. All the raw materials and finished products are characterized with infrared spectra, vapor pressure osmometry, viscosity and gel test. The bonding strength to tooth materials is determined by Instron machine. The work emphasizes applying polymeric organic phosphonate adhesive to Bis-GMA/TEGDMA monomer system and investigates the appropriate conditions for the crosslinking of Bis-GMA/TEGDMA monomer system. Average bonding strength of 744 psi to enamel and 600 to dentine are ob¬tained in comparision to 550 psi to enamel for phosphonate/silane/MMA/PMMA and …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Lpcvd Silicon Carbide Thin Films For X-Ray Lithography, Mahalingam Bhaskaran

Theses

Amorphous silicon carbide thin films were fabricated using low pressure chemical deposition method with a single liquid precursor, di tertiary butyl silane. The films were deposited for a temperature range of 500-850°C and at different pressures ranging from 0.05 to 1 torr. The growth rate of the films deposited at constant pressure of 0.2 torr with a flow rate of 60 sccm, was found to follow an Arrehenius Behavior in the temperature range of 600 - 675°C, yielding an activation energy of 32.5 k cal mol^-1 . IR spectroscopic study showed an absorption peak centered at 780 cm^{-1 …}

Experiments With The Gap Variation Of Interpolation Search For Semi Uniform Distributed Alphabetic Files, Jatin M. Bhavsar

Theses

There are various techniques for searching a data from a data base. One of them is interpolation search. It works on uniformly distributed and sorted numerical tables and considered to be one of the fastest methods. On an average this method takes 'lg lg n'

Burton and Lewis [BL] shows the inefficiency of interpolation sarch for an alphabetic table whose distribution is not known or non-uniform. They introduce GAP variations of interpolation search to compare the inefficiency. However another approach to a non-uniform is to apply the cumulative distribution function F which transfer a non-uniform distribution to uniform one, for …

Application Of Non-Imaging Optical Inspection To The Detection Of Pinhole Defects In Latex Condoms, Paul Micha Gelencser

Theses

An optical technique was demonstrated for the detection of pinhole defects in latex condoms. To evaluate the optical inspection concept, a prototype inspection apparatus was constructed. In order to maximize contrast between pinhole transmitted signal and optical signal transmitted through the latex condom material, ultraviolet (u.v.) light of wavelength 253nm has been used. This inspection was performed during rotation of the condom, with the light source inside the condom and the photomultiplier photodetector outside. The form on which the condoms were mounted was made of quartz in order to allow the u.v. light to be transmitted through it.

Background signal …

The Neural Network Based Control System For Dynamic Channel Allocation In Pcn Communications, Ching-Yao Huang

Theses

A neural network based control system (NNCS) is adopted in this paper to conduct the channel allocation task in the personal communication networks (PCN). Binary adaptive resonance theory (ART-1) that was modified for pattern matching and provided the corresponding responses is selected as the basic algorithm for the system. Digital portable radio technology can provide reliable access to high quality wireless service for many users. Low power transmission requirement and small cell size configuration that can support more users and diverse services than cellular radio system are the attractive attributes of PCN. Assigning multiple time slots to a user in …

Automatic Infrared And Visual Inspection Of Solder Joints On Pcbs, Jiang Huang

Theses

This thesis reports the research results of automatic inspection of solder joints on printed circuit boards (PCBs). The previous work on this regard has been advanced significantly in the following three aspects. With the application of some microlens and the principle of geometric optics solder joints of real size are inspected in this work instead of larger simulation solder joints in the previous work. A new set of features is formulated and used for infrared inspection. Consequently, better results have been achieved in this work.

Reasonably good results demonstrate the capability of infrared inspection of solder joints on PCBs. Once …

Direct Recovering Of Composite Surface Using Uoff, Zhesheng Huang

Theses

The research work reported in the thesis is motivated by the problem raised in the computer vision area. It utilizes direct method to recover surface structure of objects in 3-D space from a pair of stereo images. The direct method, compared with optical flow-based approach and feature-based approach, is robust and computationally efficient. However it can only recover planar surface structure so far. A new approach to recover structure from a pair of stereo images based on unified optical flow field (UOFF) is developed recently. It can recover curved surface structure.

In this thesis, the problem of recovering surface structure …

A Cmos Logic Circuit To Reduce Substrate Current/Hot Carrier Effect, Tejinder K. Jaswal

Theses

A new C-MOS NAND and CMOS full adder logic circuits which reduces hot carrier problems are discussed. The application of new circuit lowers the channel electric field in N-MOSFET during switching transient and leads to suppression of the N-MOSFET substrate current. The simulation results shows that about 3.99 and 3.75 times smaller peak substrate current are obtained in C-MOS NAND and adder with new circuit compared to the conventional logic circuits. These logic circuits also gives better noise and shows shorter rise and fall times. The new concept provides highly reliable logic circuits without any change of device structure or …

Equity And Job Perception, Asha Krishnan

Theses

This thesis examined the concept of equity and the importance of its perceptions on the job. A survey was conducted at New Jersey Institute of Technology. The sample consisted of 150 employees from 27 different departments. The employees were split into three status groups - Non-Professional Staff, Professional Staff and Faculty.

The questionnaire used in the survey was adopted from Carrell and Dittrich's "Organizational Fairness Scale", (1976). The questions probed seven dimensions of the job which were work pace, distribution of tasks, pay level, pay rules, latitude, rule administration, and pay administration.

The seven job dimensions were treated as dependent …

Expert System For Blown Film Extrusion, Jiachyi Li

Theses

Expert systems and blown film extrusion are two subjects to deal with in this thesis. Expert systems are an aspect of artificial intelligence, or a computer's ability to think. The determination of a suitable expert system for particular problem is an important factor in current societies. Blown film is extruded as a continuous tube which is air cooled, collapsed, and wound onto a roll as a double layer of film. Such film, if heat sealed and perforated, makes a roll of bags. There are many factors that affect blown film extrusion. Therefore, using expert system to evaluate blown film extrusion …

Application Of Expert System For Control Of Heating Distribution Network : A Case Study, Jun Li

Theses

The use of an expert system for the heating distribution network is an application of artificial intelligence to the domain of energy engineering.

The development of an expert system for a heating distribution network is explained. The expert system is implemented through the software Kee. The expert system is used to monitor the heating distribution network, and to complement some functions of the controls such as balancing the system pressure, stabilizing output, in addition to fault diagnosis, system process simulation. It serves also as a medium to system moniting, and operator training. Many other functions will be developed on the …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Boron Nitride Masks For X-Ray Lithography, Venkat Paturi

Theses

Boron nitride thin films were deposited on silicon and fused quartz substrates by low pressure chemical vapor deposition using liquid precursor source consisting of Triethyl amine borane complex over a temperature range of 600-900°C. In the range of 600-800°C, the deposition rate, measured at a constant pressure of 0.35 Torr and flow rate of 30 sccm, was observed to follow an Arrhenius behavior yielding an activation energy of 11 kcal/mol. In the temperature range of 800-900°C, the addition of ammonia to Triethylamineborane complex produced films that are stoichiometric, as estimated by RBS measurements, and hydrogen free as determined by Infrared …

Genetic Algorithm For Solving Printed Circuit Board Assembly Planning Problems, Hermean Wong

Theses

The application of the genetic algorithm for solving the planning problems for various printed circuit board assembly machines is presented. The genetic algorithm finds the sequence of component placement/insertion and arrangement of feeders simultaneously, for achieving the shortest assembly time. Three types of assembly planning problems are modeled such that they can be solved by the genetic algorithm. The algorithm uses links (parents) to represent possible solutions and applies genetic operators to generate new links (offspring) in an iterative procedure to obtain the optimal solution. Some examples are provided to illustrate the solutions generated by the genetic algorithm, and these …

A New Approach To Motion Analysis From A Sequence Of Stereo Images, Lin Zhou

Theses

A new approach to motion analysis from a sequence of stereo images is presented in this thesis. Based on a four-frame model, a new concept of unified optical flow field has been developed recently [3]. It is a generalization of the optical flow in stereo imagery. A set of fundamental equations is established to characterize the unified optical flow field. Another set of equations is then derived from which 3-D motion can be reconstructed via the use of the field quantities of the unified optical flow field. In this thesis, the implementation of the approach is conducted. The simulation and …

Interfacing Plasticating Extruders With Personal Computers For Data Acquisition, Information Analysis And Retrieval Purposes, Gautamkumar Y. Shah

Theses

The current manufacturing industries are influenced more and more by computers and automation. Two of the major areas of computer uses are data acquisition and interfacing, both lead towards automation.

The intent of this thesis is to focus on the area of interfacing personal computers with plasticating extruders for information retrieval and storage. The requirements for software and hardware are discussed. Analysis of the stored information can be used to improve the quality of the final product. Implications of the stored parameters on the final product are also discussed. A sample program to store and retrieve the important parameters is …

Novel Artificial Dielectric Plannar Waveguides, Jialing Yang

Theses

An artificial dielectric is a composite material consisting of a dielectric with a large number of conducting particles arranged in a three-dimensional pattern. The particle dimensions are smaller than the optical wavelength of interest. In this thesis, the theoretical and experimental results of some novel artifical dielectric planar waveguide structures are presented. By comparing near field intensity profile measurements from various waveguide structures, we have shown that by adding small clusters of the conductor material into the waveguide we can tailor the mode profile of the waveguide. Also, we were able to fabricate waveguides on a substrate with relatively higher …

Design For Assembly : Re-Design Of An Electrical Switch For The Ease Of Automatic Assembly, Achyuta Reddy Pannala

Theses

A design for assembly (DFA) method is used to analyze the existing design of parts of an electrical switch, and to reduce and re-design them, for the ease of automatic assembly. The procedure for the selection of suitable and economical assembly method is presented based on the Boothroyd & Dewhurst methods. Analysis of the initial design for manual assembly and the re-design for automatic assembly are presented. An algorithmic approach for simplified generation of all mechanical assembly sequences and selecting the good assembly sequences is presented with graphical representations. A work station needed for the automatic assembly is developed, which …

Development Of An Adaptive Fuzzy Shell Clustering Algorithm And Validity Measures, Kurra Bhaswan

Theses

In objective functional based fuzzy clustering algorithms the weighted sum of the distances of the feature vectors from cluster prototype are minimized. The fuzzy memberships are utilized as weighing factors. The cluster prototype can be a point or a line or a plane, etc. This work extends the recent concept of using curved prototypes by utilizing the Adaptive Norm Theorem proposed by Dave¹ to develop an algorithm for the detection of fuzzy hyper-ellipsoidal shell prototypes. The Objective functional associates a norm for each cluster in which to measure the proximity of the shell prototype adaptively. The resulting implementation necessitates …

Petri Net Modeling And Analysis Of An Fms Cell, Paresh A. Patel

Theses

Petri nets have evolved into a powerful tool for the modeling, analysis and design of asynchronous, concurrent systems. This thesis presents the modeling and analysis of a flexible manufacturing system (FMS) cell using Petri nets. In order to improve the productivity of such systems, the building of mathematical models is a crucial step.

In this thesis, the theory and application of Petri nets are presented with emphasis on their application to the modeling and analysis of practical automated manufacturing systems. The theory of Petri nets includes their basic notation and properties. In order to illustrate how a Petri net with …

Adiabatic Kinetic Studies Of The Cytidine/Acetic Anhydride Reaction By Utilizing Temperature Versus Time Data, Joseph John Shatynski

Theses

It is possible to predict the kinetics of a reaction by using temperature versus time data under adiabatic conditions. This method was used for the cytidine/acetic anhydride reaction using a RC1 Mettler Reaction Calorimeter.

The authenticity of the experimental adiabatic system was verified by determining the kinetic parameters of a known reaction (hydrolysis of acetic anhydride) and comparing them to literature values.

For example, the average experimental activation energy, heat of reaction, and ln k₀ values for the hydrolysis of acetic anhydride were 11.2 ±.5 kcal/gmole, -14.4 ± .2 kcal/gmole, and 12.74 ± .94 sec^-1, respectfully, while …

Graphical User Interface For Image Processing, Kumar Chebrolu

Theses

A user friendly, menu driven, highly interactive X Windows package for Image Processing Applications using Motif Widget Set under Motif Window Manager is developed. Modules related to Segementation, Enhancement, Representation, Transformations are developed. The above routines are useful for image manipulation. The current gray scale/binary image is displayed on the window. Online histogram is provided so that the user can change the threshold value interactively. The OSF/Motif toolkit is used efficiently and also Xlib calls to display the image by allocating colormap. An on-line image manipulation help menu facility is incorparated in the tool to make it more versatile.

Performance Analysis Of Symbol Timing Recovery Circuits Employed In Digital Communications Systems, Elisha Yegal Bar-Ness

Theses

An analytical approach is presented for the jitter performance of a timing recovery circuit consisting of a prefilter, a zero-memory nonlinear device, and a narrow band postfilter tuned to the pulse repetition frequency. Assuming first a squarer type of nonlinearity, analytical expressions for the rms jitter in the timing wave are obtained as a function of the pre and post filtering characteristics. These expressions are suitable for judging the case where the baseband signal is bandlimited. Also for some specific examples, the jitter performance of this kind of STR circuit is evaluated.

Secondly, a general type of nonlinerity is assumed, …